From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: priyanka
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530
Subject: initial commit / add all books

---
 866/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sce   | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sce   | 18 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH11/EX12.8/12_8.sce   |  9 ++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce   | 16 ++++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce | 14 ++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce | 17 +++++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce   | 20 +++++++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce   | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce   | 17 +++++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce   |  9 ++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce   | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce   | 14 ++++++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce   |  9 ++++++++
 866/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce   | 12 +++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce   | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.10/14_10.sce | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce   | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce   | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce   | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce   | 21 ++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce   | 21 ++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce   | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce   | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce   | 10 +++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sce   | 11 ++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.18/16_18.sce | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.19/16_19.sce | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce   | 14 ++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.20/16_20.sce | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.21/16_21.sce | 22 +++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.22/16_22.sce | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.23/16_23.sce | 20 +++++++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce   | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sce   | 14 ++++++++++++
 866/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce   | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH18/EX18.1/18_1.sce   | 11 ++++++++++
 866/CH18/EX18.2/18_2.sce   | 12 +++++++++++
 866/CH18/EX18.3/18_3.sce   | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH18/EX18.7/18_7.sce   | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce      | 17 +++++++++++++++
 866/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce      | 16 ++++++++++++++
 866/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce      | 21 ++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce      | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.1/20_1.sce   | 21 ++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.2/20_2.sce   | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.3/20_3.sce   | 17 +++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.4/20_4.sce   | 20 +++++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.6/20_6.sce   | 20 +++++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.7/20_7.sce   | 22 +++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH20/EX20.8/20_8.sce   | 21 ++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce      |  8 +++++++
 866/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce    | 12 +++++++++++
 866/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce      | 10 +++++++++
 866/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce      | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce      | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce      | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce      | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce      | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sce      | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sce      | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce      | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce      | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce      | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce      | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce      | 10 +++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce      | 17 +++++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sce      | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce      | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce      | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.6/7_6.sce      | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.7/7_7.sce      | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce      | 14 ++++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce      | 15 +++++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.2/9_2.sce      | 16 ++++++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce      | 13 +++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce      | 19 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce      | 18 ++++++++++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce      | 10 +++++++++
 866/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce      | 20 +++++++++++++++++
 80 files changed, 1474 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 866/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH11/EX12.8/12_8.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.10/14_10.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.18/16_18.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.19/16_19.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.20/16_20.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.21/16_21.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.22/16_22.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.23/16_23.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH18/EX18.1/18_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH18/EX18.2/18_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH18/EX18.3/18_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH18/EX18.7/18_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.1/20_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.2/20_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.3/20_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.4/20_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.6/20_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.7/20_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH20/EX20.8/20_8.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.6/7_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.7/7_7.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.2/9_2.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce
 create mode 100755 866/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce

(limited to '866')

diff --git a/866/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sce b/866/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..60585c981
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Lab= 2 //m
