{
"cells": [
 {
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
	   "metadata": {},
	   "source": [
       "# Chapter 11: The Ideal gas and mixture relationships"
	   ]
	},
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.10: Entropy_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"T2=546.6 //R\n",
"T1=520 //R\n",
"T3=560 //R\n",
"v2=1389.2\n",
"v1=186.2\n",
"R0=1.986\n",
"c1=5.02\n",
"c2=4.97\n",
"n1=1\n",
"n2=2\n",
"v3=1203\n",
"//calculations\n",
"ds1=n1*c1*log(T2/T1) + n1*R0*log(v2/v1)\n",
"ds2=n2*c2*log(T2/T3)+n2*R0*log(v2/v3)\n",
"ds=ds1+ds2\n",
"ds3=n1*c1*log(T2/T1)+n2*c2*log(T2/T3)\n",
"ds4=n2*R0*log(v2/v3)+ n1*R0*log(v2/v1)\n",
"dss=ds3+ds4\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Change in  entropy for gas 1 = %.3f Btu/R',ds1)\n",
"printf('\n Change in  entropy for gas 1 = %.3f Btu/R',ds2)\n",
"printf('\n Net change in entropy = %.3f Btu/R',ds)\n",
"printf('\n In case 2, change in entropy = %.3f Btu/R',dss)\n",
"disp('The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in the textbook')"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.11: Entropy_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"m1=1 //lbm\n",
"m2=0.94 //lbm\n",
"M1=29\n",
"M2=18\n",
"p1=50 //psia\n",
"p2=100 //psia\n",
"t1=250 +460 //R\n",
"R0=1.986\n",
"cpa=6.96\n",
"cpb=8.01\n",
"//calculations\n",
"xa = (m1/M1)/((m1/M1)+ m2/M2)\n",
"xb=1-xa\n",
"t2=t1*(p2/p1)^(R0/(xa*cpa+xb*cpb))\n",
"d=R0/(xa*cpa+xb*cpb)\n",
"k=1/(1-d)\n",
"dsa=cpa*log(t2/t1) -R0*log(p2/p1)\n",
"dSa=(m1/M1)*dsa\n",
"dSw=-dSa\n",
"dsw=dSw*M2/m2\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Final remperature = %d R',t2)\n",
"printf('\n Change in entropy of air = %.3f btu/mole R and %.5f Btu/R',dsa,dSa)\n",
"printf('\n Change in entropy of water = %.4f btu/mole R and %.5f Btu/R',dsw,dSw)\n",
"disp('The answers are a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook')"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.12: Volume_and_mass_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"T=250 + 460 //R\n",
"p=29.825 //psia\n",
"pt=50 //psia\n",
"vg=13.821 //ft^3/lbm\n",
"M=29\n",
"R=10.73\n",
"//calculations\n",
"pa=pt-p\n",
"V=1/M *R*T/pa\n",
"ma=V/vg\n",
"xa=p/pt\n",
"mb=xa/M *18/(1-xa)\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('In case 1, volume occupied = %.2f ft^3',V)\n",
"printf('\n In case 1, mass of steam = %.2f lbm steam',ma)\n",
"printf('\n In case 2, mass of steam = %.3f lbm steam',mb)\n",
""
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.13: Percentage_calculation.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"ps=0.64 //psia\n",
"p=14.7 //psia\n",
"M=29\n",
"M2=46\n",
"//calculations\n",
"xa=ps/p\n",
"mb=xa*9/M *M2/(1-xa)\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('percentage = %.1f percent',mb*100)\n",
""
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.14: Partial_Pressure_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"ps=0.5069 //psia\n",
"p=20 //psia\n",
"m1=0.01\n",
"m2=1\n",
"M1=18\n",
"M2=29\n",
"//calculations\n",
"xw= (m1/M1)/(m1/M1+m2/M2)\n",
"pw=xw*p\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('partial pressure of water vapor = %.3f psia',pw)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.1: Work_calculatio.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"n=1.3\n",
"T1=460+60 //R\n",
"P1=14.7 //psia\n",
"P2=125 //psia\n",
"R=1545\n",
