{
"cells": [
 {
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
	   "metadata": {},
	   "source": [
       "# Chapter 6: Noise"
	   ]
	},
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.1: Thermal_Noise.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clear;\n",
"clc;\n",
"T=290; // temperature in kelvin\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23); // Boltzman constant\n",
"B=1;// bandwidth in MHz\n",
"\n",
"P=k*T*B*10^(6); // thermal noise power\n",
"disp('the thermal noise power (in watts) is ');\n",
"disp(P);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.2_A: SNR_and_Noise_Figure.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"\n",
"Inp_sig_pow=1.5*10^(-9); //Input Signal Power in Watts\n",
"Inp_noi_pow=1.5*10^(-18); //Input Noise Power in Watts\n",
"Pow_gain=10^(6);\n",
"int_noi=4*10^(-12); //internal noise in watts\n",
"\n",
"//a)\n",
"Inp_SNR=10*log10(Inp_sig_pow/Inp_noi_pow);// input SNR in dB\n",
"\n",
"//b)\n",
"Nout=Pow_gain*Inp_noi_pow+int_noi //output output noise power\n",
"\n",
"Pout=Pow_gain*Inp_sig_pow //output signal power\n",
"\n",
"SNR=Pout/Nout;// Signal to Noise ratio\n",
"SNRout=10*log10(SNR);// Output SNR in dB\n",
"\n",
"//c)\n",
"F=10^(9)/(273*10^(6)); //Noise factor\n",
"NF=10*log10(F);// Noise figure in dB\n",
"\n",
"disp('Input SNR (in dB) is');\n",
"disp(Inp_SNR);\n",
"disp('Output SNR ( in dB) is');\n",
"disp(SNRout);\n",
"disp('Noise factor');\n",
"disp(F);\n",
"disp('Noise Figure(in dB)');\n",
"disp(NF);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.2: Noise_voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"T=290;// temperature in kelvin\n",
"R=60;//resistance in ohms\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23);\n",
"\n",
"Esquare=4*R*T*k;\n",
"E=sqrt(Esquare); //noise voltage\n",
"\n",
"disp('the noise voltage( in volts) is')\n",
"disp(E);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.3_A: Noise_Voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"q=1.6*10^(-19);// electron charge\n",
"Ieq=5;//equivalent shot noise current in uA\n",
"Bn=8;//bandwidth in MHz\n",
"Rn=200;\n",
"Rs=100;//resistance in ohms\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23);// boltzman constant\n",
"T=290;//temperature in K\n",
"Vs=10// RMS signal source volatage in uV\n",
"\n",
"In=sqrt(2*Ieq*q*Bn);\n",
"\n",
"Vni=Rs*In;//shot noise voltage \n",
"\n",
"Vns=sqrt(4*Rs*k*T*Bn*10^(6));//thermal noise volatge from source\n",
"\n",
"//change in answer due to calculation error in book \n",
"Vne=sqrt(4*Rn*k*T*Bn*10^(6));//noise voltage by equivalent noise resistance\n",
"\n",
"Vn=sqrt(Vni^2+Vns^2+Vne^2);// total noise voltage\n",
"\n",
"SNR=20*log10(Vs*10^(-6)/Vn);\n",
"\n",
"disp('shot noise voltage(in V) is ');\n",
"disp(Vni);\n",
"disp('thermal noise voltage from source(in V) is');\n",
"disp(Vns);\n",
"disp('noise voltage by equivalent noise resistance(in V) is');\n",
"disp(Vne);\n",
"disp('total noise voltage at the input(in V) is');\n",
"disp(Vn);\n",
"disp('SNR (in dB) is');\n",
"disp(SNR);\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
""
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.3: Thermal_Noise_Voltage.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clear;\n",
"clc;\n",
"B=150;// bandwidth in KHz\n",
"R1=30;\n",
"R2=60;// both resistors R1 and R2 in K-ohms\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23);// boltzman constant\n",
"T=290; //temperature in Kelvin\n",
"\n",
"Esquare=4*R1*10^(3)*k*B*10^(3)*T;\n",
"E=sqrt(Esquare);\n",
" \n",
"disp('series combination Rseries(in K-ohms)=');\n",
"disp(R1+R2);\n",
"Eseries=E*sqrt(3);\n",
"disp('the thermal noise voltage (in volts) is');\n",
"disp(Eseries);\n",
"\n",
"disp('series combination Rseries(in K-ohms)=');\n",
"disp(R1*R2/(R1+R2));\n",
"Eparallel=E*sqrt(2/3);\n",
"disp('the thermal noise voltage (in volts) is');\n",
"disp(Eparallel);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.4_A: Output_SNR.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"S=4;//number of stages\n",
"SNR_input=55;//input Signal to Noise ratio in dB\n",
"\n",
"SNR_output=SNR_input-10*log10(S);\n",
"\n",
"disp('Output SNR( in dB) is');\n",
"disp(SNR_output);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.4: Shot_Noise.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"\n",
"Idc=2; //direct current in mA \n",
