From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: priyanka
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530
Subject: initial commit / add all books

---
 1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.jpg   | Bin 0 -> 711811 bytes
 1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce   |   9 ++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce |  36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce |  34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce |  48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.13/4_13.sce |  22 ++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.14/4_14.sce |  28 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.15/4_15.sce |  21 +++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.16/4_16.sce |  41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.17/4_17.sce |  34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.18/4_18.sce |  20 +++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.19/4_19.sce |  21 +++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce   |  11 +++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce   |  13 +++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce   |  23 +++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce   |  24 ++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce   |  57 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce   |  23 +++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce   |  27 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 1938/CH4/EX4.9/4_9.sce   |  22 ++++++++++++++++++
 20 files changed, 514 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.jpg
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.13/4_13.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.14/4_14.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.15/4_15.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.16/4_16.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.17/4_17.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.18/4_18.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.19/4_19.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce
 create mode 100755 1938/CH4/EX4.9/4_9.sce

(limited to '1938/CH4')

diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.jpg b/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.jpg
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..81fdf149e
Binary files /dev/null and b/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.jpg differ
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9a0599fe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.1\n\n')
+
+Pole=4
+Slots=24
+Phase=3 //number of phases
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+m=Slots/Pole/Phase //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n  //Slot angle
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f7ebfb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.10\n\n')
+
+Slots=180
+Pole=12
+Ns=600 //Synchronous speen in rpm
+f=Pole*Ns/120 //frequency
+phi=0.05 //flux per pole in weber
+
+//Part(i)
+//Average EMF in a conductor=2*f*phi
+rms_value_1=1.11*2*f*phi //rms value of emf in a conductor
+printf('(i)r.m.s value of e.m.f in a conductor is %.2f V ',rms_value_1)
+
+//part(ii)
+//Average EMF in a turn=4*f*phi
+rms_value_2=1.11*4*f*phi//r.m.s value of e.m.f in a turn
+printf('\n(ii)r.m.s value of e.m.f in a turn is %.2f V ',rms_value_2)
+
+//part(iii)
+conductors_per_coilside=10/2 
+rms_value_3=rms_value_2*conductors_per_coilside  //r.m.s value of e.m.f in a coil
+printf('\n(iii)r.m.s value of e.m.f in a coil is %.1f V ',rms_value_3)
+
+//part(iv)
+conductors_per_slot=10
+Z=conductors_per_slot * Slots  //total number of conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3    //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+n=Slots/Pole  //slots per pole
+m=n/3        //slots per pole per phase 
+beeta=180/n   //slot angle
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)),K_c=1  //distribution & coil-span factor
+E_ph=rms_value_2*T_ph*K_d*K_c   //induced emf
+printf('\n(iv)per phase induced e.m.f is %.1f V ',E_ph)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..105d03d46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.11\n\n')
+
+Pole=8
+f=50 //frequency
+phi=60*10^-3 //flux per pole in weber
+Slots=96 
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+beeta = 180/n //slot angle 