"M=29\n",
"//calculations\n",
"T2=T1*(P2/P1)^((n-1)/n)\n",
"wrev=R/M *(T2-T1)/(1-n)\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Work done = %d ft-lbf/lbm',wrev)\n",
"disp('The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook')"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.2: Kinetic_energy_calculation.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"P2=10 //psia\n",
"P1=100 //psia\n",
"T1=900 //R\n",
"w=50 //Btu/lbm\n",
"k=1.39\n",
"cp=0.2418\n",
"//calculations\n",
"T2=T1*(P2/P1)^((k-1)/k)\n",
"T2=477\n",
"KE=-w-cp*(T2-T1)\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Change in kinetic energy = %.1f Btu/lbm',KE)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.3: Temperature_calculatio.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"T1=900 //R\n",
"P1=100 //psia\n",
"P2=10 //psia\n",
"//calculations\n",
"disp('From table B-9')\n",
"pr1=8.411\n",
"pr2=pr1*P2/P1\n",
"T2=468 //R\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Final temperature = %d R ',T2)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.4: Temperature_work_and_Enthalpy_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"cr=6\n",
"p1=14.7 //psia\n",
"t1=60.3 //F\n",
"M=29\n",
"R=1.986\n",
"//calculations\n",
"disp('from table b-9')\n",
"vr1=158.58 \n",
"u1=88.62 //Btu/lbm\n",
"pr1=1.2147\n",
"vr2=vr1/cr\n",
"T2=1050 //R\n",
"u2=181.47 //Btu/lbm\n",
"pr2=14.686\n",
"p2=p1*(pr2/pr1)\n",
"dw=u1-u2\n",
"h2=u2+T2*R/M\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('final temperature = %d R',T2)\n",
"printf('\n final pressure = %.1f psia',p2)\n",
"printf('\n work done = %.2f Btu/lbm',dw)\n",
"printf('\n final enthalpy = %.1f Btu/lbm',h2)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.5: Weight_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"m1=10 //lbm\n",
"m2=15 //lnm\n",
"p=50 //psia\n",
"t=60+460 //R\n",
"M1=32\n",
"M2=28.02\n",
"R0=10.73 \n",
"//calculations\n",
"n1=m1/M1\n",
"n2=m2/M2\n",
"x1=n1/(n1+n2)\n",
"x2=n2/(n1+n2)\n",
"M=x1*M1+x2*M2\n",
"R=R0/M\n",
"V=(n1+n2)*R0*t/p\n",
"rho=p/(R0*t)\n",
"rho2=M*rho\n",
"p1=x1*p\n",
"p2=x2*p\n",
"v1=x1*V\n",
"v2=x2*V\n",
"//results\n",
"disp('part a')\n",
"printf('Mole fractions of oxygen and nitrogen are %.3f and %.3f respectively',x1,x2)\n",
"disp('part b')\n",
"printf('Average molecular weight = %.1f ',M)\n",
"disp('part c')\n",
"printf('specific gas constant = %.4f psia ft^3/lbm R',R)\n",
"disp('part d')\n",
"printf('volume of mixture = %.1f ft^3',V)\n",
"printf('density of mixture is %.5f mole/ft^3 and %.2f lbm/ft^3',rho,rho2)\n",
"disp('part e')\n",
"printf('partial pressures of oxygen and nitrogen are %.2f psia and %.2f psia respectively' ,p1,p2)\n",
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"m1=10 //lbm\n",
"m2=15 //lnm\n",
"p=50 //psia\n",
"t=60+460 //R\n",
"M1=32\n",
"M2=28.02\n",
"R0=10.73 \n",
"//calculations\n",
"n1=m1/M1\n",
"n2=m2/M2\n",
"x1=n1/(n1+n2)\n",
"x2=n2/(n1+n2)\n",
"M=x1*M1+x2*M2\n",
"R=1545/M\n",
"V=(n1+n2)*R0*t/p\n",
"rho=p/(R0*t)\n",
"rho2=M*rho\n",
"p1=x1*p\n",
"p2=x2*p\n",
"v1=x1*V\n",
"v2=x2*V\n",
"pt=p1+p2\n",
"vt=v1+v2\n",
"//results\n",
"disp('part a')\n",
"printf('Mole fractions of oxygen and nitrogen are %.3f and %.3f respectively',x1,x2)\n",
"disp('part b')\n",
"printf('Average molecular weight = %.1f ',M)\n",
"disp('part c')\n",
"printf('specific gas constant = %.4f lbf ft/lbm R',R)\n",
"disp('part d')\n",
