From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: priyanka Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 1970/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Exa1.sce | 11 +++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Exa10.sce | 11 +++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Exa11.sce | 9 +++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Exa12.sce | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Exa13.sce | 11 +++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Exa14.sce | 15 +++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Exa15.sce | 14 ++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Exa16.sce | 15 +++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Exa2.sce | 13 +++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Exa3.sce | 18 ++++++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Exa4.sce | 14 ++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Exa5.sce | 11 +++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Exa6.sce | 9 +++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Exa7.sce | 13 +++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Exa8.sce | 17 +++++++++++++++++ 1970/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Exa9.sce | 10 ++++++++++ 16 files changed, 224 insertions(+) create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Exa1.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Exa10.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Exa11.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Exa12.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Exa13.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Exa14.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Exa15.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Exa16.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Exa2.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Exa3.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Exa4.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Exa5.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Exa6.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Exa7.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Exa8.sce create mode 100755 1970/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Exa9.sce (limited to '1970/CH4') diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Exa1.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Exa1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ec089f85c --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Exa1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.1 : : Page 178 (2011) +clc; clear; +N = 200e+006/35; // Total number of ion-pairs +e = 1.60218e-019; // Charge of an ion, coulomb +Q = N*e; // Total charge produced in the chamber, coulomb +C = 25e-012; // Capacity of the collector, farad +V = Q/C; // Resultant pulse height, volt +printf("\nThe resultant pulse height recorded in the fission chamber = %4.2e volt", V); + +// Result +// The resultant pulse height recorded in the fission chamber = 3.66e-002 volt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Exa10.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Exa10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..187e85426 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Exa10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.10 : : Page 180 (2011) +clc; clear; +E = 4e+006; // Energy lost in the scintillator, eV +N_pe = E/10^2*0.5*0.1; // Number of photoelectrons emitted +G = 10^6; // Gain of photomultiplier tube +e = 1.6e-019; // Charge of the electron, C +Q = N_pe*G*e; // Charge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube, C +printf("\nThe charge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube : %6.4e C", Q); + +// Result +// The charge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube : 3.2000e-010 C \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Exa11.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Exa11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f98d20cfd --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Exa11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Scilab code Exa11 : : Page 180 (2011) +E = 4e+06; // Energy lost in the scintillator, eV +N_pe = E/10^2*0.5*0.1; // Number of photoelectrons emitted +G = 10^6; // Gain +e = 1.6e-019; // Charge of the electron, C +Q = N_pe*G*e; // Charge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube, C +printf("\nCharge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube : %6.4e C",Q); +// Result +// Charge collected at the anode of photo multiplier tube : 3.2000e-010 C \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Exa12.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Exa12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ccd33476 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Exa12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.12 : : Page 181 (2011) +// Defining an array +clc; clear; +n = cell (1,6); // Declare the cell matrix of 1X6 +n(1,1).entries = 10000; +n(2,1).entries = 10200; +n(3,1).entries = 10400; +n(4,1).entries = 10600; +n(5,1).entries = 10800; +n(6,1).entries = 11000; +g = 0; // +k = 6; +H = 0; +for i = 1:k; + g = g + n(i,1).entries +end; +N = g/k; // Mean of the count +D = sqrt(N); +for i = 1:k; + H = H+((n(i,1).entries-N)*(n(i,1).entries-N)) +end; +S_D = round(sqrt(H/(k-1))); +printf("\nStandard deviation of the reading : %d", S_D); +delta_N = sqrt(N); +if (S_D > delta_N) then + printf("\nThe foil cannot be considered uniform..!"); +else + printf("\nThe foil can be considered uniform."); +end + +// Result +// Standard deviation of the reading : 374 +// The foil cannot be considered uniform..! \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Exa13.