// Scilab Code Ex16.8: Page-602(2014) clc; clear; c = 3.00e+008; // Speed of light, m/s H = 22; // Hubble constant, km/s per million ly G = 6.67e-011; // Universal gravitational constant, N-Sq.m/kg^2 rho_c = 3/(8*%pi)*H^2/G*1e+003/(c*365.25*24*60*60*1e+006)^2; // The critical density of the universe, g/cc printf("\nThe critical density of the universe = %3.1e g/cc", rho_c); // Result //The critical density of the universe = 9.7e-030 g/cc