"q=1.6*10^(-19); // electron charge\n",
"B=3; //bandwidth in MHz\n",
"\n",
"Isquare=2*Idc*10^(-3)*q*B*10^6;\n",
"I=sqrt(Isquare); //shot noise component\n",
"\n",
"disp('the shot noise component(in amperes) is');\n",
"disp(I);\n",
" "
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.5_A: Output_SNR.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"F=5; //noise figure in dB\n",
"SNR_input=55;//Input Signal to noise ratio in dB\n",
"SNR_output=SNR_input-F;\n",
"disp('Output SNR (in dB) is');\n",
"disp(SNR_output);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.5: Output_SNR.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"Np1=60; // Noise-Power ratio of first system in dB\n",
"Np2=40; // Noise-Power ratio of second system in dB\n",
"Np3=30; // Noise-Power ratio of third system in dB\n",
"Np4=50; // Noise-Power ratio of fourth system in dB\n",
" \n",
" P1=10^(-6); //power ratio of first system\n",
" P2=10^(-4); //power ratio of second system\n",
" P3=10^(-3); //power ratio of third system\n",
" P4=10^(-5);//power ratio of fourth system\n",
" \n",
" SNR=(P1+P2+P3+P4); // Overall Signal to Noise ratio\n",
"  disp('SNR ratio is');\n",
"  disp(SNR);\n",
"  \n",
"  N_final=30; //since SNR is 10^(-3)\n",
" \n",
" disp('overall SNR (in dB)is');\n",
" disp(N_final);\n",
" \n",
" disp('the overall SNR is equal to that of the worst system')\n",
" "
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.6_A: Noise_Figure.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"F=16;// Power ratio in dB\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23) ;// boltzman constant\n",
"T=290; //temperature in K\n",
"B=5; //Bandwidth in MHz\n",
"\n",
"P=(F-1)*k*T*B*10^(6);\n",
"disp(' Amplifier Inout noise power (in watts) is');\n",
"disp(P);\n",
" "
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.6: Output_SNR.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"N_figure=8 ;//Noise figure in dB\n",
"SNR_in=45; //Signal to  Noise ratio in dB\n",
"\n",
"SNR_out=SNR_in-N_figure //output Signal to Noise ratio\n",
"\n",
"disp('the Output SNR(in dB) is ');\n",
"disp(SNR_out);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.7_A: Overall_noise_figure.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"Nf1=7; //Noise figure of first stage in dB\n",
"F1=5.01; //first power ratio\n",
"Nf2=25; //Noise figure of second stage in dB\n",
"F2=316.22; //second power ratio\n",
"pG=15; //power gain in dB\n",
"G1=31.62; //power ratio\n",
"\n",
"F=F1+(F2-1)/G1;\n",
"\n",
"disp('overall noise factor');\n",
"disp(F);\n",
"disp('Overall noise factor in dB')\n",
"disp(10*log10(F)); "
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.8_A: Noise_Temperature.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"Nf=15; //noise figure in dB\n",
"F=31.62;//power ratio\n",
"T=290; //Temperature in K\n",
"T_em=(F-1)*T\n",
"\n",
"G1=10^(6); //power ratio\n",
"N_t=80; //Noise temperature in K\n",
"T_e=N_t+T_em/G1;\n",
"\n",
"disp('Noise temperature of receiver (in K)');\n",
"disp(T_em);\n",
"\n",
"// change in answer....the calculation in the book is wrong\n",
"\n",
"disp('Overall Noise temperature of receiving system(in K) is');\n",
"disp(T_e);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.9_A: Noise_Temperature.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"ENR=31.62; //10^(1.5);\n",
"Y=6.30; //10^(0.8)\n",
"T=290;//temperature in K\n",
"T_h=T*(ENR+1);\n",
"\n",
"T_e=(T_h-Y*(T))/(Y-1);\n",
"disp('Equivalent Noise Temperature (in K) is');\n",
"disp(T_e);"
   ]
   }
,
{
		   "cell_type": "markdown",
		   "metadata": {},
		   "source": [
			"## Example 6.A: Thermal_Noise_Power.sce"
		   ]
		  },
  {
"cell_type": "code",
	   "execution_count": null,
	   "metadata": {
	    "collapsed": true
	   },
	   "outputs": [],
"source": [
"clc;\n",
"clear;\n",
"T=290;//Temperature in K\n",
"B=15; //Bandwidth in KHz\n",
"k=1.38*10^(-23); //Boltzman constant\n",
"R=60; //resistance in ohms\n",
"\n",
"N=k*T*B*10^(3); //Therman Noise Power in watts\n",
"N_dBm=10*log10(N/0.001);//in dBm\n",
"\n",
"Vrms=sqrt(4*R*k*T*B*10^(3));\n",
"\n",
"disp('thermal noise power (in watts) is');\n",
"disp(N);\n",
"disp('thermal noise power (in dBm) is');\n",
"disp(N_dBm);\n",
"disp('RMS noise voltage (in Volts) is');\n",
"disp(Vrms);"
   ]
   }
],
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