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authorAmit Sethi2010-11-09 01:28:00 +0530
committerAmit Sethi2010-11-09 01:28:00 +0530
commit6efc1a6e89318438a676ca167c730a24cd47ea4a (patch)
tree39e38faa977e7230309bccceb8389e708059c781
parent6978f50a9d8c83d239422568efa2f60fde9db9cf (diff)
downloadst-scripts-6efc1a6e89318438a676ca167c730a24cd47ea4a.tar.gz
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Completed basic data type based on review and improved on slides
-rw-r--r--basic-data-type/script.rst111
-rw-r--r--basic-data-type/slides.org188
-rw-r--r--basic-data-type/slides.tex332
-rw-r--r--getting-started-with-lists/slides.org2
-rw-r--r--statistics/script.rst12
5 files changed, 480 insertions, 165 deletions
diff --git a/basic-data-type/script.rst b/basic-data-type/script.rst
index f6b4b3e..3dc92b4 100644
--- a/basic-data-type/script.rst
+++ b/basic-data-type/script.rst
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ in Python.
In this tutorial, we shall look at
- * Datatypes in Python
+* Datatypes in Python
* Numbers
* Boolean
* Sequence
@@ -35,7 +35,10 @@ In this tutorial, we shall look at
* Arithmetic Operators
* Boolean Operators
-* Manipulating Sequence datatypes
+* Python Sequence Data types
+ * list
+ * string
+ * tuple
.. #[Puneeth: Use double colon only for code blocks.]
.. #[Puneeth: include more details in the outline.]
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ with a little hands-on on how they can be applied to the different data types.
First we will explore python data structures in the domain of numbers.
There are three built-in data types in python to represent numbers.
-{{{ A slide to make a memory note of this }}}
+{{{ A slide to make a memory note of the different datatypes }}}
These are:
@@ -75,9 +78,9 @@ If we now see ::
type(a)
<type 'int'>
-This means that a is a type of int. Being an int data structure in python
+This means that a is a type of int. Being an int data type in python
means that there are various functions that this variable has to manipulate
-it different ways. You can explore these by doing,
+in different ways. You can explore these by doing,
a.<Tab>
@@ -85,23 +88,14 @@ it different ways. You can explore these by doing,
.. Something like this would be better.
.. int data-type can hold integers of any size. for example - ]
-*int* datatype can hold integers of any size lets see this by example.
+*int* datatype can hold integers of any size lets see this by an example.
b = 99999999999999999999
b
As you can see even when we put a value of 9 repeated 20 times python did
-not complain. However when you asked python to print the number again it
-put a capital L at the end. Now if you check the type of this variable b,
-::
-
- type(b)
- <type 'long'>
-
-
-The reason for this is that python recognizes large integer numbers by the
-data type long. However long type and int type share there functions
-and properties.
+not complain. This is because python's int data-type can hold integers of any
+size.
.. #[Puneeth: again, the clean-up that I talked of above. Decide if you are
.. talking about the different type of numbers and the datatypes that are
@@ -142,8 +136,25 @@ We can get the absolute value using the function ::
abs(c)
+Following is are exercises that you must do.
+
+%% %% Find the absolute value of 3+4j
+::
+
+ abs(3+4j)
+
+%% %% What is the datatype of number 999999999999999999? Is it
+not int?
+::
-{{ Slide for memory aid }}
+ Long
+ Big integers are internally stored in python
+ as Long datatype.
+
+Please, pause the video here. Do the exercises and then continue.
+
+
+{{ Slide for showing Boolean datatypes }}
Python also has Boolean as a built-in type.
@@ -216,8 +227,16 @@ Python uses '+' for addition ::
'/' for division ::
384/16
+ 8/3
+ 8.0/3
+
+When we did 8/3 the first case results in am integer
+output as both the operands are integer however when
+8.0/3 is used the answer is float as one of the operands is
+float.
- '%' for modulo operation ::
+
+'%' for modulo operation ::
87 % 6
@@ -245,13 +264,27 @@ is same as ::
a=a/23
+Following is an (are) exercise(s) that you must do.
+
+%% %% Using python find sqaure root of 3?
