#!/usr/bin/env python """This server runs an XMLRPC server that can be submitted code and tests and returns the output. It *should* be run as root and will run as the user 'nobody' so as to minimize any damange by errant code. This can be configured by editing settings.py to run as many servers as desired. One can also specify the ports on the command line. Here are examples:: $ sudo ./code_server.py # Runs servers based on settings.py:SERVER_PORTS one server per port given. or:: $ sudo ./code_server.py 8001 8002 8003 8004 8005 # Runs 5 servers on ports specified. All these servers should be running as nobody. This will also start a server pool that defaults to port 50000 and is configurable in settings.py:SERVER_POOL_PORT. This port exposes a `get_server_port` function that returns an available server. """ import sys import traceback from SimpleXMLRPCServer import SimpleXMLRPCServer import pwd import os import stat from os.path import isdir, dirname, abspath, join, isfile import signal from multiprocessing import Process, Queue import subprocess # Local imports. from settings import SERVER_PORTS, SERVER_TIMEOUT, SERVER_POOL_PORT MY_DIR = abspath(dirname(__file__)) def run_as_nobody(): """Runs the current process as nobody.""" # Set the effective uid and to that of nobody. nobody = pwd.getpwnam('nobody') os.setegid(nobody.pw_gid) os.seteuid(nobody.pw_uid) # Raised when the code times-out. # c.f. http://pguides.net/python/timeout-a-function class TimeoutException(Exception): pass def timeout_handler(signum, frame): """A handler for the ALARM signal.""" raise TimeoutException('Code took too long to run.') ############################################################################### # `CodeServer` class. ############################################################################### class CodeServer(object): """A code server that executes user submitted test code, tests it and reports if the code was correct or not. """ def __init__(self, port, queue): self.port = port self.queue = queue msg = 'Code took more than %s seconds to run. You probably '\ 'have an infinite loop in your code.' % SERVER_TIMEOUT self.timeout_msg = msg def run_python_code(self, answer, test_code, in_dir=None): """Tests given Python function (`answer`) with the `test_code` supplied. If the optional `in_dir` keyword argument is supplied it changes the directory to that directory (it does not change it back to the original when done). This function also timesout when the function takes more than SERVER_TIMEOUT seconds to run to prevent runaway code. Returns ------- A tuple: (success, error message). """ if in_dir is not None and isdir(in_dir): os.chdir(in_dir) # Add a new signal handler for the execution of this code. old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler) signal.alarm(SERVER_TIMEOUT) success = False tb = None try: submitted = compile(answer, '', mode='exec') g = {} exec submitted in g _tests = compile(test_code, '', mode='exec') exec _tests in g except TimeoutException: err = self.timeout_msg except AssertionError: type, value, tb = sys.exc_info() info = traceback.extract_tb(tb) fname, lineno, func, text = info[-1] text = str(test_code).splitlines()[lineno-1] err = "{0} {1} in: {2}".format(type.__name__, str(value), text) except: type, value = sys.exc_info()[:2] err = "Error: {0}".format(repr(value)) else: success = True err = 'Correct answer' finally: del tb # Set back any original signal handler. signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler) # Cancel the signal if any, see signal.alarm documentation. signal.alarm(0) # Put us back into the server pool queue since we are free now. self.queue.put(self.port) return success, err def run_bash_code(self, answer, test_code, in_dir=None): """Tests given Bash code (`answer`) with the `test_code` supplied. The testcode should typically contain two lines, the first is a path to the reference script we are to compare against. The second is a path to the arguments to be supplied to the reference and submitted script. The output of these will be compared for correctness. If the path's start with a "/" then we assume they are absolute paths. If not, we assume they are relative paths w.r.t. the location of this code_server script. If the optional `in_dir` keyword argument is supplied it changes the directory to that directory (it does not change it back to the original when done). Returns ------- A tuple: (success, error message). """ if in_dir is not None and isdir(in_dir): os.chdir(in_dir) def _set_exec(fname): os.chmod(fname, stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP | stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IWOTH | stat.S_IXOTH) submit_f = open('submit.sh', 'w') submit_f.write(answer.lstrip()) submit_f.close() submit_path = abspath(submit_f.name) _set_exec(submit_path) ref_path, test_case_path = test_code.strip().splitlines() if not ref_path.startswith('/'): ref_path = join(MY_DIR, ref_path) if not test_case_path.startswith('/'): test_case_path = join(MY_DIR, test_case_path) # Add a new signal handler for the execution of this code. old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler) signal.alarm(SERVER_TIMEOUT) # Do whatever testing needed. success = False try: success, err = self.check_bash_script(ref_path, submit_path, test_case_path) except TimeoutException: err = self.timeout_msg except: type, value = sys.exc_info()[:2] err = "Error: {0}".format(repr(value)) finally: # Set back any original signal handler. signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler) # Delete the created file. os.remove(submit_path) # Cancel the signal if any, see signal.alarm documentation. signal.alarm(0) # Put us back into the server pool queue since we are free now. self.queue.put(self.port) return success, err def _run_command(self, cmd_args, *args, **kw): """Run a command in a subprocess while blocking, the process is killed if it takes more than 2 seconds to run. Return the Popen object, the stdout and stderr. """ try: proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd_args, *args, **kw) stdout, stderr = proc.communicate() except TimeoutException: # Runaway code, so kill it. proc.kill() # Re-raise exception. raise return proc, stdout, stderr def check_bash_script(self, ref_script_path, submit_script_path, test_case_path=None): """ Function validates student script using instructor script as reference. Test cases can optionally be provided. The first argument ref_script_path, is the path to instructor script, it is assumed to have executable permission. The second argument submit_script_path, is the path to the student script, it is assumed to have executable permission. The Third optional argument is the path to test the scripts. Each line in this file is a test case and each test case is passed to the script as standard arguments. Returns -------- returns (True, "Correct answer") : If the student script passes all test cases/have same output, when compared to the instructor script returns (False, error_msg): If the student script fails a single test/have dissimilar output, when compared to the instructor script. Returns (False, error_msg): If mandatory arguments are not files or if the required permissions are not given to the file(s). """ if not isfile(ref_script_path): return False, "No file at %s" % ref_script_path if not isfile(submit_script_path): return False, 'No file at %s' % submit_script_path if not os.access(ref_script_path, os.X_OK): return False, 'Script %s is not executable' % ref_script_path if not os.access(submit_script_path, os.X_OK): return False, 'Script %s is not executable' % submit_script_path if test_case_path is None: ret = self._run_command(ref_script_path, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, inst_stdout, inst_stderr = ret ret = self._run_command(submit_script_path, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, stdnt_stdout, stdnt_stderr = ret if inst_stdout == stdnt_stdout: return True, 'Correct answer' else: err = "Error: expected %s, got %s" % (inst_stderr, stdnt_stderr) return False, err else: if not isfile(test_case_path): return False, "No test case at %s" % test_case_path if not os.access(ref_script_path, os.R_OK): return False, "Test script %s, not readable" % test_case_path valid_answer = True # We initially make it one, so that we can # stop once a test case fails loop_count = 0 # Loop count has to be greater than or # equal to one. # Useful for caching things like empty # test files,etc. test_cases = open(test_case_path).readlines() num_lines = len(test_cases) for test_case in test_cases: loop_count += 1 if valid_answer: args = [ref_script_path] + [x for x in test_case.split()] ret = self._run_command(args, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, inst_stdout, inst_stderr = ret args = [submit_script_path]+[x for x in test_case.split()] ret = self._run_command(args, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, stdnt_stdout, stdnt_stderr = ret valid_answer = inst_stdout == stdnt_stdout if valid_answer and (num_lines == loop_count): return True, "Correct answer" else: err = "Error:expected %s, got %s" % (inst_stdout+inst_stderr, stdnt_stdout+stdnt_stderr) return False, err def run_c_code(self, answer, test_code, in_dir=None): """Tests given C code (`answer`) with the `test_code` supplied. The testcode is a path to the reference code. The reference code will call the function submitted by the student. The reference code will check for the expected output. If the path's start with a "/" then we assume they are absolute paths. If not, we assume they are relative paths w.r.t. the location of this code_server script. If the optional `in_dir` keyword argument is supplied it changes the directory to that directory (it does not change it back to the original when done). Returns ------- A tuple: (success, error message). """ if in_dir is not None and isdir(in_dir): os.chdir(in_dir) # File extension must be .c submit_f = open('submit.c', 'w') submit_f.write(answer.lstrip()) submit_f.close() submit_path = abspath(submit_f.name) ref_path = test_code.strip() if not ref_path.startswith('/'): ref_path = join(MY_DIR, ref_path) # Add a new signal handler for the execution of this code. old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler) signal.alarm(SERVER_TIMEOUT) # Do whatever testing needed. success = False try: success, err = self._check_c_cpp_code(ref_path, submit_path) except TimeoutException: err = self.timeout_msg except: type, value = sys.exc_info()[:2] err = "Error: {0}".format(repr(value)) finally: # Set back any original signal handler. signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler) # Delete the created file. os.remove(submit_path) # Cancel the signal if any, see signal.alarm