From b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: priyanka Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2015 15:03:17 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 1026/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce | 17 ++++++++++++++ 1026/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce | 43 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce | 19 ++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce | 19 ++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce | 21 ++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce | 23 +++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 1026/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 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1026/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce create mode 100755 1026/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce (limited to '1026') diff --git a/1026/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce b/1026/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e5c261ad2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter-1,Example1_1,pg 40 + +n=4 + +M=65.34 + +N=6.023*10^23 + +d111=2.08*10^-8//interplannar spacing + +a=d111*sqrt((1^2)+(1^2)+(1^2)) + +D=(n*M)/(N*(a^3)) + +printf("density of Cu-metal\n") + +printf("D=%.2f g/cc",D) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce b/1026/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aedb3cb4b --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//chapter-1,Example1_2,pg 40 + +//miller plane 231 + +a=1.2*10^-10 + +b=1.8*10^-10 + +c=2*10^-10//primitives of crystal + +//intercepts of ABC plane + +a1=a/2 + +b1=b/3 + +c1=c/1 + +//intercept of ABC plane along X-axis =0.6*10^-10 + +//ABC is not the reqd. plane + +//intercept of DEF plane parallel to ABC + +a2=a + +b2=(2*b)/3 + +c2=2*c + +//miller indices for DEF + +//1:(3/2):(1/2) + +printf("intercept of DEF plane\n") + +printf("along x-axis=%.11f\n",a2) + +printf("along y-axis=%.11f\n",b2) + +printf("\nalong z-axis=%.11f",c2) + +printf("\nDEF is the reqd. plane") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a67e9283b --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_1,pg 270 + +L=1.33*10^-22 + +B=0.025 + +m=6.68*10^-27 + +q=3.2*10^-19 + +w=(B*q)/m + +E=0.5*L*w//E=0.5I(w^2),Iw=L + +E=E/(1.6*10^-19)//converting into ev + +printf("KE of particle\n") + +printf("E=%.2f ev",E) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d2e524de9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_10,pg 275 + +//F=mg=qE + +E=250 + +R=10^-8 + +rho=10^3//density + +m=(4/3)*%pi*(R^3)*rho//m=volume*density + +W=m*9.8//weight of drop(mg) + +q=W/E + +printf("charge on water drop\n") + +disp(q) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7fc2e2713 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_11,pg 275 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +v=5*10^5 + +B=0.3 + +N=6.025*10^26 + +M72=72/N + +R72=(M72*v)/(B*e) + +M74=74 + +R74=(R72/72)*M74 + +S=2*(R74-R72)//linear separation of two line + +printf("linear separation of two line\n") + +printf("S=%.2f m",S) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f97d99025 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_12,pg 276 + +l=5*10^-2 + +d=0.3//distance of screen from end of mag. field + +D=d+(l/2) + +y=0.01 + +m=9.1*10^-31 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +Va=1000 + +B=(y/(D*l))*sqrt((2*m*Va)/e) + +printf("flux density\n") + +printf("B=%.8f Wb/m2",B) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..912e85bac --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_13,pg 276 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +Va=150 + +m=9.1*10^-31 + +vx=sqrt((2*e*Va)/m) + +V=20 + +d=10^-2 + +ay=(e/m)*(V/d) + +l=10*10^-2 + +vy=ay*(l/vx) + +theta=atan(vy/vx) + +theta=theta*(180/%pi)//converting into degree + +theta=theta*(%pi/180)//converting into radian + +Y=D*tan(theta) + +S=(Y/V) + +printf("velocity of electron reaching field vx=%.2f m/sec\n",vx) + +printf("\nacceleration due to electric field ay=%.2f m/sec2\n",ay) + +printf("\nfinal velocity attained by deflecting field vy=%.2f m/sec\n",vy) + +printf("\nangle of deflection theta=%.2f deg.