+::
+
+ 3**0.5
+
+%% %% Is 3**1/2 and 3**0.5 same
+::
+ No,One gives an int answer and the other float
+
+Please, pause the video here. Do the exercises and then continue.
+
+
Lets now discuss sequence data types in Python. Sequence data types
are those in which elements are kept in a sequential order and all the
-elements accessed using index numbers.
+elements are accessed using index numbers.
.. #[Puneeth: fix the last sentence - it sounds incomplete]
-{{{ slide for memory aid }}}
+{{{ slide introducing sequence datatype }}}
The sequence datatypes in Python are ::
@@ -288,7 +321,7 @@ type ::
greeting_string is now a string variable with the value "hello"
-{{{ Memory Aid Slide }}}
+{{{ All the different types of strings shown }}}
Python strings can actually be defined in three different ways ::
@@ -365,17 +398,17 @@ Find maximum using max function and minimum using min::
max(num_tuple)
min(greeting_string)
-Get a sorted list and reversed list using sorted and reversed function ::
+Get a sorted list ::
sorted(num_list)
- reversed(greeting_string)
+
-As a consequence of there order we can access a group of elements of sequence,
-together. This is called slicing and striding.
+As a consequence of there order we can access a group of elements
+in a sequence,together. This is called slicing and striding.
.. #[Puneeth: Fix the sentence above. ]
-First Slicing
+First lets discuss Slicing,
Given a list ::
@@ -507,6 +540,30 @@ Note that the list has to be a list of strings to apply join operation.
With this we come to the end of this tutorial .
+Following is an (are) exercise(s) that you must do.
+
+
+
+%% %% Check if 3 is an element of the list [1,7,5,3,4]. In case
+it is change it to 21.
+::
+ l=[1,7,5,3,4]
+ 3 in l
+ l[3]=21
+ l
+
+%% %% Convert the string "Elizabeth is queen of england" to
+"Elizabeth is queen"
+::
+
+ s="Elizabeth is queen of england"
+ stemp=s.split()
+ ' '.join(stemp[:3])
+
+Please, pause the video here. Do the exercise(s) and then continue.
+
+
+
In this tutorial we have discussed
1. Number Datatypes , integer,float and complex
diff --git a/basic-data-type/slides.org b/basic-data-type/slides.org
index 67af37f..84bee21 100644
--- a/basic-data-type/slides.org
+++ b/basic-data-type/slides.org
@@ -2,74 +2,178 @@
#+LaTeX_CLASS_OPTIONS: [presentation]
#+BEAMER_FRAME_LEVEL: 1
-#+BEAMER_HEADER_EXTRA: \usetheme{Warsaw}\useoutertheme{infolines}\usecolortheme{default}\setbeamercovered{transparent}
+#+BEAMER_HEADER_EXTRA: \usetheme{Warsaw}\usecolortheme{default}\useoutertheme{infolines}\setbeamercovered{transparent}
#+COLUMNS: %45ITEM %10BEAMER_env(Env) %10BEAMER_envargs(Env Args) %4BEAMER_col(Col) %8BEAMER_extra(Extra)
#+PROPERTY: BEAMER_col_ALL 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 :ETC
-#+OPTIONS: H:5 num:t toc:nil \n:nil @:t ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t <:t
+
+#+LaTeX_CLASS: beamer
+#+LaTeX_CLASS_OPTIONS: [presentation]
+
+#+LaTeX_HEADER: \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage{ae,aecompl}
+#+LaTeX_HEADER: \usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler} \usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet}
+
+#+LaTeX_HEADER: \usepackage{listings}
+
+#+LaTeX_HEADER:\lstset{language=Python, basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
+#+LaTeX_HEADER: commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape, stringstyle=\color{darkgreen},
+#+LaTeX_HEADER: showstringspaces=false, keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries}
#+TITLE: Plotting Data
#+AUTHOR: FOSSEE
#+DATE: 2010-09-14 Tue
#+EMAIL: info@fossee.in
-# \author[FOSSEE] {FOSSEE}
+#+DESCRIPTION:
+#+KEYWORDS:
+#+LANGUAGE: en
+#+OPTIONS: H:3 num:nil toc:nil \n:nil @:t ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t <:t
+#+OPTIONS: TeX:t LaTeX:nil skip:nil d:nil todo:nil pri:nil tags:not-in-toc
-# \institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay}
-# \date{}
-* Tutorial Plan
+* Outline
** Datatypes in Python
-** Operators in Python
+ - Numbers
+ - Boolean
+ - Sequence
+** Operators in Python
+ - Arithmetic Operators
+ - Boolean Operators
+** Python Sequence Datatypes
+ - list
+ - string
+ - tuple
* Numbers
-** Integers
-** Float
-** Complex
+ - Integers
+ - Float
+ - Complex
+* Question 1
+ - Find the absolute value of 3+4j
+* Solution 1
+
+ abs(3+4j)
+
+* Question 2
+ - What is the datatype of number 999999999999999999? Is it
+not int?
