From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: priyanka Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 779/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce | 6 +++++ 779/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.sce | 13 +++++++++++ 779/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.sce | 20 +++++++++++++++++ 779/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.sce | 8 +++++++ 779/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.sce | 5 +++++ 779/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.sce | 21 ++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce | 17 ++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce | 18 +++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce | 13 +++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce | 18 +++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce | 50 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce | 10 +++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce | 16 ++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.sce | 22 +++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.sce | 20 +++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.sce | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.sce | 30 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20 +++++++++++++++++ 779/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce | 8 +++++++ 779/CH7/EX7.8/7_8.sce | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH7/EX7.9/7_9.sce | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sce | 6 +++++ 779/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.sce | 5 +++++ 779/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.sce | 17 ++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.sce | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.sce | 8 +++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.15/8_15.sce | 7 ++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.16/8_16.sce | 11 ++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.17/8_17.sce | 13 +++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.18/8_18.sce | 9 ++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.19/8_19.sce | 10 +++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sce | 12 ++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.20/8_20.sce | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce | 10 +++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce | 12 ++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce | 13 +++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce | 15 +++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce | 18 +++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce | 20 +++++++++++++++++ 779/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sce | 9 ++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce | 11 ++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.10/9_10.sce | 9 ++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.11/9_11.sce | 13 +++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.12/9_12.sce | 20 +++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.13/9_13.sce | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.14/9_14.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.15/9_15.sce | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.16/9_16.sce | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.17/9_17.sce | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.18/9_18.sce | 15 +++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce | 7 ++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce | 14 ++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce | 21 ++++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.7/9_7.sce | 10 +++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce | 19 ++++++++++++++++ 779/CH9/EX9.9/9_9.sce | 6 +++++ 172 files changed, 2764 insertions(+) create mode 100755 779/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce create mode 100755 779/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.sce create mode 100755 779/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.sce create mode 100755 779/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.sce create mode 100755 779/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.sce create mode 100755 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100755 779/CH8/EX8.17/8_17.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.18/8_18.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.19/8_19.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.20/8_20.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce create mode 100755 779/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.10/9_10.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.11/9_11.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.12/9_12.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.13/9_13.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.14/9_14.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.15/9_15.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.16/9_16.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.17/9_17.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.18/9_18.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.7/9_7.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce create mode 100755 779/CH9/EX9.9/9_9.sce (limited to '779') diff --git a/779/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce b/779/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d72ef26df --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +d_r = 13640; // Density of mercury in kg/m3 +g = 9.79; // Acceleration due to gravity in m/s2 +z = 562e-03; // Difference in height in m +z0 = 761e-03; // Reading of barometer in m +P = (d_r*g*(z+z0))*(0.987/1e05); // Gas Pressure in bar +disp("bar",P,"Gas Pressure is ") diff --git a/779/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.sce b/779/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..528a58c41 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +d_r = 13.6e03; // Density of mercury in kg/m3 +g = 9.81; // Acceleration due to gravity in m/s2 +z = 710e-03; // Stean flow pressure in m +z0 = 772e-03; // Reading of barometer in m +P = 1.4e06; // Gauge pressure of applied steam in Pa +P0 = d_r*g*z0; // Atmospheric pressure in Pa +Pi = P+P0 ; // Inlet steam pressure in Pa +Pc = d_r*g*(z0-z); // Condenser pressure in Pa +disp("Pa",Pi,"Inlet steam pressure is") +disp("Pa",Pc,"Condenser pressure is") + + + diff --git a/779/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.sce b/779/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..229f104ba --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +z = 0.760; // Barometer reading in m +// Part (a) +h1 = 40e-02; // Mercury height in vaccume in m +d_r = 13.6e03; // Density of mercury in kg/m3 +g = 9.80; // Acceleration due to gravity in m/s2 +Patm = z*d_r*g; // Atmospheric pressure in Pas +Pv = h1*d_r*g; // Pressue in vaccume in Pa +Pabs = Patm-Pv; // Absolute pressure in Pa +disp("Pa",Pabs," 40cmHg vaccume is") +// Part (b) +h2 = 90e-02; // Mercury height in gauge in m +Pg = h2*d_r*g; // Gauge Pressure in Pa +Pabs1 = Patm + Pg ; // Absolute pressure in Pa +disp("Pa",Pabs1,"90cmHg gauge is") +// Part(c) +d_w = 1e03 ; // Density of water in kg/m3 +h3 = 1.2 ; // Gauge Pressure water height in m +Pga = d_w*h3*g; // Gauge Pressure in Pa +Pabs3 = Patm + Pga ; // Absolute pressure in Pa +disp("Pa",Pabs3,"1.2 m H2O gauge is") diff --git a/779/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.sce b/779/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..97ff90a34 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +Pr = 1.033e05; // Required Pressure in bar +function y = pressure(p) + y = p^(-0.714); +endfunction; +g = 9.81; // Acceleration due to gravity in m/s2 +H = ((2.5e05^0.714)/g)*intg(0,Pr,pressure); // Depth of atmosphere required in m +disp("Km",H/1000,"The depth of atmosphere required is ") + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.sce b/779/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6ce681232 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +m = 68 ; // Astronaut mass in Kg +g = 9.806; // Acceleration due to gravity in m/s2 +a = 10*g ; // Lift off acceleration in m/s2 +F = m*a; // Net vertical force in N +disp("N",F,"Net vertical force experienced by astronaut is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56e142b96 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +// Part (a) +P1 = 100; P2 = 50; +T1 = 273+300; +T2 = (P2/P1)*T1; +R = 0.287; cv = 0.718; +V1 = 0.8; +m = (P1*V1)/(R*T1); +Q = m*cv*(T2-T1); +disp("If the fluid is in the air") +disp("K",T2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ/kg",Q,"The heat transferred is") +// Part (b) +t2 = 273+81.33; vf = 0.00103; vg = 3.24; +v1 = 2.6388; u1 = 2810.4; +x2 = (v1-vf)/(vg-vf); +u2 = 340.42+(x2*2143.4); +m_ = V1/v1; +Q_ = m_*(u2-u1); +disp("If