From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: priyanka Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.pdf | Bin 0 -> 4841 bytes 23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce | 43 ++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.pdf | Bin 0 -> 4939 bytes 23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce | 36 ++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.pdf | 145 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.sce | 42 ++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.pdf | Bin 0 -> 4871 bytes 23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce | 68 +++++++++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.pdf | 144 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce | 44 ++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.pdf | 147 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.sce | 139 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.pdf | Bin 0 -> 4885 bytes 23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce | 43 ++++++++++++ 23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.pdf | Bin 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100755 index 000000000..59bd09858 Binary files /dev/null and b/23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.pdf differ diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b2f87ef3b --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + +//Example 7.10 +//Caption : Program to Find Work,Temperature Change and Entropy Change in Pump + +//Given Values +T1=318.15;//[K] +P1=10;//[KPa] +P2=8600;//[KPa] +eta=0.75;//Efficiency + +//Properties of saturated liquid water @ 318.15K +V=1010;//[cm^3/Kg] +V=1010*10^-6;//[m^3/Kg] +Beta=425*10^-6;//[K^-1] +Cp=4.178;//[KJ/Kg/K] + +//From Eqn(7.24) +Ws=V*(P2-P1);//[KPa m^3/Kg] +del_H=Ws; +//From Eqn(7.17) +del_H=del_H/eta; +Ws=approx(del_H,2); + +//From Eqn(7.25) +del_T=approx((del_H-(V*(1-(Beta*T1))*(P2-P1)))/Cp,2); + +//From Eqn(7.26) +T2=T1+del_T; +del_S=approx(Cp*log(T2/T1)-(Beta*V*(P2-P1)),3); + +disp('KJ/Kg',Ws,'Work Done') +disp('K',del_T,'Change in Temperature') +disp('KJ/Kg/K',del_S,'Change in Entropy') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ca3c8ae45 Binary files /dev/null and b/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.pdf differ diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8379bf3ca --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + + +//Example 7.2 +//Caption : program to find the Ratio of Area's in a Nozzle for Diff Pressures + +//Given Values +T=573.15;//[K] +P=[700,600,500,400,300,200];//[KPa] +//values for H,V,S for various P from steam tables +H=[3059.8,3020.4,2975.71,2923.5,2859.9,2777.35];//[KJ/Kg] +V=[371.39,418.25,481.26,571.23,711.93,970.04];//[cm^3/g] +S=7.29997*ones(1,6);//[KJ/Kg/K] Isentropic +u0=30;//[m/s] +u=zeros(1,6); + +//Using Eq(7.3) +//u^2=u1^2-2(H-H1) +u=approx(sqrt((u0^2-2*(H-H(1))*10.^3)),1); + +//Using Eq(2.27) +//A/A1=u1*V/V1*u; +c=u(1)./V(1); +K=approx((c*V./u),3);//K=A/A1 c=u1/V1 + +Ans=[P',V',u',K']; +disp(Ans,' P/[KPa] V/[cm^3/g] u/[m/s] A/A1') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..494a261b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ +%PDF-1.5 +% +1 0 obj +<< + /Type /Catalog + /Pages 2 0 R + /PageLayout /OneColumn + /PageMode /UseNone + /OCProperties << + /D << + /Order [] + /AS [<< + /Event /View + /Category [/View ] +>> << + /Event /Print + /Category [/Print ] +>> << + /Event /Export + /Category [/Export ] +>> ] +>> +>> +>> +endobj +2 0 obj +<< + /Type /Pages + /Kids [3 0 R ] + /Count 1 +>> +endobj +3 0 obj +<< + /Type 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+clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + + +//Example 7.3 +//Caption : Program to Find the Critical Pressure and the Discharge Pressure + +//Given Values +T1=573.15;//[K] +R=8314; +P1=700;//[KPa] +M=18.015; +Gamma=1.3; +u0=30;//[m/s] + +//(a) +//Using Eqn(7.12) +//K=P2/P1=(2/(Gamma+1))^(Gamma/(Gamma-1)) +K=approx((2/(Gamma+1))^(Gamma/(Gamma-1)),2);//rounding to 2 decimal places + +P1V1=round(R*T1/M);//m^2/s^2 +//Using Eqn(7.11) +//u_throat^2=u^2+2(Gamma)(P1V1)/(Gamma-1)[1-(P2/P1)^((Gamma-1)/Gamma))] +u_throat=approx(sqrt(u0^2+((2*Gamma*P1V1/(Gamma-1))*(1-(K^((Gamma-1)/Gamma))))),2); + +disp(K,'(a)Critical Pressure ratio(P2/P1)') +disp(' m/s',u_throat,' Velocity at the throat') + +//(b)Mach No 2.0 +u=2*u_throat; +K=(1-((u^2-u0^2)*(Gamma-1)/(2*Gamma*P1V1)))^(Gamma/(Gamma-1));//K=P2/P1 +P2=round(K*P1); + +disp('KPa',P2,'(b)Discharge Pressure for Mach Number of 2.0') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dd0bef4e8 Binary files /dev/null and b/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.pdf differ diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..842ed3560 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + +function[H]=HRB(Tr,Pr,omega) + B0=0.083-(0.422/(Tr^1.6)); + diffr_B0=0.675/(Tr^2.6);//dB0/dTr + B1=0.139-(0.172/(Tr^4.2)); + diffr_B1=0.722/(Tr^5.2);//dB0/dTr + H=Pr*(B0-(Tr*diffr_B0)+(omega*(B1-(Tr*diffr_B1)))); + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +function[Q]=SRB(Tr,Pr,omega) + B0=0.083-(0.422/(Tr^1.6)); + diffr_B0=0.675/(Tr^2.6);//dB0/dTr + B1=0.139-(0.172/(Tr^4.2)); + diffr_B1=0.722/(Tr^5.2);//dB0/dTr + Q=-Pr*(diffr_B0+(omega*diffr_B1)); + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +//Example 7.4 +//Caption : Program to Find the final Temperature and its Entropy change + +//Given Values +P1=20;//[bar] +T=400;//[K] +P2=1;//[bar] +R=8.314; + +//Solution + +//using Eq(6.84) +//del_H=Cp(T2-T1)+Hr2-Hr1=0 but Hr2=0 +//T2=Hr1/Cp + T1 +Tc=369.8;//[K] +Pc=42.48;//[bar] +omega=0.152; +a=T;//Initial +for i=1:2 + Tr=a/Tc + Pr=P1/Pc; + Hr1=R*Tc*HRB(Tr,Pr,omega);//[J/mol] + Cp=R*(1.213+(28.785*10^-3*a)-(8.824*10^-6*a*a));//[J/mol/K] + T2=(Hr1/Cp)+a; + Tm=(a+T2)/2; + i=i+1; + a=Tm; +end +Tm=a; +T2=round(Tm)//[K] +Tr=T/Tc; +Sr=R*SRB(Tr,Pr,omega); + +del_S=approx((Cp*log(T2/T))-(R*log(P2/P1))-Sr,2); + +disp('J/mol/K',del_S,'Entropy') +disp('Positive Entropy represents the irreversibility of Throttling Process') +disp('K',T2,'Final Temperature') + +//End + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..90be84c90 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +%PDF-1.5 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+>> +startxref +4523 +%%EOF diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..89e877363 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + +//Example 7.6 +//Caption : Program to Find the state of Steam at Discharge & Mass Rate of Flow + +//Given Values +P1=8600;//[KPa] +T1=773.15;//[K] +//values of Enthalpy and Entropy from Steam tables +H1=3391.6;//[KJ/Kg] +S1=6.6858;//[KJ/Kg/K] +eta=0.75; +P2=10000;//[KPa] +rW=56400;//[KW] or [KJ/s] +S2i=S1;//Isentropic + +S2_liquid=0.6493; +S2_vapor=8.1511; +H2_liquid=191.8; +H2_vapor=2584.8; + +x2=(S2i-S2_liquid)/(S2_vapor-S2_liquid); + +H2i=H2_liquid+(x2*(H2_vapor-H2_liquid)); +del_Hs=H2i-H1;//[KJ/Kg] +del_H=eta*del_Hs; + +H2=approx(H1+del_H,0);//[KJ/Kg] +x2=(H2-H2_liquid)/(H2_vapor-H2_liquid); +S2=approx(S2_liquid+(x2*(S2_vapor-S2_liquid)),4); + +rm=approx(-rW/(H2-H1),2);//[Kg/s] +disp('KJ/Kg',H2,'Enthalpy') +disp('KJ/Kg/K',S2,'Entropy') +disp('Kg/s',rm,'Rate of mass change') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c060c19dd --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +%PDF-1.5 +% +1 0 obj +<< + /Type /Catalog + /Pages 2 0 R + /PageLayout /OneColumn + /PageMode /UseNone + /OCProperties << + /D << + /Order [] + /AS [<< + /Event /View + /Category [/View ] +>> << + /Event /Print + /Category [/Print ] +>> << + /Event /Export + /Category [/Export ] +>> ] +>> +>> +>> +endobj +2 0 obj +<< + /Type /Pages + /Kids [3 0 R ] + /Count 1 +>> +endobj +3 0 obj +<< + /Type /Page + /Parent 2 0 R + /Resources << + /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] + /Font << + /F1 6 0 R + /F2 9 0 R +>> +>> + /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] + /Contents 4 0 R +>> +endobj +4 0 obj +<< + /Filter 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+function[Q]=MCPS(T0,T,A,B,C,D) + t=T/T0; + Q=(A)+(((B*T0)+(((C*T0*T0)+(D/(t*t*T0*T0)))*(t+1)/2))*((t-1)/log(t))) + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +function[Q]=MCPH(T0,T,A,B,C,D) + t=T/T0; + Q=(A+((B/2)*T0*(t+1))+((C/3)*T0*T0*((t^2)+t+1))+(D/(t*T0*T0))) + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +function[H]=HRB(Tr,Pr,omega) + B0=0.083-(0.422/(Tr^1.6)); + diffr_B0=0.675/(Tr^2.6);//dB0/dTr + B1=0.139-(0.172/(Tr^4.2)); + diffr_B1=0.722/(Tr^5.2);//dB0/dTr + H=Pr*(B0-(Tr*diffr_B0)+(omega*(B1-(Tr*diffr_B1)))); + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +function[Q]=SRB(Tr,Pr,omega) + B0=0.083-(0.422/(Tr^1.6)); + diffr_B0=0.675/(Tr^2.6);//dB0/dTr + B1=0.139-(0.172/(Tr^4.2)); + diffr_B1=0.722/(Tr^5.2);//dB0/dTr + Q=-Pr*(diffr_B0+(omega*diffr_B1)); + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +//Example 7.7 +//Caption : Program to Find the isentropic Work Produced + +//Given Values + +T1=573.15;//[K] +P1=45;//[bar] +P2=2;//[bar] +Tc=282.3;//[K] +Pc=50.4;//[bar] +omega=0.087; +A=1.424; +B=14.394*10^-3; +C=-4.392*10^-6; +D=0; +R=8.314; + +//Using Eqn(6.84) +//del_H=h (T2-T1)+Hr2-Hr1 +//Using Eqn(6.85)) +//del_S=s ln(T2/T1) - R*ln(P2/P1)+Sr2-Sr1 + +//(a) equations for Ideal gas +//No residuals terms, whence + +//del_H=h(T2-T1) +//del_S=s ln(T2/T1) - R*ln(P2/P1) + +del_S=0//isentropic +//Whence K = s/R ln(T2/T1) = ln(P2/P1) +K=log(P2/P1); +//let c = s/R +//T2=exp(K/c+ln(T1)) +i=-1; +a=round(T1);//Initial +while (i==-1) + b=MCPS(T1,a,A,B,C,D); + temp=exp((K/b)+log(T1)); + flag=a-temp; + if(flag<=0.1) then + T2=a; + i=1; + else + a=temp-0.1; + i=-1; + end +end +disp('(a)by Equations for an Ideal gas') +disp('K',approx(T2,1),'Temp = ') +Cp_h=R*MCPH(T1,T2,A,B,C,D); +del_Hs=Cp_h*(T2-T1); +Ws_a=approx(del_Hs,0); +disp('J/mol',Ws_a,'Work') + +//(b)-Appropriate Generalized correlations + +Tr1=T1/Tc; +Pr1=P1/Pc; + +Hr1=R*Tc*HRB(Tr1,Pr1,omega);//[J/mol] +Sr1=R*SRB(Tr1,Pr1,omega);//[J/mol/K] + +Tr2=T2/Tc; +Pr2=P2/Pc; + +Sr2=R*SRB(Tr2,Pr2,omega); + +//Using Eqn(6.85)) +//del_S=s ln(T2/T1) - R*ln(P2/P1)+Sr2-Sr1 +//del_S=0 isentropic +//K=s ln(T2/T1)=Rln(P2/P1)-Sr2+Sr1 +K=R*log(P2/P1)-Sr2+Sr1; +//T2=exp((K/s)+ln T1) +i=-1; +a=round(T1);//Initial +while (i==-1) + b=R*MCPS(T1,a,A,B,C,D); + temp=exp((K/b)+log(T1)); + flag=a-temp; + if(flag<=0.1) then + T2=a; + i=1; + else + a=temp-0.1; + i=-1; + end +end + +disp('(b)by Appropriate generalized correlations') +disp('K',approx(T2,1),'Temp = ') +Tr2=T2/Tc; + +Sr2=R*SRB(Tr2,Pr2,omega);//[J/mol/K] +Hr2=R*Tc*HRB(Tr2,Pr2,omega);//[J/mol] +Cp_h=R*MCPH(T1,T2,A,B,C,D); +del_Hs=Cp_h*(T2-T1)+Hr2-Hr1; +Ws_b=approx(del_Hs,-1); +disp('J/mol',Ws_b,'Work') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..eb6eb90f4 Binary files /dev/null and b/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.pdf differ diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f73ee9712 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + +//Example 7.8 +//Caption : Program to Find the Work Required and Properties of Discharge Steam + +//Given Values + +P1=100;//[KPa] (Tsat/tsat)=327.78K/99.63`C) + +//From Steam Tables @ 100KPa +S1=7.3598;//[KJ/Kg/K] +H1=2675.4;//[KJ/Kg] + +P2=300;//[KPa] +//From Steam Tables @ 300KPa +S2=S1;//Isentropic +H2i=2888.8;//[KJ/Kg] + +eta=0.75;//Efficiency + +del_H=H2i-H1; +del_H=del_H/eta; +H2=approx(H1+del_H,1);//[KJ/Kg] + +//From Steam Tables w.r.t H2 +T2=519.25;//[K] +S2=7.5019;//[KJ/Kg/K] + +Ws=approx(del_H,1);//[KJ/Kg] Work Reqd + +disp('KJ/Kg',H2,'Enthalpy') +disp('KJ/Kg/K',S2,'Entropy') +disp('K',T2,'Temperature') +disp('KJ/Kg',Ws,'Work Done') + +//End \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.pdf b/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.pdf new file mode 100755 index 000000000..18b9c55a9 Binary files /dev/null and b/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.pdf differ diff --git a/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce b/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a98b9d194 --- /dev/null +++ b/23/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ +clear; +clc; + +//To find Approx Value +function[A]=approx(V,n) + A=round(V*10^n)/10^n;//V-Value n-To what place + funcprot(0) +endfunction + +function[Q]=MCPH(T0,T,A,B,C,D) + t=T/T0; + Q=(A+((B/2)*T0*(t+1))+((C/3)*T0*T0*((t^2)+t+1))+(D/(t*T0*T0))) + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +function[Q]=MCPS(T0,T,A,B,C,D) + t=T/T0; + Q=(A)+(((B*T0)+(((C*T0*T0)+(D/(t*t*T0*T0)))*(t+1)/2))*((t-1)/log(t))) + funcprot(0); +endfunction + +//Example 7.9 +//Caption : Program to Find Work Reqiured and Discharge Temperature of Methane + +//Given Values + +R=8.314; +T1=293.15;//[K] + +P1=140;//[KPa] +P2=560;//[KPa] + +eta=0.75;//[Efficiency] +A=1.702; +B=9.081*10^-3; +C=-2.164*10^-6; +D=0; + +i=-1; +a=round(T1);//Initial +while (i==-1) + b=MCPS(T1,a,A,B,C,D); + b=b^-1; + c=T1*((P2/P1)^b); + flag=c-a; + if(flag<=0.0001) then + T2i=a; + i=1; + else + a=a+0.01; + i=-1; + end +end + +Cps=R*MCPS(T1,T2i,A,B,C,D); +Cph=approx(R*MCPH(T1,T2i,A,B,C,D),3); + +//from Eqn(7.19) +Ws=approx(Cph*(T2i-T1),0)//[J/mol] +Ws=approx(Ws/eta,0)//Actual work +del_H=Ws; + +//From eqn(7.21) Actual discharge Temperature +//T2=T1+(del_H/Cph) +i=-1; +a=round(T2i);//Initial +chk=1; +while (i==-1) + b=R*MCPH(T2i,a,A,B,C,D); + c=del_H/(a-T1); + flag=c-b; + if(flag<=0.001) then + T2=a; + i=1; + else + a=a+0.001; + i=-1; + end +end +Cph_T2=approx(R*MCPH(T2i,T2,A,B,C,D),2); +disp('K',T2,'Temperature') +disp('J/mol/K',Cph_T2,'Enthalpy') +disp('J/mol',Ws,'Actual Work') + +disp('Note: The answer in the Book varies with that of this code because the Calculation in the Book does not leads to the answer given') + +//End \ No newline at end of file -- cgit