initial commit / add all booksHEADmaster

192 files changed, 7563 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1f1246350
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-1
+//Given
+v=45.3;  //volume, cm^3
+m=0.543;  //mass, kg
+
+//Computations
+d=m*1000/v; //density, g/cm^3
+
+printf("The density, d =  %.1f g/cm^3.",d)
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95ff73dbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-2
+//Refer Problem 10-1
+//Given
+v=45.3;  //volume, cm^3
+m=0.543;  //mass, kg
+
+//Computations
+d=m/(v*10^-6); //density, kg/m^3
+
+printf("The density, d =  %.2E kg/m^3.",d)
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..efe210ffa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-3
+//Given
+l=1.00; //original length of cord, m
+F1=5.00; //force, N
+F2=2.00; //Force, N
+l1=2.00; //length of cord when 5N force is applied, m
+
+//Computations
+s1=l1-l; //lengh stretched by 5N force, m
+k=s1/F1;  //spring constant, m/N
+s2=k*F2; //length stretched by 2N force, m
+l2=l+s2; //length of cord when 2N force is applied, m
+
+printf("The length of cord with 2N force applied is %.2f m.",l2)
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37dd6e974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-4
+//Given
+m=300; //mass, kg
+v=0.275;  //volume, m^3
+
+//Computations
+d_m=m/v; //mass density, kg/m^3
+
+printf("The mass density, d_m = %.0f kg/m^3.",d_m)  //The answer vary due to round off error/significant figures.
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b257ce3a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-5
+//Refer Problem 10-4
+//Given
+g=9.81; //in m/s^2
+m=300; //in kg
+v=0.275; //in m^3
+
+//Computations
+d_w=(m/v)*g; //weight density, N/m^3
+
+printf("The weight density, d_w = %.2E N/m^3.",d_w)
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b765d9bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-6
+//Given
+d_m=1000; //mass density of water, kg.m^3
+a=10.000; //edge length of cube, cm
+d=1.00; //depth of water, m
+
+g=9.81; //in m/s^2
+
+//Computations
+F=(d_m*g*d)*(6*(a/100)^2); //Force, N
+
+printf("The force on the cube, F = %.0f N.",F)
diff --git a/3920/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce b/3920/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..608a13f3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 10-7
+//Refer Fig. 10-4
+//Given
+A1=12.00;  //in cm^2
+A2=15.00;  //in cm^2
+F1=10.00;  //in N
+
+//Computations
+F2=F1*A2/A1;  //in N
+
+printf("The upward force at piston number 2, F2 = %.2f N.", F2)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..452f09434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-1
+//Given
+m=3.00; //mass, g
+E=5.0000; //energy supplied, cal
+t=1.1234; //increase in temperature, degree C
+
+//Computations
+c=E/(m*t); //specific heat, cal/g/degree C
+
+printf("The specific heat of the substance is %.2f cal/g/degree-Celsius.",c)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd4e9b8f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-2
+//Given
+F=72; //Temperature in degree Fahrenheit
+
+//Computation
+C=(5/9)*(F-32);
+
+printf("The Celsius equivalent is %.0f degree-C.",C)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ad301897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-3
+//Given
+F=80.0; //Temperature in degree Fahrenheit
+
+//Computation
+C=(5/9)*(F-32);
+K=C+273.15;
+
+printf("The Kelvin temperature equivalent is %.0f K.",K)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fcf75985c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-4
+//Given
+d=10.000; //original length of rod, m
+d1=10.025; //Increased length of rod, m
+t=20.00;  //Initial temperature, degree Celsius
+t1=25.00;  //Increased temperature, degree Celsius
+
+//Computations
+s=d1-d; //in m
+T=t1-t; 
+alpha=s/(d*T);
+
+printf("The thermal coefficient of linear expansion, alpha = %.1E /degree-Celsius",alpha)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..225ed039d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-5
+//Given
+alpha=2.50*10^-4; // in /degree-C
+V1=8.000; // in m^3
+t1=30.0; //in degree-C
+t2=20.0; // in degree-C
+
+//Computations
+d1=V1^(1/3); //Initial edge length, m
+T=t2-t1;
+s=alpha*d1*T;
+d2=s+d1; //Final edge length, m
+V2=d2^3; //in m^3
+
+printf("The volume of the cube at %.1f degree-Celsius is %.2f m^3.",t2,V2)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5fe186b70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-6
+//Given
+m=1.535; //mass, kg
+h=142761; //in cal
+
+//Computations
+h_f=h/(m*1000); //in cal/g
+
+printf("The heat of fusion of the material, h_f = %.2f cal/g.",h_f)
diff --git a/3920/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce b/3920/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0f30b80a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 11-7
+//Given
+m=67.5; //mass, g
+h_v=845; //heat of vaporization in cal/g
+
+//Computations
+h=h_v*m; //in cal
+
+printf("The required heat, h = %.2E cal = %.1f kcal.",h, h/1000)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bf2186bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-1
+//Refer Fig.12-8 
+//Given-
+E=10;  //in V
+R=10; //in ohm
+
+//Computations
+I=E/R; //in A
+
+printf("The current, I = %.1f A.",I)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a025c6d85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-10
+//Refer Problem 12-9
+//Given
+E=12; // in V
+R_n=120; //value of each resistors, ohms
+n=12; //number of resistors
+
+//Computations
+I_n=E/R_n; //in A
+
+printf("The ammeter reading, I_n = %.2f A.",I_n)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6bd69191d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-11
+//Given
+E=150; //supply voltage, V
+R1=330; //in ohm
+R2=680; //in ohm
+R3=910; //in ohm
+
+//Computations
+R=R1+R2+R3; //Total resistance of the series combination, ohms
+I=E/R;
+P2=I^2*R2; //in W
+
+printf("The power dissipated by R2, P2 = %.2f W.",P2)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d710df18e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-12
+//Given
+E=3.0; //supply voltage, V
+R1=22; //in ohm
+R2=47; //in ohm
+R3=68; //in ohm
+
+//Computations
+P1=E^2/R1; //in W
+P2=E^2/R2; //in W
+P3=E^2/R3; //in W
+
+printf("The power dissipated by R1, P1 = %.2f W.\n",P1)
+printf("The power dissipated by R2, P2 = %.2f W.\n",P2)
+printf("The power dissipated by R3, P2 = %.2f W.",P3)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.13/Ex12_13.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.13/Ex12_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f218b1562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.13/Ex12_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-13
+//Refer Fig. 12-13
+//Given
+R_b=100; //Value of resistance for resistors below Z, ohms
+R_a=10.0; //Value of resistance for resistors above Z, ohms
+I_100=500; //Current trough each 100-ohm resistor, mA
+
+//Computations
+I1=I_100;
+I2=I_100;
+I_10=(I1+I2)/3; //Current though any one of 10-ohm resistor, mA
+E=(I_10/1000)*R_a; //Voltage across any one of 10-ohm resistor, V
+
+printf("The current through any of the 10-ohm resistors = %.0f mA.\n",I_10)
+printf("The voltage across any of the 10-ohm resistors = %.2f V.",E)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.14/Ex12_14.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.14/Ex12_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e6ec9354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.14/Ex12_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-14
+//Refer Fig. 12-14
+//Given
+R1=50; //ohms
+R2=60; //ohms
+R3=70; //ohms
+R4=80; //ohms
+I=500; //mA
+
+//Computations
+E1=I*R1/1000; //V
+E2=I*R2/1000; //V
+E3=I*R3/1000; //V
+E4=I*R4/1000; //V
+E=E1+E2+E3+E4; //V
+
+printf("The supply voltage, E = %.0f V.",E)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a361ab87d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-2
+//Refer Fig.12-8
+//Given
+R=10.0; //Resistance, k-ohm
+E=100; //in volts(V)
+
+//Computations
+I=E/(R*1000); // in A
+
+printf("The current, I = %.4f A.",I)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3356a5739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-3
+//Refer Fig.12-8
+//Given
+R=100;  //in ohm
+I=10.0; //in mA
+
+//Computations
+E=(I/1000)*R; //in V
+
+printf("The dc voltage, E = %.2f V.",E)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f3ba21e51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-4
+//Refer Fig.12-8
+//Given
+E=24;  // in V
+I=3.0; // in A
+
+//Computations
+R=E/I; //in ohm
+
+printf("The value of the potentiometer, R = %.1f ohms.",R)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9a97e1117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-5
+//Refer Fig.12-8
+//Given
+E=12;  // in V
+I=50; // in mA
+
+//Computations
+P=E*I/1000; //in W
+
+printf("The power dissipated by potentiometer, P = %.2f W.",P)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..45adc88af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-6
+//Refer Fig.12-9
+///Given
+R1=112; //in ohm
+R2=470; //in ohm
+R3=680; //in ohm
+
+//Computations
+R=R1+R2+R3; //in ohm
+
+printf("The total resistance of the series combination is %.0f ohms.",R) //The answer may vary due to round-off errors/significant figures.
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d54d03515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-7
+//Refer Fig.12-10
+///Given
+R1=100; //in ohm
+R2=200; //in ohm
+R3=300; //in ohm
+R4=400; //in ohm
+R5=500; //in ohm
+
+//Computations
+R=1/((1/R1)+(1/R2)+(1/R3)+(1/R4)+(1/R5)); //in ohm
+
+printf("The total resistance of the parallel combination, R = %.1f ohms.",R)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df610c95b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-8
+//Refer Fig. 12-11
+//Given
+R_n1=10; //value of resistance for five resistors, ohms
+R_n2=20; //value of resistance for other five resistors, ohms
+E=15; //in V
+
+//Computations
+R=R_n1*5+R_n2*5; //ohms
+I=E/R; //in A
+E_1=I*R_n1; //voltage across one 10 ohm resistors, V
+E_2=I*R_n2; //voltage across one 20 ohm resistors, V
+
+printf("The voltage across one of the 10-ohm resistors = %.1f V.\n",E_1)
+printf("The voltage across one of the 20-ohm resistors = %.1f V.",E_2)
diff --git a/3920/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce b/3920/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ea792ace6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 12-9
+//Refer Fig. 12-12
+//Given
+E=12; // in V
+R_n=120; //value of each resistors, ohms
+n=12; //number of resistors
+
+//Computations
+R=R_n/n; //in ohms
+I=E/R; //in A
+
+printf("The total current drawn from the battery, I = %.1f A.",I)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f946fc095
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-1
+//Given
+T=5.000*10^-6; //period of the wave, s
+
+//Computations
+f_Hz=1/T; //frequency in Hz
+f_kHz=f_Hz/10^3; //frequency, kHz
+f_MHz=f_kHz/10^3; //frequency, MHz
+
+printf("The frequency in hertz, f_Hz = %.3E Hz.\n",f_Hz)
+printf("The frequency in kilohertz, f_kHz = %.1f kHz.\n",f_kHz)
+printf("The frequency in megahertz, f_MHz = %.4f MHz.\n",f_MHz)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3c7d0ec18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+///Problem 13-2
+//Refer Fig. 13-5
+//Given
+T_axis=1.0; //measure of each division on Time(horizontal) axis, microseconds
+
+//Computations
+//From the graph
+T_div=4; //Number of horizontal(Time-axis) divisions for time period of the wave
+T=T_axis*T_div*10^-6;  //Time peroid, s
+f=1/T; //frequency, Hz
+
+printf("The period of the triangular wave, T = %.1f microseconds or %.1E s.\n",T*10^6,T)
+printf("The frequency, f = %.1E Hz.",f)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..75a050ee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-3
+//Given
+f=60.0; //frequency, Hz
+
+//Computations
+omega= 2*%pi*f; //angular frequency, rad/s
+
+printf("The angular frequency, omega = %.0f rad/s.",omega)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64800ad18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-4
+//Given
+omega=3.8865*10^5; //angular frequency, rad/s
+
+//Computations
+f_Hz=omega/(2*%pi);
+f_kHz=f_Hz/10^3;
+
+printf("The frequency in kilohertz, f_kHz = %.1f kHz.",f_kHz)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c8a7c0dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-5
+//Given
+V_pk_pk=60; //peak to peak value of the wave, V
+
+//Computations
+V_pk=V_pk_pk/2; //peak voltage, V
+
+printf("The peak voltage is %.0f V pk.\nHalf the peaks are +%d V; half are %d V.",V_pk,V_pk,-V_pk)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..516f275c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-6
+//Refer Problem 13-5
+//Given
+V_pk_pk=60; //peak to peak value of the wave, V
+V_dc=10; //dc component of the wave, V
+
+//Computations
+V_ppk= V_pk_pk/2+V_dc; //positive peak voltage, V
+V_npk= -V_pk_pk/2+V_dc; //negative peak value, V
+
+if V_dc~=0
+    printf("The absolute peak value cannot be determined.\n")
+end
+
+printf("The positive peak voltage is %.0f V.\n",V_ppk)
+printf("The negative peak voltage is %.0f V.",V_npk)
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..423732561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-7
+//Given
+phi_XY_rad=0.5000; //angle by which wave X leads wave Y, rad
+cycle_YZ=1/8;  //part of cycle by which wave Y leads wave Z
+
+//data used
+rad2deg=57.296; //for conversion from radian to degrees
+
+//Computations
+phi_XY_deg=phi_XY_rad*rad2deg; //in degrees
+phi_YZ=cycle_YZ*360; //in degrees
+phi_XZ=phi_XY_deg+phi_YZ; //angle by which wave X leads wave Z, degrees
+
+if phi_XZ>=0
+    printf("Wave X leads wave Z by %.2f degrees.",phi_XZ)
+end
+
+if phi_XZ<0
+    printf("Wave X lags wave Z by %.2f degrees.",-phi_XZ)
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce b/3920/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa6687dad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 13-8
+//Given
+phi_XY_rad=0.5000; //angle by which wave X leads wave Y, rad
+cycle_YZ=1/8;  //part of cycle by which wave Y lags wave Z
+
+//data used
+rad2deg=57.296; //for conversion from radian to degrees
+
+//Computations
+phi_XY_deg=phi_XY_rad*rad2deg; //in degrees
+phi_YZ=cycle_YZ*360; //in degrees
+phi_XZ=phi_XY_deg-phi_YZ; //angle by which wave X leads wave Z, degrees
+
+if phi_XZ>=0
+    printf("Wave X leads wave Z by %.2f degrees.",phi_XZ)
+end
+
+if phi_XZ<0
+    printf("Wave X lags wave Z by %.2f degrees.",-phi_XZ)
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce b/3920/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a38eb842a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 14-1
+//Given
+r=20; //in cm
+I=400; // in mA
+
+//Computations
+B=2*10^-7*(I/1000)/(r/100); //in tesla(T)
+
+printf("The flux density, B = %.1E T.",B)
diff --git a/3920/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce b/3920/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..db523fdaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 14-2
+//Refer Example 14-1
+//Given
+r=20; //in cm
+I=400; // in mA
+
+//Computations
+B=2*10^-7*(I/1000)/(r/100); //in tesla(T)
+B_gauss=B*10^4; // in G
+
+printf("The flux density, B_gauss = %.1E G.",B_gauss)
diff --git a/3920/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce b/3920/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3770649a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 14-3
+//Theoretical Problem - involves no computations
diff --git a/3920/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce b/3920/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6543b97eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 14-4
+//Given
+B_c=0.500; //magnetic flux with current, T
+B_nc=500; //magnetic flux with no current, G
+
+//Computations
+B_r=B_nc/(B_c*10^4)*100; //retentivity, in percent
+
+printf("The retentivity of the core material, B_r = %.1f percent.",B_r)
diff --git a/3920/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce b/3920/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd7b95b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 14-5
+//Given
+s=20; //length of wire, cm
+n=100; //number of turns
+B=20; //flux density, G
+mu=100; //permeability of core material
+
+//Computations
+I=(1/(4*%pi*10^-7)) * (s/100)*(B/10^4)/(mu*n) *1000; //in mA
+
+printf("The current in wire, I = %.0f mA.",I)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..52f615417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-1
+//Given
+L1=1.50; // in mH
+L2=150; // in micro H
+L3=120; //in micro H
+
+//Computations
+ //for series combination of the inductors, net inductance is,
+L_s=L1+L2*10^-3+L3*10^-3; // in mH
+
+printf("The net series inductance, L_s = %.2f mH.", L_s)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b51774ff8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-10
+//7 Complex Impedances with absolute value of 10-ohms are to be named
+
+//Computations
+printf("Seven complex impedances with absolute value of Z=10 ohms are :- \n")
+n=0; //no of complex impedances found/displayed
+    for i=0:10
+        for j=0:10
+            if (abs(complex(i,j))==10 && (i==0 || j==0) && n<7) //condition on i and j is imposed to avoid printing 10-j0 as 10+j0 is same as this, 
+                    printf("%d.  %d + j%d\n",n+1,i,j); n=n+1;
+                    printf("%d.  %d + j%d\n",n+1,j,i); n=n+1;
+                    printf("%d.  %d - j%d\n",n+1,i,j); n=n+1;
+                end
+            if (abs(complex(i,j))==10 && (i~=0 && j~=0) && n<7)
+                    printf("%d.  %d + j%d\n",n+1,i,j); n=n+1;
+                    printf("%d.  %d - j%d\n",n+1,i,j); n=n+1;
+                    printf("%d.  %d + j%d\n",n+1,j,i); n=n+1;
+                    printf("%d.  %d - j%d\n",n+1,j,i); n=n+1;
+                  end
+                end
+            end
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b76a6156a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-2
+//Refer Problem 15-1
+//Given
+L1=1.50; // in mH
+L2=150; // in micro H
+L3=120; //in micro H
+
+//Computations
+L_p=1/((1/(L1*1000))+(1/L2)+(1/L3)); // net parallel inductance in microhenry
+
