{
"cells": [
 {
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
	   "metadata": {},
	   "source": [
       "# Chapter 4: Choppers"
	   ]
	},
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.10: Calculate_average_load_voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.10\n",
"clc;\n",
"Ton=25*10^-3;\n",
"Toff=10*10^-3;\n",
"V=230;\n",
"VL=V*Ton/(Ton+Toff);\n",
"printf('\nAverage value of Load voltage = %.3f V', VL)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.11: Find_maximum_minimum_and_average_load_current_and_load_voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.11\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=100;\n",
"R=0.5;\n",
"L=1*10^-3;\n",
"T=3*10^-3;\n",
"Duty_cycle=0.3333;\n",
"E=0;\n",
"Imax=V/R*((1-exp(-Duty_cycle*T*R/L))/(1-exp(-T*R/L)))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImax = %.2f A', Imax)\n",
"Imin=V/R*((exp(Duty_cycle*T*R/L)-1)/(exp(T*R/L)-1))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImin = %.1f A', Imin)\n",
"IL_avg=(Imax+Imin)/2;\n",
"printf('\nAverage Load current = %.1f A', IL_avg)\n",
"Vavg=Duty_cycle*V;\n",
"printf('\nAverage Load Voltage = %.2f V', Vavg)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.12: Find_maximum_minimum_and_average_output_voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.12\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=100;\n",
"R=0.2;\n",
"L=0.8*10^-3;\n",
"T=2.4*10^-3;\n",
"Duty_cycle=1/2.4;\n",
"E=0;\n",
"Imax=V/R*((1-exp(-Duty_cycle*T*R/L))/(1-exp(-T*R/L)))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImax = %.2f A', Imax)\n",
"Imin=V/R*((exp(Duty_cycle*T*R/L)-1)/(exp(T*R/L)-1))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImin = %.2f A', Imin)\n",
"Vavg=Duty_cycle*V;\n",
"printf('\nAverage output Voltage = %.2f V', Vavg)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.13: Calculate_the_series_inductance_in_the_circuit.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.13\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=500;\n",
"f=400;\n",
"I=10;\n",
"L=V/(4*f*I);\n",
"printf('Series inductance = %.5f H', L)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.14: Calculate_the_motor_speed_and_current_swing.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.14\n",
"clc;\n",
"Motor_output=300*735.5/1000;\n",
"efficiency=0.9;\n",
"Motor_input=Motor_output/efficiency;\n",
"Vdc=800;\n",
"Rated_current=Motor_input*1000/800;\n",
"R=0.1;\n",
"L=100*10^-3;\n",
"T=1/400;\n",
"emf=Vdc-Rated_current*0.1;\n",
"Duty_cycle=0.2;\n",
"emf_n=Duty_cycle*Vdc-Rated_current*0.1;\n",
"N=900/(emf/emf_n);\n",
"printf('\nSpeed of motor = %.2f rpm', N)\n",
"dia=(Vdc-Duty_cycle*Vdc)/L*Duty_cycle*T;\n",
"printf('\nCurrent swing = %.1f A', dia)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.15: Calculate_the_value_of_capacitance_and_inductance.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.15\n",
"clc;\n",
"Vc=200;\n",
"Im=60;\n",
"toff=15*10^-6;\n",
"C1=toff*Im/Vc;\n",
"C=5*10^-6*10^6;\n",
"printf('\nCapacitance = %.0f uF', C)\n",
"Ipc=Im*1.5-Im;\n",
"L=C/(Ipc/Vc)^2*10^6;\n",
"printf('\nInductance = %.1f uH', L)\n",
""
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.16: Calculate_the_period_of_conduction_of_a_step_up_chopper.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.16\n",
"clc;\n",
"Vav=250;\n",
"V=200;\n",
"Toff=0.6*10^-3;\n",
"Ton=(Vav/V)*Toff-Toff;\n",
"printf('Period of conduction = %.5f sec', Ton)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.17: Calculate_the_period_of_conduction_of_a_step_up_chopper.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.16\n",
"clc;\n",
"Vav=250;\n",
"V=150;\n",
"Toff=1*10^-3;\n",
"Ton=(Vav/V)*Toff-Toff;\n",
"printf('Period of conduction = %.6f sec', Ton)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.1: Calculate_the_period_of_conduction_and_blocking.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.1\n",
"clc;\n",
"f=1000;\n",
"T=1/f;\n",
"Vav=150;\n",
"V=230;\n",
"Ton=(Vav/V)*T;\n",
"printf('Period of conduction = %.6f sec', Ton)\n",
"Toff=T-Ton;\n",
"printf('\nPeriod of blocking = %.6f sec', Toff)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.2: Calculate_the_period_of_conduction_and_blocking.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.2\n",
"clc;\n",
"f=500;\n",
"T=1/f;\n",
"Vav=15*(0.06+0.03)+100;\n",