+
+* Solution 2
+
+ - Long
+ - Large integers numbers are internally stored in python
+ as Long datatype.
+
* Boolean
-** True
-** False
+ #+begin_src python
+ In []: t=True
+ In []: f=False
+ #+end_src
-* Sequence Data types
-** Data in Sequence
-** Accessed using Index
-*** list
-*** String
-*** Tuple
+* Question 1
+ - Using python find sqaure root of 3?
-* All are Strings
+* Solution 1
-** k='Single quote'
-** l="Double quote contain's single quote"
-** m='''"Contain's both"'''
+ - 3**0.5
-* Summary
-** a=73
-** b=3.14
-** c=3+4j
+* Question 2
+ - Is 3**1/2 and 3**0.5 same
+* Solution 2
+ - No,One gives an int answer and the other float
-* Summary Contd.
+* Sequence Data types
+** Properties
+ - Data in Sequence
+ - Accessed using Index
+** Type
+ - list
+ - String
+ - Tuple
-** t=True
-** f=False
-** t and f
+* All are Strings
+ #+begin_src python
+ k='Single quote'
+ l="Double quote contain's single quote"
+ m='''"Contain's both"'''
+
+ #+end_src
+* Immutabilty Error
+ #+begin_src python
+ In []: greeting_string[1]='k'
+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
+
+ /home/amit/st-scripts/basic-data-type/<ipython console> in <module>()
+
+ TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment
+ #+end_src
+
+* Question 1
+ - Check if 3 is an element of the list [1,7,5,3,4]. In case
+it is change it to 21.
+
+* Solution 1
+ #+begin_src python
+ l=[1,7,5,3,4]
+ 3 in l
+ l[3]=21
+ l
+ #+end_src
+* Question 2
+ - Convert the string "Elizabeth is queen of england" to
+"Elizabeth is queen"
+
+* Solution 2
+ #+begin_src python
+ s="Elizabeth is queen of england"
+ stemp=s.split()
+ ' '.join(stemp[:3])
+ #+end_src
+* Summary
+ #+begin_src python
+ a=73
+ b=3.14
+ c=3+4j
+ #+end_src
* Summary Contd.
-** l= [2,1,4,3]
-** s='hello'
-** tu=(1,2,3,4)
-
+ #+begin_src python
+ t=True
+ f=False
+ t and f
+ #+end_src
* Summary Contd.
-** tu[-1]
-** s[1:-1]
-
+ #+begin_src python
+ l= [2,1,4,3]
+ s='hello'
+ tu=(1,2,3,4)
+ #+end_src
* Summary Contd.
+ #+begin_src python
+ tu[-1]
+ s[1:-1]
+ #+end_src
+* Summary Contd.
+ #+begin_src python
+ Sorted(l)
+ #+end_src
+* Thank you!
+#+begin_latex
+ \begin{block}{}
+ \begin{center}
+ This spoken tutorial has been produced by the
+ \textcolor{blue}{FOSSEE} team, which is funded by the
+ \end{center}
+ \begin{center}
+ \textcolor{blue}{National Mission on Education through \\
+ Information \& Communication Technology \\
+ MHRD, Govt. of India}.
+ \end{center}
+ \end{block}
+#+end_latex
+
-** Sorted(l)
-** reversed(s)
-* COMMENT
-# [Puneeth: Where is the last slide?]