+printf("The net parallel inductance, L_p = %.1f muH(microhenrys).", L_p)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5818418d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-3
+//Given
+L=10.0; //in mH
+f=100; // in kHz
+
+//Computations
+x_L=2*%pi*(f*1000)*(L/1000); // reactance, ohms
+
+printf("The reactance, x_L = %.0f ohms or %.2f kilo-ohms.",x_L, x_L/1000)   //The answer may vary due to round-off errors/significant figures.
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0981ecc3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-4
+//Given
+C1=0.10; // in muF
+C2=0.050; // in muF
+
+//Computations
+C=1/((1/C1)+(1/C2)); // in muF
+
+printf("The total capacitance, C = %.3f muF (microfarads).",C)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29b30506f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-5
+//Given
+C1=0.0010; // in muF
+C2=100; // in pF
+
+//Computations
+C=1/((1/C1)+(1/(C2*10^-6))); // in muF
+
+printf("The total capacitance, C = %.6f muF (microfarads) or %.0f pF.",C,C*10^6)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0f23ac173
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-6
+//Given
+C1=0.100; // in muF
+C2=0.0100; //in muF
+C3=0.00100; // in muF
+
+//Computations
+C=C1+C2+C3; //Total parallel capacitance, muF
+
+printf("The total capacitance, C = %.3f muF (microfarads).",C)
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c349235aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-7
+//Given
+C=0.00100; // Capacitance in muF
+f=1.00; //frequency in MHz
+
+//Computations
+X_C=-1/(2*%pi*f*10^6*C*10^-6); // in ohms
+
+if isinf(X_C)==%F
+    printf("The capacitive reactance, X_C = %.0f ohms.",X_C)
+end
+
+if isinf(X_C)==%T
+    printf("The capacitance is extremely large negative i.e. negative infinity. \n The capacitor is an open circuit.")
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04e67b26e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-8
+//Refer Problem 15-7
+//Given
+C=0.00100; // Capacitance in muF
+f=0; //frequency
+
+//Computations
+X_C=-1/(2*%pi*f*10^6*C*10^-6); // in ohms
+
+if isinf(X_C)==%F
+    printf("The capacitive reactance, X_C = %.0f ohms.",X_C)
+end
+
+if isinf(X_C)==%T
+    printf("The capacitance is extremely large negative i.e. negative infinity. \n The capacitor is an open circuit.")
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce b/3920/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e55552e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 15-9
+//Given
+X_C=-100; //capacitor's reactance, ohms
+f=10.0; //frequency, MHz
+
+//Computations
+C=-1/(2*%pi*f*X_C); //in muF
+
+printf("The capacitance, C = %.6f muF(microfarads) = %.0f pF.",C,C*10^6)
diff --git a/3920/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce b/3920/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..668014b01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 16-1
+//Given
+V=13.8; //Total voltage of the solar battery, V
+
+//Data assumed
+v=0.6; //Voltage produced by each silicon PV cell, V
+
+//Computations
+n=V/v;
+
+printf("In order to get %.1f V dc from solar battery, we must connect %d of PV cells in series.",V,n)
diff --git a/3920/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce b/3920/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7c3c0373f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 16-2
+//Given
+I_g=23.5; //current gain at ideal condition
+f=1000; //operating frequency, Hz
+f_alpha=900; //alpha cutoff, kHz
+
+//Computations
+I_gm=I_g*0.707; //maximum possible current gain at 900 kHz
+
+printf("The maximum possible current gain that the transistor can produce at %d kHz is %.1f.",f_alpha,I_gm)
diff --git a/3920/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce b/3920/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be7366d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 16-3
+//Refer Problem 16-2
+//Given
+I_g=23.5; //current gain at ideal condition
+f=1000; //operating frequency, Hz
+f_alpha=900; //alpha cutoff, kHz
+I_i=2.00; //peak to peak signal input current, mA
+
+//Computations
+I_o=I_i*I_g*0.707; //peak to peak output signal current at 900 kHz, mA
+
+printf("The pk-pk output signal current is %.1f mA.",I_o) // The unit in book answer is mistakenly written as muA (microamperes).
diff --git a/3920/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce b/3920/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d3b0f929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 16-4
+//Theoretical Problem - involves no computation.
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..23d16097c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-1
+//Refer Fig.17-1
+//Given
+  //For One revolution per second
+  T1=1; //time period, s
+
+  //For one revolutions per 2 second
+  T2=2; //time period, s
+  
+//Computations
+f1=1/T1; //frequency, Hz
+f2=1/T2; //frequency, Hz
+f2_by_f1=f2/f1; //frequency ratio
+lambda2_by_lambda1=1/f2_by_f1; //wavelength ratio
+
+printf("The wavelength becomes %d times as long.",lambda2_by_lambda1)
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..335a53765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-2
+//Given
+lambda_1=500; //wavelength in first medium, nm
+c_2=2.00*10^8; //speed of light in second medium, m/s
+
+//Data assumed
+C_1=3.0*10^8; //speed of light in first medium. m/s
+
+//Computations
+ //As frequency does not change,
+ lambda_2=(c_2/C_1)*lambda_1; // wavelength in second medium, nm
+ 
+ printf("The wavelength in new medium is %d nm.",lambda_2)
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d08c8444
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-3
+//Degrees of phase between standing wave loop and adjacent node is to be found
+
+//Computations
+n_loops=2; //number of loops in standing-wave complete cycle
+n_nodes=2; //number of nodes in standing-wave complete cycle
+phi_cycle=360; //phase in a complete cycle, degrees
+
+phi=phi_cycle/(n_loops+n_nodes); //phase between loop and node, degrees
+
+printf("A standing-wave loop is %d degrees from adjacent node.",phi)
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ddf34be71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-4
+//Given
+f=500; // in Hz
+g=2.500; // in kHz
+
+//Computations
+x=g*1000-f; //in Hz
+y=g*1000+f;  //in Hz
+
+printf("The beat frequencies are:-\n x=%d Hz = %.2f kHz.\n y=%d Hz = %.2f kHz.",x,x/1000,y,y/1000)
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a528a49da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-5
+//Given
+lambda=550; //wavelength, nm
+
+//data assumed
+h=6.6262*10^-34 //value of Planck's constant,J-s
+c=2.99792*10^8; //speed of light, m/s
+
+//Computations
+e=h*c/(lambda*10^-9); //energy, J
+
+printf("The energy contained in the photon, e = %.2E J.",e)
diff --git a/3920/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce b/3920/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9db116c59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 17-6
+//Given
+e=1.000*10^-25; //energy, J
+
+//data assumed
+h=6.6262*10^-34 //value of Planck's constant,J-s
+c=2.99792*10^8; //speed of light, m/s
+
+//Computations
+lambda=h*c/e; //wavelength, m
+
+printf("The wavelength of the EM, lambda = %.4f m.",lambda)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d810e50a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-1
+//Given
+lambda=7400; //wavelength, angstron
+
+//Computations
+  //As f=c/lambda, c being speed of light = 2.99792*10^8 m/s
+f=2.99792*10^8/(7400*10^-10); // frequency, Hz
+
+printf("The frequency of the red laser beam, f = %.3E Hz = %.1f THz.", f,f/10^12)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d73775d00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-2
+//Given
+f=60.0000; //frequency, Hz
+
+//Computations
+ //using lambda- = c/f
+lambda=2.99792*10^8/f; // wavelength, m
+
+printf("The wavelength of the EM field produced in free space by ac in a common utility line is %.5E m.",lambda)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b5c103184
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-3
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b18dae6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-4
+//Given
+lambda=0.00100; //wavelength, nm
+
+//Data assumed
+h=6.62607*10^-34; //Planck's constant, J-s
+c=2.99792*10^8; //speed of light, m/s
+
+//Computations
+e=h*c/(lambda*10^-9); //energy, J
+
+printf("The energy contained in each photon of the gamma rays, e=%.2E J.",e)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..36c8d97be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-5
+//Given
+t_half=100; //half-life, days
+t=365; //time for which intensity is to be found, days
+
+//Computations
+n=t/t_half; //number of half-lives elapsed
+x_365_by_x_0=(1/2)^n;  //x_365/x_0
+
+printf("The intensity after 365 days, x_365 = %.4f x_0.",x_365_by_x_0)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.6/Ex18_6.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.6/Ex18_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a5fcfafc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.6/Ex18_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-6
+//Refer Problem 18-5
+//Given
+t_half=100; //half-life, days
+
+//Computations
+lambda=0.69315/(t_half*24*60*60); //decay constant, per sec
+
+printf("The decay constant, lambda = %.2E s^-1.",lambda)
diff --git a/3920/CH18/EX18.7/Ex18_7.sce b/3920/CH18/EX18.7/Ex18_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b16815354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH18/EX18.7/Ex18_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 18-7
+//Refer Problem 18-5
+//Given
+t_half=100; //half-life, days
+
+//Computations
+tau=t_half/0.69315; //mean life, days
+
+printf("The mean life of the substance, tau = %.2E s = approx. %d days.",tau*24*60*60,ceil(tau))
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..13fbdfffc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-1
+//Given
+r_m=1.50; //refractive index of the medium
+
+//Data assumed
+c=3.00*10^5; //speed of light in vaccum, km/s
+
+//Computations
+c_m=c/r_m; //speed of light in medium, km/s
+
+printf("The speed of yellow light in the medium, c_m = %.2E km/s.",c_m)
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e163b2b7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-2
+//Given
+r=1.33; //refractive index of water
+s=1.00; //refractive index of air
+x=30.0; //angle of incidence, in degrees
+
+//Computations
+y=asind(sind(x)*r/s); //angle of emergance, degrees
+
+printf("The beam will emerge at an angle y=%.1f degrees, relative to normal, into the air.",y)
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5398ac3ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-3
+//Refer Problem 19-2
+//Given
+r=1.33; //refractive index of water
+s=1.00; //refractive index of air
+
+//Computations
+x_c=asind(s/r); //critical angle, degrees
+
+printf("The critical angle, x_c = %.1f degrees.",x_c)
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eed7ed059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-4
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d99f4ce7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-5
+//Given
+D=15.0; //diameter of objective of larger telescope, cm
+d=6.00; //diameter of obective of smaller telescope, cm
+
+//Computations
+k=D/d; //ratio of objective's diameters
+
+printf("The larger telescope gathers %.2f times, or %d percent as much light as the smaller one.",k^2, k^2*100)
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81d23b9f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-6
+//Given
+m=100; //magnification
+f_e=20.0; //focal length of eye piece, mm
+
+//Computations
+f_o=m*f_e; //in mm
+
+printf("The focal length of the objective, f_o = %d mm = %.2f m.",f_o, f_o/1000) //The answer given in book in mm is wrong. It should be 2,000 instead of 1,000.
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..472d0bd2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-7
+//Refer Problem 19-6
+q20=20; //absolute field view with 20-mm eyepiece in arc minutes
+f_e1=20; //initial eye-piece focal length, mm
+f_e2=10; //replaced eye-piece focal length, mm
+
+//Computations
+ //As magnification, m = f_o / f_e, magnification is inversely proportional to f_e. Let m10 and m20 denotes the magnification with 10-mm and 20-mm eye-piece respectively. Then,
+m10_by_m20=f_e1/f_e2; // ratio of magnification
+//for same viewing angle,field of view is inversely proportional to magnification
+q10=(1/m10_by_m20)*q20; //absolute field view eith 10-mm eye-piece, arc minutes
+
+printf("The absolute field of view of the telescope using the %d-mm eyepiece is %.1f time as wide or %d arc minutes.",f_e2,1/m10_by_m20,q10)
diff --git a/3920/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce b/3920/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aee29330f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 19-8
+//Given
+m_o=10; //magnification of objective lens
+m_e=5; //magnification of eye-piece
+
+//Computations
+m=m_o*m_e;
+
+printf("The power of the instrument, m = %dX (times).",m)
diff --git a/3920/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce b/3920/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6dafabb3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 20-1
+
+//Data assumed
+c=3.00*10^5; //speed of radio signals, km/s
+d=4.0*10^5; //the distance between earth and moon, km
+
+//Computations
+t=d/c; //time taken by radio signal to travel from earth to moon, light-seconds
+
+printf("The clock M will be shifted approx. %.1f s ahead in time. \nThe clock E will be shifted %.1f s behind in time. \nWhen you get to the Moon, clock M will be approx. %.1f s ahead of clock E.", t,t,2*t)   //The answer may vary due to round-off errors.
diff --git a/3920/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce b/3920/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb882eebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 20-2
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce b/3920/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81d13a13b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 20-3
+//Given
+k=2.00; //time-dilation factor
+
+//data assumed
+c=2.99792*10^8; //speed of light, m/s
+
+//Computations
+u=sqrt(1-1/k^2);
+speed=u*c; //speed required, m/s
+
+printf("The necessary speed is %.1f percent of speed of light, or %.2E m/s.",u*100, speed)
diff --git a/3920/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce b/3920/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3323f531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 20-4
+//Given
+speed=2.40*10^8; //speed of ship, m/s
+l=19.5; //at-rest length of ship, m
+
+//data used
+c=3.00*10^8; //speed of light, m/s
+
+//Computations
+u=speed/c;
+L=sqrt(1-u^2); //apparent length of the ship as fraction of its length
+L_app=l*L; //apparent length of moving ship, m
+
+printf("The ship will look %.1f m long when it whizzes by at %.2E m/s.",L_app,speed)
diff --git a/3920/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce b/3920/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c1f9ecaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 20-5
+//Given
+mass=300; //mass of meteoroid, mg
+u_percent=99.9; //speed of space vessel as percentage of speed of light.
+
+//Computations
+u=u_percent/100;
+m=1/sqrt(1-u^2);
+m_app=m*mass; //apparent mass of meteoroid, mg
+
+printf("The apparent mass of the meteoroid when it strikes the vessel is %.2f grams(g).",m_app/1000)  //The answer may vary due to round-off errors.
diff --git a/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3970ada0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+//Refer Dependency codes QuadPointsPlot.sci and GraphSolveQL.sci 
+/***Caution:- Dependency code 'QuadPointsPlot.sci' must be executed first and then the dependency code 'GraphSolveQL.sci' should be executed***/
+
+//Example A , Page 55
+deff('[y]=f1(x)','y=x^2+2*x+1');
+funcprot(0)
+ //Comparing the given equation y=x^2+2*x+1 with y=a*x^2+b*x+c
+a=1;
+b=2;
+c=1;
+Rect1=[-5,-2,5,8]; //rect for axes in Graph
+printf("\nExample A, Page 55\n")
+printf("---------------------\n")
+printf("For the Equation y = x^2+2x+1\n ")
+QuadPointsPlot(a,b,c,f1,Rect1,0)
+xtitle("Fig. 3-6. Plot of the parabola y=x^2+2x+1.", "x","y")
+
+//Example B , Page 56
+deff('[y]=f2(x)','y=-2*x^2+4*x-5');
+funcprot(0)
+ //Comparing the given equation y=-2x^2+4*x-5 with y=a*x^2+b*x+c
+a=-2;
+b=4;
+c=-5;
+Rect2=[-5,-16,5,4]; //rect for axes in Graph.
+printf("\nExample B, Page 56\n")
+printf("---------------------\n")
+printf("For the Equation y = -2x^2+4x-5\n ")
+QuadPointsPlot(a,b,c,f2,Rect2,1)
+xtitle("Fig. 3-7. Plot of the parabola y=-2x^2+4x-5.", "x","y")
+
+//Example A, Page 59
+deff('[y]=f1(x)','y=x^2+2*x+1');
+funcprot(0)
+deff('[y]=g1(x)','y=-x+1')
+funcprot(0)
+printf("\nExample A, Page 59\n")
+printf("---------------------\n")
+GraphSolveQL(f1,g1,Rect1,2)
+xtitle("Fig. 3-9. Graphical method of solving equations y=x^2+2x+1 and y=-x+1.", "x","y")
+
+//Example B, Page 60
+deff('[y]=f2(x)','y=-2*x^2+4*x-5');
+funcprot(0)
+deff('[y]=g2(x)','y=-2*x-5')
+funcprot(0)
+printf("\nExample B, Page 60\n")
+printf("---------------------\n")
+GraphSolveQL(f2,g2,Rect2,3)
+xtitle("Fig. 3-10. Graphical method of solving equations y=-2x^2+2x-5 and y=-2x-5.", "x","y")
diff --git a/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_6_7.jpg b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_6_7.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8de7ecca0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_6_7.jpg
diff --git a/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_9_10.jpg b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_9_10.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a6ee307f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH3/EX3.1/Fig3_9_10.jpg
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..61564ab2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-1
+//Given
+f_GHz=5;  //Clock Frequency of microprocessor, GHz
+
+//Computations
+f_Hz=f_GHz*10^9;
+
+printf("The frequency is %1.0E Hz.", f_Hz)
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..63539a0a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-2
+//Given
+C_muF=0.001;  //Capacitance, microFarad
+
+///Computation