"V=200;\n",
"Ton=(Vav/V)*T;\n",
"printf('Period of conduction = %.7f sec', Ton)\n",
"Toff=T-Ton;\n",
"printf('\nPeriod of blocking = %.7f sec', Toff)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.3: Calculate_the_duty_cycle_for_the_rated_torque_and_half_of_rated_torque.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.3\n",
"clc;\n",
"Vs=240;\n",
"emf_800=Vs-20*0.5;\n",
"emf_600=230*600/800;\n",
"Vav=emf_600+20*0.5;\n",
"Duty_cycle=Vav/Vs;\n",
"printf('Duty cycle when motor develop the rated torque = %.4f ', Duty_cycle)\n",
"//when motor develop half of the rated torque\n",
"Vav=emf_600+10*0.5;\n",
"Duty_cycle=Vav/Vs;\n",
"printf('\nDuty cycle when motor develop half of the rated torque = %.4f ', Duty_cycle)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.4: Find_the_different_parameters_of_a_dc_chopper.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.4\n",
"clc;\n",
"Duty_cycle=0.4;\n",
"Vs=200;\n",
"Vd=2;\n",
"Vav=Duty_cycle*(Vs-Vd);\n",
"printf('Average output voltage = %.1f V', Vav)\n",
"VL=Duty_cycle^0.5*(Vs-Vd);\n",
"printf('\nRMS output voltage = %.3f V', VL)\n",
"R=8;\n",
"Po=VL^2/R;\n",
"Pi=Duty_cycle*Vs*(Vs-Vd)/R;\n",
"Chopper_efficiency=Po/Pi*100;\n",
"printf('\nChopper efficiency = %.0f percent', Chopper_efficiency)\n",
"Rin=R/Duty_cycle;\n",
"printf('\nInput resistance = %.0f Ohm', Rin)\n",
"V1=126.05/2^0.5;\n",
"printf('\nRMS value of fundamental component = %.3f V', V1)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.5: Find_the_chopper_frequency.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.5\n",
"clc;\n",
"Duty_cycle=0.25;\n",
"V=400;\n",
"Vav=Duty_cycle*V;\n",
"Vn=V-Vav;\n",
"L=0.05;\n",
"di=10;\n",
"Ton=L*di/Vn;\n",
"T=Ton/Duty_cycle;\n",
"f=1/T;\n",
"printf('\nChopper frequency = %.0f Hz', f)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.6: Find_the_different_parameters_of_a_chopper_feeding_a_RL_load.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.6\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=200;\n",
"R=4;\n",
"L=6*10^-3;\n",
"f=1000;\n",
"T=1/f;\n",
"Duty_cycle=0.5;\n",
"E=0;\n",
"Imax=V/R*((1-exp(-Duty_cycle*T*R/L))/(1-exp(-T*R/L)))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImax = %.2f A', Imax)\n",
"Imin=V/R*((exp(Duty_cycle*T*R/L)-1)/(exp(T*R/L)-1))-E/R;\n",
"printf('\nImin = %.2f A', Imin)\n",
"Maximum_ripple=V/(R*f*L);\n",
"printf('\nMaximum ripple = %.2f A', Maximum_ripple)\n",
"IL_avg=(Imax+Imin)/2;\n",
"printf('\nAverage Load current = %.0f A', IL_avg)\n",
"iL=(Imin^2+(Imax-Imin)^2/3+Imin*(Imax-Imin))^0.5;\n",
"printf('\nRMS value of Load current = %.2f A', iL)\n",
"Iavg=0.5*IL_avg;\n",
"printf('\nAverage value of input current = %.2f A', Iavg)\n",
"Irms=Duty_cycle^0.5*iL;\n",
"printf('\nRMS value of input current = %.3f A', Irms)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.7: Calculate_the_load_inductance.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.7\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=300;\n",
"E=0;\n",
"R=5;\n",
"f=250;\n",
"Id=0.2*30;\n",
"L=V/(4*f*Id);\n",
"printf('Load inductance = %.3f H', L)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.8: Calculate_the_current.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.8\n",
"clc;\n",
"V=200;\n",
"E=100;\n",
"R=0.5;\n",
"t=2*10^-3;\n",
"L=16*10^-3;\n",
"Imin=10;\n",
"i=(V-E)/R*(1-exp(-R*t/L))+Imin*exp(-R*t/L);\n",
"printf('Current at the instant of turn off thyristor = %.2f A', i)\n",
"t=5*10^-3;\n",
"i_5=i*exp(-R*t/L);\n",
"printf('\nCurrent after 5ms of turn off thyristor = %.2f A', i_5)"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 4.9: Find_the_speed_of_motor.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"//4.9\n",
"clc;\n",
"emf=220;\n",
"duty_cycle=0.6;\n",
"Vi=220*duty_cycle;\n",
"Ra=1;\n",
"I=20;\n",
"emf_back=Vi-I*Ra;\n",
"N_no_load=1000;\n",
"N=emf_back*N_no_load/emf;\n",
"printf('\nSpeed of motor = %.1f rpm', N)"
   ]
   }
],
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		   "display_name": "Scilab",
		   "language": "scilab",
		   "name": "scilab"
		  },
		  "language_info": {
		   "file_extension": ".sce",
		   "help_links": [
			{
			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
			}
		   ],
		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
		   "name": "scilab",
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