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+
+coil_pitch=10*beeta //10 slots
+alpha=180-coil_pitch
+K_c=cosd(alpha/2)   //coi;-span factor
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //distribution factor
+
+conductors_per_slot=4  
+Z=Slots*conductors_per_slot //total conductors
+Total_turns=Z/2  
+T_ph=Total_turns/3  //turns per phase
+
+//part (i)
+E_ph= 4.44 *K_c *K_d *phi *f *T_ph
+printf('\The phase voltage is %.2f V ',E_ph)
+
+//part(ii)
+E_line=E_ph*sqrt(3)
+printf('\nThe Line Voltage is %.2f V ',E_line)
+
+ //part(iii)
+I_ph=650
+I_l=I_ph  // Star Connection
+kVA_rating=sqrt(3)*E_line*I_l
+printf('\nkVA rating is %.1f kVA ',kVA_rating/1000)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..02f40a617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.12\n\n')
+
+Ns=600 //synchronous speed in rpm
+Pole=10
+l=30/100     //divided by 100 for centimetre-metre conversion
+Pole_pitch=35/100  //numerically equal to pi*d/Pole
+Phase=3
+conductors_per_slot=8
+A1=Pole_pitch*l //Area of each fundamental pole
+m=3   //Slot per Pole per Phase
+n=Phase*m //slots per pole
+beeta=180/n  //slot angle
+
+B_m1=1,B_m3=0.3,B_m5=0.2  //amplitude of 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonic
+phi_1=(2/%pi)*A1*B_m1  //average value of fundamental flux per pole 
+f=Ns*Pole/120 //frequency
+
+Coil_span=(8/9)*180
+alpha=180-Coil_span
+//pitch factor for 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonic
+K_c1=cosd(alpha/2)  
+K_c3=cosd(3*alpha/2)
+K_c5=cosd(5*alpha/2)
+
+// using K_dx=sin(m*x*beeta*(%pi/180)/2) /(m*sin(x*beeta*(%pi/180)/2))
+//distribution factor for 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonic
+K_d1=sind(m*1*beeta/2) /(m*sind(1*beeta/2))
+K_d3=sind(m*3*beeta/2) /(m*sind(3*beeta/2))
+K_d5=sind(m*5*beeta/2) /(m*sind(5*beeta/2))
+
+Slots=n*Pole
+Total_conductors=conductors_per_slot * Slots
+Total_turns=Total_conductors/2
+T_ph=Total_turns/3  //turns per phase
+
+//EMF of 1st , 3rd and 5th harmonic
+E_1ph=4.44 * K_c1 * K_d1*phi_1 * f * T_ph
+E_3ph= E_1ph* (B_m3*K_c3*K_d3)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_5ph= E_1ph* (B_m5*K_c5*K_d5)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+
+// Using E_xph= E_1ph* (B_mx*K_cx*K_dx)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_ph=sqrt( E_1ph^2 + E_3ph^2 + E_5ph^2 )
+printf('Phase value of induced e.m.f is %.2f V ',E_ph)
+E_line=sqrt(3) * sqrt( E_1ph^2 + E_5ph^2  )//no 3rd harmonic appears in line value
+printf('\nline value of induced e.m.f is %.2f V ',E_line)
+
+printf('\n\nAnswer mismatches due to approximation')
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.13/4_13.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.13/4_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..41b99f92a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.13/4_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.13\n\n')
+
+Pole=16
+phi=0.03 //flux per pole
+Ns=375 //synchronous speed in rpm
+f=Ns*Pole/120 //frequency
+printf('frequency is %.0f Hz ',f)
+Slots=144
+n=Slots/Pole  //slots per pole
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n  //slot angle
+K_c=1 //assuming Full-Pitch coil
+Conductors_per_slot=10
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2))  //distribution factor
+
+Total_conductors=Slots*Conductors_per_slot
+Total_turns=Total_conductors/2
+T_ph=Total_turns/3  //turns per phase
+E_ph=4.44* K_c* K_d*phi* f* T_ph
+E_line=E_ph*sqrt(3)
+printf('\nline voltage is %.2f V ',E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.14/4_14.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.14/4_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0bf84be33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.14/4_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.14\n\n')
+
+Ns=250 //Speed in rpm
+f=50 //frequency
+I_l=100
+Slots=216
+Conductors_per_slot=5
+Pole=120*f/Ns
+phi=30*10^-3//flux per pole in weber
+Z=Slots*Conductors_per_slot  //Total Conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3 //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n //Slot angle
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //distribution factor
+
+e_av=2*f*phi     //Average Value of EMF in each conductor
+E_c=1.11*(2*f*phi)  //RMS value of EMF in each conductor
+E=2*E_c*K_d //RMS value of EMF in each turn
+E_ph=T_ph*E //RMS value of EMF in each phase
+E_line= E_ph*sqrt(3)  //As Star Connected Alternator