+C_F=C_muF*10^-6; //in Farad
+
+printf("The Capacitance is %1.0E F(Farad).",C_F)
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6725e42e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-3
+//Given
+I_mH=0.1;  //Inductor Value, mH
+
+///Computation
+I_muH=I_mH*10^3; //in microhenrys
+
+printf("%.1f mH = %.0f microhenrys(muH).",I_mH, I_muH)
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b61ea03e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-4
+//Given
+M_kg=63;  //Mass, kg
+
+///Computation
+M_lb=M_kg*2.205; //in pounds
+
+printf("The Mass is %.0f pounds.",M_lb)  //The answer may vary due to round off/ significant figures.
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..15a80a9b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-5
+//Given
+Speed_kmph=90;  //Posted speed limit, km/h
+
+///Computation
+Speed_miph=Speed_kmph*10^3*6.214*10^-4; //in miles/h
+
+printf("The speed limit is %.0f miles per hour(mi/h).",Speed_miph)
diff --git a/3920/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce b/3920/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25029fd86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 6-6
+//Refer to Problem 6-5
+//Given
+Speed_kmph=90;  //Posted speed limit, km/h
+
+///Computation
+Speed_ftps=Speed_kmph*10^3*3.281/3600; //in feet/sec
+
+printf("The speed limit is %.0f ft/s.",Speed_ftps)
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..877d3886c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-1
+//Theoretical Example - Involves No Calculations
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d436acd30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 7-10
+//Refer the graph in Fig.7.9
+//From the Graph
+t=10; //Time span in seconds
+v=abs(0-10); //change in speed, m/s
+
+//Computations
+a=v/t; //acceleration, m/s^2
+//As acceleration depicted by Curve A is constant
+a_avg=a;  //Average acceleration betweent=2s to t=8s, m/s^2
+
+printf("The average acceleration is a_avg = %.0f m/s^2.", a_avg)
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b29768a0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-11
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62a9ae7df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-12
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3199f419
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-13
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3d7795c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 7-14
+//Given
+m=10500; //mass of spacecraft, kg
+F=100000; //Force in direction of North star, N
+
+//Computations
+a=F/m; //acceleration, m/s^2
+
+printf("The acceleration is %.4f m/s^2 towards North Star.", a)
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..23ffa5aeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-15
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1416d4ecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-2
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ffc7cc19f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-3
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7c8caee47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 7-4
+//Refer the graph in Fig.7.5
+//From the Graph
+t=10; //Time span in seconds
+D=20; //Total Displacement, m
+
+//Computations
+V=D/t; //Speed, m/s
+//As speed by Curve A is constant
+V_inst=V;  //Instantaneous Speed at t=5s, m/s
+
+printf("The speed at t=5 s is V_inst = %.0f m/s.", V_inst)
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec6fb1575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 7-5
+//Refer the graph in Fig.7.5
+//From the Graph
+t=10; //Time span in seconds
+D=20; //Total Displacement, m
+
+//Computations
+V=D/t; //Speed, m/s
+//As speed by Curve A is constant
+V_avg=V;  //Average Speed betweent=3s to t=5s, m/s
+
+printf("The average speed is V_avg = %.0f m/s.", V_avg)
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..99c358616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-6
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd8e32fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-7
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c5e0453af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+// Problem 7-8
+//Theoretical Example - Involves no computation
diff --git a/3920/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce b/3920/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c2b3bc4b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 7-9
+//Refer the graph in Fig.7.9
+//From the Graph
+t=10; //Time span in seconds
+v=abs(0-10); //change in speed, m/s
+
+//Computations
+a=v/t; //acceleration, m/s^2
+//As acceleration depicted by Curve A is constant
+a_inst=a;  //Instantaneous acceleration at t=4s, m/s^2
+
+printf("The acceleration at t=4 s is a_inst = %.0f m/s^2.", a_inst)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..757ce67c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-1
+//Given
+m=2.0; //mass, kg
+v1=50; //Initial velocity in Northerly direction, m/s
+v2=25; //Final velocity in Northerly direction, m/s
+
+//Computations
+p1= m*v1; //original momentum, kg-m/s
+p2=m*v2; //Final Momentum, kg-m/s
+P=p2-p1; //Change in Momentum, kg-m/s
+
+printf(" The impulse is %.0f kg-m/s in Northerly direction or %.0f kg-m/s in Southerly direction.", P, -P)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..23146c3b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-2
+//Given
+m_a=1.60; //mass of train A, kg
+m_b=2.50; //mass of train B, kg
+v_a= +0.250; //velocity of train A (towards east), m/s
+v_b= -0.500; //velocity of train B (towards west), m/s
+
+//Computations
+p_a=m_a*v_a; //in kg-m/s
+p_b=m_b*v_b; //in kg-m/s
+p=p_a+p_b;  //in kg-m/s
+m=m_a+m_b;  //in kg
+v=p/m; //Velocity of composite train, m/s
+
+if v>0
+    printf("The composite train, after crash, will move east at %.3f m/s.",v)
+end
+
+if v<0
+    printf("The composite train, after crash, will move west at %.3f m/s.",-v)
+end
+
+if v==0
+    printf("The composite train, after the crash, is at rest.")
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..336734ce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-3
+//Given
+m_a=2.00; //mass of train A, kg
+m_b=1.00; //mass of train B, kg
+v_a= +0.250; //velocity of train A (towards east), m/s
+v_b= -0.500; //velocity of train B (towards west), m/s
+
+//Computations
+p_a=m_a*v_a; //in kg-m/s
+p_b=m_b*v_b; //in kg-m/s
+p=p_a+p_b;  //in kg-m/s
+m=m_a+m_b;  //in kg
+v=p/m; //Velocity of composite train, m/s
+
+if v>0
+    printf("The composite train, after crash, will move east at %.3f m/s.",v)
+end
+
+if v<0
+    printf("The composite train, after crash, will move west at %.3f m/s.",-v)
+end
+
+if v==0
+    printf("The composite train, after the crash, is at rest.")
+end
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b9d2baff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-4
+//Refer Fig.8-4
+//Given
+m=1.0;  //mass, kg
+a_g=9.8;  //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+q=1.5; //distance lifted, m
+
+//Computations
+F=m*a_g; // Force, kg-m/s^2
+w=F*q;   //Work, kg-m^2/s^2
+
+printf("The work done = %.0f kg-m^2/s^2.",w)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8f08d6615
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-5
+//Refer Fig.8-4
+//Given
+m=5.004;  //mass, kg
+a_g=9.8067;  //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+q=3.00; //distance lifted, m
+
+//Computations
+F=m*a_g; // Force, kg-m/s^2
+E_p=F*q;   //Potential Energy, J
+
+printf("The potential energy, E_p = %.1f J.",E_p)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4895c90e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-6
+//Refer Fig.8-4
+//Given
+m=1.0;  //mass, kg
+a_g=9.8;  //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+q=4.0; //distance raised, m
+
+//Computations
+F=m*a_g; // Force, kg-m/s^2
+E_k=F*q;   //Kinetic Energy, kg-m^2/s^2 (J)
+
+printf("The kinetic energy, E_k = %.0f J.",E_k)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..997052dd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-7
+//Refer Problem 8-6
+//Given
+m=1.0;  //mass, kg
+a_g=9.8;  //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+q=4.0; //distance lifted, m
+
+//Computations
+t=sqrt(2*q/a_g); ///time, s
+v_inst= a_g*t; //in m/s
+E_k=m*v_inst^2/2
+
+printf("The kinetic energy is %.0f kg-m^2/s^2 (J).",E_k)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91df54049
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-8
+//Given
+m=200;  //mass, kg
+a_g=9.8;  //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+q=2.50; //distance lifted, m
+t=7.00; //time, s
+
+//Computations
+P=m*a_g*q/t; //Power, W
+
+printf("The power required, P = %.0f W.",P)
diff --git a/3920/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce b/3920/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fbc69030d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 8-9
+//Refer Problem 8-8 and Fig. 8-6
+//Given
+P_in=800;  //Wattmeter Power reading, W
+P_out=700; //Power calculated in Problem 8-8, W
+
+//Computations
+Eff= (P_out/P_in)*100; //Efficiency in percent
+
+printf("The Efficiency is %.1f percent.",Eff) //The result may vary due to round off/significant figures.
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..db4738481
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-1
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..051eefc3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-2
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..80e79b078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-3
+//Theoretical Problem
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..569946a1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-4
+//Given
+m_m=1.00; //mass of  matter, kg
+m_am=1.00; //mass of anti-matter, kg
+c=3.00*10^8; //speed of light, m/s^2
+
+//Computations
+m_left=m_m-m_am; //matter left, kg
+
+if m_left>0
+    printf("%.2f kg of matter is left over.\n", m_left)
+end
+
+if m_left<0
+    printf("%.2f kg of anti-matter is left over.\n", -m_left)
+end
+
+if m_left==0
+    printf("No matter or antimatter is left over.\n")
+end
+
+m=m_m+m_am-abs(m_left);  //in kg
+E=m*c^2; //Einstein mass-energy formula, Energy in joules(J)
+
+printf("The Energy, E = %.2E J.",E)
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..caa9fb178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-5
+//Refer Problem 9-4
+//Given
+P=100; //Power of the bulb, W
+E=1.80*10^17;  //Energy calculated in Problem 9-4, J
+
+//Computations
+t_s=E/P; //time, s
+t_yr=t_s/(60*60*24*365.25); //time, years
+
+
+printf("The light bulb burns %.2E yr.",t_yr)
diff --git a/3920/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce b/3920/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f983279e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+clc;
+clear;
+//Problem 9-6
+//Refer Problem 9-4
+//Given
+m_m=2.00; //mass of  matter, kg
+m_am=1.00; //mass of anti-matter, kg
+c=3.00*10^8; //speed of light, m/s^2
+
+//Computations
+m_left=m_m-m_am; //matter left, kg
+
+if m_left>0
+    printf("%.2f kg of matter is left over.\n", m_left)
+end
+
+if m_left<0
+    printf("%.2f kg of anti-matter is left over.\n", -m_left)
+end
+
+if m_left==0
+    printf("No matter or antimatter is left over.\n")
+end
+
+m=m_m+m_am-abs(m_left);  //mass of matter-antimatter interaction,in kg
+E=m*c^2; //Einstein mass-energy formula, Energy in joules(J)
+
+printf("The Energy liberated, E = %.2E J.",E)
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig10_4.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig10_4.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28a0b8ac3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig10_4.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_10.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_10.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa7978f17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_10.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_11.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_11.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..571c15a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_11.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_12.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_12.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bfcd7d00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_12.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_13.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_13.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..840863dfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_13.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_14.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_14.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..780b56023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_14.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_8.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_8.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cefd3815e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_8.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_9.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_9.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..86a23ba32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig12_9.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig13_5.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig13_5.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d6ee6284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig13_5.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig17_1.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig17_1.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2dde8b557
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig17_1.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_5.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_5.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a08317511
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_5.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_9.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_9.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..504057a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig7_9.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_4.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_4.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ad4cc982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_4.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_6.png b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_6.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60f30d952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/Fig8_6.png
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/GraphSolveQL.sci b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/GraphSolveQL.sci
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..01f30fec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/GraphSolveQL.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+//Function for Graphical Solution of a quadratic and a linear equation (To plot the Graph and find solution).
+/* Caution:- To be executed after QuadPointsPlot.sci is executed*/
+//The function is used in Example A, page 59 and Example B, page 60 of Chapter 3.
+function GraphSolveQL(f,g,gRect,gWindow)
+    // f is function for the Quadratic Equation and g is function for the linear Equation
+    // gRect is range for axis on Graph and gWindow is graphic window number.
+  scf(gWindow);
+  clf();
+x=linspace(gRect(1),gRect(3),10000);
+
+//plotting the graph of Quadratic Equation,
+plot2d(x,f(x),rect=gRect)
+
+//plotting the graph of Linear Equation
+plot2d(x,g(x),rect=gRect)
+
+//setting axis to origin
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+a.y_location="origin";
+
+//Finding the solutipn(s)
+//As it is clear from the equations, the graph will have two points of intersection i.e. the equations will have two solutions.
+n=0; //no. of solution found
+
+for i=-100:100
+    if (f(i)==g(i) && n==0)
+        x1=i;
+        y1=g(i);
+        n=n+1;
+    
+    elseif (f(i)==g(i) && n==1)
+        x2=i;
+        y2=g(i);
+        n=n+1;
+    end
+end
+
+//checking if both the solutions are found
+if n~=2
+   printf("%d solution(s) is/are found. %d Solution(s) is/are missing. Increase the range of iteration.",n,2-n)
+end
+printf("The coordinates of the points corresponding to the solutions are \n")
+ printf("(%d,%d)\n",x1,y1)
+ printf("(%d,%d).\n",x2,y2)
+
+endfunction
diff --git a/3920/DEPENDENCIES/QuadPointsPlot.sci b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/QuadPointsPlot.sci
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e6ec951fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3920/DEPENDENCIES/QuadPointsPlot.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Coded with Scilab 6.0.1 on Linux Mint 19
+//Function to Find Points and plot the graph of a Quadratic Equation.
+/* Caution:- To be executed before GraphSolveQL.sci is executed*/
+//The function is used in Example A, Page 55 and Example B, Page 56 of Chapter 3.
+clear;
+function QuadPointsPlot(A,B,C,f,gRect,gWindow)
+  // A,B,C are coefficients in the equation given and f is the function defined for the equation.
+  // gRect is range for axis on Graph and gWindow is graphic window number.
+    x_0=-B/(2*A);
+    y_0=C-B^2/(4*A);
+    printf("The known points are:-\n ")
+    printf("(x_0,y_0) = (%d,%d)\n ",x_0,y_0)
+    printf("(x_-2,y_-2) = (%d,%d)\n ",x_0-2,f(x_0-2))
+    printf("(x_-1,y_-1) = (%d,%d)\n ",x_0-1,f(x_0-1))
+    printf("(x_1,y_1) = (%d,%d)\n ",x_0+1,f(x_0+1))
+    printf("(x_2,y_2) = (%d,%d)\n",x_0+2,f(x_0+2))
+  x=[x_0-2, x_0-1, x_0, x_0+1, x_0+2];
+  y=[f(x_0-2), f(x_0-1), f(x_0), f(x_0+1), f(x_0+2)]
+
+  scf(gWindow)
+  clf()
+  plot2d(x,y,style=-9,rect=gRect) //plotting the points
+  X=linspace(gRect(1),gRect(3),1000)
+  plot2d(X,A*X^2+B*X+C,rect=gRect)  //plotting the parabola
+//setting axis to origin
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+a.y_location="origin";
+endfunction
diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e7b61900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Example 2.1, Page Number 16