+Lbc= 0.5 //m
+Dab= 200 //mm
+Dbc= 100 //mm
+T= 50 //KNm
+G= 80000 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+Jab= %pi*Dab^4/32
+Jbc= %pi*Dbc^4/32
+Tc= T/((Lbc*Jab)/(Lab*Jbc)+1)
+Ta= T-Tc
+if(Dab<Dbc)
+    Dbc=Dab;Tc=Ta;
+else
+    Dab=Dab;Tc=Tc
+end
+Stressmax= (Tc*10^6*Dbc*32)/(2*%pi*Dbc^4)
+angleoftwist= Ta*10^6*Lab*32*10^3*180/(G*%pi*Dab^4*%pi)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Stress max= %.1f N/mm^2',Stressmax)
+printf (' \n Anlge of twist=% 2f degrees',angleoftwist)
diff --git a/866/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sce b/866/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..87e194c2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+d= 200 //mm
+l= 2 //m
+Shearstressmax= 200 //N/mm^2
+Maximumangleoftwist= 2 //degrees
+Maxtorque= 30/2 //KNm
+G= 25000 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+tmin= (Maxtorque*10^6*4)/(2*%pi*d^2*Shearstressmax)
+x1=l/2
+c=0
+dtbydx= (Maxtorque*%pi*200*16)/(4*%pi^2*d^4*G*tmin)
+theta= (Maxtorque*%pi*200*16)/(4*%pi^2*d^4*G*tmin)*x1+c
+tminimum= (Maxtorque*%pi*200*10^9*180*16)/(4*%pi^2*d^4*G*Maximumangleoftwist*%pi)*x1
+//RESULTS   
+printf ('minimum allowable thickness= %.1f mm',tminimum)
+
diff --git a/866/CH11/EX12.8/12_8.sce b/866/CH11/EX12.8/12_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a23400a16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH11/EX12.8/12_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+b=250 //mm
+BM=350*10^3 //Nm
+SigmaCu=30 //N/mm^2
+SigmaY=400 //N/mm^2
+d1=sqrt(BM*10^3 /(0.15*SigmaCu*b))
+lever=3*d1/4
+As=BM*10^3/(0.87*SigmaY*lever)
+printf("As=%f mmm^2",As)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dbc715f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+TimberB= 100 //mm
+TimberH= 400 //mm
+SteelB= 12 //mm
+SteelH= 300 //mm
+Bm= 50 //KNm
+ratio= 12
+//CALCULATIONS
+It= 2*TimberB*TimberH^3/12
+Is= ratio*SteelH^3/12
+sigmat= -(Bm*10^6*TimberH/2)/(It+ratio*Is)
+sigmas= -(Bm*10^6*SteelH/2)/(Is+It/ratio)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Maximum stress in timber= %.1f mm^2 (+ or -)',sigmat)
+printf (' \n Maximum stress in steel=%.1f N/mm^2 (+ or -)',sigmas)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4f652cbde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//CLC
+w= 1200 //mm
+d= 618 //mm
+t= 150 //mm
+BM= 500 //KNm
+Scu= 30 //N/mm^2
+Sy= 410 //mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+Mu= 0.4*Scu*w*t*(d-(t/2))*10^-6
+n= d-sqrt(d^2-(2*BM*10^6/(0.4*Scu*w)))
+l= d-(n/2)
+As= BM*10^6/(0.87*Sy*l)
+//RESULTS
+printf("As(mm^2) = %.2f",As)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4b3d8607b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc
+thick=150 //mm
+width=1.8 //m
+depth=562 //mm
+SigmaCu=30 //N/mm^2
+SigmaY=350 //N/mm^2
+BM=709 //KNm
+As=2*BM*10^6 /(0.87*SigmaY*depth)
+Tensile=0.87*SigmaY*As
+disp(Tensile)
+Compressive=0.4*width*thick*SigmaCu*10^3
+disp(Compressive)
+n1=0.87*SigmaY*8530/(0.4*SigmaCu*width*10^3)
+disp(n1)
+Mu=0.87*SigmaY*8530*(SigmaY+6-n1/2)*10^(-6)
+printf("Mu=%f KNm",Mu)
+printf("\n This is greater than applied moment. hence it is satisfactory")
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9b52738cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc
+TimberB=100 //mm
+TimberH=200 //mm
+It=TimberB*TimberH^3 /12
+SteelB=15 //mm
+SteelH=100 //mm
+ratio=15
+Is=2*SteelB*SteelH*(SteelH+SteelB/2)^2
+Load=10 //KN/m
+Span=4 //m
+Mmax=Load*Span^2 *10^6 /8 //Nm
+sigmaT=Mmax*TimberH/2/(It+ratio*Is)
+sigmaS=Mmax*(SteelH+SteelB)/(Is+It/ratio)
+printf("The maximum stress in Timber=%f N/mm^2",sigmaT)
+printf(" \n The maximum stress in Steel=%f N/mm^2",sigmaS)
+Shear=Load*Span/2
+printf("Max. Shear force in beam at the supports = %f kN", Shear)
+Tav=Mmax/(TimberH*TimberB)
+ShearPerlength=Tav*TimberB
+printf("\n Shear force per unit length in timber/steel connection= %f N/m",ShearPerlength)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bb9441086
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+b=200 //mm
+d=350 //mm
+dia=20 //mm
+BM=30*10^3 //Nm
+m=15
+As=2*%pi*dia^2 /4
+n=m*As*(sqrt(1+ 2*b*d/(m*As))-1)/b
+Ic=b*n^3 /3 + m*As*(d-n)^2
+SigmaC=-BM*n*10^3/Ic
+printf("Stress in concrete=%f N/mm^2 compression",SigmaC)
+SigmaS=m*BM*10^3*(d-n)/Ic
+printf("\n Stress in Steel=%f N/mm^2 tension",SigmaS)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bd15f39ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc
+b=250 //mm
+d=400 //mm
+dia=20 //mm
+n=3
+SigmaC=7 //N/mm^2
+SigmaS=140 //N/mm^2
+m=15
+As=n*%pi*dia^2 /4
+n=m*As*(sqrt(1+ 2*b*d/(m*As))-1)/b
+BMC=SigmaC*b*n*(d-n/3)*10^(-6) /2
+BMS=SigmaS*As*(d-n/3)*10^(-6)
+if BMC>=BMS then
+    printf("Limiting material is Steel and moment of resistance of the beam is %f",BMS)
+else
+    printf("Limiting material is Concrete and moment of resistance of the beam is %f",BMC)
+end
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..287d5efe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+d=400 //mm
+m=15
+ASs=120 //N/mm^2
+ASc=6.5 //N/mm^2
+BM=40*10^3 //Nm
+n=d/(ASs/(ASc*m) +1 )
+As=BM*10^3/(ASs*(d-n/3))
+printf("required area= %f mm^2",As)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b74a57828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+b=180 //mm
+d=360 //mm
+m=15
+BM=45*10^3 //Nm
+depth=40 //mm
+Sc=8.5 //N/mm^2
+Ss=140 //N/mm^2
+n=d/(Ss/(Sc*m) +1 )
+Ast=(BM*10^3 - Sc*b*n*(n/3 - depth)/2)/(Ss*(d-depth))
+Asc=(m*Ast*(d-n) - b*n^2 /2 )/((m-1)*(n-depth))
+SigmaSC=-m*(n-depth)*Sc/n
+printf("Area of reinforcement steel = %f mm^2",Ast)
+printf("\n Area of reinforcement concrete= %f mm^2",Asc)
+printf("\n Stress in compresson steel=%f N/mm^2 compression",SigmaSC)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1c6f3021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//CLC
+d= 600 //mm
+b= 250 //mm
+BM= 350 //KNm
+t= 28
+Sc= 30 //N/mm^2
+T= 400 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+Mu= 0.15*Sc*b*d^2*10^-6
+n= d-sqrt(d^2-(2*BM*10^6/(0.4*Sc*b)))
+l= d-(n/2)
+As= BM*10^6/(l*T*0.87)
+//RESULTS
+printf("As(mm^2) = %.2f",As)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a23400a16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+b=250 //mm
+BM=350*10^3 //Nm
+SigmaCu=30 //N/mm^2
+SigmaY=400 //N/mm^2
+d1=sqrt(BM*10^3 /(0.15*SigmaCu*b))
+lever=3*d1/4
+As=BM*10^3/(0.87*SigmaY*lever)
+printf("As=%f mmm^2",As)
diff --git a/866/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce b/866/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e745d8fab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+b=300 //mm
+d=618 //mm
+depth=60 //mm
+SigmaCu=30 //N/mm^2
+SigmaY=410 //N/mm^2
+BM=650 //Nm
+Mu=0.15*SigmaCu*b*d^2 *10^(-6)
+Asc=(BM-Mu)*10^6 /((d-depth)*0.72*SigmaY)
+Ast=Mu*10^6/(0.75*d*SigmaY*0.87) + (BM-Mu)*10^6/((d-depth)*0.87*SigmaY)
+printf("Asc=%f mm^2",Asc)
+printf("\n Ast=%f mm^2",Ast)
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7ead5d32e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+d= 2 //m
+t= 20 //mm
+p= 1.5 //N/mm^2
+load= 2500 //KN
+alpha= 60 //degrees
+//CALCULATIONS
+Cs= (p*d*10^3)/(2*t)
+Ls= (p*d*10^3)/(4*t)
+Ds= (load*10^3)/(%pi*d*t*10^3)
+Ts= Ls+Ds
+sigman= (Ts*t*(cosd(90-alpha))^2+Cs*t*(cosd(alpha))^2)/t
+tab= Ts*sind(alpha)*cosd(alpha)-Cs*sind(alpha)*cosd(alpha)
+tmax= (Ts-Cs)/2
+//RESULTS
+printf ('direct stress= %.1f N/mm^2',sigman)
+printf (' \n Shear stress=%.1f N/mm^2',tab)