-# [Puneeth: Why don't you use the template slides.org?]
diff --git a/basic-data-type/slides.tex b/basic-data-type/slides.tex
index b66f55d..586f169 100644
--- a/basic-data-type/slides.tex
+++ b/basic-data-type/slides.tex
@@ -1,21 +1,34 @@
-% Created 2010-10-13 Wed 17:08
+% Created 2010-11-09 Tue 01:27
\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}
-\usetheme{Warsaw}\useoutertheme{infolines}\usecolortheme{default}\setbeamercovered{transparent}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\usepackage{fixltx2e}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{wrapfig}
\usepackage{soul}
+\usepackage{t1enc}
+\usepackage{textcomp}
+\usepackage{marvosym}
+\usepackage{wasysym}
+\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{hyperref}
-
+\tolerance=1000
+\usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage{ae,aecompl}
+\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler} \usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{language=Python, basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
+commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape, stringstyle=\color{darkgreen},
+showstringspaces=false, keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries}
+\providecommand{\alert}[1]{\textbf{#1}}
\title{Plotting Data }
\author{FOSSEE}
\date{2010-09-14 Tue}
+\usetheme{Warsaw}\usecolortheme{default}\useoutertheme{infolines}\setbeamercovered{transparent}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
@@ -25,134 +38,283 @@
+
+
+
+
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Tutorial Plan}
+\frametitle{Outline}
\label{sec-1}
\begin{itemize}
-\item Datatypes in Python\\
-\label{sec-1.1}%
-\item Operators in Python\\
-\label{sec-1.2}%
+\item Datatypes in Python
+\label{sec-1_1}%
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Numbers
+\item Boolean
+\item Sequence
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\item Operators in Python
+\label{sec-1_2}%
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Arithmetic Operators
+\item Boolean Operators
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\item Python Sequence Datatypes
+\label{sec-1_3}%
+\begin{itemize}
+\item list
+\item string
+\item tuple
+\end{itemize}
+
+
\end{itemize} % ends low level
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Numbers}
\label{sec-2}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item Integers\\
-\label{sec-2.1}%
-\item Float\\
-\label{sec-2.2}%
-\item Complex\\
-\label{sec-2.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Integers
+\item Float
+\item Complex
+\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Boolean}
+\frametitle{Question 1}
\label{sec-3}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item True\\
-\label{sec-3.1}%
-\item False\\
-\label{sec-3.2}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Find the absolute value of 3+4j
+\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Sequence Data types}
+\frametitle{Solution 1}
\label{sec-4}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item Data in Sequence\\
-\label{sec-4.1}%
-\item Accessed using Index
-\label{sec-4.2}%
-\begin{itemize}
-\item list\\
-\label{sec-4.2.1}%
-\item String\\
-\label{sec-4.2.2}%
-\item Tuple\\
-\label{sec-4.2.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+ abs(3+4j)
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{All are Strings}
+\frametitle{Question 2}
\label{sec-5}
+
\begin{itemize}
+\item What is the datatype of number 999999999999999999? Is it
+\end{itemize}
-\item k='Single quote'\\
-\label{sec-5.1}%
-\item l="Double quote contain's single quote"\\
-\label{sec-5.2}%
-\item m='''"Contain's both"'''\\
-\label{sec-5.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+not int?
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary}
+\frametitle{Solution 2}
\label{sec-6}
+
+
\begin{itemize}
+\item Long
+\item Large integers numbers are internally stored in python
+\end{itemize}
-\item a=73\\
-\label{sec-6.1}%
-\item b=3.14\\
-\label{sec-6.2}%
-\item c=3+4j\\
-\label{sec-6.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+ as Long datatype.
\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Boolean}
\label{sec-7}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item t=True\\
-\label{sec-7.1}%
-\item f=False\\
-\label{sec-7.2}%
-\item t and f\\
-\label{sec-7.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+\begin{verbatim}
+In []: t=True
+In []: f=False
+\end{verbatim}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\frametitle{Question 1}
\label{sec-8}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item l= [2,1,4,3]\\
-\label{sec-8.1}%
-\item s='hello'\\
-\label{sec-8.2}%
-\item tu=(1,2,3,4)\\
-\label{sec-8.3}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Using python find sqaure root of 3?