the fluid is in the steam") +disp("K",t2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ/kg",Q_,"The heat transferred is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c8c3bd63b --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +m = 0.5; +P1 = 80e03; T1 = 273+60; +P2 = 0.4e06; +R = 0.287; +V1 = (m*R*T1)/P1 ; +g = 1.4; // Gamma +T2 = T1*(P2/P1)^((g-1)/g); +W12 = (m*R*(T1-T2))/(g-1); +V2 = V1*((P1/P2)^(1/g)); +W23 = P2*(V1-V2); +W = W12+W23; +V3 = V1; +T3 = T2*(V3/V2); +cp = 1.005; +Q = m*cp*(T3-T2); +disp("kJ",W,"The work transfer for the whole path is") +disp("kJ",Q,"The heat transfer for the whole path") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1f61594fc --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +P1 = 700e03; T1 = 273+260; T3 = T1; +V1 = 0.028; V2 = 0.084; +R = 0.287; +m = (P1*V1)/(R*T1); +P2 = P1; +T2 = T1*((P2*V2)/(P1*V1)); +n = 1.5; +P3 = P2*((T3/T2)^(n/(n-1))); +cp = 1.005; cv = 0.718; +Q12 = m*cp*(T2-T1); +Q23 = m*cv*(T3-T2) + (m*R*(T2-T3))/(n-1); +Q31 = m*R*T1*log(P3/P1); +Q1 = Q12; +Q2 = -(Q23+Q31); +e = 1-(Q2/Q1); +disp("J",Q1,"The heat received in the cycle is") +disp("J",Q2,"The heat rejected in the cycle") +disp(e,"The efficiency of the cycle is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..236351998 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +P1 = 300e03; V1 = 0.07; +m = 0.25; T1 = 80+273; +R = (P1*V1)/(1000*m*T1); +P2 = P1; +V2 = 0.1; +T2 = (P2*V2)/(1000*m*R); +W = -25; +cv = -W/(m*(T2-T1)); +cp = R+cv; +S21 = m*cp*log(V2/V1); // S21 = S2-S1 +disp("kJ/kg K",cv,"cv of the gas is") +disp("kJ/kg K",cp,"cp of the gas is") +disp("kJ/kg K",S21,"Increase in the entropy of the gas is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d1bfb412d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +P1 = 1; +P2 = 15; +V1 = 800e-06; +V2 = V1/8; +cv = 0.718; g = 1.4; +n = (log(P2/P1))/(log(V1/V2)) +T1 = 348; R = 0.287; +m = (P1*100*V1)/(R*T1); +T2 = T1*((P2*V2)/(P1*V1)); +P3 = 50; +T3 = T2*(P3/P2); +S21 = m*(cv*log(T2/T1)+R*log(V2/V1)); +S32 = m*cv*log(T3/T2); +Q = (m*cv*(g-n)*(T2-T1))/(1-n); +disp(n,"The index of compression process is") +disp("kJ/K",S21,"S2-S1 is") +disp("kJ/K",S32,"S3-S2 is") +disp("kJ",Q,"The heat exchange is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e14fee200 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +mn = 3; // Mass of nitrogen in kg +mc = 5; // mass of CO2 in kg +an = 28; // Atomic weight of nitrogen +ac = 44; // Atomic weight of CO2 +// Part (a) +xn = (mn/an)/((mn/an)+(mc/ac)); +xc = (mc/ac)/((mn/an)+(mc/ac)); +disp(xn,"Mole fraction of N2 is") +disp(xc,"Mole fraction of CO2 is") +// Part (b) +M = xn*an+xc*ac; +disp("kg",M,"Equivalant molecular weight of mixture is") +// Part (c) +R = 8.314; +Req = ((mn*R/an)+(mc*R/ac))/(mn+mc); +disp("kJ/kg K",Req,"The equivalent gas constant of the mixture is") +// Part (d) +P = 300; // Pressure in kPa +T = 20+273; +Pn = xn*P; // Partial pressure of Nitrogen +Pc = xc*P; // Partial pressure of CO2 +Vn = (mn*R*T)/(P*an); // Volume of nitrogen +Vc = (mc*R*T)/(P*ac); // Volume of CO2 +disp("kPa respectively",Pc,"and",Pn,"Partial pressures of nitrogen and CO2 are") +disp("m3 respectively",Vc,"and",Vn,"Partial volume of nitrogen and CO2 are") +// Part (e) +V = (mn+mc)*Req*T/P; // Total volume +rho = (mn+mc)/V; +disp("m3",V,"Volume of mixture is") +disp("kg/m3",rho,"Density of mixture is") +// Part (f) +gn = 1.4; // Gamma +gc = 1.286; +cvn = R/((gn-1)*an); // cp and cv of N2 +cpn = gn*cvn; +cvc = R/((gc-1)*ac); // cp and cv of CO2 +cpc = gc*cvc; +cp = (mn*cpn+mc*cpc)/(mn+mc) ; // of mixture +cv = (mn*cvn+mc*cvc)/(mn+mc) ; +disp("kJ/kg K respectively",cv,"and",cp,"cp and cv of mixture are") +T1 = T; T2 = 40+273; +U21 = (mn+mc)*cv*(T2-T1); +H21 = (mn+mc)*cp*(T2-T1); +S21v = (mn+mc)*cv*log(T2/T1); // If heated at constant volume +disp("kJ",U21,"Change in internal energy of the system heated at constant volume is") +disp("kJ",H21,"Change in enthalpy of the system heated at constant volume is") +disp("kJ/kg K",S21v,"Change in entropy of the system heated at constant volume is") +S21p = (mn+mc)*cp*log(T2/T1); // If heated at constant Pressure +disp("kJ",S21p,"Change in entropy of the system heated at constant Pressure is") + diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2cff5b647 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +mo = 2; mn = 6; +muo = 32; mun = 28; +o = mo/muo; +n = mn/mun; +xo = o/(n+o); +xn = n/(n+o); +R = 8.314; +Ro = R/muo; Rn = R/mun; +dS = -mo*Ro*log(xo)-mn*Rn*log(xn); +disp("kJ/kg K",dS,"Increase in entropy is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..14d9eada7 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +an = 20.183; // molecular weight of neon +Pc = 2.73; // Critical pressure +Tc = 44.5; +Vc = 0.0416; +Pr = 2; // Reduced Pressure +Tr = 1.3; +Z = 0.7; +P = Pr*Pc; +T = Tr*Tc; +R = 8.314; +v = (Z*R*T)/(P*1000*an); +vr = (v*an)/Vc ; +disp("m3/kg",v,"Specific volume is") +disp("K",T,"Specific temperature is") +disp("kPa",P,"Specific pressure is") +disp(vr,"Reduced volume is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5a6777bbd --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// Part (a) +R = 0.287; T1 = 273+150; v1 = 0.96; v2 = 1.55; Cp = 1.005; +P = (R*T1)/v1; +W = P*(v2-v1); +T2 = (v2/v1)*T1; +Q = Cp*(T2-T1); +disp("If the fluid is in the air") +disp("K",T2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ",Q,"The heat transferred is") +disp("kJ",W,"Work done is") +// Part (b) +vg = 0.3928; +P1 = 200e03; +P2 = P1; +h1 = 2768.8; +t2 = 273+400; h2 = 3276.5; +Q_ = h2-h1; +W_ = P1*(v2-v1); +disp("If the fluid is in the steam") +disp("K",t2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ",Q_,"The heat transferred is") +disp("J",W_,"Work done is") diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..df4f42ddf --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Part (a) +v = 16 ; // v = v1/v2 +P1 = 300e03; +P2 = P1*v; +R = 0.287; T1 = 300+273; +W12 = R*T1*log(1/v); +disp("If the fluid is in the air") +disp("Pa",P2,"The final pressure is ") +disp("kJ",0,"The change in internal energy is") +disp("kJ",W12,"Work done is") +// Part (b) +v1 = 0.7664; u1 = 2728.7; +v2 = v1/16; +x2 = (v2-0.00125)/(0.05013); +s2 = 2.7927+(x2*3.2802); +u2 = 1080.37+(x2*1522.0); +du = u2-u1; +T = 250+273; +Q12 = T*(s2-s1) +disp("If the fluid is in the steam") +disp("K",T,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ/kg",Q12,"The heat transferred is") +disp("kJ/kg ",du,"The change in internal energy is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8c949672 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Part (a) +P1 = 10; P2 = 1; +T1 = 273+300; +g = 1.4; +T2 = T1*((P2/P1)^((g-1)/g)); +R = 0.287; +W12 = ((R*T1)/(1-g))*(T2/T1-1); +v2 = (R*T2)/(100*P2); +disp("If the fluid is in the air") +disp("m3/kg",v2,"The specific volume is") +disp("kJ",W12,"The work done per kg of the fluid is") +// Part (b) +u1 = 2793.2; v1 = 0.2579; s1 = 7.1228; +x2 = (7.1228-1.3025)/6.0568; +u2 = 417.33+(x2*2088.7); +v2 = 0.001043+(0.96*1.693); +W12 = u1-u2; +disp("If the fluid is in the steam") +disp("m3/kg",v2,"The specific volume is") +disp("kJ",W12,"The work done per kg of the fluid is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8b1709317 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Part (a) +P1 = 10; P2 = 1; +T1 = 273+200; n = 1.15; R = 0.287; +v2 = ((R*T1)/(P1*100))*((P1/P2)^(1/1.15)); +v1 = ((R*T1)/(P1*100)); +T2 = T1*(P2/P1)*(v2/v1); +cv = 0.716; +Q = (cv+(R/(1-n)))*(T2-T1); +disp("If the fluid is in the air") +disp("m3/kg",v2,"The specific volume is") +disp("K",T2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ",Q,"Heat transferred per kg is") +// Part (b) +v1 = 0.20596; u1 = 2621.9; +v2 = v1*(P1/P2)^(1/n); +x2 = (v2-0.001043)/(1.694-0.001043); +t2 = 99.62+273; +u2 = 417.33+(x2*2088.7); +W = ((P1*100*v1)-(P2*100*v2))/(n-1); +Q = u2-u1+W; +disp("If the fluid is in the steam") +disp("m3/kg",v2,"The specific volume is") +disp("K",t2,"The final temperature is ") +disp("kJ",Q,"Heat transferred per kg is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..41f412451 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +P0 = 1000; +T0 = 3; +V0 = 0.001; +R = 287; +n = (P0*V0)/(R*T0); // Number of moles +// Process ab +Wab = 0; +cv = (3/2)*R; +Ta = T0; Tb = 300; +Qab = n*cv*(Tb-Ta); +Ua = 0; // Given internal energy +Ub = Qab+Ua; +Uab = Ub-Ua; +// Process bc +Qbc = 0; Uc = 0; Ubc = Uc-Ub; +Wbc = -Ubc; +// Process ca +Tc = Ta; +g = 5/3; // gamma +Vcb = (Tb/Tc)^(3/2); // Vc/Vb +Wca = -n*R*Tc*log(Vcb); +Qca = Wca ; +Uca = 0; +// +disp("J",Wab+Wbc+Wca,"Work done in the cycle is") +disp("J",Uab+Ubc+Uca,"Internal energy change in the cycle is") +disp("J",Qab+Qbc+Qca,"Heat transfer in the cycle is") +// Part (b) +e = (Qab+Qca)/Qab; +disp("%",e*100,"Thermal efficiency of the system is") diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ab30f0b1a --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +Pa = 1.5; Ta = 273+50; ca = 0.5; +Pb = 0.6; Tb = 20+273; mb = 2.5; +R = 8.3143; +Va = (ca*R*Ta)/(Pa*1e03); +ma = ca*28; +Rn = R/28; +Vb = (mb*Rn*Tb)/(Pb*1e03); +V = Va + Vb ; +m = ma + mb ; +Tf = 27+273; +P = (m*Rn*Tf)/V; +g = 1.4; +cv = Rn/(g-1); +U1 = cv*(ma*Ta+mb*Tb); +U2 = m*cv*Tf; +Q = U2-U1; +disp("KPa",P,"The final equillibrium pressure is") +disp("kJ",Q,"The amount of heat transferred to the surrounding is") +T_ = (ma*Ta+mb*Tb)/m ; +P_ = (m*Rn*T_)/V; +disp("If the vessele is perfectly inslulated") +disp("K",T_,"The final temperature is") +disp("KPa",P_,"The final pressure is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c36d06a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +cp = 1.968; cv = 1.507; +R_ = 8.314; +V = 0.3; m = 2; +T1 = 5+273; T2 = 100+273; +R = cp-cv; +mu = R_/R; +Q12 = m*cv*(T2-T1); +W12 = 0 ; +U21 = Q12; +H21= m*cp*(T2-T1); +S21 = m*cv*log(T2/T1); +disp("kJ/kg K",R,"kg/kg mol and",mu,"Molecular weight and the gas constant of the gas are") +disp("kJ",0,"Work done") +disp("kJ",Q12,"The heat transferred") +disp("kJ",U21,"The change in internal energy ") +disp("kJ",S21,"entropy") +disp("kJ/K",H21,"enthalpy") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce b/779/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..77f3b9b2f --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +m = 1.5; +P1 = 5.6; V1 = 0.06; +T2 = 273+240; +a = 0.946; b = 0.662; +k = 0.0001; +// Part (b) +R = a-b; +T1 = (P1*1e03*V1)/(m*R); +W12 = -integrate('m*(b+k*T)','T',T1,T2); +disp("kJ",W12,"The work done in the expansion is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sce b/779/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c081ec3d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +Tb = 353; +T = 303; +R = 8.3143; +P = 101.325*exp((88/R)*(1-(Tb/T))); +disp("kPa",P,"Vapour pressure of benzene is ") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sce b/779/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d66f3ebf0 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +T = (3754-3063)/(23.03-19.49); +P = exp(23.03-(3754/195.2)); +R = 8.3143; +Lsub = R*3754; +Lvap = 3063*R; +Lfu = Lsub-Lvap; +disp("K",T,"Temperature of triple point is") +disp("mm Hg",P,"Pressure of triple point is") +disp("kJ/kg mol",Lsub,"Latent heat of sublimation is") +disp("kJ/kg mol",Lvap,"Latent heat of vapourization is") +disp("kJ/kg mol",Lfu,"Latent heat of fusion is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sce b/779/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3a4fa20ec --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +R = 8.314; +N1 = 0.5e-03; N2 = 0.75e-03; // Mole number of system 1 and 2 in kg/mol +T1 = 200; T2 = 300; +V = 0.02; +Tf = ((N1*T1)+(N2*T2))/(N1+N2); // Final temperature +Uf1 = (3/2)*R*N1*Tf; +Uf2 = (3/2)*R*N2*Tf; +Pf = (R*Tf*(N1+N2))/V; +Vf1 = (R*N1*Tf)/Pf; +Vf2 = V - Vf1; +disp("System 1") +disp("m3",Vf1,"Volume is") +disp("kJ",Uf1,"Energy is") +disp("System 2") +disp("m3",Vf2,"Volume is") +disp("kJ",Uf2,"Energy is") +disp("K",Tf,"Final temperature is") +disp("kPa",Pf,"Final Pressure is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4b1466c17 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Part (a) +P1 = 1e05; +P2 = 10e05; +vf = 0.001043; +Wrev = vf*(P1-P2); +disp("kJ/kg",Wrev/1000,"The work required in saturated liquid form is") +// Part (b) +h1 = 2675.5; s1 = 7.3594; +s2 = s1; +h2 = 3195.5; +Wrev1 = h1-h2; +disp("kJ/kg",Wrev1,"The work required in saturated vapour form is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a9eae1e7d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +h1 = 3037.3; h2 = 561+(0.96*2163.8); +s2 = 1.6718+(0.96*5.3201); +s3s = s2; +x3s = (s3s-0.6493)/7.5009; +h3s = 191.83+(x3s*2392.8); +h23 = 0.8*(h2-h3s); // h2-h3 +h3 = h2-h23; +h5 = 561.47; h4 = 191.83; +Qh = 3500; // in kJ/s +w = Qh/(h2-h5); +Wt = 1500; +ws = (Wt+w*(h2-h3))/(h1-h3); +ws_ = 3600*ws ; // in kg/h +h6 = ((ws-w)*h4+w*h5)/ws; +h7 = h6; +n_boiler = 0.85; +CV = 44000; // in kJ/kg +wf = (1.1*ws_*(h1-h7))/(n_boiler*CV); +disp("kg/h",wf,"Fuel buring rate is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..167c12c95 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.11/12_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +h1 = 3285; h2s = 3010; h3 = 3280; h4s = 3030; +h4 = h3-0.83*(h3-h4s); +h5s = 2225; +h5 = h4-0.83*(h4-h5s); +h6 = 162.7; h7 = h6; +h8 = 762.81; +h2 = h1-0.785*(h1-h2s); +m = (h8-h7)/(h4-h7); +n_cycle = ((h1-h2)+(h3-h4)+(1-m)*(h4-h5))/((h1-h8)+(h3-h2)) +disp("kg/s",m,"Steam flow at turbine inlet is") +disp("%",n_cycle*100,"cycle efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.12/12_12.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.12/12_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a229a6678 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.12/12_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +// From table and graph +h1 = 2792.2; +h4 = 122.96; +hb = 254.88; +hc = 29.98; +ha = 355.98; +hd = hc; +h2 = 1949.27; +// +m = (h1-h4)/(hb-hc); // Amount of mercury circulating +Q1t = m*(ha-hd); +W1t = m*(ha-hb) + (h1-h2); +Nov = W1t/Q1t ; +disp("%",Nov*100,"Overall efficiency of the cycle") +S = 50000; // Stem flow rate through turbine in kg/h +wm = S*m; +disp("kg/h",wm,"Flow through the mercury turbine is") +Wt = W1t*S/3600; +disp("kW",Wt,"Useful work done in binary vapour cycle is") +nm = 0.85; // Internal efficiency of mercury turbine +ns = 0.87; // Internal efficiency of steam turbine +WTm = nm*(ha-hb); +hb_ = ha-WTm; // hb' +m_ = (h1-h4)/(hb_-hc); // m' +h1_ = 3037.3; // h' +Q1t = m_*(ha-hd)+(h1_-h1); +x2_ = (6.9160-0.4226)/(8.47-0.4226); +h2_ = 121+(0.806*2432.9); +WTst = ns*(h1_-h2_); +WTt = m_*(ha-hb_)+WTst; +Nov = WTt/Q1t; +disp("%",Nov*100,"Overall efficiency is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..01285171c --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +h1 = 3159.3; s1 = 6.9917; +h3 = 173.88; s3 = 0.5926; sfp2 = s3; hfp2 = h3; +hfgp2 = 2403.1; sgp2 = 8.2287; +vfp2 = 0.001008; sfgp2 = 7.6361; +x2s = (s1-sfp2)/(sfgp2); +h2s = hfp2+(x2s*hfgp2); +// Part (a) +P1 = 20e02; P2 = 0.08e02; +h4s = vfp2*(P1-P2)+h3 ; +Wp = h4s-h3; +Wt = h1-h2s; +Wnet = Wt-Wp; +Q1 = h1-h4s; +n_cycle = Wnet/Q1; +disp("kJ/kg",Wnet,"Net work per kg of steam is") +disp(n_cycle,"Cycle efficiency is") +// Part (b) +n_p = 0.8; n_t = 0.8; +Wp_ = Wp/n_p; +Wt_ = Wt*n_t; +Wnet_ = Wt_-Wp_; +P = 100*((Wnet-Wnet_)/Wnet) ; +n_cycle_ = Wnet_/Q1; +P_ = 100*((n_cycle-n_cycle_)/n_cycle); +disp("%",P,"Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is") +disp("%",P_,"Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..43c0d5416 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +P1 = 0.08; // in bar +sf = 0.5926; x2s = 0.85; sg = 8.2287; +s2s = sf+(x2s*(sg-sf)); +s1 = s2s; +P2 = 16.832; // by steam table opposite to s1 in bar +h1 = 3165.54; +h2s = 173.88 + (0.85*2403.1); +h3 = 173.88; +vfp2 = 0.001; +h4s = h3 + (vfp2*(P2-P1)*100); +Q1 = h1-h4s; +Wt = h1-h2s; +Wp = h4s-h3; +n_cycle = 100*((Wt-Wp)/Q1); +Tm = (h1-h4s)/(s2s-sf); +disp("bar",P2,"The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is") +disp("%",n_cycle,"Rankine cycle efficiency is") +disp("K",Tm,"Mean temperature of heat addition is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..54fb2568c --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +h1 = 3465; h2s = 3065; h3 = 3565; +h4s = 2300; x4s = 0.88; h5 = 191.83; +v = 0.001; +P = 150; // in bar +Wp = v*P*100; +h6s = 206.83; +Q1 = (h1-h6s)+(h3-h2s); +Wt = (h1-h2s)+(h3-h4s); +Wnet = Wt-Wp; +n_cycle = 100*Wnet/Q1; +sr = 3600/Wnet; +disp(0.88,"Quality at turbine exhaust is") +disp("%",n_cycle,"Cycle efficiency is") +disp("kg/kW h",sr,"steam rate is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a07a99085 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +h1 = 3230.9; s1 = 6.9212; s2 = s1; s3 = s1; +h2 = 2796; sf = 0.6493; sfg = 7.5009; +x3 = (s3-sf)/sfg; +h3 = 191.83 + x3*2392.8; +h4 = 191.83; h5 = h4; +h6 = 640.23; h7 = h6; +m = (h6-h5)/(h2-h5); +Wt = (h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3); +Q1 = h1-h6; +n_cycle = 100*Wt/Q1; +sr = 3600/Wt; +s7 = 1.8607; s4 = 0.6493; +Tm = (h1-h7)/(s1-s7); +Tm1 = (h1-h4)/(s1-s4); // With out regeneration +dT = Tm-Tm1; +Wt_ = h1-h3; +sr_ = 3600/Wt_; +dsr = sr-sr_; +n_cycle_ = 100*(h1-h3)/(h1-h4); +dn = n_cycle-n_cycle_; +disp("%",n_cycle,"Efficiency of the cycle is ") +disp("kg/kW h",sr,"Steam rate of the cycle is") +disp("degree centigrade",dT,"Increase in temperature due to regeneration is") +disp("kg/kW h",dsr,"Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is") +disp("%",dn,"Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is") + diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e1c292ad8 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +h1 = 3023.5; s1 = 6.7664; s2 = s1; s3 = s1; s4 = s1; +t_sat_20 = 212; +t_sat_1 = 46; +dt = t_sat_20-t_sat_1; +n =3; // number of heaters +t = dt/n; +t1 = t_sat_20-t; +t2 = t1-t; +// 0.1 bar +hf = 191.83; hfg = 2392.8; sf = 0.6493; +sg = 8.1502; +// At 100 degree +hf100 = 419.04; hfg100 = 2257.0; sf100 = 1.3069; sg100 = 7.3549; +// At 150 degree +hf150 = 632.20; hfg150 = 2114.3; sf150 = 1.8418; sg150 = 6.8379; +x2 = (s1-sf150)/4.9961; +h2 = hf150+(x2*hfg150); +x3 = (s1-sf100)/6.0480; +h3 = hf100+(x3*hfg100); +x4 = (s1-sf)/7.5010; +h4 = hf+(x4*hfg); +h5 = hf; h6 = h5; +h7 = hf100; h8 = h7; +h9 = 632.2; h10 = h9; +m1 = (h9-h7)/(h2-h7); +m2 = ((1-m1)*(h7-h6))/(h3-h6); +Wt = 1*(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4); +Q1 = h1-h9; +Wp = 0 ; // Pump work is neglected +n_cycle = 100*(Wt-Wp)/Q1; +sr = 3600/(Wt-Wp); +disp("kJ/kg",Wt,"Net work per kg os stem is") +disp("%",n_cycle,"Cycle efficiency is") +disp("kg/kW h",sr,"Stream rate is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fa0b0f1ac --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +Ti = 2000; +Te = 450; +T0 = 300; +Q1_dot = 100e03; // in kW +cpg = 1.1; +wg = Q1_dot/(cpg*(Ti-Te)); +af1 = wg*cpg*T0*((Ti/T0)-1-log(Ti/T0)); +af2 = wg*cpg*T0*((Te/T0)-1-log(Te/T0)); +afi = af1-af2; +h1 = 2801; h3 = 169; h4 = 172.8; h2 = 1890.2; +s1 = 6.068; s2 = s1; s3 = 0.576; s4 = s3; +Wt = h1-h2; +Wp = h4-h3; +Q1 = h1-h4; +Q2 = h2-h3; +Wnet = Wt-Wp; +ws = Q1_dot/2628; +afu = 38*(h1-h4-T0*(s1-s3)); +I_dot = afi-afu; +Wnet_dot = ws*Wnet; +afc = ws*(h2-h3-T0*(s2-s3)); +n2 = 100*Wnet_dot/af1; +disp("%",n2,"The second law efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..717fa67d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +// Part (a) +h1 = 2758; h2 = 1817; h3 = 192; h4 = 200; +Wt = h1-h2; Wp = h4-h3; +Q1 = h1-h4; Wnet = Wt-Wp; +n1 = Wnet/Wt; +WR = Wnet/Wp; +Q1_ = 100; +PO = n1*Q1_; +cp = 1000; +wg = (Q1_/(833-450)); +EIR = wg*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300))); +n2 = PO/EIR ; +disp("Part (a)") +disp("%",n1*100,"n1 is") +disp("%",n2*100,"n2 is") +disp(WR,"Work ratio is") +// Part (b) +h1b = 3398; h2b = 2130; h3b = 192; h4b = 200; +Wtb = 1268; Wpb = 8; Q1b = 3198; +n1b = (Wt-Wp)/Q1; +WRb = (Wt-Wp)/Wt; +EIRb = 59.3; +Wnetb = Q1b*n1b; +n2b = Wnetb/EIRb; +disp("Part (b)") +disp("%",n1b*100,"n1 is") +disp("%",n2b*100,"n2 is") +disp(WRb,"Work ratio is") +// Part (c) +h1c = 3398; h2c = 2761; h3c = 3482; h4c = 2522; h5c = 192; h6c = 200; +Wt1 = 637; Wt2 = 960; Wtc = Wt1+Wt2; Wpc = 8; +Wnetc = 1589; Q1c = 3198+721; +n1c = Wnetc/Q1c; +WRc = Wnetc/Wtc; +POc = Q1_*n1c; +EIRc = 59.3; +n2c = POc/EIRc; +disp("Part (c)") +disp("%",n1c*100,"n1 is") +disp("%",n2c*100,"n2 is") +disp(WRc,"Work ratio is") +// Part (d) +T3 = 318.8; T1 = 568; +n1d = 1-(T3/T1); +Q1d = 2758-1316; +Wnet = Q1d*n1d; +Wpd = 8; Wtd = 641; +WRd = (Wt-Wp)/Wt; +POd = Q1_*0.439; +EIRd = (Q1_/(833-593))*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300))); +n2d = POd/EIRd; +disp("Part (d)") +disp("%",n1d*100,"n1 is") +disp("%",n2d*100,"n2 is") +disp(WRd,"Work ratio is") diff --git a/779/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce b/779/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8a1c487d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH12/EX12.9/12_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +hfg = 2202.6; +Qh = 5.83; +ws = Qh/hfg; +eg = 0.9; // efficiency of generator +P = 1000; +Wnet = 1000/0.9; +nbrake = 0.8; +h1_2s = Wnet/(ws*nbrake); // h1-h2s +n_internal = 0.85; +h12 = n_internal*h1_2s; +hg = 2706.3; h2 = hg; +h1 = h12+h2; +h2s = h1-h1_2s; +hf = 503.71; +x2s = (h2s-hf)/hfg; +sf = 1.5276; sfg = 5.6020; +s2s = sf+(x2s*sfg); +s1 = s2s; +P1 = 22.5; // in bar from Moiller chart +t1 = 360; +disp("degree",t1,"Temperature of the steam is") +disp("bar",P1,"Pressure of the steam is ") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04d3a7ef9 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +T1 = 273+35; +P1 = 100e03; // in kN/m2 +Q1 = 2100; +R = 0.287; +v1 = 0.884; v2 = 0.11; v3 = v2; +rk = 8; g = 1.4; // gamma +n_cycle = 1-(1/rk^(1.4-1)); +v12 = 8; // v1/v2 +v1 = (R*T1)/P1; +v2 = v1/8; +T2 = T1*(v1/v2)^(g-1); +cv = 0.718; +T3 = Q1/cv + T2 +P21 = (v1/v2)^g; +P2 = P21*P1; +P3 = P2*(T3/T2); +Wnet = Q1*n_cycle; +Pm = Wnet/(v1-v2); +disp("MPa",P3/1e06,"Maximum pressure is") +disp("K",T3,"Temperature of the cycle is") +disp("%",n_cycle*100,"Cycle efficiency is") +disp("MPa",Pm/1e06,"Mean effective pressure is") + + + diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.10/13_10.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.10/13_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c3e8bf838 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.10/13_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +T1 = 233; V1 = 300; cp = 1.005; g = 1.4; +T2 = T1+((V1^2)/(2*cp))*1e-03 ; +P1 = 35; +P2 = P1*(T2/T1)^(g/(g-1)); +rp = 10; // Pressure ratio +P3 = rp*P2; +T3 = T2*(P3/P2)^((g-1)/g); +T4 = 1373; +T5 = T4-T3+T2; +P4 = P3; +P5 = P4*(T5/T4)^(g/(g-1)); +disp("K",T5,"Temperature at the turbine exit is") +disp("kPa",P5,"Pressure at the turbine exit is") +P6 = P1; +T6 = T5*(P6/P5)^((g-1)/g); +V6 = (2*cp*1000*(T5-T6))^0.5 ; +disp("m/s",V6,"Velocity of the gas at the nozzle exit is") +w = 50; +Ve = V6; Vi = 300; +Wp_dot = w*Vi*(Ve-Vi); +h4 = 1373; h3 = 536.66; +Q1 = w*cp*(h4-h3); // in kJ/kg +np = Wp_dot/(Q1*1000); +disp("%",np*100,"The propulsive efficiency of the cycle is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.11/13_11.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.11/13_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..05feed6b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.11/13_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +Ta = 288; +rp = 8; // Pb/Pa +g = 1.33; g1 = 1.44; cv = 0.718; cpa = 1.005; cpg = 1.11; R = 0.287; +Tb = Ta*(rp)^((g1-1)/g1); +Tc = 1073; Tm = 800+273; Tmin = 100+273; +Td = Tc/(rp^((g-1)/g)); +Wgt = cpg*(Tc-Td)-cpa*(Tb-Ta); +Q1 = cpg*(Tc-Tb); +Q1_ = cpg*(Tc-Td); +h1 = 3775; h2 = 2183; h3 = 138; h4 = h3; +Q1_st = h1-h3; // Q1' +Q_fe = cpg*(Tm-Tmin); +was = Q1_st/Q_fe; // wa/ws +Wst = h1-h2; +PO = 190e03; // in kW +ws = PO/(was*Wgt+Wst); +wa = was*ws; +CV = 43300; // in kJ/kg +waf = CV/(Q1+Q1_); +FEI = (wa/waf)*CV; +noA = PO/FEI; +disp(waf,"Air fuel ratio is") +disp("%",noA*100,"Overall efficiency of combined plant is") + + + diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4fba6110d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +rk = 14; +k = 0.06 +rc = k*(14-1)+1; +g = 1.4; +n_diesel = 1-((1/g))*(1/rk^(g-1))*((rc^(g-1))/(rc-1)); +disp("%",n_diesel*100,"Air standard efficiency is") + diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2381ba2f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +rk = 16; +T1 = 273+15; +P1 = 100; // in kN/m2 +T3 = 1480+273; +g = 1.4; // gamma +R = 0.287; +T2 = 288*(rk^(g-1)); +rc = T3/T2 ; +cp = 1.005; cv = 0.718; +Q1 = cp*(T3-T2); +T4 = T3*((rc/rk)^(g-1)); +Q2 = cv*(T4-T1); +n = 1-(Q2/Q1); // cycle efficiency +n_ = 1-((1/g))*(1/rk^(g-1))*((rc^(g-1))/(rc-1)); // cycle efficiency from another formula +Wnet = Q1*n; +v1 = (R*T1)/P1 ; +v2 = v1/rk; +Pm = Wnet/(v1-v2); +disp(rc,"cut-off ratio is") +disp("kJ/kg",Q1,"Heat supplied per kg of air is") +disp("%",n*100,"Cycle efficiency is") +disp("KPa",Pm,"Mean effective pressure is") + diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..333e0c5b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +T1 = 273+50; +rk = 16; +g = 1.4; // gamma +P3 = 70; cv = 0.718; cp = 1.005; R = 0.287; +T2 = T1*((rk^(g-1))); +P1 = 1; // in bar +P2 = P1*(rk)^g; +T3 = T2*(P3/P2); +Q23 = cv*(T3-T2); +T4 = (Q23/cp)+T3; +v43 = T4/T3; // v4/v3 +v54 = rk/v43; // v5/v4 = (v1/v2)*(v3/v4) +T5 = T4*(1/v54)^(g-1); +P5 = P1*(T5/T1); +Q1 = cv*(T3-T2)+cp*(T4-T3); +Q2 = cv*(T5-T1); +n_cycle = 1-(Q2/Q1); +v1 = (R*T1)/P1; +v12 = (15/16)*v1; // v1-v2 +Wnet = Q1*n1; +Pm = Wnet/(v12); +disp("%",n*100,"Efficiency of the cycle is") +disp("bar",Pm,"Mean effective pressure is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56f86ee4d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +P1 = 0.1e06; +T1 = 303; +T3 = 1173; +PR = 6; // Pressure ratio +rp = 6; nt = 0.8; nc = 0.8; +g = 1.4; cv = 0.718; cp = 1.005; R = 0.287; +j = (PR)^((g-1)/g); +T2s = j*T1; +T4s = T3/j; +T21 = (T2s-T1)/nc ; // T2-T1 +T34 = nt*(T3-T4s); // T3-T4 +Wt = cp*T34; +Wc = cp*T21; +T2 = T21+T1; +Q1 = cp*(T3-T2); +n = (Wt-Wc)/Q1; +T4 = T3-375; +T6 = 0.75*(T4-T2) + T2 ; +Q1_ = cp*(T3-T6); +n_ = (Wt-Wc)/Q1_; +I = (n_-n)/n ; +disp("%",I*100,"The percentage efficiency in cycle efficiency due to regeneration is") diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f603e64c --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +cp = 1.005; +Tmax = 1073; Tmin = 300; +Wnet_max = cp*(sqrt(Tmax)-sqrt(Tmin))^2; +n_cycle = 1-sqrt(Tmin/Tmax); +n_carnot = 1-(Tmin/Tmax); +r = n_cycle/n_carnot; +disp("kJ/kg",Wnet_max,"Maximum work done per kg of air is") +disp("%",n_cycle*100,"cycle efficiency is") +disp(r,"ratio of brayton and carnot efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1c9ba6081 