+printf('RMS value of EMF in each phase = %.3f V\n',E_ph)
+printf('RMS value of EMF line value  = %.3f V\n',E_line)
+kVA_rating=sqrt(3)*E_line*I_l
+printf('\nkVA rating is %.3f kVA ',kVA_rating/1000)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.15/4_15.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.15/4_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fd013fe12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.15/4_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.15\n\n')
+
+Pole=10
+Slots=90
+E_l=11000
+f=50
+phi=0.15 //flux per pole in weber
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n //slot angle
+ 
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //distribution factor
+K_c=1 //coil span factor
+
+E_ph=E_l/sqrt(3)
+T_ph=floor( E_ph/(4.44*K_c*K_d*phi*f)  )
+//T_ph should necessarily be an integer
+
+Z_ph=(T_ph)*2  
+printf('Required number of armature conductors is %d',Z_ph)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.16/4_16.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.16/4_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6be2bff7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.16/4_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.16\n\n')
+
+Pole=10
+Ns=600 //speen in rpm
+conductor_per_slot=8
+n=12 //slots per pole
+Slots=Pole*n 
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase 
+beeta=180/n //slot angle
+alpha=2*beeta  //short by 2 slots
+
+//flux per pole corresponding to 1st,3rd and 5th harmonic
+phi_1=100*10^-3
+phi_3=(33/100)*phi_1
+phi_5=(20/100)*phi_1
+
+//coil span factor corresponding to 1st,3rd and 5th harmonic
+K_c1=cosd( alpha/2)
+K_c3=cosd( 3*alpha/2)
+K_c5=cosd( 5*alpha/2)
+
+// using K_dx=sin(m*x*beeta /2) /(m*sin(x*beeta /2))
+//distribution factor corresponding to 1st,3rd and 5th harmonic
+K_d1=sind(m*1*beeta/2) /(m*sind(1*beeta /2))
+K_d3=sind(m*3*beeta/2) /(m*sind(3*beeta /2))
+K_d5=sind(m*5*beeta/2) /(m*sind(5*beeta /2))
+
+Z=conductor_per_slot*n*Pole    //Total Conductors
+Zph=Z/3 //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Zph/2 //turns per phase
+
+f=Ns*Pole/120
+E_1ph=4.44*K_c1*K_d1*phi_1*f*T_ph
+E_3ph=4.44*K_c3*K_d3*phi_3*f*T_ph
+E_5ph=4.44*K_c5*K_d5*phi_5*f*T_ph
+
+E_ph=sqrt( E_1ph^2 +  E_3ph^2 + E_5ph^2     )
+printf('Phase value of induced e.m.f is %.0f V ',E_ph)
+E_line=sqrt(3)*sqrt( E_1ph^2 +  E_5ph^2     )  //In a line value,3rd harmonic doesnt appear
+printf('\nline value of induced e.m.f is %.0f V ',E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.17/4_17.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.17/4_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2fbd61a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.17/4_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.17\n\n')
+
+Pole=6
+Ns=1000 //speed in rpm
+d=28/100  //Divided by 100 to convert from centimeters to metres
+l=23/100  //Divided by 100 to convert from centimeters to metres
+m=4 //slots per pole per phase
+B_m1=0.87  //amplitude of 1st harmonic component of flux density
+B_m3=0.24  //amplitude of 3rd harmonic component of flux density
+Conductors_per_slot=8
+f=Ns*Pole/120 //frequency
+A1=%pi*d*l/Pole //area of each fundamental pole
+phi_1=(2/%pi)*A1*B_m1 //flux per pole in weber
+n=m*3 //slots per pole
+beeta=180/n //slot angle
+alpha=beeta  //because of 1 slot short
+K_c1=cosd(alpha/2) //coil span factor corresponding to 1st harmonic
+K_c3=cosd(3*alpha/2)//coil span factor corresponding to 3rd harmonic
+// using K_dx=sin(m*x*beeta*(%pi/180)/2) /(m*sin(x*beeta*(%pi/180)/2))
+K_d1=sind(m*1*beeta/2) /(m*sind(1*beeta/2)) //distribution factor corresponding to 1st harmonic
+K_d3=sind(m*3*beeta/2) /(m*sind(3*beeta/2)) //distribution factor corresponding to 3rd harmonic
+
+Slots=n*Pole
+Z=Slots*Conductors_per_slot //total number of conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3 //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+
+E_1ph=4.44*K_c1*K_d1*phi_1*f*T_ph
+E_3ph=E_1ph* (B_m3*K_c3*K_d3)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)      //using E_xph=E_1ph* (B_mx*K_cx*K_dx)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_ph=sqrt( E_1ph^2 +  E_3ph^2     )
+printf('r.m.s value of resultant voltage is %.1f V',E_ph)
+E_line=sqrt(3)*E_1ph   //For line Value, 3rd harmonic does not appear