+printf (' \n maximum Shear stress=%.1f N/mm^2',tmax)
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.10/14_10.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.10/14_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9358e82f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.10/14_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+BeamL= 250 //mm
+BeamH= 500 //mm
+spanlength= 4 //m
+Failurestress= 1.5 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+W1= (Failurestress*BeamL*BeamH^3)/(10^3*BeamL*12)
+W2= (4*Failurestress*BeamL*BeamH)/3
+if(W1>W2)
+    printf ("W2= %.2e kN",W2)
+else
+    printf ("W2= %.2e kN",W1)
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..12ff51aff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+load= 50000 //N
+torque= 1200 //Nm
+d= 60//mm
+t= 1.5 //mm
+alpha= 60 //degrees 
+//CALCULATIONS
+BM= load*t
+axialload= (load*4)/(%pi*d^2)
+bendingmoment= (BM*d*64)/(%pi*d^4*2)
+Ts= axialload+bendingmoment
+shearstress= (torque*10^3*d*32)/(2*%pi*d^4)
+sigman= -Ts*(cosd(alpha-30))^2+shearstress*cosd(alpha-30)*sind(alpha-30)+shearstress*cosd(alpha-30)*sind(alpha-30)
+T= -Ts*sind(alpha)*cosd(alpha)-shearstress*(sind(alpha))^2+shearstress*(cosd(alpha)^2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('direct stress= %.1f N/mm^2',sigman)
+printf (' \n Shear stress=%.1f N/mm^2',T)
+
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..af9f5eecd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+directstress= 80 //N.mm^2
+shearstress= 45 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+Sx= directstress 
+Sy= 0
+Txy= shearstress
+sigma1= ((Sx+Sy)/2)+(sqrt((Sx-Sy)^2+4*Txy^2))/2
+sigma2= ((Sx+Sy)/2)-(sqrt((Sx-Sy)^2+4*Txy^2))/2
+theta= (atand(-((2*Txy)/(Sx-Sy))))/2
+direction1= theta
+direction2= theta-90
+Tmax= (sigma1-sigma2) /2
+theta1= direction1-45
+theta2= direction2-45
+//RESULTS
+printf ('principal stress1= %.1f N/mm^2',sigma1)
+printf (' \n principal stress2=%.1f N/mm^2',sigma2)
+printf (' \n direction of principal stress1=%.1f degrees',direction1)
+printf (' \n.direction of principal stress2=%.1f degrees',direction2)
+printf (' \n.maximum shear stress=%.1f N/mm^2',Tmax)
+printf (' \n.derection of plane1=%.1f degrees',theta1)
+printf (' \n.derection of plane2=%.1f degrees',theta2)
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d2abc4e3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+sigmax= 60 //N/mm^2
+sigmay= -40 //N/mm^2
+Txy= 50 //N/mm^2
+E= 200000 //N/mm^2
+mu= 0.3
+//CALCULATIONS
+Sx= (sigmax-mu*sigmay)/E
+Sy= (sigmay-mu*sigmax)/E
+G= E/(2*(1+mu))
+gamaxy= Txy/G
+e1= ((Sx+Sy)/2+(sqrt((Sx-Sy)^2+(gamaxy)^2))/2)
+e2= ((Sx+Sy)-(sqrt((Sx-Sy)^2+gamaxy^2)))/2
+theta= atand(-gamaxy/(Sx-Sy))/2
+theta1= -90+theta
+//RESULTS
+printf ('direct strain in x direction= %.2e ',Sx)
+printf (' \n direct strain in y direction=%.2e ',Sy)
+printf (' \n Gamaxy=%.2e ',gamaxy)
+printf (' \n.principal strain1=%.9e ',e1)
+printf (' \n.principal strain2=%.9e ',e2)
+printf (' \n.direction of plane1=%.1f degrees',theta)
+printf (' \n.direction of plane2=%.1f degrees',theta1)
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..22f8b2afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+ea= 1000*10^-6
+eb= -200*10^-6
+ec= -300*10^-6
+sigmay= 0 //N/mm^2
+E= 70000 //N/mm^2
+mu= 0.3
+d= 50 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+e1= ((ea+ec)/2)+sqrt(((ea-eb)^2+(ec-eb)^2)/2)
+e2= ((ea+ec)/2)-sqrt(((ea-eb)^2+(ec-eb)^2)/2)
+sigma1= (E*(e1+mu*e2))/(1-mu^2)
+sigma2= (E*(e2+mu*e1))/(1-mu^2)
+sigmax= sigma1+sigma2
+Txy= sqrt((((sigma1*2)-(sigmax))^2-(sigmax^2)))/2
+P= sigmax*((%pi/4)*(d^2))
+T= Txy*((%pi/32)*(50^4)/25)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('T= %.2fNm',T) 
+printf ('\n P= %.2fN',P) 
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..32d194fe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+sigmax= 140 //N/mm^2
+sigmay= -70 //N/mm^2
+Txy= 60 //N/mm^2
+T= 225 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+sigma1= (sigmax+sigmay)/2+(sqrt((sigmax-sigmay)^2+4*(Txy^2)))/2
+sigma2= (sigmax+sigmay)/2-(sqrt((sigmax-sigmay)^2+4*(Txy^2)))/2
+sigmaY= sigma1-sigma2
+sigmaY1= sqrt(sigma1^2+sigma2^2-sigma1*sigma2)
+if(sigmaY>T)
+    disp("Tresca theory failure has ocurred")
+else
+    disp("Tresca theory failed")
+end
+if(sigmaY1<T)
+    disp("According to Von Mises theory material has not failed")
+else
+    disp("According to Von Mises theory material has failed")
+end
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..388468b65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 250 //KNm
+Torquemax= 200 //KNm
+allowablestress= 180 //N/mm^2
+L=250 //mm
+B= 500 //mm
+t= 10 //mm
+t1= 12 //mm 
+//CALCULATIONS
+Stressmax= (Torquemax*10^6)/(2*B*L*t)
+I= (2*t1*L*L^2)+((2*t*B^3)/12)
+sigma= (M*10^6*B)/(2*I)
+Stressallowable= sqrt(sigma^2+3*(Stressmax^2))
+if(Stressallowable<allowablestress)
+    disp("Box grider section is satisfactory")
+else
+    disp("Box grider section is  not satisfactory")
+end
diff --git a/866/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce b/866/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1977dd17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+BeamL= 60 //mm
+BeamB= 100 //mm
+Load= 60000 //N
+Stress=  150 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+sigmax= Load/(BeamL*BeamB)
+stressmax1= sqrt((Stress/2)^2-(sigmax^2/4))
+Sy1= (2*stressmax1*BeamL*BeamB)/3
+stressmax2= sqrt((Stress^2-(sigmax^2/4))/3-(sigmax^2/4))
+Sy2= (2*stressmax2*BeamL*BeamB)/3  
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Shear force using Tresca= %.2e N',Sy1)
+printf (' \n Shear force using Von Misses=%.2e N',Sy2)
diff --git a/866/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce b/866/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..234438507
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Xae= 3 //m
+Ycd= 4 //m
+Yde= 4 //m
+Fc= 30 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+Fba= Fc*Ycd/Xae
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Fba= %.2fKN',Fba)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8658fd863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 4
+N= 3
+r= 5
+//CALCULATIONS
+Ns= 3*(M-N+1)-r
+nk= 3*N-M
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ns= %.f ',Ns)
+printf (' \n Nk= %.f ',nk)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ff1341d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= -10 //KN/m
+r= 5 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rav= -W*2*r/2
+Rbv= Rav
+function[y]=conv(x)
+    y=125*(sin(x))^2*5*(sin(x))*5
+endfunction
+v=intg(0,%pi,conv)
+function[y]=conk(x)
+    y=25*(sin(x))^2*5
+endfunction
+k=intg(0,%pi,conk)
+Rbh= v/k
+Rah= Rbh
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rav= %.2f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Rbv=%.2f KN',Rbv)
+printf (' \n Rah=%.2f KN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Rbh=%.2f KN',Rbh) 
+
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.18/16_18.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.18/16_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..45c21043d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.18/16_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//CLC
+x1= 7 //m
+x2= 7 //m
+x3= 4 //m
+x4= 4 //m
+x5= 4 //m
+x6= 12 //m
+x7= 4 //m
+Fab= 12 //KN
+Fbc1= 7 //KN
+Fbc2= 7 //KN
+Fcd= 22 //KN