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Exa13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a067bc48a --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Exa13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.13 : : Page 181 (2011) +clc; clear; +V = 2e-03; // Voltage impulse, volt +C = 120e-012; // Capacitance of the capacitor, F +e = 1.6e-019; // Charge of the electron, C +n = C*V/(15*e); // No. of electons +N = n^(1/10); // No. of electrons in the output +printf("\nNo. of electrons in the output : %4.2f (approx)", N); + +// Result +// No. of electrons in the output : 3.16 (approx) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Exa14.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Exa14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..282c5eadd --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Exa14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.14 : : Page 181 (2011) +clc; clear; +m_p = 0.938; // Mass of the proton, GeV +E = 1.4; // Total energy of proton, GeV +gama = E/m_p; // Boost parameter +bta = sqrt(1-1/gama^2); // Relativistic factor +d = 10; // Distance between two counters,m +C = 3e+08; // Velocity of light ,m/s +t_p = d/(bta*C); // Time of flight of proton ,sec +T_e = d/C; // Time of flight of electron, sec +printf("\nTime of flight of proton: %4.2f ns \nTime of flight of electron : %4.2f ns ", t_p/1e-009, T_e/1e-009); + +// Result +// Time of flight of proton: 44.90 ns +// Time of flight of electron : 33.33 ns \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Exa15.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Exa15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..45286bf66 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Exa15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.15 : : Page 182 (2011) +clc; clear; +p = 100; // Momentum of the particle, GeV +n = 1+1.35e-04; // Refractive index of the gas +m_0 = 1; // Mass, GeV per square coulomb +gama = sqrt((p^2+m_0^2)/m_0); // Boost parameter +bta = sqrt (1-1/gama^2); // Relativistic parameter +d_theta = 1e-003; // Error in the emission angle, radian +theta = acos(1/(n*bta)); // Emision angle of photon, radian +F_err = (p^2*n^2*2*theta*10^-3)/(2*m_0^2); // Fractional error +printf("\nThe fractional error in rest mass of the particle = %4.2f", F_err); + +// Result +// The fractional error in rest mass of the particle = 0.13 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Exa16.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Exa16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d483192b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Exa16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.16 : : Page 182 (2011) +clc; clear; +u = 1.49; // Refractive index +E = 20*1.60218e-019; // Energy of the electron, joule +m_e = 9.1e-031; // Mass of the electron, Kg +C = 3e-08; // Velocity of the light, m/s +bta = (1 + {1/(E/(m_e*C^2)+1)}^2 ); // Boost parameter +z = 1; // +L_1 = 4000e-010; // Initial wavelength, metre +L_2 = 7000e-010; // Final wavelength, metre +N = 2*%pi*z^2/137*(1/L_1-1/L_2)*(1-1/(bta^2*u^2)); // Number of quanta of visible light, quanta per centimetre +printf("\nThe total number of quantas during emission of visible light = %d quanta/cm", round(N/100)); + +// Result +// The total number of quantas during emission of visible light = 270 quanta/cm \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Exa2.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Exa2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4e832d3ff --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Exa2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.2 : : Page 178 (2011) +clc; clear; +V = 0.8/4; // Pulse height, volt +e = 1.60218e-019; // Charge of an ion, coulomb +C = 0.5e-012; // Capacity of the collector, farad +Q = V*C; // Total charge produced, coulomb +N = Q/e; // Number of ion pairs +E_1 = 35; // Energy of one ion pair, electron volt +E = N*E_1/10^6; // Energy of the alpha particles, mega electron volt +printf("\nThe energy of the alpha particles = %4.3f MeV", E); + +// Result +// The energy of the alpha particles = 21.845 MeV (The answer is wrong in the textbook) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Exa3.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Exa3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5cca32c38 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Exa3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.3 : : Page 178 (2011) +clc; clear; +E = 10e+06; // Energy produced by the ion pairs, electron volts +N = E/35; // Number of ion pair produced +m = 10^3; // Multiplication factor +N_t = N*m; // Total number of ion pairs produced +e = 1.60218e-019; // Charge of an ion, coulomb +Q = N_t*e; // Total charge flow in the counter, coulomb +t = 10^-3; // Pulse time, sec +R = 10^4; // Resistance , ohm +I = Q/t; // Current passes through the resistor, ampere +V = I*R; // Height of the voltage pulse, volt + printf("\nTotal number of ion pairs produced: %5.3e \nTotal charge flow in the counter : %5.3e coulomb \nHeight of the voltage pulse : %5.3e volt", N_t, Q, V); + +// Result +// Total number of ion pairs produced: 2.857e+008 +// Total charge flow in the counter : 4.578e-011 coulomb +// Height of the voltage pulse : 4.578e-004 volt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Exa4.