+//Resistance of a Wire

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+roh = 1.7*(10^-8)       //Resistivity of copper wire in ohm-metre.

+D=(10^-3)      //Diameter of copper wire in metres.

+rad=((D)/(2))      //Radius of copper wire in metres.

+L=10     //Length of copper wire in metres.

+

+//Outputs

+A=(3.14)*(rad^2)      //Cross-sectional area of copper wire in metre-square

+Rt=((roh*L)/(A))        //Total resistance of copper wire in ohm

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Cross-sectional area of copper wire: %.10f metre-square\n",A);

+mprintf("Total wire resistance of copper wire is: %.5f ohm",Rt);

+

+//Outputs

+//Cross-sectional area of copper wire: 0.0000007850 metre-square (or) (7.8)*(10^-7) metre-square

+//Total wire resistance of copper wire is: 0.21656 ohm

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e4819b92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Example 2.2, Page Number 18

+//Resistance Color Codes

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Colour bands:a = green, b =  brown, c = red, and tol = gold

+//a=5            Green colour code

+//b=1              Brown colour code

+c=2             //Red colour code

+ab=51

+tol=(0.05*((ab)*(10^c)))            //Tolerence band for given colour codes.

+

+//Outputs

+R_max=((ab)*(10^c))+tol      //Maximum resistance of given colour codes in ohms

+R_min=((ab)*(10^c))-tol      //Minimum resistance of given colour codes in ohms

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Maximum resistance: %.5f ohms\n",R_max);

+mprintf("Minimum resistance: %.5f ohms",R_min);

+

+//Outputs

+//Maximum resistance: 5355.00000 ohms

+//Minimum resistance: 4845.00000 ohms

+

+//Final answers in the solution of the book are rounded off.

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35955ffe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Example 2.3, Page Number 23

+//Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+Vin=10          //Input voltage in volts

+Res=1000              //Resistance in ohms

+

+//Outputs

+//By Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

+Vr=Vin               //Load Voltage across the load resistance in volts

+//By ohms law

+I=(Vr)/(Res)        //Load current flowing through load resistance in amperes

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Load current flowing through load resistance: %.5f ampere\n",I);

+

+//Outputs

+// Load current flowing through load resistance: 0.01000 ampere (or) 10mA.

+

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.xcos b/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35fe7cd5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+<XcosDiagram debugLevel="0" finalIntegrationTime="100000.0" integratorAbsoluteTolerance="1.0E-6" integratorRelativeTolerance="1.0E-6" toleranceOnTime="1.0E-10" maxIntegrationTimeInterval="100001.0" maximumStepSize="0.0" realTimeScaling="0.0" solver="1.0" background="-1" gridEnabled="1" title="Ex2_3"><!--Xcos - 2.0 - scilab-6.0.1 - 20180215 0947-->
+  <Array as="context" scilabClass="String[]"></Array>
+  <mxGraphModel as="model">
+    <root>
+      <mxCell id="0:1:0"/>
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+        </ScilabString>
+        <ScilabDouble as="realParameters" height="1" width="1">
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f929aeae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+//Example 2.4, Page Number 28

+//Circuit Analysis

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Given resistances in circuit:

+R1=1000              //Resistance in ohms

+R2=2000              //Resistance in ohms

+R3=3000              //Resistance in ohms

+R4=4000              //Resistance in ohms

+R5=5000              //Resistance in ohms

+R6=6000              //Resistance in ohms

+//Given voltage sources in circuit:

+V1=10                 //Voltage source in volts

+V2=20                 //Voltage source in volts

+

+//Solving given resistances into an equivalent circuit:

+//Outputs

+//Resistors R2 and R4 are in series,with an equivalent resistance of(R2+R4),and this is in parallel with resistor R3

+R234=(((R2+R4)*(R3))/((R2+R4)+R3))      //Equivalent resistance of R2,R3,R4 in ohms

+R56=((R5*R6)/(R5+R6))      //Equivalent resistance of R5,R6 in ohms

+//Applying KVL in left loop:

+Iout=(V1/R1)                  //Current through resistance R1 in amperes

+//Voltage drop across resistance R234 determined from Voltage division rule in the assumed current direction of I234 throiugh R234:

+V234=((V1-V2)*((R234)/(R234+R56)))        //Voltage across resistance R234 in volts

+//The desired output voltage Vout calculated from V1 and voltage drop V234 across R234 resistance is :

+Vout=((V1)-(V234))             //Desired output voltage to be calculated in volts

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Equivalent resistance of R2,R3,R4: %.5f ohms\n",R234);

+mprintf("Equivalent resistance of R5,R6 : %.5f ohms\n",R56);

+mprintf("Current through resistance R1: %.5f ampere\n",Iout);

+mprintf("Voltage across resistance R234: %.5f volts\n",V234);

+mprintf("Desired output voltage to be calculated: %.5f volts\n",Vout);

+

+//Outputs

+//Equivalent resistance of R2,R3,R4: 2000.00000 ohms

+//Equivalent resistance of R5,R6 : 2727.27273 ohms

+//Current through resistance R1: 0.01000 ampere

+//Voltage across resistance R234: -4.23077 volts

+//Desired output voltage to be calculated: 14.23077 volts

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4_a.xcos b/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4_a.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f0ce4a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4_a.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,922 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4_b.xcos b/3935/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4_b.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..15b149c41
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..87c16469a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Example 2.5, Page Number 34

+//Input and Output Impedance

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Given parameters of the circuit:

+Vs=10              //Given source voltage in volts

+R1=1000               //Resistance in ohms

+R2=1000               //Resistance in ohms

+Zin=1*(10^6)            //Input impedence of voltmeter in ohms

+Zout=50            //Output impedence of voltage source in ohms

+

+//Outputs

+Req=((R1*R2)/(R1+R2))     //Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1 and R2 in ohms

+R_eq=(((Req*Zin)/(Req+Zin))+Zout)          //Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1,input impedence of voltmeter Zin and output impedence of voltage source Zout in ohms

+Vm=(((R_eq-Zout)/(R_eq))*(Vs))          //Actual voltage Vm measured by voltmeter in volts

+//The measured voltage Vm equals Vs for Zin=infinty and Zout=0.