+Fe= 5 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+MfAB= -Fab*(x1+x2)/(x3+x4)
+MfBC= -(Fbc1*x3*(x4+x5)^2/(x6)^2)-(Fbc2*x3^2*(x4+x5)/(x6)^2)
+MfCD= -Fcd*x6/x6
+MfDE= -Fe*x7
+DFba= (3/(x1+x2))/((3/(x1+x2))+(4/(x3+x4+x5)))
+DFbc= 1-DFba
+DFcb= (4/(x3+x4+x5))/((3/(x6))+(4/(x3+x4+x5))) 
+DFcd= 1-DFcb
+//RESULTS
+printf("DFba = %.2f",DFba)
+printf("DFbc = %.2f",DFbc)
+printf("DFcb = %.2f",DFcb)
+printf("DFcd = %.2f",DFcd)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.19/16_19.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.19/16_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..443066f31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.19/16_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W1= 5 //KN/m
+W2= 5 //KN/m
+F= -40 //KN
+l1= 6 //m
+l2= 5 //m
+l3= 5 //m
+l4= 6 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Mfab= -W1*l1^2/12
+Mfbc= F*l2/8
+DFab= (3/l1)/((3/l1)+(2/(l2+l3)))
+DFbc= 1-DFab
+//RESULTS
+printf ('MFab= %.f KN m',Mfab)
+printf (' \n MFbc= %.f KN m',Mfbc)
+printf (' \n DFab= %.2f ',DFab)
+printf (' \n DFbc= %.2f.',DFbc)  
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..da706aacc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 17
+N= 8
+r= 27
+st= 3
+pt= 2
+n= 8
+//CALCULATIONS
+ns= 3*(M-N+1)-r
+nk= n*pt-st
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ns= %.f ',ns)
+printf (' \n Nk= %.f ',nk)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.20/16_20.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.20/16_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1f1547151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.20/16_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= 6 //KN/m
+F= 40 //KN
+l1= 5 //m
+l2= 3 //m
+l3= 3 //m
+l= 12 //mm
+Smab= 9*10^6 //mm^4
+Smbc= 12*10^6 //mm^4
+E= 200000 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+MFab= (-W*l1^2/12)+((-W*Smab*E*l))/((l1*10^3)^2*10^6)
+MFba= (W*l1^2/12)+((-W*Smab*E*l))/((l1*10^3)^2*10^6)
+MFbc= -(F*(l2+l3)/8)+(3*E*Smbc*l)/(((l2+l3)*10^3)^2*10^6)
+MFcb= (F*(l2+l3)/8)
+DFba= ((4*E*Smab)/l1)/(((4*E*Smab)/l1)+((3*E*Smbc)/(l2+l3)))
+DFbc= 1-DFba
+//RESULTS
+printf ('MFab= %.1f KN m',MFab)
+printf (' \n MFbc= %.1f KN m',MFba)
+printf (' \n MFbc= %.1f KN m',MFbc)
+printf (' \n MFbc= %.1f KN m',MFcb)
+printf (' \n DFab= %.2f ',DFba)
+printf (' \n DFbc= %.2f.',DFbc)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.21/16_21.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.21/16_21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dd66c1114
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.21/16_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//CLC
+x1= 4 //m
+x2= 4 //m
+x3= 4 //m
+x4= 16 //m
+F1= 12 //KN
+F2= 12 //KN
+F3= 1 //KNm
+y= 12 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+MFab= -(F1*x1*(x2+x3)^2/(y)^2)-(F2*x3^2*(x1+x2)/(y)^2)
+MFbc= -F3*x4^2/y
+DFad= (4/y)/((4/(x1+x2+x3))+(4/y))
+DFab= 1-DFad
+DFba=  (4/(x1+x2+x3))/((4/x4)+(3/y)+(4/(x1+x2+x3)))
+DFbc= (4/x4)/((4/x4)+(3/y)+(4/(x1+x2+x3)))
+DFbe= 1-DFba-DFbc
+//RESULTS
+printf("DFab = %.2f",DFab)
+printf("DFbc = %.2f",DFbc)
+printf("DFba = %.2f",DFba)
+printf("DFad = %.2f",DFad)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.22/16_22.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.22/16_22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..62ceca45f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.22/16_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//CLC
+x1= 5 //m
+x2= 10 //m
+y= 10 //m
+Fb= 2 //KN
+Fbc= 4 //KN
+Rbc= 2
+//CALCULATIONS
+MFbc= -Fbc*x1*x2^2/(x1+x2)^2
+MFcb= Fbc*x2*x1^2/(x1+x2)^2
+DFba= (4/y)/((4/y)+(4*Rbc/(x1+x2)))
+DFbc= 1-DFba
+//RESULTS
+printf("DFba = %.2f",DFba)
+printf("DFbc = %.2f",DFbc)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.23/16_23.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.23/16_23.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae3f5370f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.23/16_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//CLC
+x1= 6 //m
+x2= 4.5 //m
+y1= 3 //m
+y2= 3 //m
+Fba= 40 //KN
+Fbc= 20 //KNm
+//CALCULATIONS
+MFba= -Fba*(y1+y2)/8
+MFbc= Fbc*x1^2/12
+x= sqrt(x1^2+x2^2)
+DFba= (4/(y1+y2))/((4/(y1+y2))+(4/(x1)))
+DFbc= 1-DFba
+DFcb= (4/x1)/((4/x1)+(3/x))
+DFcd= 1-DFcb
+//RESULTS
+printf("DFba = %.2f",DFba)
+printf("DFbc = %.2f",DFbc)
+printf("DFcb = %.3f",DFcb)
+printf("DFcd = %.3f",DFcd)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fbf0873e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 7
+N= 6
+r= 3
+n= 6
+df= 3
+//CALCULATIONS
+ns= 3*(M-N+1)-r
+nk= n*df-r
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ns= %.f ',ns)
+printf (' \n Nk= %.f ',nk)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cd223bb08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 19
+N= 13
+r= 0
+n= 6
+no= 13
+c= 24
+//CALCULATIONS
+ns= n*(M-N+1)-r
+nk= n*no-c
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ns= %.f ',ns)
+printf (' \n Nk= %.f ',nk)
diff --git a/866/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce b/866/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a299d2da6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= -6 //KN
+F2= -10 //KN
+W= -12 //KN/m
+E= 200000 //N/mm^2
+I= 12000 //mm^4
+x1= 0.5 //m
+x2= 0.5 //m
+x3= 0.5 //m
+x4= 0.5 //m
+x5= 1.0 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+vb0= 8.88/(E*I)
+vc0= 9.089/(E*I)
+a11= 0.45/(E*I)
+a21= 0.39/(E*I)
+a22= a11
+a12= a21
+A=[0.45 0.39;0.39 0.45]
+b=[8.88;9.08]
+c=A\b
+R1=c(1,1)
+R2=c(2,1)
+Ra= -((F1*(x2+x3+x4+x5)+R1*(x3+x4+x5)+F2*(x4+x5)+R2*(x5)+(W*x5)*(x5/2)))/(x1+x2+x3+x4+x5)
+Rd= -F1-F2-W*x5-R1-R2-Ra
+//RESULTS
+printf ('R1= %.2f KN',R1)
+printf (' \n R2=%.2f KN',R2)
+printf (' \n Ra=%.2f KN',Ra)
+printf (' \n Rd=%.2f KN',Rd)
diff --git a/866/CH18/EX18.1/18_1.sce b/866/CH18/EX18.1/18_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9f620deeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH18/EX18.1/18_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+sigmay= 100 //N/mm^2
+b= 10 //mm
+d= 12 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+My= sigmay*b*d^3*2/(d*12)
+Mp= sigmay*b*(d/2)*(d/2)
+f= Mp/My
+//RESULTS
+printf ('f= %.1f',f)
diff --git a/866/CH18/EX18.2/18_2.sce b/866/CH18/EX18.2/18_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..397aeae6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH18/EX18.2/18_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+d= 300 //mm
+b= 150 //mm
+tw= 8 //mm
+tf= 12 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+Zp= b*tf*(d-tf)+(tw*((d-2*tf)^2))/4
+Ze= (2/d)*((b*d^3)/12-((b-tw)*(d-2*tf)^3)/12)
+f= Zp/Ze
+//RESULTS
+printf ('f= %.2f',f)
diff --git a/866/CH18/EX18.3/18_3.sce b/866/CH18/EX18.3/18_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a67aa4d18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH18/EX18.3/18_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+d= 200 //mm
+b= 150 //mm
+tw= 7 //mm
+tf= 10 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+ye= (b*tf*(tf/2)+(d-tf)*tw*((d+tf)/2))/(b*tf+(d-tf)*tw)
+I= ((b*ye^3)/3)-(b-tw)*(((ye-tf)^3)/3)+(tw*((d-ye)^3)/3)
+Ze= I/(d-ye)
+yp= (b*tf+(d-tf)*tw)/(2*b)
+Zp= b*yp*yp/2+b*(tf-yp)*(tf-yp)/2+(d-tf)*tw*((d-tf)/2+(tf-yp))
+f= Zp/Ze
+//RESULTS
+printf ('fie= %.2f',f)
diff --git a/866/CH18/EX18.7/18_7.sce b/866/CH18/EX18.7/18_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..246b0b854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH18/EX18.7/18_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Load= 100 //KN