\n",theta) + +printf("\ndeflection on screen Y=%.2f m\n",Y) + +printf("\ndeflection senstivity S=%.2f m/volt\n",S) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6260afb1a --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_2,pg 271 + +R=0.35 + +n=1.38*10^7 + +m=1.67*10^-27 + +q=1.6*10^-19 + +B=(2*%pi*n*m)/q + +E=((B^2)*(q^2)*(R^2))/(2*m) + +E=E/q + +printf("magnetic field induction\n") + +printf("B=%.2f wb/m2",B) + +printf("\nmaximum energy of proton\n") + +printf("E=%.2f ev",E) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b178078d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_3,pg 271 + +m=9.1*10^-31 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +//due to potential difference V, electron is accelerated + +//eV=0.5*m*(v^2) + +//due to transverse magnetic field B electron moves in circular path of radius R + +//(m*(v^2))/R=BeV + +B=1.19*10^-3 + +V=1000 + +v=sqrt((2*e*V)/m) + +R=(m*v)/(B*e) + +L=m*v*R + +printf("radius of electron trajectory\n") + +printf("R=%.2f m",R) + +printf("\nangular momentum of electron\n") + +disp(L) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3faf84579 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_4,pg 272 + +vx=1.7*10^7 + +Ey=3.4*10^4 + +x=3*10^-2 + +t=x/vx + +//y=0.5*ay*(t^2) + +ay=(e*Ey)/m + +y=0.5*ay*(t^2) + +Bz=Ey/vx + +printf("verical displacement of electron \n") + +printf("y=%.2f m",y) + +printf("\nmagnitude of magnetic field\n") + +printf("B=%.4f wb/m2",B) + +printf("\ndirection of field is upward as Ey is downward") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..840591a88 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_5,pg 272 + +m=1.67*10^-27 + +q=1.6*10^-19 + +B=0.5 + +n=((B*q)/(2*%pi*m)) + +R=1 + +E=((B^2)*(q^2)*(R^2))/(2*m) + +E=E/(1.6*10^-19) + +printf("frequency of oscillation voltage\n") + +printf("n=%.2f Hz",n) + +printf("\nmaximum energy of proton\n") + +printf("E=%.2f ev",E) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..45f3c9c74 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_6,pg 273 + +q=3.2*10^-19 + +m=6.68*10^-27 + +B=1.5 + +v=7.263*10^6 + +F=B*q*v + +printf("force on particle\n") + +disp(F) + +T=(2*%pi*m)/(B*q) + +n=1/T + +printf("\nperiodic time\n") + +disp(T) + +printf("\nresonance frequency\n") + +printf("n=%.2f Hz",n) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cfb18230d --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_7,pg 273 + +n=1.2*10^7 + +mp=1.67*10^-27 + +qp=1.6*10^-19 + +Bp=(2*%pi*mp*n)/qp + +R=0.5 + +Ep=((Bp^2)*(qp^2)*(R^2))/(2*mp) + +Ep=Ep/qp + +malp=6.68*10^-27 + +qalp=2*1.6*10^-19 + +Balp=(2*%pi*malp*n)/qalp + +Ealp=((Balp^2)*(qalp^2)*(R^2))/(2*malp) + +Ealp=Ealp/qp + +printf("flux density for proton\n") + +printf("Bp=%.2f Wb/m2",Bp) + +printf("\nflux density for alpha particle\n") + +printf("Balp=%.2f Wb/m2",Balp) + +printf("\nenergy of proton\n") + +printf("Ep=%.2f ev",Ep) + +printf("\nenergy of alpha particle\n") + +printf("Ealp=%.2f ev",Ealp) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6827e284e --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_8,pg 274 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +me=9.1*10^-31//mass of electron + +q=3.2*10^-19 + +malp=6.68*10^-27//mass of alpha particle + +B=0.05 + +V=20*10^3 + +//v=sqrt((2*q*V)/m) + +//R=(1/B)*sqrt((2*m*V)/q) + +Re=(1/B)*sqrt((2*me*V)/e) + +Ralp=(1/B)*sqrt((2*malp*V)/q) + +S=2*Ralp-2*Re//linear separation between two particles on common boundary wall + +printf("linear separation between two particles on common boundary wall\n") + +printf("S=%.2f m",S) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce b/1026/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e2e98fa26 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter10,Example10_9,pg 274 + +V1=200 + +//electrostatic focusing condition + +//(sini/sinr)=(v2/v1)=sqrt(V2/V1) + +//0.5mv2=eV + +i=60*(%pi/180)//converting into radian + +r=45*(%pi/180)//converting into radian + +V2=200*((sin(i)/sin(r))^2) + +pd=V2-V1//potential difference + +printf("potential