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1 and R2: %.5f ohms\n",Req);

+mprintf("Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1,input impedence of voltmeter Zin and output impedence of voltage source Zout: %.5f ohms\n",R_eq);

+mprintf("Actual voltage Vm measured by voltmeter: %.5f volts\n",Vm);

+

+//Outputs

+//Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1 and R2: 500.00000 ohms

+//Equivalent resistance due to resistance R1,input impedence of voltmeter Zin and output impedence of voltage source Zout: 549.75012 ohms

+//Actual voltage Vm measured by voltmeter: 9.09050 volts

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.xcos b/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..966e252d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,1935 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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+  <Array as="context" scilabClass="String[]"></Array>
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+        </ScilabString>
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diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..65cd84478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//Example 2.6, Page Number 38

+//AC Signal Parameters

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//V(t)=5.sin(t−1)              Input Voltage in volts

+ 

+//Outputs

+Vm=5.0     //Signal amplitude in volts

+w=1         //Signal radian frequency in radian per second

+f=((w)/(2*3.14))          //Signal frequency in hertz

+phi=-1          //Phase angle of the given input signal in radian

+phi_deg=((180)/(3.14)*(phi))       //Phase angle in degrees

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Signal amplitude: %.5f volts\n",Vm);

+mprintf("Signal radian frequency: %.5f rad/sec\n",w);

+mprintf("Signal frequency: %.5f hertz\n",f);

+mprintf("Phase angle of the given input signal: %.5f radians\n",phi);

+mprintf("Phase angle: %.5f degrees\n",phi_deg);

+

+//Outputs

+//Signal amplitude: 5.00000 volts

+//Signal radian frequency: 1.00000 rad/sec

+//Signal frequency: 0.15924 hertz

+//Phase angle of the given input signal: -1.00000 radians

+//Phase angle: -57.32484 degrees

+

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce b/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fc81a9fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//Example 2.7, Page Number 42

+//AC Circuit Analysis

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+R1=1000                            //Resistance in ohms

+R2=3000                            //Resistance in ohms

+C=0.2*(10^-6)                    //Capacitance  in farads

+L=0.5                     //Inductance in henry 

+//Vin=5*cos(3000*t+(pi/2))         Input Voltage in volts

+//From the given input signal we can derive below parameters:

+w=3000             //Input signal radian frequency in radian per second

+

+//Outputs

+Vin=(5*%i)                 //Input signal in rectangular form with signal amplitude of 5V and phase of 90 degrees in volts

+Zc=(((-1)/(w*C))*(%i))        //Complex form of the capacitor impedance in ohms

+Zl=(((w*L))*(%i))        //Complex form of the capacitor impedance in ohms

+R2_Zl=((R2)+(Zl))           //Complex form of combined impedence of R2 and Zl in ohms

+R2_Zl_Zc=(((R2_Zl)*(Zc))/(R2_Zl+Zc))           //Complex form of combined impedance of parallel combination of R2_Zl and Zc in ohms

+Zeq=((R2_Zl_Zc)+(R1))                        //Complex form of equivalent impedance of the entire circuit in ohms 

+I1=(Vin/Zeq)                     //Current through R1 resistance in amperes

+[mag0,phase0]=polar(I1)                      //Polar form of current I1 with magnitude in amperes and phase in radian

+

+//Using current divison rule:

+I=(((R2+Zl)/((R2+Zl)+Zc))*(I1))           //Current through capacitor in amperes

+[mag1,phase1]=polar(I)                      //Polar form of current I with magnitude in amperes and phase in radian

+

+//so the capacitor current leads the input reference by 159.8 or 2.789 rad, and the resulting current is 

+//I(t)=2.22cos(3000t+2.789)mA

+

+//Results

+disp(Vin,"Input signal in rectangular form in volts:");

+disp(Zc,"Complex form of the capacitor impedance in ohms:");

+disp(Zl,"Complex form of the inductance impedance in ohms:");

+disp(R2_Zl,"Complex form of combined impedence of R2 and Zl in ohms:");

+disp(R2_Zl_Zc,"Complex form of combined impedance of parallel combination of R2_Zl and Zc in ohms:");

+disp(Zeq,"Complex form of equivalent impedance of the entire circuit in amperes:");

+disp(I1,"Current through R1 resistance in amperes:");

+disp(I,"Current through capacitor in amperes:");

+disp(mag0,"Polar form of current I1 with magnitude in amperes:");

+disp(phase0,"Polar form of current I1 with phase in radian:");

+disp(mag1,"Polar form of current I with magnitude in amperes:");

+disp(phase1,"Polar form of current I with phase in radian:");

+printf("Resulting current in amperes:0.0022224*cos(3000*t+ 2.7886023) amperes")

+

+//Outputs

+// Complex form of the inductance impedance in ohms:1500.i 

+//Complex form of combined impedence of R2 and Zl in ohms:3000. + 1500.i

+//Complex form of combined impedance of parallel combination of R2_Zl and Zc in ohms:923.07692 - 1615.3846i

+//Complex form of equivalent impedance of the entire circuit in amperes:1923.0769 - 1615.3846i

+//Current through R1 resistance in amperes:-0.0012805 + 0.0015244i

+//Current through capacitor in amperes:-0.0020854 + 0.0007683i

+//Polar form of current I1 with magnitude in amperes:0.0019908  

+//Polar form of current I1 with phase in radian:2.2694562

+//Polar form of current I with magnitude in amperes:0.0022224  

+//Polar form of current I with phase in radian:2.7886023  

+//Resulting current in amperes:0.0022224*cos(3000*t+ 2.7886023) amperes

+

+

+

+//Phase angles of polar forms are in radian.

diff --git a/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.xcos b/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..55b5f481c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,569 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3935/CH3/EX3.1design/Ex_design_3_1.sce b/3935/CH3/EX3.1design/Ex_design_3_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3dae6cf65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH3/EX3.1design/Ex_design_3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Design Example 3.1, Page Number 84

+//Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Design

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+Rl_max=240        //Maximum load resistance in ohms

+Pz_max=1               //Maximum power rating of the zener diode in watts

+Vin=24       //Nominal input voltage in volts'

+Vz=15              //Zener breakdown voltage in volts

+ 

+//Outputs

+R_min=(((Vin-Vz)/(Pz_max+((Vz^2)/(Rl_max))))*(Vz))         //Minimum required current-limiting resistance in ohms

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Minimum required current-limiting resistance: %.5f ohms\n",R_min);

+//The closest acceptable standard resistance value is 75 ohms

+

+//Outputs

+//Minimum required current-limiting resistance: 69.67742 ohms

diff --git a/3935/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce b/3935/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d11f973f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//Example 3.2, Page Number 83

+//Zener Regulation Performance

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+Vin_min=20          //Minimum input voltage in volts

+Vin_max=30             //Maximum input voltage in volts

+Vz=15                 //Zener breakdown voltage in volts

+P_dissp=1              //Maximum power rating of zener diode in watts

+Rd=14              //Zener dynamic resistance in ohms

+Delta_Vin=(Vin_max-Vin_min)             //Input voltage range in volts

+

+//Outputs

+//To limit the maximum power dissipation to less than 1W, the current through the diode must be limited to:

+Iz_max=((P_dissp)/(Vz))            //Maximum zener current through zener diode in amperes

+R_min=((Vin_max-Vz)/(Iz_max))         //Minimum load resistance for keeping the zener diode in breakdown region in ohms 

+//The closest acceptable standard resistance value is 240 

+R_min_practical=240                    //Minimum load resistance for keeping the zener diode in breakdown region in ohms 

+Delta_Vout=(((Rd)/(Rd+R_min_practical))*(Delta_Vin))     //Output voltage range in volts

+//When zener diode is in breakdown region Vout=Vz.

+Volt_reg=((Delta_Vout)/(Vz))*100         //Voltage regulation percentage

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Maximum zener current through zener diode: %.5f ampere\n",Iz_max);

+mprintf("Minimum load resistance for keeping the zener diode in breakdown region: %.5f ohms\n",R_min);

+mprintf("Output voltage range: %.5f volts\n",Delta_Vout);

+mprintf("Voltage regulation percentage: %.5f \n",Volt_reg);

+

+//Outputs

+//Maximum zener current through zener diode: 0.06667 ampere

+//Minimum load resistance for keeping the zener diode in breakdown region: 225.00000 ohms

+//Output voltage range: 0.55118 volts

+////Voltage regulation percentage: 3.6745

diff --git a/3935/CH3/EX3.2design/Ex_design_3_2.sce b/3935/CH3/EX3.2design/Ex_design_3_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..294d4846e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH3/EX3.2design/Ex_design_3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//Design Example 3.2, Page Number 98

+//LED Switch

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+Vout_min=0            //Output minimum voltage in volts

+Vout_max=5            //Output maximum voltage in volts

+Vcc=5               //DC supply voltage in volts

+Iout_max=5*(10^-3)         //Maximum output current in amperes

+Vbe=0.7                    //Base-Emitter voltage in volts

+Vce=0.2                    //Collector-Emitter voltage in volts

+Rc=100             //Collector resistance in ohms 

+Rb=10*(10^3)             //Base resistance in ohms 

+//The LED requires 20–40 mA to provide a bright display.

+Vf_drop=2             //Forward bias voltage drop of LED in volts

+ 

+//Outputs

+//When the digital output is 0V,the transistor is in cutoff:

+Ib_cutoff=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rb                      //Base current when transistor is in cutoff in amperes

+//When the digital output is 5V,the transistor is in saturation:

+Ic_sat=(Vcc-Vf_drop-Vce)/Rc                  //Collector current when transistor is in saturation in amperes

+//The 100 ohm collector resistance limits the LED current to a value within the desired range for the LED to be bright (20–40) mA

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Base current when transistor is in cutoff: %.5f amperes\n",Ib_cutoff);

+mprintf("Collector current when transistor is in saturation: %.5f amperes\n",Ic_sat);

+

+//Outputs

+//Base current when transistor is in cutoff: 0.00043 amperes

+//Collector current when transistor is in saturation: 0.02800 amperes

+

+

+

+ 

diff --git a/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce b/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8ebda0a9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//Example 3.4, Page Number 94

+//Guaranteeing That a Transistor Is in Saturation

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+Ic_max=200*(10^-3)               //Maximum collector current in amperes

+Vce_sat=0.2                     //Collector-Emitter saturation current in volts

+Beta=100           //Common emitter DC current gain 

+Vcc=10                  //DC supply voltage in volts 

+Vbe=0.7               //Base-Emitter saturation current in volts

+Rb=10*(10^3)            //Base resistor in ohms

+Rc=(10^3)            //Collector resistor in ohms

+ 

+//Outputs

+Ic=(Vcc-Ic_max)/Rc               //Collector current in amperes

+//Because the DC current gain hFE(Beta) is about 100,Ib must be at least Ic/100 or 0.098mA.Because Vbe=0.7 V

+Ib=(Ic/100)                     //Base current in amperes

+//Base current can be related to the input voltage as: 

+Vin_min=(Ib*Rb)+Vbe             //Minimum input voltage required for saturation in volts

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Minimum input voltage required for saturation: %.5f volts\n",Vin_min);

+

+

+//Outputs

+// Minimum input voltage required for saturation: 1.68000 volts

+

+

+

+//Normally you would use a voltage larger than this (e.g., 2 to 5 times larger) to ensure that the transistor is fully saturated, even with variances in parameters.

+ 

diff --git a/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.xcos b/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d74dfe99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3935/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/3935/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e1b277089
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//Example 6.1, Page Number 200

+//Binary Arithmetic 

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Binary to decimal conversion

+a=bin2dec('1001')        //Binary input for addition

+b=bin2dec('0011')        //Binary input for additiom

+u=bin2dec('1001')        //Binary input for multiplication

+v=bin2dec('0011')           //Binary input for multiplication

+

+//Outputs

+c=a+b                 //Addition of given numbers

+d=dec2bin(c)           //Decimal to binary conversion

+w=u*v                //Multiplication of given numbers

+x=dec2bin(w)           //Decimal to binary conversion

+

+//Results

+disp('Addition of the given binary numbers: ')

+disp(d)

+disp('Multiplication of the given binary numbers: ')

+disp(x)

+

+//Outputs

+//Addition of the given binary numbers: 1100

+

+//Multiplication of the given binary numbers: 11011

+

+

+

diff --git a/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..008dad99b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+//Example 6.2, Page Number 204

+//Combinational Logic

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Binary to decimal conversion

+A=[0;0;0;0;1;1;1;1]       //Binary input A

+B=[0;0;1;1;0;0;1;1]       //Binary input B

+C=[0;1;0;1;0;1;0;1]       //Binary input C

+

+//Outputs

+Z=bitcmp(C,1)                        //Bit compliment of input C

+D=bitand(A,B)                          //AND operation of inputs A,B

+E=bitor(D,Z)                           //OR operation of D and Z(Compliment of C)

+F=bitcmp((bitand(E,Z)),1)             //NAND operation of E and Z(Compliment of C)

+

+//Results

+disp('Input A')

+disp("  A")

+disp(A)

+disp('Input B')

+disp("  B")

+disp(B)

+disp('Input C')

+disp("  C")

+disp(C)

+disp('AND operation of inputs A,B:')

+disp("  D")

+disp(D)

+disp('OR operation of D and Z(Compliment of C):')

+disp("  E")

+disp(E)

+disp('NAND operation of E and Z(Compliment of C):')

+disp("  F")

+disp(F)

+

+//Outputs

+ 

+//Input A      Input B    Input C    AND operation of inputs A,B:      OR operation of D and Z(Compliment of C):        NAND operation of E and Z(Compliment of C):

+

+// A              B           C                 D                                      E                                                     F                       

+// 0.             0           0                 0                                      1                                                     0                                      

+// 0.             0           1                 0                                      0                                                     1                       

+// 0.             1           0                 0                                      1                                                     0                       

+// 0.             1           1                 0                                      0                                                     1                       

+// 1.             0           0                 0                                      1                                                     0                       

+// 1.             0           1                 0                                      0                                                     1                       

+// 1.             1           0                 1                                      1                                                     0                       

+// 1.             1           1                 1                                      1                                                     1                       

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.xcos b/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.xcos
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..633a909ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.xcos
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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+  <Array as="context" scilabClass="String[]">
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+            <mxPoint x="270.0" y="60.0"/>
+            <mxPoint x="270.0" y="120.0"/>
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+      </ExplicitLink>
+      <ExplicitLink id="-123277ed:16a59edc0a5:-7f66" parent="0:2:0" source="-123277ed:16a59edc0a5:-7f62" target="-123277ed:16a59edc0a5:-7f6b" style="ExplicitLink" value="">
+        <mxGeometry as="geometry">
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+        <mxGeometry as="geometry">
+          <mxPoint as="sourcePoint" x="0.0" y="0.0"/>
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3935/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/3935/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5aff24076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//Example 6.3, Page Number 207