+Length= 10 //m
+yieldstress= 300 //N/mm^2
+loadfactor= 1.5
+//CALCULATIONS
+requiredultimateload= loadfactor*Load
+Mp= requiredultimateload*Length/6
+Zp= Mp/yieldstress
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Zp= %.1e mm^3',Zp)
+disp("The appropriate beam for this is 406*140*49")
diff --git a/866/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce b/866/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f4b68f214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= -2.0 //KN
+F2= 3.0 //KN
+F3= -6.0 //KN
+F4= -1.0 //KN
+x1= 0 //m
+x2= 0.6 //m
+x3= 0.9 //m
+x4= 1.2 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+R= -(F1+F2+F3+F4)
+x= -(x1*F1+x2*F2+x3*F3+x4*F4)/R
+//RESULTS
+printf ('R= %.2f kN',R)
+printf (' \n x=%.2f m',x)
+
diff --git a/866/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce b/866/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..952935102
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= 5*cosd(60) //KN
+F2= 5*sind(60) //KN
+F3= -3 //KN
+x1= 1.2 //m
+x2= 0.9 //m
+x3= 0.4 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rah= F1
+Rav= (-(F3*x2)+F2*x3)/1.2
+Rd= -F3+F2-Rav
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rah= %.1f kN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Rav=%.1f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Rd=%.1f KN',Rd)
diff --git a/866/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce b/866/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0a151b6c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= -2*cosd(45) //KN
+F2= -2*sind(45) //KN 
+F3= -5 //KN
+x1= 0.4 //m
+x2= 1.0 //m
+Rc= 2.5 //m
+Rd= 3.7 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rah= -F1
+Rav= -F3-F2
+Ma= -F3*x1-F2*x2
+Ra= sqrt(Rc^2+Rd^2)
+theta= atan(Rc/Rd) *180/%pi 
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rah= %.1f kN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Rav=%.1f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Ma=%.1f KNm',Ma)
+printf (' \n Ra=%.1f KN',Ra)
+printf (' \n theta=%.1f degrees',theta)
diff --git a/866/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce b/866/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..812ba6ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+alpha= atand(2.4/3) //degrees
+F1= 5*sind(alpha) //KN
+F2= 10*sind(alpha) //KN
+F3= 3 //KN
+F4= 2 //KN
+F5= -5*cosd(alpha) //KN
+F6= 10*cosd(alpha) //KN
+x1= 6 //m
+x2= 4.5 //m
+x3= 1.2 //m
+x4= 1.5 //m
+x5= 4 //m
+x6= 2 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rah= F1+F2
+Rav= ((-F5)*x2-x3*F1-F6*x4-F2*x3+F3*x5+F4*x6)/6
+Rb= F3+F4-F5-Rav-F6
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rah= %.1f kN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Rav=%.1f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Rb=%.1f KN',Rb)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.1/20_1.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.1/20_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5cccf0bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.1/20_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Xac= 2 //m
+Xcb= 4 //m
+Xbd= 2 //m
+Wa= 1 //N
+Wc= 1 //N
+Wd= 1 //N
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rb= Wa*Xac/(Xac+Xcb)  
+Sc= Rb
+Ra= Wc*Xcb/(Xac+Xcb)
+Sc1= -Ra
+Ra1=-Wd*Xbd/(Xac+Xcb)
+Mc= Ra*Xac
+Mc1= Ra1*Xac
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rb= %.2f KN',Rb)
+printf (' \n Ra= %.2f KN ',Ra) 
+printf (' \n Ra= %.2f KN ',Ra1)
+printf (' \n Mc= %.2f KN m',Mc1)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.2/20_2.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.2/20_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..287ae2c77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.2/20_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+xac= 2 //m
+xcb= 4 //m
+xbd= 2 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+C1e= xac/((xac)+(xcb))
+C1f= xcb/ ((xac)+(xcb))
+C2h= 1/((1/xac)+(1/xcb))
+//RESULTS
+printf ('C1e= %.2f m',C1e)
+printf (' \n C1f= %.2f m',C1f) 
+printf (' \n C2h= %.2f m',C2h)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.3/20_3.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.3/20_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..af5c4d190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.3/20_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W1= 3 //KN
+W2= 4 //KN
+W3= 5 //KN
+x1= 0.3 //m
+x2= 0.1 //m
+x3= 0.5 //m
+x4= 0.7 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Skmax= W3*x1+W2*x2
+Sk1= W1*(-x4)+W2*(-x3)+W3*(-x1)
+Sk2= W1*(x2)+W2*(-x4)+W3*(-x3)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Sk(max)= %.2f KN',Skmax)
+printf (' \n Sk= %.2f KN',Sk1) 
+printf (' \n Sk= %.2f KN',Sk2)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.4/20_4.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.4/20_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3e55844d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.4/20_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= 2 //KN/m
+l= 2 //m
+x1= 0.05
+x2= 0.25
+x3= 0.75
+x4= 0.55
+x5= 1.5
+x6= 1.875
+l1= 0.5 //m
+l2= 1.5 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Sk= W*l*(1/2)*(x1+x2)
+Sk1= -W*l*(1/2)*(x3+x4)
+Mk= W*((1/2)*(x5+x6)*l1+(1/2)*(x5+x6)*l2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Sk(max +)= %.2f KN',Sk)
+printf (' \n Sk(max -)= %.2f KN',Sk1) 
+printf (' \n Mk(max)= %.2f KN m',Mk)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.6/20_6.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.6/20_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..33dfa33bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.6/20_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W1= 9 //KN
+W2= 15 //KN
+W3= 15 //KN
+W4= 8 //KN
+W5= 8 //KN
+x1= 2 //m
+x2= 2.3 //m
+x3= 2.7 //m
+x4= 2.3 //m
+l= 20 //m
+l1= 10.105 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+x= (W2*x1+W3*(x1+x2)+W4*(x1+x2+x3)+W5*(x1+x2+x3+x4))/(W1+W2+W3+W4)
+Ra= (W1+W2+W3+W4+W5)*l1/l
+Mk= ((W1+W2+W3+W4+W5)/l)*l1*l1-W1*(x1+x2)-W2*x2
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ra= %.1f KN',Ra)
+printf (' \n Mk= %.1f KN',Mk) 
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.7/20_7.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.7/20_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5773ffa6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.7/20_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= 2.5 //KN/m
+n= 8
+x= 1.4 //m
+y= 1.4 //m
+l= 4 //m
+x1= 2.5
+x2= 3.2
+x3= 0.25
+x4= 0.3125
+x5= 0.625
+x6= 0.5
+x7= 3.5
+a= 45 //degrees
+//CALCULATIONS
+Fec= x1*x2*x3*(1/2)/sind(a)
+Scd= W*(0.5*(x4+x5)*x6+0.5*(x5+x4)*x7)
+Fec1= Scd/sind(a)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Maximum compressive force= %.2f KN',Fec)
+printf (' \n Maximum tensile force= %.2f KN',Fec1)
diff --git a/866/CH20/EX20.8/20_8.sce b/866/CH20/EX20.8/20_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fd33bc5a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH20/EX20.8/20_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= 1.5 //KN/m
+W1= 1 //KN/m
+n=10
+x= 0.9 //m
+y= 1.2 //m
+x1= 5
+x2= 0.5
+x3= 4
+x4= 0.4
+x5= 6
+x6= 0.6
+x7= 3
+x8= 0.3
+//CALCULATIONS
+S5= -1*0.5*x1*x2+2.5*0.5*x3*x4
+S51= -1*0.5*x5*x6+2.5*0.5*x7*x8
+//RESULTS