+printf('\nline voltage is %.3f V',E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.18/4_18.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.18/4_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c2b91553a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.18/4_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.18\n\n')
+
+V_L=125
+V_ph=V_L
+VA=600*10^3
+I_L=VA/(sqrt(3)*V_L)     // Because VA=sqrt(3)* V_L * I_L
+I_ph=I_L/(sqrt(3))
+
+//After Reconnection
+V_ph=125
+V_L=V_ph*sqrt(3)
+printf('New rating in volts is %.3f V',V_L)
+//Winding Impedances remain the same
+I_ph=1600
+I_L=I_ph
+
+printf('\nNew rating in amperes is %.0f A',I_L)
+kVA=sqrt(3)*V_L*I_L*(10^-3)
+printf('\nNew rating in kVA is %.0f kVA',kVA)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.19/4_19.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.19/4_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f6238b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.19/4_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.19\n\n')
+
+Pole=4
+f=50 //frequency
+phi=0.12 //flux per pole in weber
+m=4  // slot per pole per phase
+conductor_per_slot=4
+coilspan=150
+Ns=120*f/Pole //synchronous speed in rpm
+n=m*3  //Slots per pole
+beeta=180/n //slot angle
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) // distribution factor
+alpha=180-coilspan //angle of short pitch
+K_c=cos((%pi/180)*alpha/2) //coil span factor
+Z=m*(n*Pole) // Also equal to (conductors/slots)*slots
+Z_ph=Z/3 //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+E_ph=4.44*K_c*K_d*phi*f*T_ph
+E_line=sqrt(3)*E_ph
+printf('e.m.f generated is %.2f V(phase),%.2f V(line)',E_ph,E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..70a3e9d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.2\n\n')
+
+Slots=120
+Pole=8
+Phase=3 //number of phases
+n=Slots/Pole         //Slots per Pole
+m=Slots/Pole/Phase   //Slots per Pole per Phase
+beeta=180/n           //Slot angle in degree
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //Distribution Factor
+printf('Distribution Factor:\nK_d=%.3f',K_d)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ee761fd17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.3\n\n')
+
+Slots=36
+Pole=4
+Phase=3 //number of phases
+n=Slots/Pole    //Slots per pole
+beeta=180/n     //Slot angle in degrees
+
+//coil is shorted by 1 slot i.e. by beeta degrees to full pitch distance
+alpha=beeta     //angle of short pitch
+K_c=cosd(alpha/2)  //Coil span Factor
+printf('Coil Span Factor:\nK_c=%.4f',K_c)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..524bdef24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.4\n\n')
+
+N_s=250  //Synchronous speed in r.p.m
+f=50     //Frequency of generated e.m.f in hertz
+Slots=216
+phi=30*10^-3 //flux per pole in weber
+
+Pole=120*f/N_s
+n=Slots/Pole   //Slots per Pole
+m=n/3          //Slots per Pole per Phase
+beeta=180/n     //Slot angle in degree
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2)/(m*sind(beeta/2))   //distribution factor
+K_c=1 //Coil Span Factor for full pitch coils=1
+
+Z=Slots*5   //Z is total no of conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3    //Conductors Per Phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //Turns per phase
+E_ph=4.44*K_c*K_d*f*phi*T_ph //induced emf
+E_line=E_ph*sqrt(3)
+
+printf('Induced e.m.f across the Terminals is %.2f V',E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cb0e6c5cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.5\n\n')
+
+Pole=16
+N_s=375 //synchronous speed in rpm
+Slots=144
+E_line=2.657*10^3 //line value of emf across terminals
+f=Pole*N_s/120 //frequency
+
+K_c=1  //assuming full pitch winding,Coil span Factor=1
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+
+beeta=180/n
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //Distribution Fcator
+conductors_per_slot=10
+Z=Slots*conductors_per_slot  //total conductors
+
+Z_ph=Z/3  //number of conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //no of turns per phase
+E_ph=E_line/sqrt(3) //phase value of emf across terminals
+
+phi=E_ph/(4.44*K_c*K_d*f*T_ph)     //E_ph=4.44*K_c*K_d*f*phi*T_ph
+printf('Frequency of Induced e.m.f is %.0fHz\nFlux per Pole is %.0f mWb',f,phi*1000)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f6e63dfe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.6\n\n')
+
+d=0.25            //Diameter in metre
+l=0.3             //Length in metre
+Pole=4
+A1=%pi*d*l/Pole    //Area of each fundamental pole
+f=50 //frequency in hertz