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +rp = 6; +g = 1.4; cv = 0.718; cp = 1.005; R = 0.287; +T1 = 300; T3 = 1100; T0 = 300; +n_cycle = 1-(1/rp^((g-1)/g)); +j = rp^((g-1)/g); +T2 = T1*j; +T4 = T3/j; +Wc = cp*(T2-T1); +Wt = cp*(T3-T4); +WR = (Wt-Wc)/Wt; +Q1 = 100; // in MW +PO = n_cycle*Q1; +m_dot = (Q1*1e06)/(cp*(T3-T2)); +R = m_dot*cp*T0*((T4/T0)-1-log(T4/T0)); +disp("%",n_cycle*100,"The thermal efficiency of the cycle is") +disp(WR,"Work ratio is") +disp("MW",PO,"Power output is") +disp("MW",R/1e06,"Energy flow rate of the exhaust gas stream is") diff --git a/779/CH13/EX13.8/13_8.sce b/779/CH13/EX13.8/13_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..03387cc21 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH13/EX13.8/13_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +nc = 0.87; nt = 0.9; T1 = 311; +rp = 8; // P2/P1 +P1 = 1; P2 = 8; P3 = 0.95*P2; P4 = 1; +g = 1.4; cv = 0.718; cp = 1.005; R = 0.287; +// With no cooling +T2s = T1*((P2/P1)^((g-1)/g)); +T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/0.87; +T4s = T3*(P4/P3)^((g-1)/g); +n = (((T3-T4s)*nt)-((T2s-T1)/nc))/(T3-T2); +// With cooling +n_cycle = n-0.05; +x = 0.13; +r = 0.13/1.13; +disp("%",r*100,"Percentage of air that may be taken from the compressor is") + diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..419a01074 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.1/14_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +T2 = 268; T1 = 308; +COP = T2/(T1-T2); +ACOP = COP/3; // Actual COP +Q2 = 29; // in kW +W = Q2/ACOP; +disp("kW",W,"Power required to derive the plane is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a7fc63382 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.2/14_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +h1 = 236.04; s1 = 0.9322; s2 = s1; +P2 = 0.8; // in MPa +h2 = 272.05; h3 = 93.42; h4 = h3; +m = 0.06; // mass flow rate +Q2 = m*(h1-h4); +Wc = m*(h2-h1); +Q1 = m*(h2-h4); +COP = Q2/Wc; +disp("kW",Q2,"The rate of heat removal is") +disp("kW",Wc,"Power input to the compressor is") +disp("kW",Q1,"The heat rejection rate in the condenser is") +disp(COP,"COP is") diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..65103e935 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.3/14_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +h1 = 183.19; h2 = 209.41; h3 = 74.59; h4 = h3; +T1 = 313; T2 = 263; +W = 70000/3600; // Plant capacity in kW +w = W/(h1-h4); // Refrigerant flow rate +v1 = 0.077; +VFR = w*v1; +T = 48; // in degree +P2 = 9.6066; P1 = 2.1912; +rp = P2/P1; // Pressure ratio +Q1 = w*(h2-h3); +hf = 26.87; hfg = 156.31; +x4 = (h4-hf)/hfg; +COP = (h1-h4)/(h2-h1); +PI = w*(h2-h1); +COP = T2/(T1-T2); +COP_v = 4.14; +r = COP_v/COP; +disp("kg/s",w,"Refrigerant flow rate is") +disp("m3/s",VFR,"Volume flow rate is") +disp("degree",T,"Compressor discharge temperature is") +disp(rp,"Pressure ratio is") +disp("kW",Q1,"Heat rejected to the condenser is") +disp("%",x4*100,"Flash gas percentage is") +disp(COP,"COP is") +disp("kW",PI,"Power required to drive the compressor is") +disp(r,"Ratio of COP of carnot refrigerator is") + + + diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.4/14_4.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.4/14_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ee7ec92d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.4/14_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +h3 = 882; h2 = 1034; +h6 = 998; h1 = 1008; +v1 = 0.084; +h4 = h3-h1+h6; h5 = h4; +t4 = 25+273; +disp("kJ/kg",h6-h5,"Refrigeration effect is") +m = 10; +w = (m*14000)/((h6-h5)*3600); // in kg/s +disp("kg/s",w,"Refrigerant flow rate is") +v1 = 0.084; +VFR = w*3600*v1; // in kg/h +ve = 0.8; // volumetric efficiency +CD = VFR/(ve*60); // in m3/min +N = 900; +n = 2; +D = ((CD*4)/(%pi*1.1*N*n))^(1/3); // L = 1.1D L = length D = diameter +L = 1.1*D; +disp("cm",D*100,"Diameter of cylinder is") +disp("cm",L*100,"Length of cylinder is") +COP = (h6-h5)/(h2-h1); +PI = w*(h2-h1); +disp("kW",PI,"Power required to drive the compresor is") +disp(COP,"COP is") + diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a20684c20 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.5/14_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +P2 = 1554.3; +P1 = 119.5; +Pi = sqrt(P1*P2); +h1 = 1404.6; h2 = 1574.3; h3 = 1443.5; h4 = 1628.1; +h5 = 371.7; h6 = h5; h7 = 181.5; +w = 30; // capacity of plant +m2_dot = (3.89*30)/(h1-h7); +m1_dot = m2_dot*((h2-h7)/(h3-h6)); +Wc_dot = m2_dot*(h2-h1)+m1_dot*(h4-h3); +COP = w*3.89/Wc_dot; +// single stage +h1_ = 1404.6; h2_ = 1805.1; +h3_ = 371.1; h4_ = h3_; +m_dot = (3.89*30)/(h1_-h4_); +Wc = m_dot*(h2_-h1_); +COP_ = w*3.89/Wc; +IW = (Wc-Wc_dot)/Wc_dot; +ICOP = (COP-COP_)/COP_ +disp("%",IW*100,"Increase in work of compression is") +disp("%",ICOP*100,"Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..14fb2b0d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.6/14_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +tsat = 120.2+273; hfg = 2201.9; +T1 = 120.2+273; +T2 = 30+273; +Tr = -10+273; +COP_max = ((T1-T2)*Tr)/((T2-Tr)*T1); +ACOP = 0.4*COP_max; +Qe = (20*14000)/3600; // in KW +Qg = Qe/ACOP; +x = 0.9; +H = x*hfg; +SFR = Qg/H; +disp("kg/s",SFR,"Steam flow rate required is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c9c59465a --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.7/14_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +T1 = 277; T3 = 273+55; +rp = 3; // Pressure ratio +g = 1.4; cp = 1.005; +T2s = T1*(rp^((g-1)/g)); +T2 = T1+(T2s-T1)/0.72 +T4s = T3/(rp^((g-1)/g)); +T34 = 0.78*(T3-T4s); // T3-T4 +T4 = T3-T34; +COP = (T1-T4)/((T2-T1)-(T3-T4)); +disp(COP,"COP of the refrigerator is") +P = (3*14000)/(COP*3600) +disp("kW",P,"Driving power required is") +m = (3*14000)/(cp*(T1-T4)); +disp("kg/s",m/3600,"Mass flow rate is") diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f1436c77 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.8/14_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +P1 = 2.4; T1 = 0+273; +h1 = 188.9; s1 = 0.7177; v1 = 0.0703; +P2 = 9; T2 = 60+273; +h2 = 219.37; +h2s = 213.27; +h3 = 71.93; h4 = h3; +v1 = 0.0703; +A1V1 = 0.6/60; +m_dot = A1V1/0.0703; +Wc_dot = m_dot*(h2-h1); +Q1_dot = m_dot*(h2-h3); +COP = Q1_dot/Wc_dot; +nis = (h2s-h1)/(h2-h1); +disp("kW",Wc_dot,"Power input is") +disp("kW",Q1_dot,"Heating capacity is") +disp(COP,"COP is") +disp("%",nis*100,"The isentropic compressor efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce b/779/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7a4879378 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH14/EX14.9/14_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +T1 = 275; T3 = 310; +P1 = 1 ; P2 = 4; +T2s = T1*(P2/P1); +nc = 0.8; +T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)*nc; +pr = 0.1; +P3 = P2-0.1; +P4 = P1+0.08; +PR = P3/P4; +disp(PR,"Pressure ratio for the turbine is") +T4s = T3*(1/PR)^(0.286); +nt = 0.85; +T4 = T3-(T3-T4s)*nt; +COP = (T1-T4)/((T2-T3)-(T1-T4)); +disp(COP,"COP is") diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d2edc8b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +Ps = 0.033363; P = 1.0132; +W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps); +hfg2 = 2439.9; hf2 = 109.1; cpa = 1.005; +hg = 2559.9; hw1 = hg; +T2 = 25+273; T1 = 32+273; +W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2); +Pw = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622)); +disp("kg vap./kg dry air",W1,"Specific humidity is") +disp("bar",Pw,"Partial pressure of water vapour is") +disp("degree",24.1,"Dew point temperature is") // saturation temperature at 0.03 bar +Psat = 0.048; // at 32 degree +fi = Pw/Psat; +disp("%",fi*100,"Relative humidity is") +mu = (Pw/Ps)*((P-Ps)/(P-Pw)); +disp(mu,"Degree of saturation is") +Pa = P-Pw; +Ra = 0.287; Tab = T1; +rho_a = (Pa*100)/(Ra*Tab); +disp("kg/m3",rho_a,"Density of dry air is") +rho_w = W1*rho_a; +disp("kg/m3",rho_w,"Density of water vapour is") +ta = 32; tdb = 32; tdp = 24.1; +h = cpa*ta + W1*(hg+1.88*(tdb-tdp)); +disp("kJ/kg",h,"Enthalpy of the mixture is") diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..79a619ce8 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +Ps = 2.339; P = 100; +W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps); +hfg2 = 2454.1; hf2 = 83.96; cpa = 1.005; +hw1 = 2556.3; +T2 = 20; T1 = 30; +W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2); +Pw1 = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622)); +Ps1 = 4.246; +fi = (Pw1/Ps1); +disp("%",fi*100,"Relative humidity is") +disp("kg vap./kg dry air",W1,"Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6828b651d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +Psat = 2.339; +fi3 = 0.50; +P = 101.3; cp = 1.005; +Pw3 = fi3*Psat; +Pa3 = P-Pw3; +W3 = 0.622*(Pw3/Pa3); +Psa1_1 = 0.7156; +Pw1 = 0.7156; +Pa1 = P-Pw1; +W1 = 0.622*(Pw1/Pa1); W2 = W1; +T3 = 293; Ra = 0.287; Pa3 = 100.13; +va3 = (Ra*T3)/Pa3; +SW = (W3-W1)/va3; +t3 = 20; tsat = 9.65; hg = 2518; h4 = 10; +t2 = ( W3*(hg+1.884*(t3-tsat))-W2*(hg-1.884*tsat) + cp*t3 - (W3-W2)*h4 )/ (cp+W2*1.884) +disp("kg moisture/m3",SW,"Mass of spray water required is") +disp("degree",t2,"Temperature to which air must be heated is") + diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..987c14ac6 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +h1 = 82; h2 = 52; h3 = 47; h4 = 40; +W1 = 0.020; W2 = 0.0115; W3 = W2; +v1 = 0.887; +v = 3.33; // amount of free sir circulated +G = v/v1; +CC = (G*(h1-h3)*3600)/14000; // in tonns +R = G*(W1-W3); +disp("tonnes",CC,"Capacity of the cooling coil in tonnes") +disp("kg/s",R,"Rate of water vapour removed is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b989f2757 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +W1 = 0.0058; W2 = 0.0187; +h1 = 35; h2 = 90; +G12 = 1/2; // G12 = G1/G2 +W3 = (W2+G12*W1)/(1+G12); +h3 = (2/3)*h2 + (1/3)*h1; +disp("Final condition of air is given by") +disp("kg vap./kg dry air",W3,"W3 = ") +disp("kJ/kg dry air",h3,"h3 = ") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d6726bf76 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +h1 = 57; h2 = h1; +h3 = 42; +W1 = 0.0065; W2 = 0.0088; W3 = W2; +t2 = 34.5; v1 = 0.896; +n = 1500; // seating capacity of hall +a = 0.3; // amount of out door air suplied +G = (n*a)/0.896 ; // Amount of dry air suplied +CC = (G*(h2-h3)*60)/14000; // in tonns +R = G*(W2-W1)*60; +disp("tonnes",CC,"Capacity of the cooling coil in tonnes") +disp("kg/h",R,"Capacity of humidifier") diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c10c0fc77 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +twb1 = 15.2; twb2 = 26.7; tw3 = 30; +h1 = 43; h2 = 83.5; hw = 84; mw = 1.15; +W1 = 0.0088; W2 = 0.0213; +hw3 = 125.8; hm = 84; +G = 1; +hw34 = (G/mw)*((h2-h1)-(W2-W1)*hw); // hw3-hw4 +tw4 = tw3-(hw34/4.19); +A = tw4-twb1; +R = tw3-tw4; +x = G*(W2-W1); +disp("degree",tw4,"Temperature of water leaving the tower is") +disp("kg/kg dry sir",x,"Fraction of water evoporated is") +disp("degree",R,"Range of cooling water is") +disp("degree",A,"Approach of cooling water is") + diff --git a/779/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sce b/779/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..22a31fe90 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +Psat1 = 0.01705; hg1 = 2528.9; // at 15 degree +Psat2 = 0.05628; hg2 = 2565.3; // At 35 degree +fi1 = 0.55; +Pw1 = fi1*Psat1; +fi2 = 1; +Pw2 = fi2*Psat2; +P = 1; +W1 = (0.622*Pw1)/(P-Pw1); +W2 = (0.622*Pw2)/(P-Pw2); +MW = W2-W1; +t2 = 35; t1 = 15; +m_dot = 2.78; +cpa = 1.005; +h43 = 35*4.187; // h4-h3 +h5 = 14*4.187; +m_dot_w = (-(W2-W1)*h5 - W1*hg1 + W2*hg2 + cpa*(t2-t1))/(h43) ; +R = m_dot/m_dot_w ; +MW = (W2-W1)*R; +RWA = R*(1+W1); +R = 0.287; T = 288; +V_dot = (RWA*R*T)/(P*1e02) ; // Pressure is in kilo Pascal +disp("kg/s",MW,"Make up water flow rate is") +disp("m3/s",V_dot,"Volume flow rate of air is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.10/16_10.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.10/16_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7e3e6dfa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.10/16_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +Hr1 = -249952; // For octane +Hp1 = Hr1; +// Below values are calculated using value fron table 16.4 +T2 = 1000; +Hp2 = -1226577 +T3 = 1200; +Hp3 = 46537; +T4 = 1100; +Hp4 = -595964; +Hp = [Hp2 Hp3 Hp4] +T = [T2 T3 T4] +T1 = interpln([Hp ; T],Hp1); // Interpolation to find temperature at Hp1 +disp("K",T1,"the adeabatic flame temperature is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.11/16_11.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.11/16_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6ee53a760 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.11/16_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Refer table 16.4 for values +T0 = 298; +Wrev = -23316-3*(-394374)-4*(-228583); +Wrev_ = Wrev/44; // in kJ/kg +Hr = -103847; +T = 980; // Through trial and error +Sr = 270.019+20*205.142+75.2*191.611; +Sp = 3*268.194 + 4*231.849 + 15*242.855 + 75.2*227.485; +IE = Sp-Sr; // Increase in entropy +I = T0*3699.67/44; +Si = Wrev_ - I; +disp("kJ/kg",Wrev_,"Reversible work is") +disp("kj/kg mol K",Sp-Sr,"Increase in entropy during combustion is") +disp("kJ/kg",I,"Irreversibility of the process") +disp("kJ/kg",Si,"Availability of products of combustion is") diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.12/16_12.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.12/16_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f4c8fd5b --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.12/16_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +T0 = 298.15; P0 = 1; R = 8.3143; +xn2 = 0.7567; xo2 = 0.2035; xh2o = 0.0312; xco2 = 0.0003; +// Part (a) +g_o2 = 0; g_c = 0; g_co2 = -394380; +A = -g_co2 + R*T0*log(xo2/xco2); +disp("kJ/k mol",A,"The chemical energy of carbon is") +// Part (b) +g_h2 = 0; g_h2o_g = -228590; +B = g_h2 + g_o2/2 - g_h2o_g + R*T0*log(xo2^0.5/xh2o); +disp("kJ/k mol",B,"The chemical energy of hydrogen is") +// Part (c) +g_ch4 = -50790; +C = g_ch4 + 2*g_o2 - g_co2 - 2*g_h2o_g + R*T0*log((xo2^2)/(xco2*xh2o)); +disp("kJ/k mol",C,"The chemical energy of methane is") +// Part (d) +g_co = -137150; +D = g_co + g_o2/2 - g_co2 + R*T0*log((xo2^0.5)/xco2); +disp("kJ/k mol",D,"The chemical energy of Carbonmonoxide is") +// Part (e) +g_ch3oh = -166240; +E = g_ch3oh + 1.5*g_o2 - g_co2 - 2*g_h2o_g + R*T0*log((xo2^1.5)/(xco2*(xh2o^2))) +disp("kJ/k mol",E,"The chemical energy of methanol is") +// Part (f) +F = R*T0*log(1/xn2); +disp("kJ/k mol",F,"The chemical energy of nitrogen is") +// Part (g) +G = R*T0*log(1/xo2); +disp("kJ/k mol",G,"The chemical energy of Oxygen is") +// Part (h) +H = R*T0*log(1/xco2); +disp("kJ/k mol",H,"The chemical energy of carbondioxide is") +// Part (i) +g_h2o_l = -237180; +I = g_h2o_l - g_h2o_g + R*T0*log(1/xh2o); +disp("kJ/k mol",I,"The chemical energy of water is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..12319e56d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.13/16_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +b = 8/(0.114+0.029); // By carbon balance +C = 18/2; // By hydrogen balance +a = b*0.114 + (b/2)*0.029 + b*0.016 + C/2 ; // By oxygen balance +Wcv = 1; // Power developed by engine in kW +n_fuel = (0.57*1)/(3600*114.22); +Qcv = Wcv-n_fuel*3845872; // 5.33 +disp("kW",Qcv,"The rate of heat transfer from the engine is") +// Part (b) +ach = 5407843; // chemical energy of liquid octane +n2 = Wcv/(n_fuel*ach); +disp("%",n2*100,"The second law efficiency is") diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..072e2a0c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +eps_e = 0.27; P = 1 ; +K = (4*eps_e^2*P)/(1-eps_e^2); +P1 = 100/760; // in Pa +eps_e_1 = sqrt((K/P1)/(4+(K/P1))); +T1 = 318; T2 = 298; +R = 8.3143; K1 = 0.664; K2 = 0.141; +dH = 2.30*R*((T1*T2)/(T1-T2))*(log(K1/K2)); +disp("atm",K,"K is") +disp(eps_e_1,"epislon is ") +disp("kJ/kg mol",dH,"The heat of reaction is") diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a33d16858 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +v1 = 1; v2 = v1; v3 = v2; v4 = v2; +e = 0.56; // Degree of reaction +P = 1; // Dummy +T = 1200; R = 8.3143; +x1 = (1-e)/2; x2 = (1-e)/2; +x3 = e/2; x4 = e/2; +K = (((x3^v3)*(x4^v4))/((x1^v1)*(x2^v2)))*P^(v3+v4-v1-v2); // Equillibrium constant +dG = -R*T*log(K); +disp(K,"Equillibrium constant is") +disp("J/gmol",dG,"Gibbs function change is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c25db697f --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +Veo = 1.777; // Ve/Vo +e = 1-Veo; // Degree of dissociation +P = 0.124; // in atm +K = (4*e^2*P)/(1-e^2); +disp("atm",K,"The value of equillibrium constant is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0d982dd96 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +v1 = 1; v2 = 0; v3 = 1; v4 = 1/2; +dH = 250560; e = 3.2e-03; +R = 8.3143; T = 1900; +Cp = ((dH^2)*(1+e/2)*e*(1+e))/(R*T^2*(v1+v2)*(v3+v4)); +disp("j/gmol K",Cp,"Cp is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..24722ae87 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +a = 21.89; +y = 18.5; +x = 8.9; +PC = 100*(x*12)/((8.9*12)+(18.5*1)); +PH = 100-PC; +AFR = ((32*a)+(3.76*a*28))/((12*x)+y); +EAU = (8.8*32)/((21.89*32)-(8.8*32)); +disp("%",PH,"Hydrogen","%",PC,"carbon","The composition of fuel is") +disp(AFR,"Air fuel ratio is") +disp("%",EAU*100,"Percentage of excess air used is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1b3762d5d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +hf_co2 = -393522; +hf_h20 = -285838; +hf_ch4 = -74874; +D = hf_co2 + (2*hf_h20); +QCV = hf_ch4; +disp("kJ",D,"Heat transfer per kg mol of fuel is") + + diff --git a/779/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sce b/779/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8da79aee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +// Below