+printf ('S5= %.2f KN',S5)
+printf (' \n S4= %.2f KN',S51)
diff --git a/866/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce b/866/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..64d485f70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Rah= -10 //KN
+F= 10 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+Nab= -Rah
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Nab= %.f kN',Nab)
diff --git a/866/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce b/866/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..51118d736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Mb= 10 //KN
+Mc= -8 //KN
+x1= 1 //m
+x2= 2 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Tab= Mb+Mc
+Tbc= Mc
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tab= %.f KN ',Tab)
+printf (' \n Tbc= %.f KN',Tbc)
diff --git a/866/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce b/866/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1aadf266b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Rah= -10 //KN
+Fb= 10 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+Nab= -Rah
+Nbc= Rah+Fb
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Nab= %.3f KN (tension)',Nab)
+printf (' \n Nbc= %.2f KN',Nbc)
diff --git a/866/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce b/866/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..88e137d18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Fb= -2 //KN
+Fc= 6//KN
+Fd= 4 //KN
+a1= 60 //degrees
+a2= 60 //degrees
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rah= Fd*cosd(a2)-Fc*cosd(a1)
+Nac= Rah
+Ncd= Fd*cosd(a2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rah= %.3f KN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Nac=%.2f KN(compression)',Nac)
+printf (' \n Ncd=%.3f KN(tension)',Ncd)
diff --git a/866/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce b/866/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..271be8a77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= -2 //KN
+F2= -3 //KN
+F3= -1 //KN
+x1= 2 //m
+x2= 1.5 //m
+x3= 1 //m
+x4= 0.5 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Ra= (-F2*x4-F3*x3-F1*x2)/x1
+Rd= -F1-F2-F3-Ra
+Fab= -2.75/sind(60)
+Fae= -Fab*cosd(60)
+Fba= Fab
+Fbe= (-2-Fba*cosd(30))/cosd(30)
+Fbc= Fba*cosd(60)-Fbe*cosd(60)
+Fdc= -Rd/sind(60)
+Fde= -Fdc*cosd(60)
+Fce= (-3-Fdc*cosd(30))/cosd(30)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Ra= %.2f KN',Ra)
+printf (' \n Rd=%.2f KN',Rd)
+printf (' \n Fab=%.2f KN(compression)',Fab)
+printf (' \n Fae=%.2f KN(tension)',Fae)
+printf (' \n Fbe=%.2f KN(tension)',Fbe)
+printf (' \n Fbc=%.2f KN(compression)',Fbc)
+printf (' \n Fdc=%.2f KN(compression)',Fdc)
+printf (' \n Fde=%.2f KN(tension)',Fde)
+printf (' \n Fce=%.2f KN(tension)',Fce)
diff --git a/866/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce b/866/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..615e11edf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Re= -4 //KN
+Rh= -6 //KN
+Ro= 2 //KN
+x1= 1 //m
+x2= 3 //m
+x3= 5 //m
+x4= 4 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rb= (Ro*x1-Re*x2-Rh*x3)/8
+Rav= (-Ro*x1-Re*x3-Rh*x2)/8
+Rah= Ro
+Fcf= (Rav+Re)/cosd(45)
+Fcd= (-Re*x1-Rav*x4-Ro*x1)/x1
+Fef= (Rav*x2+Ro*x1)/x1
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Rb= %.1f KN',Rb)
+printf (' \n Rav=%.1f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Rah=%.f KN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Fcf=%.2f KN',Fcf)
+printf (' \n Fcd=%.f KN',Fcd)
+printf (' \n Fef=%.1f KN',Fef)
diff --git a/866/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce b/866/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..72749bc0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Rav= 1 //KN
+Re= 4 //KN
+Xac= 1.5 //m
+Xce= 1.5 //m
+Fd= -5 //KN
+Rah= -3 //KN
+xa= 0 //m
+ya= 0 //m
+xc= 1.5 //m
+yc= 0//m
+xe= 3 //m
+ye= 0 //m
+xf= 3 //m
+yf= 1.5 //m
+xd= 1.5 //m
+yd= 1.5 //m
+xb= 0 //m
+yb= 1.5 //m
+Yef= 1.5 //m
+Fb= 3 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+tac= -Rah/(xc-xa)
+tab= -Rav/(yb-ya)
+tba= tab
+tbc= -tba*(ya-yb)/(yc-yb)
+tbd= (-Fb-tbc*(xc-xb))/(xd-xb)
+tdb= tbd
+tdf= -tdb*(xb-xd)/(xf-xd)
+tdc= (-Fd-tdb*(yb-yd))/(yc-yd)
+tec= 0
+tfe= -Re/(yf-ye)
+tfc= (-tdf*(xd-xf)-tfe*(xe-xf))/(xc-xf)
+Tab= tab*(yb-ya)
+Tac= tac*(xc-xa)
+Tbc= tbc*sqrt((xb-xc)^2+(yb-yc)^2)
+Tbd= tbd*(xd-xb)
+Tdf= tdf*(xf-xd)
+Tdc= tdc*(yd-yc)
+Tfc= tfc*sqrt((xf-xc)^2+(yf-yc)^2)
+Tfe= tfe*(yf-ye)
+Tec= tec*(xe-xc)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tab= %.2f KN(compression)',Tab)
+printf (' \n Tac=%.2f KN(tension)',Tac)
+printf (' \n Tbc=%.2f KN(tension)',Tbc)
+printf (' \n Tbd=%.2f KN(compression)',Tbd)
+printf (' \n Tdf=%.2f KN(compression)',Tdf)
+printf (' \n Tdc=%.2f KN(compression)',Tdc)
+printf (' \n Tfc=%.2f KN(tension)',Tfc)
+printf (' \n Tfe=%.2f KN(compression)',Tfe)
+printf (' \n Tec=%.2f KN(tension)',Tec)
diff --git a/866/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce b/866/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..083f64ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+xa= -2
+ya= -2
+za= -4
+xb= -2
+yb= -2
+zb= 2
+xc= 2
+yc= -2
+zc= -4
+xd= 2
+yd= -2
+zd= 2
+xf= 0
+yf= 0
+zf= 0
+xe= 0
+ye= 0
+ze= -2
+Fe= -60 //KN
+Ff= 40 //KN
+//CALCULATIONS
+A=[(xd-xf),(xb-xf),(xe-xf); (yd-yf),(yb-yf),(ye-yf); (zd-zf),(zb-zf),(ze-zf)]
+b=[Ff;0;0]
+c=A\b
+tfd= c(1,1)
+tfb= c(2,1)
+tfe= c(3,1)
+B=[(xb-xe),(xc-xe),(xa-xe); (yb-ye),(yc-ye),(ya-ye); (zb-ze),(zc-ze),(za-ze)]
+e=[0-tfe*(xf-xe);-Fe-tfe*(yf-ye);-tfe*(zf-ze)]
+f=B\e
+teb= f(1,1)
+tec= f(2,1)
+tea= f(3,1)
+Lfb= sqrt((xb-xf)^2+(yb-yf)^2+(zb-zf)^2)
+Lfd= sqrt((xd-xf)^2+(yd-yf)^2+(zd-zf)^2)
+Lfe= sqrt((xe-xf)^2+(ye-yf)^2+(ze-zf)^2)
+Lec= sqrt((xc-xe)^2+(yc-ye)^2+(zc-ze)^2)
+Lea= sqrt((xa-xe)^2+(ya-ye)^2+(za-ze)^2)
+Leb= sqrt((xb-xe)^2+(yb-ye)^2+(zb-ze)^2)
+Tfb= tfb*Lfb
+Tfd= tfd*Lfd
+Tfe= tfe*Lfe
+Tec= tec*Lec
+Tea= tea*Lea
+Teb= teb*Leb
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tfb= %.1f KN(compression)',Tfb)
+printf (' \n Tfd=%.1f KN(tension)',Tfd)
+printf (' \n Tfe=%.1f KN',Tfe)
+printf (' \n Tec=%.1f KN(compression)',Tec)
+printf (' \n Tea=%.1f KN(compression)',Tea)
+printf (' \n Teb=%.1f KN(compression)',Teb)
diff --git a/866/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sce b/866/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5068d7e6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F= -10 //KN
+x1= 1 //m
+x2= 2 //m
+x3= 3 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+alpha= atand(x1/x3)
+beta= atand(x1/x2)
+Tca= -F*cosd(beta)
+Tcb= Tca*cosd(alpha)/cosd(beta)
+Rav= -F*x2/(x2+x3)
+Rbv= -F-Rav
+Rah= Rav*x3/x1
+Rbh= Rah
+Tca= sqrt(Rav^2+Rah^2)
+Tcb= sqrt(Rbv^2+Rbh^2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tca= %.1f KN',Tca)
+printf (' \n Tcb=%.1f KN',Tcb)
+printf (' \n Rav=%.f KN',Rav)
+printf (' \n Rbv=%.f KN',Rbv)
+printf (' \n Rah=%.f KN',Rah)
+printf (' \n Tca=%.1f KN',Tca)
+printf (' \n Tcb=%.1f KN',Tcb)
diff --git a/866/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sce b/866/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..736dcf619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Fc= -10.0 //KN 
+Fd= -6.0 //KN
+y= 0.5 //m
+x1= 1.5 //m
+x2= 2.0 //m
+x3= 1.8 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+//The values in the textbook are rounded off. hence, there is a small variation in the result of this code.
