clear; clc; //Caption:Find output resistance Ro //Given Data Vo=25;//in V ro=10;//in ohm Rz = 12;//in ohm Vo=25;//output voltage in V Vr = 7.5 + 7.5;//because two diodes are used Iz = 20;//in mA Ie2=10;//in mA Ic2 = Ie2; Icmax=30;//in mA Vcemax=45;//in V hFE2=220; hfe2=200; hie2=800;//in ohm Id=10;//in mA Il = 1000;//in mA Vi = 50;//in V dVi = 10; //change in input voltage dIl = 1;//change in load current //For D1 and D2 operate Iz = Id + Id; Rd = (Vo-Vr)/Id; Ib2 = (1000*Ic2)/hFE2; //Since we require I1>Ib2 , we select I1=10*(10^-3);//in A Vbe = 0.7;//in V V2 = Vbe + Vr; R1 = (Vo-V2)/I1; R2 = V2/I1; //We are selecting Texas Instruments 2N1722 silicon power transistor, so following parameters are required Ic1 = 1;//in A hFE1=125; hfe1=100; hie1=20; Ib1 =(1000*I1 + Il + Id)/hFE1; //The current through resistor R3 is I=Ib1 + Ic2; R3 = (Vi - (Vbe + Vo))/I; Gm = hfe2*(R2/(R2+R1))*(1/((R1*R2/(R1+R2))+hie2+(1+hfe2)*Rz)) ; disp(Gm,'Gm='); Ro = (ro + (((1000*R3) + hie1)/(1+hfe1)))/(1 + (Gm*((1000*R3) + ro))); disp('K',Ro,'The output impedence is = '); //End