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diff --git a/dictionaries.rst b/dictionaries.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 63fca2a..0000000 --- a/dictionaries.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ -.. 8.4 LO: dictionaries (2) -.. ------------------------ -.. * empty -.. * filled -.. * accessing via keys -.. * .values(), .keys() -.. * in -.. * iteration - -============ -Dictionaries -============ - -{{{ show the welcome slide }}} - -Welcome to the spoken tutorial on dictionaries. - -{{{ switch to next slide, outline slide }}} - -In this tutorial, we will see how to create empty dictionaries, learn -about keys and values of dictionaries. Checking for elements and -iterating over elements. - -{{{ switch to next slide on overview of dictionaries }}} - -A dictionary in general, is designed to look up meanings of -words. Similarly, Python dictionary is also designed to look up for a -specific key and retrieve the corresponding value. Dictionaries are -data structures that provide key-value mappings. Dictionaries are -similar to lists except that instead of the values having integer -indexes, dictionaries have keys or strings as indexes. - -Before we can proceed, start your IPython interpreter with the -``-pylab`` option. - -{{{ start ipython interpreter by issuing command ipython -pylab }}} - -Let us start by creating an empty dictionary, type the following in -your IPython interpreter. -:: - - mt_dict = {} - -Notice that unlike lists curly braces are used define ``dictionary``, - -{{{ move the mouse over curly braces to grab attention }}} - -Now let us see how to create a filled dictionary, -:: - - extensions = {'jpg' : 'JPEG Image', 'py' : 'Python script', 'html' : 'Html document', 'pdf' : 'Portable Document Format'} - -Notice that each key-value pair is separated by a comma - -{{{ move the mouse over the commas to grab attention }}} - -and each key and value are separated using a colon. - -{{{ move the mouse over the colon one by one to grab attention }}} - -Here, we defined four entries in the dictionary extensions. The keys -are - -{{{ spell the keys letter by letter }}} - -jpg, py, html, and pdf. - -Simply type, -:: - - extensions - -in the interpreter to see the content of the dictionary. Notice that -in dictionaries the order cannot be predicted and you can see that the -values are not in the order that we entered in. - -Like in lists, the elements in a dictionary can be accessed using the -index, here the index is the key. Try, -:: - - print extensions['jpg'] - -It printed JPEG Image. And now try, -:: - - print extensions['zip'] - -Well it gave us an error, saying that the key 'zip' is not in the -dictionary. - -Pause here for some time and try few more keys. Also try jpg in -capital letters. - -{{{ switch to next slide, adding and deleting keys and values in -dictionaries }}} - -Well that was about creating dictionaries, now how do we add or delete -items. We can add new items into dictionaries as, -:: - - extensions['cpp'] = 'C++ code' - -and delete items using the ``del`` keyword as, -:: - - del extension['pdf'] - -Let us check the content of the dictionary now, -:: - - extensions - -So the changes have been made. Now let us try one more thing, -:: - - extensions['cpp'] = 'C++ source code' - extensions - -As you can see, it did not add a new thing nor gave an error, but it -simply replaces the existing value with the new one. - -Now let us learn how to check if a particular key is present in the -dictionary. For that we can use ``in``, -:: - - 'py' in extensions - 'odt' in extensions - -So in short it will return ``True`` if the key is found in the -dictionary, and will return ``False`` if key is not present. Note that -we can check only for container-ship of keys in dictionaries and not -values. - -{{{ switch to next slide, Retrieve keys and values }}} - -Now let us see how to retrieve the keys and values. We can use the -method ``keys()`` for getting a list of the keys in a particular -dictionary and the method ``values()`` for getting a list of -values. Let us try them, -:: - - extensions.keys() - -It returned the ``list`` of keys in the dictionary extensions. And now -the other one, -:: - - extensions.values() - -It returned the ``list`` of values in the dictionary. - -{{{ switch to next slide, problem statement for the next solved -exercise }}} - -Now let us try to print the data in the dictionary. We can use ``for`` -loop to iterate. -:: - - for each in extensions.keys(): - print each, "-->", extensions[each] - - -{{{ switch to next slide, recap }}} - -This brings us to the end of this tutorial, we learned dictionaries -and saw how to create an empty dictionary, build a dictionary with -some data in it, adding data, ``keys()`` and ``values()`` methods, and -iterating over the dictionaries. - -{{{ switch to next slide, thank you slide }}} - -Thank you! - -.. Author: Anoop Jacob Thomas <anoop@fossee.in> - Reviewer 1: - Reviewer 2: - External reviewer: |