+alpha= atand(y/x1)
+Rav= (-Fd*x3-Fc*(x2+x3))/(x1+x2+x3)
+Rah= Rav*x1/y
+Tca= sqrt(Rah^2+Rav^2)
+tanbeta= ((-Fc-Tca*sind(alpha)))/(Tca*cosd(alpha))
+Tcd= Tca*cosd(alpha)/cosd(beta)
+gama= atand((-Fd+Tcd*sind(beta)))/(Tcd*cosd(beta))
+Tdb= (Tcd*cosd(beta))/cosd(gama)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tca= %.1f KN',Tca)
+printf (' \n Tcd=%.1f KN',Tcd)
+printf (' \n Tdb=%.2f KN',Tdb)
+
diff --git a/866/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce b/866/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e644d15c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+L= 200 //m
+D= 18 //m
+h= 6 //m
+w= 10 //KN/m
+//CALCULATIONS
+L2= L/(sqrt((D-h)/D)+1)
+H= w*L2^2/(2*D)
+Tmax= sqrt((w*L2)^2+H^2)
+alphamax= atand(w*L2/H)
+printf ('L2= %.1f m',L2)
+printf (' \n H=%.1f KN',H)
+printf (' \n Tmax=%.1f KN',Tmax)
+printf (' \n alphamax=%.1f degrees',alphamax)
diff --git a/866/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce b/866/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ec6568352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+w= 120 //KN
+D= 30 //m
+L= 300 //m
+sigmamax= 600 //N/mm^2 
+h= 50 //m
+beta= 45 //degrees
+//CALCULATIONS
+Tmax= ((w*L)/2)*(sqrt(1+(L/(4*D))^2))
+d= sqrt((4*Tmax*10^3)/(sigmamax*%pi))
+H= (w*L^2)/(8*D)
+alpha= atand((w*L)/(2*H))
+Mt= Tmax*(cosd(alpha)-cosd(beta))*h
+Vt= Tmax*(sind(alpha)+sind(beta))
+Wa= Tmax*cosd(beta)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tmax= %.1f KN',Tmax)
+printf (' \n d=%.1f mm',d)
+printf (' \n H=%.0f KN',H)
+printf (' \n alpha=%.1f degrees',alpha)
+printf (' \n Mt=%.0f KNm',Mt)
+printf (' \n Vt=%.0f KN',Vt)
+printf (' \n Wa=%.0f KN',Wa)
diff --git a/866/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce b/866/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6f95af810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+F1= -60 //KN
+F2= -100 //KN
+r= 6 //m
+alpha1= 30 //degrees
+alpha2= 45 //degrees
+//CALCULATIONS
+Rav= (-F1*(r*cosd(alpha1)+r)-F2*(r*sind(alpha1)+r) )/(2*r)
+Rbv= -F1-F2-Rav
+Rbh= Rbv
+Rah= Rbh
+Nx= -Rav*cosd(alpha2)-Rah*cosd(alpha2)-F1*cosd(alpha2)
+Sx= -Rav*sind(alpha2)+Rah*cosd(alpha2)-F1*sind(alpha2)
+Mx= Rav*(r-r*cosd(alpha2))-Rah*r*sind(alpha2)+F1*(r*cosd(alpha1)-r*cosd(alpha2))
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Normal force= %.1f KN',Nx)
+printf ('\n  Shear force=%.1f KN',Sx)
+printf (' \n Bending moment=%.1f KNm',Mx)
diff --git a/866/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce b/866/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e956e8573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= -10 //KN/m
+Yac= 7 //m
+xad= -7.5 //m
+xac= -15 //m
+xcb= 10 //m
+//CALCULATIONS
+k= Yac/((xac)^2)
+yb= k*(xcb)^2
+hb= Yac-yb
+yd= k*(xad)^2
+hd= Yac-yd
+A=[(xcb-xac),(hb);(xcb),(-yb)]
+b=[-W*(-xac)*(-xad);0]
+c= A\b
+Rbv= c(1,1)
+Rbh= c(2,1)
+Rah= Rbh
+Rav= -Rbv-W*(-xac)
+dybydx= 2*k*xad
+alpha= atand(-2*k*xad)
+Nd= -Rav*sind(alpha)-Rah*cosd(alpha)+((-W)*(-xad)*sind(alpha))
+Sd= -Rav*cosd(alpha)+Rah*sind(alpha)+((-W)*(-xad)*cosd(alpha))
+Md= Rav*(-xad)-Rah*hd+W*(-xad)*(-xad/2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Normal force= %.2f kN',Nd)
+printf ('\n  Shear force=%.2f KN',Sd)
+printf (' \n Bending moment=%.1f KNm',Md)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d1d3da82a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+P= 800*10^3
+sigmamax= 400
+//CALCULATIONS
+Amin= P/sigmamax
+B= sqrt(Amin/2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Amin= %.2f mm^2',Amin)
+printf (' \n B=%.2f mm(Therefore the min dimensions of the column cross section are 31.6mm*63.2mm)',B)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f29b0e205
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+x1= %pi/4
+y= 350^2-300^2
+W= 2000*10^3
+E= 200000
+h= 5*10^3
+//CALCULATIONS
+A= x1*y
+sigma= -(W/A)
+epsilon= (sigma/E)
+delta= -(epsilon*h)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('A= %.2f mm^2',A)
+printf (' \n sigma=%.2f N/mm^2',sigma)
+printf (' \n epsilon=%.5f ',epsilon)
+printf (' \n delta=%.2f mm',delta)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aff3a494b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+W= 10*10^3 //KN
+L= 500 //mm
+D= 200 //mm
+T= 2 //mm
+G= 25000 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+Tav= W/(D*T)
+gama= Tav/G
+deltas= gama*L
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Tav= %.2f N/mm^2',Tav)
+printf (' \n gama=%.3f rad',gama)
+printf (' \n deltas=%.2f mm',deltas)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f12742068
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+mu= 0.3
+E= 200000 //N/mm^2
+R= 0.1*10^-2
+//CALCULATIONS
+K= E/(3*(1-2*mu))
+sigma= R*K
+linearstrain= R/3
+//RESULTS
+printf ('K= %.f N/mm^2',K)
+printf (' \n sigma=%.f N/mm^2',sigma)
+printf (' \n linearstarin=%.5f ',linearstrain)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4a8211d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+x1= 4
+x2= %pi/x1
+L= 400 //mm
+h= 5 //m
+d=20 //mm
+W= 1000*10^3 //KN
+Ys= 200000 //N/mm^2
+Yc= 15000 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+As= x1*x2*(d^2)
+Ac= L^2-As
+sigmas= (Ys*W)/(Ac*Yc+As*Ys)
+sigmac= (Yc*W)/(Ac*Yc+As*Ys)
+delta= (sigmac*h*10^3)/(Yc)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('As= %.f mm^2',As)
+printf (' \n Ac=% f mm^2',Ac)
+printf (' \n sigmas=%.f N/mm^2(stress in the steel)',sigmas)
+printf (' \n sigmac=%.1f N/mm^2(stress in the concrete)',sigmac)
+printf (' \n delta;=%.1f mm(shortening of the column)',delta)
+
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.6/7_6.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.6/7_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dd958d385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.6/7_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Ao= 2*300 //mm^2
+Eo= 80000 //N/mm^2
+Ei= 200000 //N/mm^2
+Ai= 300 //mm^2
+P= 100*10^3 //KN
+deltaT= 100 //degrees
+alphai= 1.2*10^-5 ///degreesc
+alphao= 1.85*10^-5 ///degreesc