+//Simplifying a Boolean Expression

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Given boolean expression:

+//X=(A.B.C)+(B.C)+(A'.B)

+

+//Outputs

+//Results

+disp("Given boolean expression:")

+disp('X=(A.B.C)+(B.C)+(A''B)')

+disp("The above equation can be rewritten using the associative law and the fundamental law as Z.1=Z")

+disp('X=A.(B.C)+1.(B.C)+(A''B)')

+disp("Using distributive law")

+disp('X=(A+1).(B.C)+(A''B)')

+disp('X=(B.C)+(A''B)')

+disp("Because A+1=1 and 1.(B.C )=B·C")

+disp("Furthermore, using the associative and distributive laws")

+disp('X=B.(C+A'')')

+

+//Outputs

+// Given boolean expression:

+//X=(A.B.C)+(B.C)+(A'B)

+//The above equation can be rewritten using the associative law and the fundamental law as Z.1=Z

+//X=A.(B.C)+1.(B.C)+(A'B)

+//Using distributive law

+//X=(A+1).(B.C)+(A'B)

+//X=(B.C)+(A'B)

+//Because A+1=1 and 1.(B.C )=B·C

+//Furthermore, using the associative and distributive laws

+//X=B.(C+A')

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/3935/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/3935/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0939a7978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+//Example 6.4, Page Number 212

+//Sum of Products and Product of Sums

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//Given inputs

+A=[0;0;1;1]            //Input A

+B=[0;1;0;1]             //Input B

+

+//Outputs

+S=bitxor(A,B)               //Sum of A and B

+C=bitand(A,B)                          //Carry of A and B

+

+//Results

+disp("Input A")

+disp(A)

+disp("Input B")

+disp(B)

+disp("Sum of A and B:")

+disp(S)

+disp("Carry of A and B")

+disp(C)

+disp('The sum-of-products method applied to output S yields:')

+disp('S=(A''+B)+(A+B'')')

+disp('The product-of-sums method applied to output S yields:')

+disp('S=(A+B).(A''+B'')')

+disp('The sum-of-products method applied to output C yields:')

+disp('C=A.B')

+disp('The product-of-sums method applied to output C yields:')

+disp('C=(A+B).(A+''B).(A''+B'')')

+

+//Outputs

+ 

+//Input A                 Input B            Sum of A and B:               Carry of A and B

+// 0                        0                      0                           0          

+// 0                        1                      1                           0          .

+// 1.                       0                      1                           0           

+// 1.                       1                      0                           1           

+

+//The sum-of-products method applied to output S yields:

+//S=(A'+B)+(A+B')

+//The product-of-sums method applied to output S yields:

+//S=(A+B).(A'+B')

+//The sum-of-products method applied to output C yields:

+//C=A.B

+//The product-of-sums method applied to output C yields:

+//C=(A+B).(A+'B).(A'+B')

+

+

+//If we use the product-of-sums result for S and the sum-of-products result for C,we obtain a circuit using the fewest number of gates

+

diff --git a/3935/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce b/3935/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4538776c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Example 8.2, Page Number 355

+//Aperture Time

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+n=10                    //No of bit resolution

+BW=10*(10^3)                //Bandwidth of signal in hertz

+ 

+//Outputs

+N=(2^n)               //Number of output states

+delta_Ta=(2/(N*2*3.14*BW))            //Aperture time in seconds

+Ts=((1/(2*BW)))                    //Minimum sampling rate in seconds

+ 

+//Results

+mprintf("Number of output states: %.5f\n",N);

+mprintf("Aperture time: %.13f seconds\n",delta_Ta);

+mprintf("Minimum sampling rate: %.6f seconds\n",Ts);

+

+//Outputs

+//Number of output states: 1024.00000

+//Aperture time: 0.0000000311007 seconds (or) 31.100nanoseconds

+//Minimum sampling rate: 0.000050 seconds (or) 50 microseconds

+

+

+//Even for this low-resolution converter,the required aperture time (32 nsec) is much smaller than the required sample period (50,000 nsec). 

+ 

diff --git a/3935/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce b/3935/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a60fa1b7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Example 9.1, Page Number 395

+//Strain Gage Resistance Changes

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+R=120                    //Strain gage in ohms

+F=2                //Gage factor

+strain=100*(10^-6)           //Strain experienced by gage 

+ 

+//Outputs

+R_change=R*F*strain             //Resistance of the gage change from the unloaded state to the loaded state in ohms

+

+//Results

+mprintf("Resistance of the gage change from the unloaded state to the loaded state: %.5f ohms\n",R_change);

+

+

+//Outputs

+//Resistance of the gage change from the unloaded state to the loaded state: 0.02400 ohms

+

diff --git a/3935/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/3935/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fc6a6a540
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3935/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//Example 9.2,Page Number 413

+//Thermocouple Configuration with Nonstandard Reference

+clc;

+

+//Inputs

+//A standard two-junction thermocouple configuration is being used to measure the temperature in a wind tunnel.

+//The reference junction is held at a constant temperature of 10 Celsius.

+//We have only a thermocouple table referenced to 0 Celsius .

+Junc_Temp=[0;10;20;30;40;50;60;70;80;90;100]               //Junction temperature in celsius

+V_out=[0;0.507;1.019;1.536;2.058;2.585;3.115;3.649;4.186;4.725;5.268]              //Output voltages in millivolts

+V_100_to_0=5.268*(10^-3)                   //Voltage measured for a temperature of 100 Celsius relative to a reference junction at 0 Celsius in volts

+V_10_to_10=0.507*(10^-3)                   //Voltage measured for a temperature of 10 Celsius relative to a reference junction at 10 Celsius in volts

+ 

+//Outputs

+//By law of intermediate temperature:

+V_100_to_10= (V_100_to_0)-(V_10_to_10)        //Voltage measured for a temperature of 100 Celsius relative to a reference junction at 10 Celsius in volts

+  

+//Results

+disp('Junction temperature in celsius list')

+disp(Junc_Temp)

+disp('Output voltages in millivolts list')

+disp(V_out)

+

+mprintf("Voltage measured for a temperature of 100 Celsius relative to a reference junction at 10 Celsius: %.5f volts\n",V_100_to_10);

+

+

+//Outputs

+//Junction temperature in celsius list          Output voltages in millivolts list

+

+//    0                                                      0                   

+//   10                                                    0.507                    

+//   20                                                    1.019                  

+//   30                                                    1.536                  

+//   40                                                    2.058                   

+//   50                                                    2.585                  

+//   60                                                    3.115                  

+//   70                                                    3.649                  

+//   80                                                    4.186                   

+//   90                                                    4.725                   

+//  100                                                    5.268                     

+//Voltage measured for a temperature of 100 Celsius relative to a reference junction at 10 Celsius: 0.00476 volts (or) 4.76 millivolts

+

diff --git a/3939/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3939/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3b4e37cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 10.1

+// Given that

+R_a = 0.003 // Surface finish in micro meter

+K_reone = 10 // Minor cutting edge angle (ECEA) in degrees

+K_re = 20 // Lead angleof the tool (SCEA) in degrees

+alpha  = K_re+K_reone

+f = 4*R_a*(cotd(90 - alpha)+ cotd(K_reone))  // Feed

+f_max = f/1.4  // Maximum feed

+printf("The Maximum feed = %.3f mm",f_max)

diff --git a/3939/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3939/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed69f4e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 10.2

+// Given that

+R_a = 0.001 // Surface finish in micro meter

+f = 0.1 // Feed in mm/rev

+r_n = (0.0321*f^2)/R_a  // Average Geometric roughness from Eq.10.10

+printf("The Average Geometric roughness = %.3f mm",r_n)

diff --git a/3939/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce b/3939/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed64b0eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 13.2

+// Given that

+L = 200 // Length of the bar in mm

+L_e = 2 // Approach length in mm assumed

+L_t = 80

+f_rapid = 6000 // Feed in mm/min from the Table 13.1

+C_o = 1 // it was given 60$/h from the Table 13.1, when convert to min

+nt = 3 // Number of cutting edges per insert

+cte = 9 // Tool cost in dollars per insert

+f = 0.3 // Feed rate in mm/rev from the Table 13.1

+N = 700 // Spindle rpm from the Table 13.1

+D = 70 // Diameter of the bar in mm

+t_h = 20 // Part load/unload time in seconds

+t_l = 1 // Tool load/unload time in Minutes

+t_cs = 8 // Tool interchange time between operations in seconds

+n = 0.25 // Tool life exponent from the Table 13.1

+ct = 500 // Tool life constant from the Table 13.1

+t_m = (L+L_e)/(f*N) // Machining time in min

+V = %pi*D*N/1000  // Cutting speed in m/min

+T = ct^4*(V^-4) // Tool life in min VT^n = Ct

+t_x = (L+L_t)/f_rapid

+C_te = cte/nt // Per cutting edge in dollars

+C_u = C_o*t_m + ((t_m/T)*((C_o*t_l)+C_te))+(C_o*((t_cs/60)+(t_h/60)+t_x))

+printf("The Production cost = $ %.2f",C_u)

diff --git a/3939/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce b/3939/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1f6f86721
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 13.3

+// Given that

+L = 200 // Length of the bar in mm

+L_e = 2 // Approach length in mm assumed

+L_t = 80

+f_rapid = 6000 // Feed in mm/min from the Table 13.1

+C_o = 1 // it was given 60$/h from the Table 13.1, when convert to min

+nt = 3 // Number of cutting edges per insert

+cte = 9 // Tool cost in dollars per insert

+f = 0.3 // Feed rate in mm/rev from the Table 13.1

+fh = 0.5 // Maximum allowable feed rate in mm/rev given in example 13.3

+a = 0.5 // Exponent 

+D = 70 // Diameter of the bar in mm

+t_h = 20 // Part load/unload time in seconds

+t_l = 1 // Tool load/unload time in Minutes

+t_cs = 8 // Tool interchange time between operations in seconds

+n = 0.25 // Tool life exponent from the Table 13.1

+Kt = 500 // Tool life constant from the Table 13.1

+t_x = (L+L_t)/f_rapid

+C_te = cte/nt // Per cutting edge in dollars

+V_opc = Kt/((fh^a)*((((1-n)/n)*(t_l+(C_te/C_o)))^n))

+N = (V_opc*1000)/(%pi*D)

+t_m = (L+L_e)/(fh*N) // Machining time in min

+T = Kt^4*(V_opc^-4)*(fh^-2) // Tool life in min VT^n = Ct

+// The answer in the textbook is wrong

+C_u = C_o*t_m + ((t_m/T)*((C_o*t_l)+C_te))+(C_o*((t_cs/60)+(t_h/60)+t_x))

+printf("The Production cost = $ %.2f, \n The production cost is reduced from $1.51 to $ %.3f by using an optimum cutting speed",C_u,C_u)

diff --git a/3939/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce b/3939/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..515f8145b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 16.1

+// Given that

+deflection_y = 0.01 // Curvature of the x-axis in the y-direction in mm

+X = 1000

+P = 600  // Offset of the part feature to be machined in mm

+theta_x = (8*deflection_y)/X

+delta = P*sind(theta_x/2)

+printf("The Magnitude of the Abbe error = %.6f mm",delta)

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c252205e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.1

+// Given that

+D_one = 50 //Initial diamter in mm

+f = 0.4 // Feed for the tool in mm/rev

+d = 4 // Depth of cut in mm

+v = 70 // Cutting speed in m/min

+u_s = 0.065  // Specific cutting energy is obtained from Table 2.1 units kW/cm^3/min

+mrr = v*f*d // Material Removal Rate and 1000 mm/m is for the conversion

+P = mrr*u_s // The machining power required in the turning operation 

+D_two = D_one - (2*d) 

+N = (2*v*1000)/(%pi*(D_one+D_two)) // The Speed (rpm) - 1000 value is for the conversion 1000 mm/m

+T = (P*1000*60)/(2*%pi*N)  // Spindle Torque

+printf("\n The Material Removal Rate = %.0f cm^3/min, \n The Machining Power = %.2f kW, \n Torque required by the Spindle = %.0f N m",mrr,P,T) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49e445b25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.10

+// Given that

+f_t = 0.1 // Feed per tooth in mm

+d = 3 // Deep or Depth of cut in mm

+p = 12.5 // Thread pitch in mm

+L_e = 80 // Length to be broach in mm

+w = 12 // Slot Wide in mm

+us = 0.07 // Specific energy of the material from Table 2.1 in kW min/cm^3

+V = 25 // Cutting speed in m/min 

+n_t = d/f_t // Number of teeth 

+L_b = p*n_t // Length of broach 

+tm = (L_b + L_e)/(V*1000) // Machining time in min, 1000 is for conversion unit for V 

+n_te = ceil(L_e/p) // Number of teeth engage with the workpiece

+d_e = n_te*f_t // Maximum depth engage of the broaching tool in mm

+mrr = d_e*w*V*1000  // Material removal rate in mm^3/min

+F_c = ((mrr/1000)*us*60)/V // Force in kN

+printf("Number of teeth on the Broach = %.0f teeth,\n Length of the broch = %.0f mm \n The Machining time = %.3f min \n Cutting force = %.1f kN ",n_t,L_b,tm,F_c)

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7ec65042d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.11

+// Given that

+f_t = 0.1 // Feed per tooth in mm/rev

+n_t = 4 // Number of teeth

+V  = 100 // Cutting speed in m/min

+D = 25 // Diameter of the tool in mm

+p = 3 // Thread pitch in mm

+eta = 0.7 // Percentage of thread

+D_u = 100 // Minor diameter in mm

+L = 30 // Depth in mm

+N = (V*1000)/(%pi*D) // Speed of the drill in rev/min so conversion unit 1000 multiplied

+f_rt = n_t*f_t*N // The Feed rate at the cutting edge

+D_m =  eta*(1.299*p) + D_u // Major diameter in mm

+f_r = f_rt*(D_m - D)/D_m // Centerline Feed rate in mm/min

+D_x = D_m - D // Travel distance for single orbit

+L_x = sqrt((p^2)+((%pi)^2)*((D_x)^2)) // Total length of travel of the tool in mm

