From 7f60ea012dd2524dae921a2a35adbf7ef21f2bb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: prashantsinalkar Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2017 12:27:19 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce | 19 ++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.txt | 4 +++ 3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce | 27 ++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.txt | 4 +++ 3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce | 24 +++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.txt | 6 ++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.txt | 7 ++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.txt | 7 ++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce | 27 ++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.txt | 5 +++ 3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce | 22 ++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.txt | 6 ++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.txt | 8 +++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.txt | 7 ++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce | 34 ++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.txt | 4 +++ 3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce | 83 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.txt | 19 ++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce | 29 +++++++++++++++ 3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.txt | 5 +++ 24 files changed, 522 insertions(+) create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.txt create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce create mode 100644 3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.txt (limited to '3685/CH12') diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5cad8cd3f --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clc +// Part (a) +P1 = 1 // Initial pressure in bar +P2 = 10 // Final pressure in bar +vf = 0.001043 // specific volume of liquid in m^3/kg +Wrev = vf*(P1-P2)*1e5 // Work done + +printf("\n Example 12.1") +printf("\n The work required in saturated liquid form is %f kJ/kg",Wrev/1000) +//The answers vary due to round off error + +// Part (b) +h1 = 2675.5 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +s1 = 7.3594 // Entropy at state 1 kJ/kgK +s2 = s1 // Isentropic process +h2 = 3195.5 // Enthalpy at state 2 kJ/kg +Wrev1 = h1-h2 // Work done +printf("\n The work required in saturated vapor form is %d kJ/kg",Wrev1) + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f4d1ccad8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + Example 12.1 + The work required in saturated liquid form is -0.938700 kJ/kg + The work required in saturated vapor form is -520 kJ/kg \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1af5bd7c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +clc +h1 = 3037.3 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +x = 0.96 // Steam quality +h2 = 561+(x*2163.8) // Enthalpy at state 2 +s2 = 1.6718+(x*5.3201)// Entropy at state 2 +s3s = s2 // Isentropic process +x3s = (s3s-0.6493)/7.5009 // Quality at state 3s +h3s = 191.83+(x3s*2392.8) // Enthalpy at state 3s +h23 = 0.8*(h2-h3s) // Enthalpy change in process 23 +h3 = h2-h23 // Enthalpy at state 3 +h5 = 561.47 // Enthalpy at state 5 +h4 = 191.83// Enthalpy at state 4 +Qh = 3500 // Heat addition in kJ/s +w = Qh/(h2-h5) // mass flow rate +Wt = 1500 // Turbine work +ws = (Wt+w*(h2-h3))/(h1-h3) // Steam flow rate +ws_ = 3600*ws // Steam flow rate in kg/h +h6 = ((ws-w)*h4+w*h5)/ws //Enthalpy at state 6 +h7 = h6// Enthalpy at state 7 +n_boiler = 0.85 // Boiler efficiency +CV = 44000 // Calorific value of fuel in kJ/kg +wf = (1.1*ws_*(h1-h7))/(n_boiler*CV) // Fuel consumption rate + +printf("\n Example 12.10\n") +printf("\n Fuel burning rate is %f tonnes/day",wf*24/1000) +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f102c6dae --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + Example 12.10 + + Fuel burning rate is 18.159248 tonnes/day \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cf52a8438 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clc +h1 = 3285 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h2s = 3010 // Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg +h3 = 3280 // // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +h4s = 3030 // // Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg +// Saturation pressure at temperature 180 degree centigrade +psat = 10 // In bar +h4 = h3-0.83*(h3-h4s) // // Enthalpy at state 4 +h5s = 2225 // // Enthalpy at state 5s in kJ/kg +h5 = h4-0.83*(h4-h5s) // // Enthalpy at state 5 +h6 = 162.7 // Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg +h7 = h6 // // Enthalpy at state 7 +h8 = 762.81// Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg +h2 = h1-0.785*(h1-h2s) //Enthalpy at state 2 +m = (h8-h7)/(h4-h7) // regenerative mass flow +n_cycle = ((h1-h2)+(h3-h4)+(1-m)*(h4-h5))/((h1-h8)+(h3-h2)) // Cycle efficiency + +printf("\n Example 12.11\n") +printf("\n The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is %d bar",psat) +printf("\n Steam flow at turbine inlet is %f kg/s",m) +printf("\n Cycle efficiency is %f percent",n_cycle*100) +//The answers vary due to round off error +// Part A and Part B are theoretical problems + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2a7867ee8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + + Example 12.11 + + The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is 10 bar + Steam flow at turbine inlet is 0.206238 kg/s + Cycle efficiency is 35.920381 percent \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..473dabb72 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +clc +// From table +h1 = 2792.2 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h4 = 122.96// Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +hb = 254.88 // Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg +hc = 29.98// Enthalpy at state c in kJ/kg +ha = 355.98 // Enthalpy at state a in kJ/kg +hd = hc // Isenthalpic process +h2 = 1949.27 // // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +// +m = (h1-h4)/(hb-hc) // Amount of mercury circulating +Q1t = m*(ha-hd) // Heat addition +W1t = m*(ha-hb) + (h1-h2) // Turbine work +n = W1t/Q1t // first law efficiency + +printf("\n Example 12.12 \n") +printf("\n Overall efficiency of the cycle is %f percent",n*100) +//The answers vary due to round off error + +S = 50000 // Stem flow rate through turbine in kg/h +wm = S*m // mercury flow rate +printf("\n Flow through the mercury turbine is %e kg/h",wm) + +Wt = W1t*S/3600 // Turbine work +printf("\n Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is %f MW",Wt/1e3) +nm = 0.85 // Internal efficiency of mercury turbine +ns = 0.87 // Internal efficiency of steam turbine +WTm = nm*(ha-hb) // turbine work of mercury based cycle +hb_ = ha-WTm // Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg +m_ = (h1-h4)/(hb_-hc) // mass flow rate of mercury +h1_ = 3037.3 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +Q1t = m_*(ha-hd)+(h1_-h1) // Heat addition +x2_ = (6.9160-0.4226)/(8.47-0.4226) // steam quality +h2_ = 121+(0.806*2432.9) // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +WTst = ns*(h1_-h2_) // Turbine work +WTt = m_*(ha-hb_)+WTst // Total turbine work +N = WTt/Q1t //Overall efficiency +printf("\n Overall efficiency is %f percent",N*100) +// The answers vary due to round off error diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..07364e9fe --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.12/Ex12_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + Example 12.12 + + Overall efficiency of the cycle is 52.798182 percent + Flow through the mercury turbine is 5.934282e+05 kg/h + Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is 28.372803 MW + Overall efficiency is 46.169369 percent \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dffe2e34b --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +clc +h1 = 3159.3 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +s1 = 6.9917 // Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK +h3 = 173.88 // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +s3 = 0.5926 // Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK +sfp2 = s3 // Isentropic process +hfp2 = h3 // Isenthalpic process +hfgp2 = 2403.1 // Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg +sgp2 = 8.2287 // Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK +vfp2 = 0.001008 // Specific volume in m^3/kg +sfgp2 = 7.6361// Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK +x2s = (s1-sfp2)/(sfgp2)// Steam quality +h2s = hfp2+(x2s*hfgp2) // Enthalpy at state 2s +// Part (a) +P1 = 20 // Turbine inlet pressure in bar +P2 = 0.08 // Turbine exit pressure in bar +h4s = vfp2*(P1-P2)*1e2+h3 // Enthalpy at state 4s +Wp = h4s-h3 // Pump work +Wt = h1-h2s // Turbine work +Wnet = Wt-Wp // Net work +Q1 = h1-h4s // Heat addition +n_cycle = Wnet/Q1// Cycle efficiency +printf("\n Example 12.2") +printf("\n Net work per kg of steam is %f kJ/kg",Wnet)//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong + +printf("\n Cycle efficiency is %f percent",n_cycle*100) + +// Part (b) +n_p = 0.8 // pump efficiency +n_t = 0.8// Turbine efficiency +Wp_ = Wp/n_p // Pump work +Wt_ = Wt*n_t // Turbine work +Wnet_ = Wt_-Wp_// Net work +P = 100*((Wnet-Wnet_)/Wnet) // Percentage reduction in net work +n_cycle_ = Wnet_/Q1 // cycle efficiency +P_ = 100*((n_cycle-n_cycle_)/n_cycle) //reduction in cycle +printf("\n\n Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is %f percent",P) +printf("\n Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is %f percent",P_) + +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..82943e493 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + Example 12.2 + Net work per kg of steam is 969.599095 kJ/kg + Cycle efficiency is 32.499671 percent + + Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is 20.093190 percent + Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is 20.093190 percent \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74122fb5f --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +clc +P1 = 0.08 // Exhaust pressure in bar +sf = 0.5926 // Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK +x2s = 0.85 // Steam quality +sg = 8.2287 // Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK +s2s = sf+(x2s*(sg-sf)) // Entropy of mixture at state 2s in kJ/kgK +s1 = s2s // Isentropic process +P2 = 16.832 // by steam table opposite to s1 in bar +h1 = 3165.54 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h2s = 173.88 + (0.85*2403.1) // Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg +h3 = 173.88// Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +vfp2 = 0.001 // specific volume of liquid in m^3/kg +h4s = h3 + (vfp2*(P2-P1)*100)// Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg +Q1 = h1-h4s // Heat addition +Wt = h1-h2s // Turbine work +Wp = h4s-h3 // Pump work +n_cycle = 100*((Wt-Wp)/Q1) // Cycle efficiency +Tm = (h1-h4s)/(s2s-sf) // Mean temperature of heat addition + +printf("\n Example 12.3") +printf("\n The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is %f bar",P2) + +printf("\n Rankine cycle efficiency is %f percent",n_cycle) + +printf("\n Mean temperature of heat addition is %f degree celcius",Tm-273) +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..148ad9819 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + Example 12.3 + The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is 16.832000 bar + Rankine cycle efficiency is 31.684101 percent + Mean temperature of heat addition is 187.657820 degree celcius \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e86cedf09 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clc +h1 = 3465 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kgK +h2s = 3065 //Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kgK +h3 = 3565 //Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kgK +h4s = 2300 // Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kgK +x4s = 0.88 // Steam quality at state 4s +h5 = 191.83// Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kgK +v = 0.001 // specific volume in m^3/kg +P = 150 // Boiler outlet pressure in bar +Wp = v*P*100 // Pump work +h6s = 206.83 // Enthalpy at state 6s in kJ/kgK +Q1 = (h1-h6s)+(h3-h2s) // Heat addition +Wt = (h1-h2s)+(h3-h4s) // Turbine work +Wnet = Wt-Wp // Net work +n_cycle = 100*Wnet/Q1 // cycle efficiency +sr = 3600/Wnet //Steam rate + +printf("\n Example 12.4 \n") +printf("\n Quality at turbine exhaust is %f ",0.88) +printf("\n Cycle efficiency is %f percent",n_cycle) +printf("\n Steam rate is %f kg/kW h",sr) +//The answers vary due to round off error diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..edb7fc5b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + + Example 12.4 + + Quality at turbine exhaust is 0.880000 + Cycle efficiency is 43.904347 percent + Steam rate is 2.181818 kg/kW h \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ab781ca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +clc +h1 = 3230.9 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +s1 = 6.9212 // Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK +s2 = s1 // Isentropic process +s3 = s1 // Isentropic process +h2 = 2796 // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +sf = 0.6493 // ENtropy of fluid onkJ/kgK +sfg = 7.5009 // Entropy change due to vaporization +x3 = (s3-sf)/sfg // steam quality +h3 = 191.83 + x3*2392.8 // Enthalpy at state 3 +h4 = 191.83 // Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +h5 = h4 // Isenthalpic process +h6 = 640.23 // Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg +h7 = h6 // Isenthalpic process +m = (h6-h5)/(h2-h5) // regenerative mass +Wt = (h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3) // turbine work +Q1 = h1-h6 // Heat addition +n_cycle = 100*Wt/Q1 // Cycle efficiency +sr = 3600/Wt // Steam rate +s7 = 1.8607 // Entropy at state 7 in kJ/kgK +s4 = 0.6493 // Entropy at state 4 in kJ/kgK +Tm = (h1-h7)/(s1-s7) // Mean temperature of heat addition with regeneration +Tm1 = (h1-h4)/(s1-s4) // Mean temperature of heat addition without regeneration +dT = Tm-Tm1 // Change in temperature +Wt_ = h1-h3 // Turbine work +sr_ = 3600/Wt_ // Steam rate +dsr = sr-sr_// Change in steam rate +n_cycle_ = 100*(h1-h3)/(h1-h4) // Cycle effciency +dn = n_cycle-n_cycle_// Change in efficiency +printf("\n Example 12.5\n") +printf("\n Efficiency of the cycle is %f percent",n_cycle) + +printf("\n Steam rate of the cycle is %f kg/kW h",sr)//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong + +printf("\n Increase in temperature due to regeneration is %f degree centigrade",dT) +printf("\n Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is %f kg/kW h",dsr)//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong + +printf("\n Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is %f percent",dn) + +//The answers vary due to round off error diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4bf4467b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + + Example 12.5 + + Efficiency of the cycle is 36.068757 percent + Steam rate of the cycle is 3.852647 kg/kW h + Increase in temperature due to regeneration is 27.386207 degree centigrade + Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is 0.385518 kg/kW h + Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is 1.902940 percent \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4aaa681d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +clc +h1 = 3023.5 // Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kg +s1 = 6.7664 // Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kgK +s2 = s1 // Isentropic process +s3 = s1 //Isentropic process +s4 = s1 //Isentropic process +t_sat_20 = 212 // Saturation temperature at 20 bar in degree Celsius +t_sat_1 = 46 // Saturation temperature at 1 bar in degree Celsius +dt = t_sat_20-t_sat_1 // Change in temperature +n =3 // number of heaters +t = dt/n // temperature rise per heater +t1 = t_sat_20-t // Operational temperature of first heater +t2 = t1-t// Operational temperature of second heater +// 0.1 bar +hf = 191.83 // Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg +hfg = 2392.8 // Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg +sf = 0.6493// Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK +sg = 8.1502// Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK +// At 100 degree +hf100 = 419.04 // Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg +hfg100 = 2257.0// Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg +sf100 = 1.3069 // Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK +sg100 = 7.3549 // Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK +// At 150 degree +hf150 = 632.20 // Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg +hfg150 = 2114.3// Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg +sf150 = 1.8418 // Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK +sg150 = 6.8379// Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK +x2 = (s1-sf150)/4.9961 // Steam quality +h2 = hf150+(x2*hfg150) // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +x3 = (s1-sf100)/6.0480 // Steam quality +h3 = hf100+(x3*hfg100) // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +x4 = (s1-sf)/7.5010 // Steam quality +h4 = hf+(x4*hfg)//Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +h5 = hf // Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg +h6 = h5 //Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg +h7 = hf100 // Enthalpy at state 7 in kJ/kg +h8 = h7 // Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg +h9 = 632.2 // Enthalpy at state 9 in kJ/kg +h10 = h9 // Enthalpy at state 10 in kJ/kg +m1 = (h9-h7)/(h2-h7) // regenerative mass +m2 = ((1-m1)*(h7-h6))/(h3-h6) // regenerative mass +Wt = 1*(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4) // Turbine work +Q1 = h1-h9 // Heat addition +Wp = 0 // Pump work is neglected +n_cycle = 100*(Wt-Wp)/Q1 // Cycle efficiency +sr = 3600/(Wt-Wp) // Steam rate + +printf("\n Example 12.6\n") +printf("\n Steam quality at turbine exhaust is %f ",x3) +printf("\n Net work per kg of stem is %f kJ/kg",Wt) +printf("\n Cycle efficiency is %f percent",n_cycle) +printf("\n Stream rate is %f kg/kW h",sr) +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..71a135007 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + Example 12.6 + + Steam quality at turbine exhaust is 0.902695 + Net work per kg of stem is 798.641702 kJ/kg + Cycle efficiency is 33.397805 percent + Stream rate is 4.507653 kg/kW h \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a12c3be96 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +clc +Ti = 2000 // Hot gas inlet temperature in K +Te = 450 // Hot gas exhaust temperature in K +T0 = 300 // Ambient temperature in K +Q1_dot = 100 // Heating rate provided by steam in kW +cpg = 1.1 // Heat capacity of gas in kJ/kg +wg = Q1_dot/(cpg*(Ti-Te)) // mass flow rate of hot gas +af1 = wg*cpg*T0*((Ti/T0)-1-log(Ti/T0)) // Availability at inlet +af2 = wg*cpg*T0*((Te/T0)-1-log(Te/T0)) // Availability at exit +afi = af1-af2 // Change in availability +h1 = 2801 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h3 = 169 //Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +h4 = 172.8 //Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +h2 = 1890.2 // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +s1 = 6.068 // Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK +s2 = s1 // Isentropic process +s3 = 0.576 // Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK +s4 = s3 // Isentropic process +Wt = h1-h2 // Turbine work +Wp = h4-h3 // Pump work +Q1 = h1-h4 // Heat addition +Q2 = h2-h3// Heat rejection +Wnet = Wt-Wp // Net work +ws = Q1_dot/2628 // steam mass flow rate +afu = 38*(h1-h4-T0*(s1-s3)) // availability loss +I_dot = afi-afu // Rate of exergy destruction +Wnet_dot = ws*Wnet// Mechanical power rate +afc = ws*(h2-h3-T0*(s2-s3)) // Exergy flow rate of of wet steam +n2 = 100*Wnet_dot/af1 // second law efficiency + +printf("\n Example 12.7\n") +printf("\n The second law efficiency is %f percent",n2) +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e1d668ec3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + Example 12.7 + + The second law efficiency is 47.304586 percent \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..60add7144 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +clc +// Part (a) +h1 = 2758 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h2 = 1817 // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +h3 = 192 // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +h4 = 200// Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +Wt = h1-h2 // turbine work +Wp = h4-h3 // Pump work +Q1 = h1-h4 // Heat addition +Wnet = Wt-Wp // Net work doen +n1 = Wnet/Q1 // First law efficiency +WR = Wnet/Wt // Work ratio +Q1_ = 100 // Heat addition rate in MW +PO = n1*Q1_ // power output +cpg = 1000 // Specific heat capacity in J/kg +wg = (Q1_/(833-450)) // mass flow rate of gas +EIR = wg*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300)))/1000 // Exergy input +n2 = PO/EIR // Second law efficiency + +printf("\n Example 12.8\n") +printf("\n Part (a)") +printf("\n The first law efficiency n1 is %f",n1*100) +printf("\n The second law efficiency n2 is %f",n2*100) +printf("\n The work ratio is %f",WR) +// Part (b) +h1b = 3398 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h2b = 2130 // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +h3b = 192 // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +h4b = 200// Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +Wtb = 1268 // turbine work in kJ/kg +Wpb = 8 // Pump work in kJ/kg +Q1b = 3198// Heat addition rate in kW +n1b = (Wtb-Wpb)/Q1b //first law efficiency +WRb = (Wtb-Wpb)/Wtb // WOrk ratio +EIRb = 59.3 // Exergy input rate in MW +Wnetb = Q1_*n1b // net work done + +n2b = Wnetb/EIRb // Second law efficiency +printf("\n Part (b)") +printf("\n The first law efficiency n1 is %f",n1b*100) +printf("\n The second law efficiency n2 is %f",n2b*100) +printf("\n The work ration is %f",WRb) + +// Part (c) +h1c = 3398 // Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg +h2c = 2761 // Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg +h3c = 3482 // Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg +h4c = 2522 // Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg +h5c = 192 // Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg +h6c = 200// Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg +Wt1 = 637 // Turbine work in kJ/kg +Wt2 = 960 // Turbine work in kJ/kg +Wtc = Wt1+Wt2 // Net turbine work in kJ/kg +Wp = 8 // Pump work in kJ/kg +Wnetc = Wtc-Wp // net work done +Q1c = 3198+721 // Heat addition +n1c = Wnetc/Q1c// First law efficiency +WRc = Wnetc/Wtc// Work ratio +POc = Q1_*n1c// Power output +EIRc = 59.3// Exergy input in MW +n2c = POc/EIRc // Second law efficiency +printf("\n Part (c)") +printf("\n The first law efficiency n1 is %f",n1c*100) +printf("\n The second law efficiency n2 is %f",n2c*100) +printf("\n The work ration is %f",WRc) + +// Part (d) +T3 = 45.8 // saturation temperature at 0.1 bar in degree celsius +T1 = 295 // saturation temperature at 80 bar in degree celsius +n1d = 1-((T3+273)/(T1+273)) // First law efficiency +Q1d = 2758-1316 // Heat addition +Wnet = Q1d*n1d // Net work output +Wpd = 8 // Pump work in kJ/kg +Wtd = 641// Turbine work in kJ/kg +WRd = (Wt-Wp)/Wt // Work ratio +POd = Q1_*0.439// Power output +EIRd = (Q1_/(833-593))*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300)))/1000 //Exergy Input rate in MW +n2d = POd/EIRd // Second law efficiency +printf("\n Part (d)") +printf("\n The first law efficiency n1 is %f",n1d*100) +printf("\n The second law efficiency n2 is %f",n2d*100) +printf("\n The work ration is %f",WRd) +//The answers vary due to round off error diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..776e801e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ + + Example 12.8 + + Part (a) + The first law efficiency n1 is 36.473808 + The second law efficiency n2 is 56.037667 + The work ratio is 0.991498 + Part (b) + The first law efficiency n1 is 39.399625 + The second law efficiency n2 is 66.441188 + The work ration is 0.993691 + Part (c) + The first law efficiency n1 is 40.546058 + The second law efficiency n2 is 68.374465 + The work ration is 0.994991 + Part (d) + The first law efficiency n1 is 43.873239 + The second law efficiency n2 is 42.264519 + The work ration is 0.991498 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce b/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9cb3f5d23 --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +clc +hfg = 2202.6 // Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg +Qh = 5.83 // Heat addition in MJ/s +ws = Qh/hfg // steam flow rate +eg = 0.9 // efficiency of generator +P = 1000 // Power generation rate in kW +Wnet = 1000/eg // Net output +nbrake = 0.8 // brake thermal efficiency +h1_2s = Wnet/(ws*nbrake) // Ideal heat addition +n_internal = 0.85 // internal efficiency +h12 = n_internal*h1_2s // Actual heat addition +hg = 2706.3 // Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg +h2 = hg //Isenthalpic process +h1 = h12+h2 // Total enthalpy +h2s = h1-h1_2s // Enthalpy change +hf = 503.71 // Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg +x2s = (h2s-hf)/hfg // Quality of steam +sf = 1.5276 // entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK +sfg = 5.6020 // Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK +s2s = sf+(x2s*sfg) // Entropy at state 2s +s1 = s2s // Isentropic process +P1 = 22.5 // Turbine inlet pressure in bar from Mollier chart +t1 = 360 // Temperature of the steam in degree Celsius from Mollier chart + +printf("\n Example 12.9\n") +printf("\n Temperature of the steam is %d degree celcius",t1) +printf("\n Pressure of the steam is %f bar",P1) +//The answers vary due to round off error + diff --git a/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.txt b/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2482960dd --- /dev/null +++ b/3685/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + Example 12.9 + + Temperature of the steam is 360 degree celcius + Pressure of the steam is 22.500000 bar \ No newline at end of file -- cgit