+L= 4*10^3 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+sigmaiload= (Ei*P)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+sigmaoload= (Eo*P)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+sigmaotemp= (deltaT*(alphai-alphao)*Eo*Ai*Ei)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+sigmaitemp= (deltaT*(alphai-alphao)*Eo*Ao*Ei)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+sigmai= sigmaiload+sigmaitemp
+sigmao= sigmaoload-sigmaotemp
+deltaload= (P*L)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+deltatemp= (L*deltaT)*(alphao*Ao*Eo+alphai*Ai*Ei)/(Ao*Eo+Ai*Ei)
+displacement= deltatemp-deltaload
+//RESULTS
+printf ('sigmai= %.2f N/mm^2(stress in the column)',sigmai)
+printf (' \n sigmao=% f N/mm^2(stress in the column)',sigmao)
+printf (' \n displacement=% f mm(elongation)',displacement)
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.7/7_7.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.7/7_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8d4c1a18b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.7/7_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+A= 120*300 //mm^2
+At= 6*300 //mm^2
+Ec= 150 //N/mm^2
+Et= 150*15 //N/mm^2
+P= 150*10^3 //N
+//CALCULATIONS
+Ac= A-At
+sigmaci= (Ec*At)/Ac
+F= Ac*sigmaci
+stressintheconcrete= (sigmaci)-((Ec*P)/(Ac*Ec+At*Et))
+stressinthesteel= (F/At)+((Et*P)/(Ac*Ec+At*Et))
+printf ('stressintheconcrete= %.1f N/mm^2(compression)',stressintheconcrete)
+printf (' \n stressinthesteel=% f N/mm^2(tension)',stressinthesteel)
diff --git a/866/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce b/866/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e0261c946
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+sigmac= 400 //N/mm^2
+fs= 6
+d= 2*10^3 //mm
+t= 20 //mm
+E= 200000 //N/mm^2
+mu= 0.3
+//CALCULATIONS
+p= (sigmac*2*t)/(d*6)
+volumestrain= (p*d)*((5/4)-mu)/(t*E)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('p= %.2f N/mm^2',p)
+printf (' \n volumestrain=% f percent',volumestrain)
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ca02d8d2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+w= 10 //KN/m
+L= 6 //m
+sigmaxallowable= 155 //N/mm^2
+Modulusofuniversalbeam= 307600 //mm^3
+Satisfactorybeam= 254*102*28 
+//CALCULATIONS
+Mmaxnormal= (w*L^2)/8
+Zemin= (Mmaxnormal)/sigmaxallowable
+Totalload= w+((28*9.81)/10^3)
+Mmaxload= (Totalload*L^2)/8
+Allowablestress= (Mmaxload*10^3*10^3)/Modulusofuniversalbeam
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Satisafactorybeam=% 2f (254*102*28)',Satisfactorybeam)
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.2/9_2.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.2/9_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..555bb2e7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.2/9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 100*10^6 //Nmm
+BeamB= 300 //mm
+BeamL= 200 //mm
+BeamT= 25 //mm
+BeamT2= 20 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+Iz= ((BeamL*BeamB^3)/12)-((BeamL-BeamT)*(BeamB-2*BeamT2)^3)/12
+sigmaxbyY= -M/Iz
+SB= sigmaxbyY*(BeamB/2)
+ST= sigmaxbyY*(-BeamB/2)
+//RESULTS   
+printf ('Stress at top of the beam= %.2fN/mm^2(Tension)',ST) 
+printf ('\n Stress at bottom of the beam= %.2fN/mm^2(compression)',SB) 
+
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..05cf97ddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 100*10^6 //Nmm
+BeamB= 300 //mm
+BeamH= 200 //mm
+BeamT= 25 //mm
+BeamT2= 20 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+Iy= (2*BeamT2*BeamH^3/12)+((BeamB-2*BeamT2)*BeamT^3/12)
+alphabyz=-M/Iy
+//RESULTS
+printf ('sigmax= %.2f *z',alphabyz)
+
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c3e7e2746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+BeamB= 300 //mm
+BeamL= 200 //mm
+BeamT= 25 //mm
+BeamT2= 20 //mm
+alpha= 30 //degrees
+Mz= 100*10^6*cosd(alpha)//Nmm
+My= 100*10^6*sind(alpha)//Nmm
+//CALCULATIONS
+Iz= ((BeamL*BeamB^3)/12)-((BeamL-BeamT)*(BeamB-2*BeamT2)^3)/12
+Iy= (2*BeamT2*BeamL^3/12)+((BeamB-2*BeamT2)*BeamT^3/12)
+sigmaxtl= (+Mz/Iz)*(BeamB/2)+(My/Iy)*(BeamH/2)
+sigmaxtr= (+Mz/Iz)*(BeamB/2)+(My/Iy)*(-BeamH/2)
+inclination= atand((My*Iz)/(Mz*Iy))
+//RESULTS   
+printf ('Stress at top left of the beam= %.2fN/mm^2(Tension)',sigmaxtl) 
+printf ('\n Stress at top right of the beam= %.2fN/mm^2(compression)',sigmaxtr) 
+printf ('\n Incination= %.2fdegrees',inclination)
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..90d7516b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+BeamB= 200 //mm
+BeamH= 200 //mm
+BeamT= 20 //mm
+BeamT2= 20 //mm
+sigmaxtop= 150 //N/mm^2
+sigmaxbottom= -150 //N/mm^2
+//CALCULATIONS
+y= ((BeamB*BeamT*BeamT/2)+(BeamH*BeamT2*((BeamH/2)+BeamT)))/(BeamB*BeamT+BeamH*BeamT2)
+Iz= ((BeamB*(y^3))/3)-(((BeamB-BeamT2)*(y-BeamT)^3)/3)+(BeamT2*((BeamH+BeamT-y)^3)/3)
+P1= sigmaxtop/((1/(BeamB*BeamT+BeamH*BeamT2))+((y-BeamT/2)*y/Iz))  
+P2= (sigmaxbottom/((1/(BeamB*BeamT+BeamH*BeamT2))+((y-BeamT/2)*(-(BeamH+BeamT-y))/Iz)))
+if(P1>P2)
+    disp(P2)
+else
+    disp(P1) 
+end
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6343e108b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+Height= 7 //m
+Thickness= 0.6 //m
+density= 2000 //Kg/m^3
+//CALCULATIONS
+W= density*9.81*Thickness*Height
+p= 0.1*W*2/(Height*Height)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('p= %.2f N/m^1',p)
diff --git a/866/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce b/866/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8b8cb0f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/866/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc
+//initialisation of variables
+M= 1500 //Nm
+x1= 40 //mm
+x2= 80 //mm
+x3= 8 //mm
+y1= 8 //mm
+y2= 80 //mm
+//CALCULATIONS
+Ycentroid= (((x1+x2)*y1*y1/2)+(y2*x3*((y2/2)+y1)))/((x1+x2)*y1+y2*x3)
+Zcentroid= (((y2*x3*y1/2)+((x1+x2)*x3*((y2/2)+y1)/2))/((x1+x2)*y1+y2*x3))
+Iz= (((x1+x2)*(y1)^3)/12)+(x1+x2)*y1*((Ycentroid-(y1/2))^2)+(x3/12)*(y2^3)+y2*x3*((y2/2)-(Ycentroid-y1))^2
+Iy= (y1*(((x1+x2)^3)/12))+(x1+x2)*y1*(y1^2)+((x3^3)/12)*(y2)+y2*x3*((Zcentroid-(x3/2))^2)
+Izy= (x1+x2)*y1*(-y1)*(Ycentroid-(y1/2))+y2*x3*(Zcentroid-(x3/2))*(-(y2/2)+(Ycentroid-y1))
+sigmax= ((-M*10^3*Izy*x3)+(-M*10^3*Iy*(y2-Ycentroid+y1)))/((Iz*Iy)-(Izy)^2)
+//RESULTS
+printf ('Maximum direct stress= %.2f N/mm^2',sigmax)
+
+
+
-- 
cgit