values are taken fron table 16.4 +Hr = -249952+(18.7*560)+(70*540); +Hp = 8*(-393522+20288)+9*(-241827+16087)+6.25*14171+70*13491; +Wcv = 150; // Energy out put from engine in kW +Qcv = -205; // Heat transfer from engine in kW +n = (Wcv-Qcv)*3600/(Hr-Hp); +disp("kg/h",n*114,"Fuel consumption rate is") diff --git a/779/CH17/EX17.1/17_1.sce b/779/CH17/EX17.1/17_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4ada5e0ed --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH17/EX17.1/17_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +T0 = 37+273; P = 40; g = 1.4; +function [x] = speed(a,b,f) + N = 100; + eps = 1e-5; + if((f(a)*f(b))>0) then + error('no root possible f(a)*f(b)>0'); + abort; + end; + if(abs(f(a))0) + c = (a+b)/2 + if(abs(f(c))0) then + error('no root possible f(a)*f(b)>0'); + abort; + end; + if(abs(f(a))0) + c = (a+b)/2 + if(abs(f(c))0) then + error('no root possible f(a)*f(b)>0'); + abort; + end; + if(abs(f(a))0) + c = (a+b)/2 + if(abs(f(c))0) then + error('no root possible f(a)*f(b)>0'); + abort; + end; + if(abs(f(a))0) + c = (a+b)/2 + if(abs(f(c)) T2 so the process must be polytropic") +// Part (b) +p = log(P2/P1); q = log(T2/T1); +n = p/(p-q); +disp(n,"The polytropic index is") +// Part (c) +cp = 1.0035; R = 0.287; +Wa = cp*(T1-T2)-(V2^2/2)*1e-03 ; +Wt = -R*T0*log(P2/P1)-(V2^2/2)*1e-03; +Nt = Wt/Wa; +disp(Nt,"The isothermal effiency is") +// Part (d) +f12 = cp*(T1-T2) + T0*((R*log(P2/P1))-(cp*log(T2/T1))) - (V2^2/2)*1e-03 ; +I = f12-Wa ; +disp("kW respectively",I,"and",f12,"The minimum work input and irreversibility are") +// Part (e) +n2 = (f12/Wa); +disp(n2,"Second law efficiency is") diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..734cecf59 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +Tw = 75+273; +Ts = 5+273; // Ts = T0 +m = 40; +cp = 4.2; +W = integrate('m*cp*(1-(Ts/T))','T',Ts,Tw); +Q1 = m*cp*(Tw-Ts); +UE = Q1-W; +disp("kJ",W,"Total work") +disp("kJ",Q1,"Heat released") +disp("kJ",UE,"Internal energy change") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..de019f1f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +Ts = 273+15; +Tw1 = 95+273; +Tw2 = 35+273; +m1 = 25; m2 = 35; +cp = 4.2; +AE25 = integrate('m1*cp*(1-(Ts/T))','T',Ts,Tw1); +AE35 = integrate('m2*cp*(1-(Ts/T))','T',Ts,Tw2); +AEt = AE25 + AE35; +Tm = (m1*Tw1+m2*Tw2)/(m1+m2); // Temperature after mixing +AE60 = integrate('(m1+m2)*cp*(1-(Ts/T))','T',Ts,Tm); +AE = AEt - AE60; +disp("kJ",AE,"The decrease in the totla energy is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6a825a179 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +N1 = 3000; +w1 = (2*%pi*N1)/60; +I = 0.54; +Ei = 0.5*I*w1^2; +ti = 15+273; +m = 2; +dt = Ei/(1000*2*4.187); +tf = ti+dt; +AE = integrate('m*4.187*(1-(ti/T))','T',ti,tf); +UE = Ei/1000 - AE; +w2 = sqrt(AE*1000*2/I); +N2 = (w2*60)/(2*%pi); +disp(N2,"The final RPM of the flywheel would be") diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8ae109e20 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +T1 = 353; T2 = 278; +V2 = 2; V1 = 1; +P0 = 100; P1 = 500; +R = 0.287; cv = 0.718; +m = 2; +S = integrate('(m*cv)/T','T',T1,T2) + integrate('(m*R)/V','V',V1,V2); // S = S1-S2 +U = m*cv*(T1-T2); +Wmax = U-(T2*(-S)); +V1_ = (m*R*T1)/P1; +CA = Wmax-P0*(V1_); // Change in availability +I = T2*S; +disp("kJ",Wmax,"The maximum work is") +disp("kJ",CA,"Change in availability is") +disp("kJ",I,"Irreversibility is") + diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f75328dba --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +P1 = 500; P2 = 100; +T1 = 793; T2 = 573; +cp = 1.005; T0 = 293; R = 0.287; +S21 = (R*log(P2/P1))-(cp*log(T2/T1)) +CA = cp*(T1-T2)-T0*S21; // Change in v=availability +disp("kJ/kg",CA,"The decrease in availability is") +Wmax = CA; +disp("kJ/kg",Wmax,"The maximum work is") +Q = -10; +W = cp*(T1-T2)+Q ; +I = Wmax-W; +disp("kJ/kg",I,"The irreversibility is") +// Altenatively +Ssystem = -Q/T0; +Ssurr = -S21; +I1 = T0*(Ssystem+Ssurr); + + diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ee5bb35e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +T0 = 300; +Tg1 = 573; Tg2 = 473; +Ta1 = 313; +cpg = 1.09; cpa = 1.005; +mg = 12.5; ma = 11.15; +f1 = cpg*(Tg1-T0)-T0*cpg*(log(Tg1/T0)); +f2 = cpg*(Tg2-T0)-T0*cpg*(log(Tg2/T0)); +disp("kJ/Kg respectively",f2,"and",f1,"The initial and final availbility of the products are") +// Part (b) +Dfg = f1-f2; +Ta2 = Ta1 + (mg/ma)*(cpg/cpa)*(Tg1-Tg2); +Ifa = cpa*(Ta2-Ta1)-T0*cpa*(log(Ta2/Ta1)); +I = mg*Dfg-ma*Ifa; +disp("kW",I,"The irreversibility of the process is") +// Part (c) +Ta2_ = Ta1*(%e^(-(mg/ma)*(cpg/cpa)*log(Tg2/Tg1))); +Q1 = mg*cpg*(Tg1-Tg2); +Q2 = ma*cpa*(Ta2_-Ta1); +W = Q1-Q2; +disp("kW",W,"Tota power generated by the heat engine") diff --git a/779/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sce b/779/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6d17844e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +T2 = 1063; +T1 = 1073; +m = 2; cp = 1.1; +I = m*cp*((T1-T2)-T0*(log(T1/T2))); +disp("kW",I,"The irrevesibility rate is") +// At lower temperature +T1_ = 353; T2_ = 343; +I_ = m*cp*((T1_-T2_)-T0*(log(T1_/T2_))); +disp("kW",I_,"The irrevesibility rate at lower temperature is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2c84488ea --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// At 1 MPa +tsat = 179.91; +vf = 0.001127; +vg = 0.19444; +vfg = vg-vf; +sf = 2.1387; +sg = 6.5865; +sfg = sg-sf; +disp("degree",tsat,"At 1 Mpa saturation temperature is") +disp("m3/kg",vfg,"Changes in specific volume is") +disp("kJ/kg K",sfg,"Change in entropy during evaporation is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.10/9_10.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.10/9_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3bc343c98 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.10/9_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// At 0.1Mpa, 110 degree +h2 = 2696.2; hf = 844.89; hfg = 1947.3; +x2 = (h2-hf)/hfg; +vf = 0.001023; // at T = 70 degree +V = 0.000150; // In m3 +m1 = V/vf; +m2 = 3.24; +x1 = (x2*m2)/(m1+m2); +disp(x1,"The quality of the steam in the pipe line is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.11/9_11.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.11/9_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4c2f1c6cf --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.11/9_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// P = 1MPa +vf = 0.001127; vg = 0.1944; +hg = 2778.1; uf = 761.68; +ug = 2583.6; ufg = 1822; +// Initial anf final mass +Vis = 5; Viw = 5; +Vfs = 6 ; Vfw = 4 ; +// +ms = ((Viw/vf)+(Vis/vg)) - ((Vfw/vf)+(Vfs/vg)) ; +U1 = ((Viw*uf/vf)+(Vis*ug/vg)); +Uf = ((Vfw*uf/vf)+(Vfs*ug/vg)); +Q = Uf-U1+(ms*hg) +disp("kJ",Q,"The heat transfer during the process is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.12/9_12.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.12/9_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3664bca5f --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.12/9_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +m = 0.02; d = 0.28; l = 0.305; +P1 = 0.6e06; P2 = 0.12e06; +// At 0.6MPa, t = 200 degree +v1 = 0.352; h1 = 2850.1; +V1 = m*v1; +Vd = (%pi/4)*d^2*l; +V2 = V1+Vd ; +n = log(P1/P2)/log(V2/V1); +W12 = ((P1*V1)-(P2*V2))/(n-1); +disp(n,"The value of n is"); +disp("J",W12,"The work done by the steam is") +v2 = V2/m; +vf = 0.0010476; vfg = 1.4271; +x2 = (v2-vf)/vfg ; +// At 0.12MPa +uf = 439.3; ug = 2512.0; +u2 = uf + (x2*(ug-uf)); +u1 = h1-(P1*v1*1e-03); +Q12 = m*(u2-u1)+ (W12/1000); +disp("kJ",Q12,"The heat transfer is") diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.13/9_13.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.13/9_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4615efd52 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.13/9_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +x1 = 1; x2 = 0.8; +// at 0.2MPa +vg = 0.8857; v1 = vg; hg = 2706.7; h1 = hg; +m1 = 5 ; V1 = m1*v1; +// at 0.5MPa +m2 = 10; +hf = 640.23; hfg = 2108.5 +vf = 0.001093; vfg = 0.3749; +v2 = vf+(x2*vfg); +V2 = m2*v2; +// +Vm = V1+V2; +m = m1+m2; +vm = Vm/m; +u1 = h1; +h2 = hf+(x2*hfg); +u2 = h2; +m3 = m; +h3 = ((m1*u1)+(m2*u2))/m3; +u3 = h3; +v3 = vm; +// From mollier diagram +x3 = 0.870; p3 = 3.5; s3 = 6.29; +s1 = 7.1271; +sf = 1.8607; sfg = 4.9606; +s2 = sf+(x2*sfg); +E = m3*s3-((m1*s1)+(m2*s2)); +disp("bar",p3,"Final pressure is") +disp(x3,"Steam quality is") +disp("kJ/K",E,"Entropy change during the process is") + + diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.14/9_14.