+B_m1=0.15 , B_m3=0.03, B_m5=0.02 //Amplitude of 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonics
+phi_1=(2/%pi)*B_m1*A1  //average value of fundamental flux per pole in weber
+
+//PART A
+E_c1=1.11*2*f*phi_1  //R.M.S value of fundamental frequency e.m.f generated in single conductor
+Coil_span=(13/15)*180  //since winding coil span is 13/15 of pole pitch
+alpha=180-Coil_span
+
+//Pitch factor for 1st, 3rd and 5th harmonic
+K_c1=cosd(alpha/2)
+K_c3=cosd(3*alpha/2)
+K_c5=cosd(5*alpha/2)
+
+//Using E_cx=E_c1 * (B_mx/B_m1)
+E_c3=E_c1 * (B_m3/B_m1)
+E_c5=E_c1 * (B_m5/B_m1)
+
+E_t1=K_c1 * (2*E_c1)   //R.M.S Vaue of fundamental frequency EMF generated in 1 turn (in volts)
+E_t3=K_c3 * 2*E_c3
+E_t5=K_c5 * 2*E_c5
+E_t=sqrt(E_t1^2 +E_t3^2 +E_t5^2)
+V=10*E_t  //(number of turns per coil )* (Total e.m.f per turn)
+printf('Voltage generated per coil is %.1f V',V)
+
+// PART B
+//E_1ph=4.44*K_c1*K_d1*phi_1*f*T_ph
+T_ph=200   //T_ph=(60 coils  * 10 turns per coil)/3
+
+Total_Conductors=1200 // 60 coils * 10 turns per coil * 2
+Conductors_per_Slot=20 //2 conductors per turn * 10  turns per slot
+Slots=Total_Conductors/Conductors_per_Slot
+
+n=Slots/Pole
+m=n/3
+beeta=180/n   //Slot angle in degree
+K_d1=sind(m*1*beeta/2) /(m*sind(1*beeta/2))
+K_d3=sind(m*3*beeta/2) /(m*sind(3*beeta/2))
+K_d5=sind(m*5*beeta/2) /(m*sind(5*beeta/2))
+
+E_1ph=4.44 * K_c1 * K_d1*phi_1 * f * T_ph
+// Using E_xph= E_1ph* (B_mx*K_cx*K_dx)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_3ph= E_1ph* (B_m3*K_c3*K_d3)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_5ph= E_1ph* (B_m5*K_c5*K_d5)/(B_m1*K_c1*K_d1)
+E_ph=sqrt( E_1ph^2 + E_3ph^2 + E_5ph^2 )  //voltage generated per phase
+printf('\nVoltage generated per phase is %.0f V',E_ph)
+
+ //PART c
+E_line=sqrt(3) * sqrt( E_1ph^2 + E_5ph^2  ) //terminal voltage
+printf('\nTerminal Voltage is %.1f V ',E_line)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f88178218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.7\n\n')
+
+Ns=250 //Synchronous speed in rpm
+f=50
+Slots=288
+E_line=6600
+Pole=120*f/Ns  
+n=Slots/Pole  //slots per pole
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n //slot angle
+conductors_per_slot=32   //16 conductors per coil-side  *2 coil-sides per slot
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2)) //distribution factor
+alpha=2*beeta// angle of short pitch
+K_c=cosd(alpha/2)  //coil span factor
+Z = Slots*conductors_per_slot  //total conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3 //Conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+
+E_ph=E_line/sqrt(3)
+phi=E_ph/(4.44*K_c*K_d*f*T_ph)           //Because E_ph=4.44 *K_c *K_d *phi *f *T_ph
+printf('Flux per pole is %.0f mWb ',phi*1000)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7f54cb405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.8\n\n')
+
+Ns=1500  //synchronous speed in rpm
+Pole=4
+Slots=24
+conductor_per_slot=8
+phi=0.05 //flux per pole in weber
+f=Pole*Ns/120 //frequenccy
+n=Slots/Pole //slots per pole
+m=n  // as number of phases is 1
+beeta=180/n  //slot angle
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2))  //distribution factor
+
+//Full pitch= n =6 slots
+//(1/6)th of full pitch =1slot
+//angle of short pitch = 1 slot angle
+alpha=beeta
+K_c=cosd(alpha/2)  //coil span factor
+
+Z=conductor_per_slot*Slots //total conductors
+Z_ph=Z // as number of phases is 1
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+E_ph=4.44*K_c*K_d* phi *f *T_ph  //induced emf
+
+printf('Induced e.m.f is %.1f V ',E_ph)
diff --git a/1938/CH4/EX4.9/4_9.sce b/1938/CH4/EX4.9/4_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c8fef19da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1938/CH4/EX4.9/4_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clc,clear
+printf('Example 4.9\n\n')
+
+Pole=48
+n=9 //slots per pole
+phi=51.75*10^-3 //flux per pole in weber
+Ns=125
+f=Ns*Pole/120 //frequency
+K_c=1 //due to full pitch winding
+m=n/3 //slots per pole per phase
+beeta=180/n  //slot angle
+
+K_d=sind(m*beeta/2) /(m*sind(beeta/2))  //distribution factor
+conductor_per_slot=4*2 //Each slot has 2 coil sides and each coil side has 4 conductors
+Slots=n*Pole
+Z=conductor_per_slot*Slots   //total number of conductors
+Z_ph=Z/3 //conductors per phase
+T_ph=Z_ph/2 //turns per phase
+E_ph=4.44 *K_c *K_d *phi *f *T_ph  //induced emf
+
+E_line=(sqrt(3))*E_ph  //due to star connection
+printf('Induced e.m.f is %.0f kV ',E_line/1000)
-- 
cgit