+\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\frametitle{Solution 1}
\label{sec-9}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item tu[-1]\\
-\label{sec-9.1}%
-\item s[1:-1]\\
-\label{sec-9.2}%
-\end{itemize} % ends low level
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item 3**0.5
+\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\frametitle{Question 2}
\label{sec-10}
+
\begin{itemize}
+\item Is 3**1/2 and 3**0.5 same
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Solution 2}
+\label{sec-11}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item No,One gives an int answer and the other float
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Sequence Data types}
+\label{sec-12}
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item Properties
+\label{sec-12_1}%
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Data in Sequence
+\item Accessed using Index
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\item Type
+\label{sec-12_2}%
+\begin{itemize}
+\item list
+\item String
+\item Tuple
+\end{itemize}
+
-\item Sorted(l)\\
-\label{sec-10.1}%
-\item reversed(s)\\
-\label{sec-10.2}%
\end{itemize} % ends low level
\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{All are Strings}
+\label{sec-13}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+k='Single quote'
+l="Double quote contain's single quote"
+m='''"Contain's both"'''
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Immutabilty Error}
+\label{sec-14}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+In []: greeting_string[1]='k'
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
+
+/home/amit/st-scripts/basic-data-type/<ipython console> in <module>()
+
+TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Question 1}
+\label{sec-15}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Check if 3 is an element of the list [1,7,5,3,4]. In case
+\end{itemize}
+
+it is change it to 21.
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Solution 1}
+\label{sec-16}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+l=[1,7,5,3,4]
+3 in l
+l[3]=21
+l
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Question 2}
+\label{sec-17}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Convert the string ``Elizabeth is queen of england'' to
+\end{itemize}
+
+``Elizabeth is queen''
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Solution 2}
+\label{sec-18}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+s="Elizabeth is queen of england"
+stemp=s.split()
+' '.join(stemp[:3])
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Summary}
+\label{sec-19}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+a=73
+b=3.14
+c=3+4j
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\label{sec-20}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+t=True
+f=False
+t and f
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\label{sec-21}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+l= [2,1,4,3]
+s='hello'
+tu=(1,2,3,4)
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\label{sec-22}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+tu[-1]
+s[1:-1]
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Summary Contd.}
+\label{sec-23}
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+Sorted(l)
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Thank you!}
+\label{sec-24}
+
+ \begin{block}{}
+ \begin{center}
+ This spoken tutorial has been produced by the
+ \textcolor{blue}{FOSSEE} team, which is funded by the
+ \end{center}
+ \begin{center}
+ \textcolor{blue}{National Mission on Education through \\
+ Information \& Communication Technology \\
+ MHRD, Govt. of India}.
+ \end{center}
+ \end{block}
+\end{frame}
\end{document}
diff --git a/getting-started-with-lists/slides.org b/getting-started-with-lists/slides.org
index 528c840..34bb65a 100644
--- a/getting-started-with-lists/slides.org
+++ b/getting-started-with-lists/slides.org
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
#+PROPERTY: BEAMER_col_ALL 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 :ETC
#+OPTIONS: H:5 num:t toc:nil \n:nil @:t ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t <:t
-#+TITLE: Plotting Data
+#+TITLE: Getting started with Lists
#+AUTHOR: FOSSEE
#+DATE: 2010-09-14 Tue
#+EMAIL: info@fossee.in
diff --git a/statistics/script.rst b/statistics/script.rst
index 5523fce..5ba2c00 100644
--- a/statistics/script.rst
+++ b/statistics/script.rst
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
.. Loading Data from files
.. Getting started with Lists
-.. Author : Puneeth
- Internal Reviewer : Anoop Jacob Thomas<anoop@fossee.in>
+.. Author : Amit Sethi
+ Internal Reviewer : Puneeth
External Reviewer :
Checklist OK? : <put date stamp here, if OK> [2010-10-05]
@@ -31,14 +31,6 @@ In this tutorial, we shall learn
* Doing simple statistical operations in Python
* Applying these to real world problems
-.. #[punch: the prerequisites part may be skipped in the tutorial. It
-.. will be provided separately.]
-
-You will need Ipython with pylab running on your computer to use this
-tutorial.
-
-Also you will need to know about loading data using loadtxt to be able
-to follow the real world application.
.. #[punch: since loadtxt is anyway a pre-req, I would recommend you
.. to use a data file and load data from that. that is good, since you