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Exa4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..97838a9b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Exa4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.4 : : Page 178 (2011) +clc; clear; +V = 1000; // Operating voltage of Counter, volt +x = 1e-004; // Time taken, sec +b = 2; // Radius of the cathode, cm +a = 0.01; // Diameter of the wire, cm +E_r = V/(x*log(b/a)); // Radial electric field, V/m +C = 1e+009; // Total counts in the GM counter +T = C/(50*60*60*2000); // Life of the G.M. Counter, year +printf("\nThe radial electric field: %4.2eV/m\nThe life of the G.M. Counter : %5.3f years", E_r, T); + +// Result +// The radial electric field: 1.89e+006V/m +// The life of the G.M. Counter : 2.778 years \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Exa5.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Exa5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..29132f39e --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Exa5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.5 : : Page 178 (2011) +clc; clear; +I = 15.7; // Ionisation potential of argon, eV +b = 0.025; // Radius of the cathode, metre +a = 0.006e-02; // Radius of the wire, metre +L = 7.8e-06; // Mean free path, metre +V = round(I*a*log(b/a)/L); // Avalanche voltage in G.M. tube, volt +printf("\nThe avalanche voltage in G.M. tube = %d volt", V); + +// Result +// The avalanche voltage in G.M. tube = 729 volt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Exa6.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Exa6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..12f7fdd14 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Exa6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.6 : : Page 179 (2011) +clc; clear; +C_r = 0.1e-02; // Counting rate of GM tube +S = 3; // Slope of the curve +V = C_r*100*100/S; // Voltage fluctuation, volt +printf("\nThe voltage fluctuation GM tube = %4.2f volt", V); + +// Result +// The voltage fluctuation GM tube = 3.33 volt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Exa7.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Exa7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8b442d6b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Exa7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.7 : : Page-179 (2011) +clc; clear; +R_t = 100; // Actual count rate, per sec +R_B = 25; // Backward count rate, per sec +V_S = 0.03; // Coefficient of variation +R_S = R_t-R_B; // Source counting rate,per sec +T_t = (R_t+sqrt(R_t*R_B))/(V_S^2*R_S^2); // Time measurement for actual count, sec +T_B = T_t*sqrt(R_B/R_t); // Time measurement for backward count, sec +printf("\nTime measurement for actual count : %5.3f sec \nTime measurement for backward count : %4.1f sec", T_t, T_B); + +// Result +// Time measurement for actual count : 29.630 sec +// Time measurement for backward count : 14.8 sec \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Exa8.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Exa8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cc2e31398 --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Exa8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.8 : : Page-179 (2011) +clc; clear; +A = 1.5e-4; // Area of capacitor plates, square metre +K = 12; // Dielectric constant +D = K*8.8542e-012; // Electrical permittivity of the medium, per newton-metre-square coulomb square +x = 50e-06; // Width of depletion layer, metre +C = A*D/x*10^12; // Capacitance of the silicon detector, pF +E = 4.5e+06; // Energy produced by the ion pairs, eV +N = E/3.5; // Number of ion pairs +e = 1.60218e-019; // Charge of each ion, coulomb +Q = N*e; // Total charge, coulomb +V = Q/C*10^12; // Potential applied across the capacitor, volt +printf("\nThe capacitance of the detector : %6.2f pF\nThe potential applied across the capacitor : %4.2e volt", C, V); + +// Result +// The capacitance of the detector : 318.75 pF +// The potential applied across the capacitor : 6.46e-004 volt diff --git a/1970/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Exa9.sce b/1970/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Exa9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e380e02ff --- /dev/null +++ b/1970/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Exa9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Scilab code Exa4.9 : : Page-180 (2011) +clc; clear; +N_A = 1000; // Number of count observed for radiation A +N_B = 2000; // Number of count observed for radiation B +r = N_A/N_B; // Ratio of count A to the count B +E_r = sqrt(1/N_A+1/N_B); // Statistical error +printf("\nThe statistical error of the measured ratio = %4.2f", E_r*r); + +// Result +// The statistical error of the measured ratio = 0.02 (Wrong answer in the textbook) \ No newline at end of file -- cgit