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.14/9_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f0519cbac --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.14/9_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// At 6 MPa, 400 degree +h1 = 3177.2; s1 = 6.5408; +// At 20 degree +h0= 83.96; s0 = 0.2966; +T0 = 293; +f1 = (h1-h0)-T0*(s1-s0); +// By interpolation +t2 = 273 + 393; +s2 = 6.63; +h2 = h1; +f2 = (h2-h0)-T0*(s2-s0); +df = f1-f2; +x3s = (s2-1.5301)/(7.1271-1.5301); +h3s = 504.7+(x3s*2201.9); +eis = 0.82; +h3 = h2-eis*(h1-h3s); +x3 = (h3-504.7)/2201.7; +s3 = 1.5301+(x3*5.597); +f3 = (h3-h0)-T0*(s3-s0); +disp("kJ/kg",f1,"The availability of the steam before the throttle valve") +disp("kJ/kg",f2,"The availability of the steam after the throttle valve") +disp("kJ/kg",f3,"The availability of the steam at the turbine exhaust") +disp("kJ/kg",h2-h3,"The specific work output from the turbine is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.15/9_15.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.15/9_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9a77fad7d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.15/9_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +// At 25 bar, 350 degree +h1 = 3125.87; s1 = 6.8481; +// 30 degree +h0 = 125.79; s0 = 0.4369; +// At 3 bar, 200 degree +h2 = 2865.5; s2 = 7.3115; +// At 0.2 bar 0.95 dry +hf = 251.4; hfg = 2358.3; +sf = 0.8320; sg = 7.0765; +h3 = hf+0.92*hfg; +s3 = sf+(0.92*sg); +// Part (a) +T0 = 303; +f1 = (h1-h0)-(T0*(s1-s0)); +f2 = (h2-h0)-(T0*(s2-s0)); +f3 = (h3-h0)-(T0*(s3-s0)); +disp("kJ/kg",f1,"Availability of steam entering at state 1") +disp("kJ/kg",f2,"Availability of steam leaving at state 2") +disp("kJ/kg",f3,"Availability of steam leaving at state 3") +// Part (b) +m2m1 = 0.25; m3m1 = 0.75; +Wrev = f1-(m2m1*f2)-(m3m1*f3); +disp("kJ/kg",Wrev,"Maximum work is") +// Part (c) +w1 = 600; w2 = 150; w3 = 450; +Q = -10*3600; // For 1 hour +I = T0*(w2*s2+w3*s3-w1*s1)-Q; +disp("kJ/h",I,"Irreversibility is") diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.16/9_16.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.16/9_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..90320d710 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.16/9_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +// At dead state of 1 bar, 300K +u0 = 113.1; h0 = 113.2; +v0 = 0.001005; s0 = 0.0395; +T0 = 300; P0 = 100; +K = h0-(T0*s0); +// Part (a) +u = 376.9; h = 377; +v = 0.001035; s = 1.193; +m = 3; +fi = m*(h-(T0*s)-K); // As P = P0 = 1 bar +disp("kJ",fi,"Energy of system in Part (a) is") +// Part (b) +u = 3099.8; h = 3446.3; v = 0.08637; s = 7.090; // At P = 4 Mpa, t = 500 degree +m = 0.2; +fib = m*(u+P0*v-T0*s-K); +disp("kJ",fib,"Energy of system in Part (b) is") +// Part (c) +m = 0.4; +x = 0.85; // Quality +u = 192+x*2245; +h = 192+x*2392; +s = 0.649+x*7.499; +v = 0.001010+x*14.67; +fic = m*(u+P0*v-T0*s-K); +disp("kJ",fic,"Energy of system in Part (c) is") +// Part (d) +m = 3; +h = -354.1; s = -1.298; // at 1000kPa, -10 degree +fid = m*((h-h0)-T0*(s-s0)); +disp("kJ",fid,"Energy of system in Part (d) is") diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.17/9_17.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.17/9_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..02ac708ba --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.17/9_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +// Given +th1 = 90+273; +tc1 = 25+273; +tc2 = 50+273; +mc = 1; T0 = 300; +th2p = 60+273; // Parallel +th2c = 35+273; // Counter +mhp = (tc2-tc1)/(th1-th2p); // Parallel +mhc = (tc2-tc1)/(th1-th2c); // Counter +h0 = 113.2; s0 = 0.395; T0 = 300; // At 300 K +h1 = 376.92; s1 = 1.1925; // At 90 degree +af1 = mhp*((h1-h0)-T0*(s1-s0)); +// Parallel Flow +h2 = 251.13; s2 =0.8312; // At 60 degree +h3 = 104.89; s3 = 0.3674; // At 25 degree +h4 = 209.33; s4 = 0.7038; // At 50 degree +REG = mc*((h4-h3)-T0*(s4-s3)); // Rate of energy gain +REL = mhp*((h1-h2)-T0*(s1-s2)); // Rate of energy loss +Ia = REL-REG; // Energy destruction +n2a = REG/REL; // Second law efficiency +disp("In parallel flow") +disp("kW",Ia,"The rate of irreversibility is") +disp("%",n2a*100,"The Second law efficiency is") +// Counter flow +h2 = 146.68; s2 = 0.5053; // At 35 degree +REG_b = REG; // Rate of energy gain by hot water is same in both flows +REL_b = mhc*((h1-h2)-T0*(s1-s2)); +Ib = REL_b-REG_b; // Energy destruction +n2b = REG_b/REL_b; // Second law efficiency +disp("In Counter flow") +disp("kW",Ib,"The rate of irreversibility is") +disp("%",n2b*100,"The Second law efficiency is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.18/9_18.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.18/9_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f8bae500e --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.18/9_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +m = 50 ; // in kg/h +Th = 23+273; // Home temperature +// State 1 +T1 = 150+273; +h1 = 2746.4; +s1 = 6.8387; +// State 2 +h2 = 419.0; +s2 = 1.3071; +T0 = 318; +// +b1 = h1-(T0*s1); +b2 = h2-(T0*s2); +Q_max = m*(b1-b2)/(T0/Th-1); +disp("kW",Q_max/3600,"The maximum cooling rate is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f02476362 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.3/9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +v = 0.09; vf = 0.001177; vg = 0.09963; +x = (v-vf)/(vg-vf); +hf = 908.79; hfg = 1890.7; +sf = 2.4474; sfg = 3.8935; +h = hf+(x*hfg); +s = sf+(x*sfg); +disp("kJ/kg and kJ/kg K respectively",s,"and",h,"The enthalpy and entropy og the system are") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..67f0fa536 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.4/9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// for T = 350 degree +T1 = 350; v1 = 0.2003; h1 = 3149.5; s1 = 7.1369; +// for T = 400 degree +T2 = 400; v2 = 0.2178; h2 = 3257.5; s2 = 7.3026; +// Interpolation for T = 380; +T = [T1 T2]; +v = [v1 v2]; +h = [h1 h2]; +s = [s1 s2]; +v3 = interpln([T;v],380); +h3 = interpln([T;h],380); +s3 = interpln([T;s],380); +disp("m3/kg respectively",v3,"kJ/kg",h3,"kJ/kg K",s3,"The entropy, enthalpy and volume of stem at 1.4MPa and 380 degree is") + diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8bd9b418a --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.5/9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +Psat = 3.973e06; +vf = 0.0012512; vg = 0.05013; +hf = 1085.36; hfg = 1716.2; +sf = 2.7927; sfg = 3.2802; +mf = 9; V = 0.04; +Vf = mf*vf; +Vg = V-Vf; +mg = Vg/vg; +m = mf+mg; +x = mg/m; +v = vf+x*(vg-vf); +h = hf+x*hfg; +s = sf+(x*sfg); +u = h-Psat*v*1e-03; +// at T = 250 +uf = 1080.39; ufg = 1522; +u_ = uf+x*ufg; +disp("Pa",Psat,"The pressure is") +disp("kg",m,"The mass is") +disp("m3/kg",v,"Specific volume is") +disp("kJ/kg",h,"Enthalpy is") +disp("kJ/kg K",s,"The entropy is") +disp("kJ/kg",u,"The interal energy is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..840a8ecf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.6/9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +// Part (a) +vg1_ = 0.8919; T1_ = 120; +vg2_ = 0.77076; T2_ = 125; +vg_ = [vg1_ vg2_]; T_ = [T1 T2]; +v1 = 0.7964; +h1 = 2967.6; +P1 = 0.3e03; // in Kpa +T1 = interpln([vg_;T_],v1); +disp("degree",T3,"The steam become saturated at ") +// Part (b) +vf = 0.001029; vg = 3.407; +hf = 334.91; hfg = 2308.8; +Psat = 47.39; // In kPa +v2 = v1; +x2 = (v1-vf)/(vg-vf); +h2 = hf+x2*hfg; +P2 = Psat; +Q12 = (h2-h1)+v1*(P1-P2); +disp(x2,"The quality factor at t =80 degree is") +disp("kJ/kg",Q12,"The heat transfered per kg of steam in cooling from 250 degree to 80 degree") + diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.7/9_7.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.7/9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac431d8fa --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.7/9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// At T = 40 degree +Psat = 7.384e06; +sf = 0.5725; sfg = 7.6845; +hf = 167.57; hfg = 2406.7; +// +s1 = 6.9189; h1 = 3037.6; +x2 = (s1-sf)/sfg ; +h2 = hf+(x2*hfg); +W = h1-h2; +disp("kJ/Kg",W,"The ideal work output of the turbine is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c608b055d --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.8/9_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +w3 = 2.3; w1 = 1.0; +w2 = w3-w1; +h1 = 2950.0; +// At 0.8MPa, 0.95 dry +x = 0.95; +hf = 721.11; hfg = 2048; +h2 = hf + (x*hfg); +h3 = ((w1*h1)+(w2*h2))/w3; +// Interpolation +H = [2769.1 2839.3]; +T = [170.43 200]; +t3 = interpln([H;T],2790); +s3 = 6.7087; +s4 = s3; +x4 = (s3-1.7766)/5.1193; +h4 = 604.74+(x4*2133.8); +V4 = sqrt(2000*(h3-h4)); +disp("degree",t3-T(1),"The condition of superheat after mixing") +disp("m/sec",V4,"The velocity of steam leaving the nozzle is") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/779/CH9/EX9.9/9_9.sce b/779/CH9/EX9.9/9_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c90be93da --- /dev/null +++ b/779/CH9/EX9.9/9_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +h2 = 2716.2; hf = 844.89; hfg = 1947.3; +x1 = (h2-hf)/hfg; +h3 = 2685.5; +x4 = (h3-hf)/hfg; +disp(x1,"The quality of steam in pipe line is") +disp("%",100-(x4*100),"Maximum moisture is") -- cgit