+n_orbit = L /(3*p)

+tm = n_orbit*(L_x/f_r) // Time for machining in min

+// This computed time is for cutting and does not including the approach and exit distances for each orbit

+printf("\n The Feed rate at the cutting edge = %.0f mm/min \n The total travel length = %.0f mm \n The Machining time = %.1f min",f_rt,L_x, tm)

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad4374db8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.12

+// Given that

+D = 10 // Diameter of the drill in mm

+f = 0.3 // Feed of the drill in mm/rev

+V = 200 // Cutting speed in m/min 

+L = 30 // Length of hole to be drilled in mm

+row = 60 // Drill point angle in degrees, in question it was 120, divided by 2 is row

+delta_L = 3 // Assume the approach and over travel distance for the drill as 3mm

+us = 0.008 // For magnesium alloys specific cutting energy from Table 2.1 0.008 W.min/cm^3

+N = (V*1000)/(%pi*D) // Speed of the drill in rev/min so conversion unit 1000 multiplied

+fr = N*f // Feed rate

+mrr = ((%pi*(D^2))/4)*fr // Material removal rate in mm^3/min, need in cm^3/min divide by 1000

+tm = (L+(D/tand(row))+delta_L)/fr // Cutting time in min, if multiplied by 60 cutting time will be in seconds

+P = mrr*us // Power required to drill the hole in N.m/s

+T = P*60 / (2*%pi*N) // Torque on the drill in N.m, Muliplied by 60 for conversion to s/min

+printf("\n The Material Removal Rate = %.0f mm^3/min \n The Cutting time = %.2f min  \n The Torque on the drill = %.1f N m",mrr,tm,T)

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3876c14b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.13

+// Given that

+D = 150 // Diameter of the wheel in mm

+V = 2000 // Cutting speedin m/min

+V_work = 2200 // Velcoity of the work in mm/min

+doc_total = 0.2 // Depth to be ground 

+d = 0.01 // Grinding depth in mm/pass

+Lp = 350 // Length of the workpiece in mm

+b = 75 // Width of the workpiece in mm

+La = 40

+mrr = b*d*V_work

+tmp = (Lp+D+La)/mrr // Time to trvel across the part length 

+tm = ((doc_total/d)*tmp)+tmp

+ printf("\nThe Material Removal Rate = %.2f mm^3/min,\n The Machining time =  %.2f min ",mrr,tm) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..18bdcbf7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.14

+// Given that

+Dw = 75 // Diameter of the workpiece in mm

+d = 0.015 // Grinding depth in mm/pass

+fr = 1500 // Traverse feed rate in mm/min

+us = 0.08 // Specific cutting energy in kW min/cm^3 

+doc_total = 0.2 // Depth to be ground or Total depth of cut in mm

+Lp = 200 // Length of the bar to be performed in mm

+Wt = 25 // Wheel Thickness in mm

+La = 8 // Overall travel distance from both ends of the workpiece

+mrr = %pi*Dw*d*fr/1000 // Material removal rate in cm^3/min divide with 1000

+// The specific energy for grinding should be much larger than that give in Table 2.1 based on turngin test. Therefore the value of 0.08 kW min/cm^3 for cast iron from Table 2.1 should be multiplied by five times for grinding operations for a rough estimaate.

+P = mrr*(5*us) // Estimated power required 

+tmp = (Lp+Wt+La)/fr // Time to travel across the part length in min/pass

+tm = (doc_total*tmp/d)+(2*tmp) // The machining time in minutes

+tmp = (Lp+Wt+La)/fr // Time travel across the part length (to perform one pass) in min/pass

+printf("\nThe Power required to grind = %.2f kW,\n The Machining time =  %.2f min, \n Time travel across the part length (to perform one pass) = %.3f min/pass",P,tm,tmp) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e34f4153c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.2

+// Given that

+D_one = 50 //Initial diamter in mm

+f = 0.4 // Feed for the tool in mm/rev

+d = 4 // Depth of cut in mm

+v = 70 // Cutting speed in m/min

+u_s = 0.065  // Specific cutting energy is obtained from Table 2.1 units kW/cm^3/min

+L = 150 // Axial length of the outer diameter in mm

+La = 3 // Approach distance in mm (assumption)

+D_two = D_one - (2*d) 

+N = (2*v*1000)/(%pi*(D_one+D_two)) // The Speed (rpm) - 1000 value is for the conversion 1000 mm/m

+tm = (L+La)/(f*N) // Machining time in Minutes

+tm_s = ((L+La)/(f*N))*60

+printf("\nThe Machining time  = %.3f min, \nThe Machining time in Seconds  = %.1f s",tm,tm_s) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e72d4c429
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.3

+// Given that

+D_one = 50 //Initial diamter in mm

+f = 0.4 // Feed for the tool in mm/rev

+d = 4 // Depth of cut in mm

+v = 70 // Cutting speed in m/min

+kappa = 20 // Lead angle of the tool in degrees

+s = 0.053  // Specific cutting energy is obtained from Table 2.1 units kW/cm^3/min

+a = f*cosd(kappa) // The uncut (nominal) chip thickness in mm

+Lm = d*s*(kappa) 

+printf("\nThe uncut (nominal) chip thickness  = %.3f mm, \n The cutting edge engagement = %.3f mm",a,Lm) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b4e1ade0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.4

+// Given that

+V = 100 // Cutting Velocity in m/min

+D = 75 // Diameter of the workpiece in mm

+l = 200 // Length of the cut in mm

+d = 5 // Depth of cut in mm

+ad = 80 // Axial depth of cut in mm

+rd = 5 // Radial depth of cut in mm

+amax = 0.2 //  Maximum uncut chip thickness in mm/rev

+E = 400000 // Modulus of elasticity of the material in N/mm^2

+us = 0.08 // Unit specific energy for work material from Table 2.1 in kW/cm^3/min

+nt = 4

+N = V*1000/(%pi*D) // Spindle rotational speed in rpm so with 1000 multiplying 

+vm = acosd(1-((2*d)/D))

+ft  = amax / sind(vm) // Feed per tooth in mm

+fr = nt*ft*N // Feed rate for the cutter in mm/min

+cs = ad*rd // Cross-sectional area of uncut chip in mm^2

+mrr = cs*fr  // Material removal rate in mm^3/min , in Power required convert to cm^3/min divide by 1000

+P = (mrr/1000)*us // Power required for the operation 

+F = (P*1000*60)/V  // Cutting force, where 1000 is for converting kW to Nm/s and 60 for s/min

+Fr = 0.3*F  // Radial Force, Radial component is 30% of the cutting (tangential) force 

+//delta = (Fr*)

+I = (%pi*(0.8*D)^4)/64

+deflection = (Fr*l^3)/(3*E*I)

+taper_error = D*(deflection/(2*l))

+printf("The taper on the sidewall of the workpiece = %.4f ",taper_error)

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong 

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a000732ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.5

+// Given that

+D = 50 // Diameter of the cutter in mm

+IC = 17 // IC size of the round inserts in mm

+d = 3 // Depth of cut in mm

+nt = 3 // Number of inserts

+V = 150 // Cutting speed in m/min

+amax = 0.2 //  Maximum uncut chip thickness in mm/tooth feed

+De = D - IC + sqrt((IC^2)-((IC-(2*d))^2)) // The Effective tool diameter 

+vm = acosd(1-((2*d)/IC))

+N = V*1000/(%pi*De) // The spindle speed should be calculated based on the effective diameter in cut in rpm

+ft = amax / sind(vm) 

+fr = nt*ft*N // The feed rate of the cutter in mm/min

+b = De // Radial depth of cut in mm

+mrr = d*b*fr // Material removal rate in mm^3/min

+printf("\nThe Material removal rate  = %.0f mm^3/min",mrr) 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for the mrr

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49eb0862e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.6

+// Given that

+d = 6 // Depth of cut in mm

+D = 25 // Diameter of the tool in mm

+a_max = 0.2 // Feed in mm/tooth

+V = 150 // Cutting speed in m/min

+nt = 2

+b = 11 // Radial doc will be half of the effective diameter

+De = 2*sqrt((d*(D-d))) // Effective tool diameter 

+// Effective tool diameter is not the actual cutter diameter because the axial depth of cut is smaller than the radius of the ballnose

+// Since the depth of cut is significantly smaller than the radius of the nose chip thinning occurs

+vm = acosd (1-((2*d)/D))

+ft = a_max/sind(vm) 

+N = (V*1000)/(%pi*De) // Spindle speed in rpm and Effective tool diameter need to be considered 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

+fr = nt * ft * N // Feed rate of the cutter

+mrr = d*b*fr // Material removal rate in mm^3/min

+printf("\n The Material Removal Rate = %.0f mm^3/min",mrr)

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..01f0d5a6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.7

+// Given that

+V = 300 // Cutting speed in m/min

+D = 200 // Diameter of the face milling cutter in mm

+ai = 0.3 // un-cut chip thickness in mm

+k = 45 // Lead angle of the cutter in degrees

+b = 150 // width of the cut in mm

+L = 700 // Length of the cut in mm

+nt = 18 // Number of inserts on the cutting tool

+N = V*1000/(%pi*D) // Spindle rotational speed in rpm

+ft = ai/cosd(k) // Feed per tooth in mm 

+fr = nt*ft*N // Feed rate of the cutter in mm/min 

+Le_max = (D/2)+(D/2) // Maximum length the cutter can travel

+Le = (D/2)-((1/2)*(sqrt((D^2)-(b^2)))) // Length of the approach in mm

+tm = (L+Le)/fr // Machining time in min

+printf("\n The Machining time = %.2f min",tm)

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1205b6dfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.8

+// Given that

+L = 400 // Lenght of the part in mm

+P = 10 // Maximum available cutting power in kW

+us = 0.07 // Specific energy forthe workpiece material from Table 2.1 in W.min/cm^3

+d = 15 // Radial depth of cut in mm

+b = 10 // Width of cut in mm

+V = 80 // Cutting speed in m/min

+D = 200 // Diameter of the carbide brazed side milling cutter in mm

+R = 100 // Radius of the carbide brazed side milling cutter in mm

+nt = 16 // Number of inserts on the cutter

+n_t = 8 // Number of inserts which are one side of the cutter

+a_max = 0.2 // Maximum uncut chip thickness in mm

+L_e = 52.7 // Approach distance in mm

+mrr = P / us // Material removal rate in cm^3/min

+fr = (mrr*1000) / (d*b) // Feed rate in mm/min

+N = V*1000/(%pi*D) // Speed of the spindle in rpm

+ft = fr / (nt*N) // Feed rate for the cutter in mm/rev/tooth

+V_m = acosd((R-d)/R)

+f_t = a_max/sind(V_m) // Maximum feed per tooth allowed in mm/rev/tooth

+tm = (L+L_e+10)/(nt*f_t*N)

+t_m = (L+L_e+10)/(n_t*f_t*N)

+printf("\n Maximum feed per tooth allowed = %.3f mm^/rev/tooth,\n Machining time to groove the part = %.3f min,\n Machining time to groove the part with 8 inserts = %.3f min",f_t,tm,t_m)

+// If the cutter has 16 inserts in total, the effective number of teeth is 8 because 8 inserts on one side of the cutter and 8 overlapping inserts on the other side are used to remove the full width of 10 mm

diff --git a/3939/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce b/3939/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c971820c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 2.9

+// Given that

+D = 200 // Outside diameter of the flange in mm

+Di = 100 // Inside diameter of the flange in mm 

+N = 400 // Maximum rotational speed in rpm

+L = 500 // Length of the tube in mm

+ft = 0.25 // Maximum feed rate in mm/rev

+d = 8 // Depth of cut in mm

+us = 0.025 // Specific Energy from Table 2.1 in W.min/cm^3

+E = 50000 // Modulus of elasticity of the material in N/mm^2

+mrr = (%pi*D*N*ft*d) // Material removal rate in mm^3/min

+P = (mrr/1000)*us  // Maximum power require in kW (the conversion unit of 1000 to formula for mm to cm)

+tm = (D-Di)/(2*ft*N)

+// The perpendicularity error is equivalent to the deflection of the tube under the cutting load

+F_c = (P*1000)/(%pi*(N/60)*(D/1000)) // Cutting force in N; 1000 for kW conversion, 60 for rev/s conversion and 1000 for mm to m

+I = (%pi*(D^4-Di^4))/64  // Cross sectional moment of inertia

+deflection = (F_c*(L^3))/(3*E*I) 

+taper_error = D*(deflection/(2*L))

+printf("\n The Maximum power = %.1f kW,\n Cutting time = %.1f min,\n The taper or perpendicularity error is %.3f mm",P,tm,taper_error)

diff --git a/3939/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce b/3939/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b34aa71f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 3.1

+// Given that

+k_s = 140 // Stiffness of the ball screw in N/um

+k_g = 25 // Stiffness of the Gimbal joint in N/um

+k_t = 1/((1/k_s)+(2*(1/k_g)))  

+printf("The Stiffness of the strut = %.1f N/um",k_t)

diff --git a/3939/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce b/3939/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64cbfc8c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 4.1

+// Given that

+Vd = 100 // Cutting speed for uncoated carbide drill in m/min

+Dm = 10 // Diameter of drill from figure 4.4

+D = 9 // Diameter of drill for a 10mm is about 9mm

+Vt = 30 // Cutting speed of HSS tap, Assumption

+f = 0.15 // Feed for drilling cast iron assumed in mm/flute 

+L = 27 // The bottom depth of the blind hole assumed in mm

+row = 120 // Drill point angle in degrees

+p = 1 // Pitch for the M10 x 1mm tap is 1 mm

+n_t = 2 // Number of Inserts

+Lt = 23

+Le = 2  // Assumed since a hole is made in mm

+N_d = Vd*1000/(%pi*D) // Spindle speed for drilling in rpm ; 1000 is for the conversion unit

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for N_d

+N_t = Vt*1000 / (%pi*Dm) // Spindle speed for tapping in rpm ;  1000 is for the conversion unit

+f_r = n_t*f*N_d // Feedrate for drilling in mm/min

+f_rt = p*N_t // Feedrate for tapping in mm/min

+t_md = (L+(D/tand(row/2))+2)/f_r  // Cutting time for drilling with 120degrees point drill in min

+t_mt = (Lt+Le)/f_rt  // Cutting time for tapping in min

+mrr_d = ((%pi*(D^2))/4)*f_r // Material removal rate for the drill in mm^3/min

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for mrr

+lambda = atand(p/(%pi*Dm))

+mrr_t = ((p/4)+((Dm-D)/tand(row/2)))*((Dm-D)/4)*((p*N_t)/sind(lambda)) // Material removal rate for the tapping in mm^3/min

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for mrr

+printf("\n The Material removal rate for drilling = %.0f mm^3/min, \n The Material removal rate for tapping = %.0f mm^3/min", mrr_d,mrr_t)

diff --git a/3939/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/3939/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1aa6f6f47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 4.2

+// Given that

+Vd = 30 // Cutting speed for uncoated HSS drill in m/min

+D = 9 // Diameter of drill for a 10mm is about 9mm

+n_t = 2 

+L = 27 // The bottom depth of the blind hole assumed in mm

+f = 0.15 // Feed for drilling cast iron assumed in mm/flute 

+row = 120 // Drill point angle in degrees

+N_d = Vd*1000/(%pi*D) // Spindle speed for drilling in rpm ; 1000 is for the conversion unit

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for N_d

+f_r = n_t*f*N_d // Feedrate for drilling in mm/min

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for f_r

+t_md = (L+(D/tand(row/2))+2)/f_r  // Cutting time for drilling with 120degrees point drill in min

+// t_T = 1.78 + 1.57 + delta_t  // The total machining time to drill and tap the hole is the sum of the drilling and tapping times plus several other tool travel times i.e., retract the tool from the bottom of hole, approach time.