documentation. signal.alarm(0) # Put us back into the server pool queue since we are free now. self.queue.put(self.port) return success, err def _compile_command(self, cmd, *args, **kw): """Compiles C/C++/java code and returns errors if any. Run a command in a subprocess while blocking, the process is killed if it takes more than 2 seconds to run. Return the Popen object, the stderr. """ try: proc_compile = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) out, err = proc_compile.communicate() except TimeoutException: # Runaway code, so kill it. proc_compile.kill() # Re-raise exception. raise return proc_compile, err def _check_c_cpp_code(self, ref_code_path, submit_code_path): """ Function validates student code using instructor code as reference.The first argument ref_code_path, is the path to instructor code, it is assumed to have executable permission. The second argument submit_code_path, is the path to the student code, it is assumed to have executable permission. Returns -------- returns (True, "Correct answer") : If the student function returns expected output when called by reference code. returns (False, error_msg): If the student function fails to return expected output when called by reference code. Returns (False, error_msg): If mandatory arguments are not files or if the required permissions are not given to the file(s). """ if not isfile(ref_code_path): return False, "No file at %s" % ref_code_path if not isfile(submit_code_path): return False, 'No file at %s' % submit_code_path success = False output_path = os.getcwd() + '/output' compile_command = "g++ %s -c -o %s" % (submit_code_path, output_path) ret = self._compile_command(compile_command) proc, stdnt_stderr = ret # Only if compilation is successful, the program is executed # And tested with testcases if stdnt_stderr == '': executable = os.getcwd() + '/executable' compile_main = "g++ %s %s -o %s" % (ref_code_path, output_path, executable) ret = self._compile_command(compile_main) proc, main_err = ret if main_err == '': args = [executable] ret = self._run_command(args, stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, stdout, stderr = ret if proc.returncode == 0: success, err = True, "Correct answer" else: err = stdout + "\n" + stderr os.remove(executable) else: err = "Error:" try: error_lines = main_err.splitlines() for e in error_lines: err = err + "\n" + e.split(":", 1)[1] except: err = err + "\n" + main_err os.remove(output_path) else: err = "Compilation Error:" try: error_lines = stdnt_stderr.splitlines() for e in error_lines: if ':' in e: err = err + "\n" + e.split(":", 1)[1] else: err = err + "\n" + e except: err = err + "\n" + stdnt_stderr return success, err def run_cplus_code(self, answer, test_code, in_dir=None): """Tests given C++ code (`answer`) with the `test_code` supplied. The testcode is a path to the reference code. The reference code will call the function submitted by the student. The reference code will check for the expected output. If the path's start with a "/" then we assume they are absolute paths. If not, we assume they are relative paths w.r.t. the location of this code_server script. If the optional `in_dir` keyword argument is supplied it changes the directory to that directory (it does not change it back to the original when done). Returns ------- A tuple: (success, error message). """ if in_dir is not None and isdir(in_dir): os.chdir(in_dir) # The file extension must be .cpp submit_f = open('submitstd.cpp', 'w') submit_f.write(answer.lstrip()) submit_f.close() submit_path = abspath(submit_f.name) ref_path = test_code.strip() if not ref_path.startswith('/'): ref_path = join(MY_DIR, ref_path) # Add a new signal handler for the execution of this code. old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler) signal.alarm(SERVER_TIMEOUT) # Do whatever testing needed. success = False try: success, err = self._check_c_cpp_code(ref_path, submit_path) except TimeoutException: err = self.timeout_msg except: type, value = sys.exc_info()[:2] err = "Error: {0}".format(repr(value)) finally: # Set back any original signal handler. signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler) # Delete the created file. os.remove(submit_path) # Cancel the signal if any, see signal.alarm documentation. signal.alarm(0) # Put us back into the server pool queue since we are free now. self.queue.put(self.port) return success, err def run_java_code(self, answer, test_code, in_dir=None): """Tests given java code (`answer`) with the `test_code` supplied. The testcode is a path to the reference code. The reference code will call the function submitted by the student. The reference code will check for the expected output. If the path's start with a "/" then we assume they are absolute paths. If not, we assume they are relative paths w.r.t. the location of this code_server script. If the optional `in_dir` keyword argument is supplied it changes the directory to that directory (it does not change it back to the original when done). Returns ------- A tuple: (success, error message). """ if in_dir is not None and isdir(in_dir): os.chdir(in_dir) # The file extension must be .java # The class name and file name must be same in java submit_f = open('Test.java', 'w') submit_f.write(answer.lstrip()) submit_f.close() submit_path = abspath(submit_f.name) ref_path = test_code.strip() if not ref_path.startswith('/'): ref_path = join(MY_DIR, ref_path) # Add a new signal handler for the execution of this code. old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler) signal.alarm(SERVER_TIMEOUT) # Do whatever testing needed. success = False try: success, err = self._check_java_code(ref_path, submit_path) except TimeoutException: err = self.timeout_msg except: type, value = sys.exc_info()[:2] err = "Error: {0}".format(repr(value)) finally: # Set back any original signal handler. signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, old_handler) # Delete the created file. os.remove(submit_path) # Cancel the signal if any, see signal.alarm documentation. signal.alarm(0) # Put us back into the server pool queue since we are free now. self.queue.put(self.port) return success, err def _check_java_code(self, ref_code_path, submit_code_path): """ Function validates student code using instructor code as reference.The first argument ref_code_path, is the path to instructor code, it is assumed to have executable permission. The second argument submit_code_path, is the path to the student code, it is assumed to have executable permission. Returns -------- returns (True, "Correct answer") : If the student function returns expected output when called by reference code. returns (False, error_msg): If the student function fails to return expected output when called by reference code. Returns (False, error_msg): If mandatory arguments are not files or if the required permissions are not given to the file(s). """ if not isfile(ref_code_path): return False, "No file at %s" % ref_code_path if not isfile(submit_code_path): return False, 'No file at %s' % submit_code_path success = False compile_command = "javac %s" % (submit_code_path) ret = self._compile_command(compile_command) proc, stdnt_stderr = ret stdnt_stderr = self._remove_null_substitute_char(stdnt_stderr) # Only if compilation is successful, the program is executed # And tested with testcases if stdnt_stderr == '': student_directory = os.getcwd() + '/' student_file_name = "Test" compile_main = "javac %s -classpath %s -d %s" % (ref_code_path, student_directory, student_directory) ret = self._compile_command(compile_main) proc, main_err = ret main_err = self._remove_null_substitute_char(main_err) if main_err == '': main_file_name = (ref_code_path.split('/')[-1]).split('.')[0] run_command = "java -cp %s %s" % (student_directory, main_file_name) ret = self._run_command(run_command, stdin=None, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) proc, stdout, stderr = ret if proc.returncode == 0: success, err = True, "Correct answer" else: err = stdout + "\n" + stderr success = False os.remove("%s%s.class" % (student_directory, main_file_name)) else: err = "Error:\n" try: error_lines = main_err.splitlines() for e in error_lines: if ':' in e: err = err + "\n" + e.split(":", 1)[1] else: err = err + "\n" + e except: err = err + "\n" + main_err os.remove("%s%s.class" % (student_directory, student_file_name)) else: err = "Compilation Error:\n" try: error_lines = stdnt_stderr.splitlines() for e in error_lines: if ':' in e: err = err + "\n" + e.split(":", 1)[1] else: err = err + "\n" + e except: err = err + "\n" + stdnt_stderr return success, err def _remove_null_substitute_char(self, string): """Returns a string without any null and substitute characters""" stripped = "" for c in string: if ord(c) is not 26 and ord(c) is not 0: stripped = stripped + c return ''.join(stripped) def run(self): """Run XMLRPC server, serving our methods. """ server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", self.port)) self.server = server server.register_instance(self) self.queue.put(self.port) server.serve_forever() ############################################################################### # `ServerPool` class. ############################################################################### class ServerPool(object): """Manages a pool of CodeServer objects.""" def __init__(self, ports, pool_port=50000): """Create a pool of servers. Uses a shared Queue to get available servers. Parameters ---------- ports : list(int) List of ports at which the CodeServer's should run. pool_port : int Port at which the server pool should serve. """ self.my_port = pool_port self.ports = ports queue = Queue(maxsize=len(ports)) self.queue = queue servers = [] for port in ports: server = CodeServer(port, queue) servers.append(server) p = Process(target=server.run) p.start() self.servers = servers def get_server_port(self): """Get available server port from ones in the pool. This will block till it gets an available server. """ q = self.queue was_waiting = True if q.empty() else False port = q.get() if was_waiting: print '*'*80 print "No available servers, was waiting but got server \ later at %d." % port print '*'*80 sys.stdout.flush() return port def run(self): """Run server which returns an available server port where code can be executed. """ server = SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", self.my_port)) self.server = server server.register_instance(self) server.serve_forever() ############################################################################### def main(): run_as_nobody() if len(sys.argv) == 1: ports = SERVER_PORTS else: ports = [int(x) for x in sys.argv[1:]] server_pool = ServerPool(ports=ports, pool_port=SERVER_POOL_PORT) server_pool.run() if __name__ == '__main__': main()