"printf('volume of mixture = %.1f ft^3',V)\n",
"printf('\n density of mixture is %.5f mole/ft^3 and %.3f lbm/ft^3',rho,rho2)\n",
"disp('part e')\n",
"printf('partial pressures of oxygen and nitrogen are %.2f psia and %.2f psia respectively' ,p1,p2)\n",
"printf('\n partial volumes of oxygen and nitrogen are %.2f ft^3 and %.2f ft^3 respectively',v1,v2)\n",
"printf('\n Net partial pressure in case of oxygen = %.2f psia',pt)\n",
"printf('\n Net partial volume =%.2f ft^3',vt)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.6: Analysis_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"\n",
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"m1=5.28\n",
"m2=1.28\n",
"m3=23.52\n",
"//calculations\n",
"m=m1+m2+m3\n",
"x1=m1/m\n",
"x2=m2/m\n",
"x3=m3/m\n",
"C=12/44 *m1/ m\n",
"O=(32/44 *m1 + m2)/m\n",
"N=m3/m\n",
"sum1=(x1+x2+x3)*100\n",
"sum2=(C+N+O)*100\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('From gravimetric analysis, co2 = %.1f percent , o2 = %.1f percent and n2 = %.1f percent',x1*100,x2*100,x3*100)\n",
"printf('\n From ultimate analysis, co2 = %.2f percent , o2 = %.2f percent and n2 = %.2f percent',C*100,O*100,N*100)\n",
"printf('\n Sum in case 1 = %.1f percent',sum1)\n",
"printf('\n Sum in case 2 = %.1f percent',sum2)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.7: Entropy_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"x1=1/3\n",
"n1=1\n",
"n2=2\n",
"x2=2/3\n",
"p=12.7 //psia\n",
"cp1=7.01 //Btu/mole R\n",
"cp2=6.94 //Btu/mole R\n",
"R0=1.986\n",
"T2=460+86.6 //R\n",
"T1=460 //R\n",
"p0=14.7 //psia\n",
"//calculations\n",
"p1=x1*p\n",
"p2=x2*p\n",
"ds1= cp1*log(T2/T1) - R0*log(p1/p0)\n",
"ds2= cp2*log(T2/T1) - R0*log(p2/p0)\n",
"S=n1*ds1+n2*ds2\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Entropy of mixture = %.2f Btu/R',S)\n",
"printf('\n the answer given in textbook is wrong. please check using a calculator')"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.8: Internal_energy_and_entropy_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"c1=4.97 //Btu/mol R\n",
"c2=5.02 //Btu/mol R\n",
"n1=2\n",
"n2=1\n",
"T1=86.6+460 //R\n",
"T2=50+460 //R\n",
"//calculations\n",
"du=(n1*c1+n2*c2)*(T2-T1)\n",
"ds=(n1*c1+n2*c2)*log(T2/T1)\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Change in internal energy = %d Btu',du)\n",
"printf('\n Change in entropy = %.3f Btu/R',ds)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 11.9: Pressure_and_temperature_calculations.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc\n",
"clear\n",
"//Initialization of variables\n",
"n1=1\n",
"n2=2\n",
"c1=5.02\n",
"c2=4.97\n",
"t1=60 //F\n",
"t2=100 //F\n",
"R0=10.73\n",
"p1=30 //psia\n",
"p2=10 //psia\n",
"//calcualtions\n",
"t=(n1*c1*t1+n2*c2*t2)/(n1*c1+n2*c2)\n",
"V1= n1*R0*(t1+460)/p1\n",
"V2=n2*R0*(t2+460)/p2\n",
"V=V1+V2\n",
"pm=(n1+n2)*R0*(t+460)/V\n",
"//results\n",
"printf('Pressure of mixture = %.1f psia',pm)\n",
"printf('\n Mixing temperature = %.1f F',t)"
   ]
   }
],
"metadata": {
		  "kernelspec": {
		   "display_name": "Scilab",
		   "language": "scilab",
		   "name": "scilab"
		  },
		  "language_info": {
		   "file_extension": ".sce",
		   "help_links": [
			{
			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
			}
		   ],
		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
		   "name": "scilab",
		   "version": "0.7.1"
		  }
		 },
		 "nbformat": 4,
		 "nbformat_minor": 0
}