+// t_T2 = 6 + 1.57 + delta_t

+// t_Tx = t_T2 - t_T = 7.57 + delta_t - 3.35 - delta_t 

+t_Tx = 7.57 - 3.35

+printf("\n The change in machining time for drilling and tapping = %.2f s",t_Tx)

diff --git a/3939/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce b/3939/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..694b1b514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 4.4

+// Given that

+E_steel = 206700 // Youngs modulus of steel in MPa

+E_heavymetal = 330000 // Youngs modulus of heavy metal in MPa

+D_i = 55 // Initial diameter of the bore in mm

+D_o = 59 // Final diameter of the bore in mm

+D_B = 50 // Diameter of the Bar B in mm

+D_abar = 35 // Diameter of the bore in mm

+L = 250 // Length of the bar in mm

+V = 100 // Cutting speed of the bar in m/min

+fr = 0.2 // Feed in mm/rev

+us = 0.06 // Specific energy from Table 2.1

+D_avg = (D_i + D_o)/2 // Diameter average in mm

+N = (V*1000)/(%pi*D_avg) // 

+R = (D_i + D_o)/4

+mrr = ((%pi*((D_o^2) - (D_i^2)))/4)*N*fr

+F_r = (mrr*us)/(4*%pi*R*N/(60*1000)) // conversion unit 60 for min to seconds and 1000 for m to mm

+I_A = ((%pi*(D_abar^4))/64)  // The answer for the I_A was wrong in the textbook 

+// The answers vary due to round off error

+I_B = ((%pi*(D_B^4))/64)

+deflection_A = (F_r*(L^3))/(3*E_steel*I_A)

+// The deflection of 0.246 mm is very large and the hole diameter will be smaller by 0.492 mm and will generate the scratch marks during tool retraction. Therefore, the deflection should be reduced by reducing the radial force, which is proportional to the area of cut. Hence, the doc or feed must be changed in order to reduce the force. Since a large reduction on the deflection is required, both doc and feed will be reduced by 50%. However, the reduction of the DOC by 50% will require two passes to remove the 2 mm full depth from the bore. The reduction of the feed from 0.2 to 0.1 mm/rev is acceptable but the machining time will be doubled. The reduction of the cutting conditions results in lower productivity 

+F_r2 = F_r/4

+deflection_2 = deflection_A/4  

+deflection_heavymetal = deflection_A *(E_steel/E_heavymetal)

+deflection_heavymetal2 = deflection_heavymetal/4 // Using the 50% reduced feed and DOC, the new deflection

+deflection_B = F_r*(((L^3)/(3*E_steel*I_A))+((L^3)/(3*E_steel*I_B))+(((L*L)/(E_steel*I_B))*(L+L)))

+printf("The deflection at the cutting tool point for bar A = %.3f mm, \n The deflection at the cutting tool point changing the boring bar material from steel to heavy metal = %.3f mm,\n The deflection at the cutting tool point for bar B = %.3f mm",deflection_A,deflection_heavymetal2,deflection_B)

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce b/3939/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69181e6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 5.3

+// Given that

+W_spindle = 20 // Mass of the spindle in kg

+W_holder = 1.27 // Mass of the toolholder in kg

+W_tool = 0.35 // Mass of the tool in kg

+G = 1.17 // Quality grade as defined in ANSI/S2.19 

+rpm_spindle = 29250 // Maximum operating speed (r/min) from the graph in Fig. 5.82

+rpm_holder = 11697 // Maximum operating speed (r/min) from the graph in Fig. 5.82

+rpm_tool = 4644 // Maximum operating speed (r/min) from the graph in Fig. 5.82

+U_spindle = (9549*G*W_spindle)/rpm_spindle

+U_holder =  (9549*G*W_holder)/rpm_holder

+U_tool =  (9549*G*W_tool)/rpm_tool

+U_total = U_spindle + U_holder + U_tool

+printf("The total balancing grade of an assembled \n spinlde-toolholder-tool system = %.3f g mm",U_total)

diff --git a/3939/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce b/3939/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5aaa7b295
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 5.4

+// Given that

+U = 30 // Unbalance in mm

+N = 15000 // Speed of the tool holder in rpm

+F_r = (U*((2*%pi*N)/60)^2 )*10e-7  // Unbalance force reduction in N

+printf("The Unbalance force reduction = %.0f N", F_r)

+// The radial force for 30 g mm unbalance at 15000 rpm is 74N and for 75 g mm unbalance the force becomes 185 N. Hence the force reduction is significant if a pre-balanced tool holder is used

diff --git a/3939/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce b/3939/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..76916dfab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 5.5

+// Given that

+G = 2.5 // Quality grade as defined in ANSI/S2.19 

+W = 3.63 // Estimated total tool weight in kg

+N = 10000 // Speed of the tool holder in rpm

+U = (9549*G*W)/N

+printf("The allowable Unbalance for the boring bar = %.2f g mm", U)

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce b/3939/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be56022ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 5.6

+// Given that

+F_1 = 80 // Cutting force on the boring bar in N

+L_1 = 7 // Extended length of the boring bar 7XD

+L_3 = 2 // Tool shank length A bar

+L_3B = 4 // Tool shank length B bar

+F_3 = (F_1*L_1)/L_3  // Force acting on the back end of the boring bar A in N

+F_2 = F_1+F_3  // Force acting at the front of the chuck in bar A in N

+F_3B = (F_1*L_1)/L_3B  // Force acting on the back end of the boring bar B in N

+F_2B = F_1+F_3B  // Force acting at the front of the chuck in bar B in N

+printf("The Force at the bar A = %.0f N, \n The Force at the bar B = %0.f N",F_2,F_2B)

+printf("\n The reaction force acting at the free end of the chuck is %.0f N \n is smaller than %.0f N at bar A, \n This will reduce the deformation of the chuck at the free end",F_2B,F_2 )

diff --git a/3939/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce b/3939/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..259a2f99d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 5.8

+// Given that

+k_s = 1.375e9 // Spring constant linear for CAT40 from Table 5.7 in n/m

+k_h = 3e8  // Spindle stiffness in N/m (linear)

+k_theta = 8.108e6 //  Spindle stiffness in N/m (rotational)

+D1 = 25 // Diameter of the tool-holder spindle in mm from figure 5.106

+D2 = 44 // Major Diameter of the tool-holder spindle in mm from figure 5.106

+f_r = 0.15   // Feed in mm/rev

+Fr = 185 // Radial cutting force in N

+V = 100 // Cutting speed in m/min

+L1 = 170 //Length of the tool-holder in mm from figure 5.106

+L2 = 40 //Length of the tool-holder chuck in mm from figure 5.106

+L = L1+L2  // Total length of the tool-holder and chuck in mm from figure 5.106

+La = 20 // Distance between the spindle nose and the rotational spring in mm

+E1 = 206700 // Youngs modulus of steel in MPa

+E2 = 206700 // Youngs modulus of steel in MPa

+I1 = (%pi*D1^4)/64 // The answers vary due to round off error

+I2 = (%pi*D2^4)/64

+k = 1/((1/k_s)+(1/k_h))

+deflection_1 = (Fr/k)*1000  // Linear deflection in N, 1000 is the conversion unit for m to mm

+deflection_2 = f_r*(((L1^3)/(2*E1*I1))+((L2^3)/(2*E2*I2))+(((L1*L2)*(L1+L2))/(E2*I2)))*1000  //The deflection of the bar structure with two cross sections in mm, 1000 is the conversion unit for m to mm

+// The answers vary due to round off error

+theta = (Fr*(L+La))/(k_theta*1000) // Angle in radians 

+deflection_r = (L+La)*tan(theta) // Since the theta value is in radians, not inserting tand here.

+deflection_total = deflection_1+deflection_2+deflection_r

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong

+printf("The total deflection = %.3f mm",deflection_total)

diff --git a/3939/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/3939/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1d91cab7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 6.1

+// Given that

+b = 2.5 // Thickness of tube in mm

+a = 0.3 // feed in mm/rev

+V = 200 // cutting speed in m/min

+ac = 0.7 // chip thickness in mm

+lf = 0.5 // tool-chip contact length in mm

+Fc = 900 // tangential cutting force in N

+Fz = 600 // Axial (feed) force in N

+alpha = 0 // Rake angle of tool is Zero

+tsz = 0.02 // thickness of shear zone assumed as 0.02 mm

+// Sample Problem 6.1 on page no. 436

+printf("\n  Problem 6.1  \n")

+beta = atand(Fz/Fc)

+rc = a/ac // Cutting ratio 

+phi = atand((rc*cosd(alpha)/(1-(rc*sind(alpha))))) // Mean shear angle between the direction of cutting speed and the shear plane

+tow_s = ((((Fc*cosd(phi))-(Fz*sind(phi)))*sind(phi))/(a*b)) // Mean shear stress of the workpiece

+tow_f = ((sqrt((Fc^2)+(Fz^2))*sind(beta))/(b*lf)) // Mean frictional stress at the tool-chip interface

+gamma = cotd(phi)+(tand(phi-alpha))

+delta_t = (tsz*60)/(V*1000*sind(phi))

+gamma_dot = gamma/delta_t // Strain rate in the chip formation if thickness of shear zone assumed as 0.02 mm

+FE = (((sqrt((Fc^2)+(Fz^2))*sind(beta))*rc)/Fc)*100 // Fricition energy

+printf("\n Mean angle of friction on the tool face = %.1f°,\n Mean shear stress produced in cutting the workpiece = %.0f N/mm^2,\n Mean frictional stress at the tool-chip interface = %.0f N/mm^2 \n Shear Strain = %.2f°,\n Strain rate in the chip formation = %.0f s^-1, \n Friction energy accounts for %.0f Percentage of the total energy ", beta,tow_s,tow_f,gamma,gamma_dot, FE)

+// The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3939/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/3939/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..406753c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 6.2

+// Given that

+alpha = -8 // Rake angle of tool -8 from the Problem 6.1

+b = 2.5 // Thickness of tube in mm

+a = 0.3 // feed in mm/rev

+V = 200 // cutting speed in m/min

+ac = 0.85 // chip thickness in mm

+lf = 0.5 // tool-chip contact length in mm

+Fc = 900 // tangential cutting force in N

+Fz = 600 // Axial (feed) force in N

+tsz = 0.02 // thickness of shear zone assumed as 0.02 mm

+rc = a/ac // Cutting ratio 

+phi = atand ((rc*cosd(alpha))/(1-(rc*sind(alpha))))

+// The shear angle is reduced from 23.2 to 21.8 degrees as expected since the rake angle was reduced. 

+tow_s = ((((Fc*cosd(phi))-(Fz*sind(phi)))*sind(phi))/(a*b)) // Mean shear stress of the workpiece

+F_s = (tow_s*a*b)/sind(phi) 

+beta_a = atand(Fz/Fc)+alpha // Beta angle calculated  from Eq 6.30 using Figure 6.27

+R = F_s/(cosd(phi+beta_a-alpha))  // Resultant force in N

+F_c = R*cosd(beta_a-alpha) // Cutting force in N

+F_z = R*sind(beta_a-alpha) // Feed force in N

+printf("The Tangential (cutting) force = %.0f N, \n The Feed force = %.0f N",F_c,F_z)

+// The answer provided in the textbook is wrong for mrr

diff --git a/3939/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/3939/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d42f5be7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3939/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear; // Remove clear, clc if you want to access the stored variables 

+clc

+// Example 9.2

+// Given that

+V_one = 70 // Cutting speed

+V_two = 70 // Cutting speed

+V_three = 140 

+f_1 = 0.15

+f_3 = 0.15

+f_2 = 0.25

+T_1 = 120 // Mean tool life in min

+T_2 = 105 // Mean tool life in min

+T_3 = 24 // Mean tool life in min

+n = log(V_three/V_one)/log(T_1/T_3)  // (V_three/V_one = (T_1/T_3)^n) 

+a = n*(log(T_2/T_1)/log(f_1/f_2)) 

+K_t = V_one*(T_1^n)*(f_1^a)

+printf("The parameters for extended tool life = %.2f & %.2f, \n The tool life equation = %.0f",n,a,K_t)

+// The answers vary due to round off error