difference between two region\n") + +printf("\npd=%.2f Volts",pd) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..84d84455b --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_1,pg 298 + +me=9.1*10^-31//masss of electron + +h=6.62*10^-34//planck's const. + +delx=10^-8//uncertainity in position + +delp=(h/(2*%pi*delx))//uncertainity principle + +delv=(delp/me)//uncertainity in velocity + +printf("uncertainity in velocity\n") + +printf("delv=%.2f m/sec",delv) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..22cdc3d30 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_2,pg 298 + +lam=0.2865*10^-10//wavelength + +mp=1.67*10^-27//mass of proton + +h=6.625*10^-34 + +v=(h/(mp*lam))//debroglie's equation + +KE=0.5*mp*(v^2)//kinetic energy of proton(J) + +KE=KE/(1.6*10^-19)//converting into ev + +printf("kinetic energy of proton\n") + +printf("KE=%.2f ev",KE) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fe7d552a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_3,pg 299 + +KEnu=0.025*1.6*10^-19//kinetic energy of neutron + +mn=1.676*10^-27//mass of neutron + +v=sqrt((2*KEnu)/mn) + +h=6.626*10^-34 + +lamn=h/(mn*v)//debroglie wavelength of neutron + +printf("wavelength of beam of neutron\n") + +printf("lamn=%.12f m",lamn) + +p=(h/lamn) + +printf("\nmomentum of electron and photon\n") + +printf("p=%.26f kgm/sec",p) + +me=9.1*10^-31//mass of electron + +ve=(p/me)//velocity of electron + +Ee=0.5*p*ve//energy of electron + +Ee=Ee/(1.6*10^-19)//convering into ev + +printf("\nenergy of electron\n") + +printf("Ee=%.2f ev",Ee) + +Ep=(h*3*10^8)/lamn//energy of photon + +Ep=Ep/(1.6*10^-19) + +printf("\nenergy of photon\n") + +printf("Ep=%.2f ev",Ep) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cbdd741b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_4,pg 300 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +V=200 + +lam=0.0202*10^-10//debroglie wavelength + +h=6.625*10^-34 + +//eV=0.5*m*(v^2) + +//mv=sqrt(2*m*eV) + +m=((h^2)/(2*(lam^2)*e*V))//mass of particle + +printf("mass of particle\n") + +disp(m) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b4f1c540e --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_5,pg 300 + +mn=1.676*10^-27//mass of neutron + +h=6.625*10^-34 + +En=1.6*10^-19//energy of neutron + +v=sqrt((2*En)/mn) + +lam=(h/(mn*v))//de-broglie wavelength + +printf("de-broglie wavelength\n") + +disp(lam) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..05f3e03b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_6,pg 300 + +//acc. to uncertainity principle + +//delx*delp >= (h/2*%pi) + +rad=10^-14 + +delx=2*rad + +h=6.625*10^-34 + +delp=(h/(2*%pi*delx)) + +//from einstein's relavistic relation + +//E=mc2=KE+rest mass energy=0.5mv2+moc2 + +//when velocity of particle is very high + +//m=(mo/sqrt(1-((v/c)^2))) + +//m-mass of particle with velocity v + +//mo-rest mass of particle + +//c-velocity of particle + +p=delp//assume + +c=3*10^8 + +mo=9.1*10^-31 + +E=sqrt(((p*c)^2)+((mo*(c^2))^2)) + +E=E/(1.6*10^-19) + +printf("E=%.2f ev",E) + +printf("\nthis value is much higher than experimentally obtained values of energy of electron\n") + +printf("of a radioactive nuclei i.e 4 Mev this proves that electron cannot reside within nucleus") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ae94f249a --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_7,pg 302 + +m1=60*10^-9 + +v1=80 + +p1=m1*v1 + +h=6.625*10^-34 + +lam1=h/p1//de-broglie wavelength case-1 + +m2=8*10^-27 + +v2=1.3 + +p2=m2*v2 + +lam2=h/p2//de-broglie wavelength case-2 + +printf("de-broglie wavelength for case-1\n") + +disp(lam1) + +printf("\nde-broglie wavelength for case-2\n") + +disp(lam2) + +printf("\nfrom case-1 it is clear that for normal particles de-broglie wavelength is not visible it is very small") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce b/1026/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..83b59c534 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//chapter11,Example11_8,pg 302 + +h=6.634*10^-34 + +c=3*10^8 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +m=9.1*10^-31 + +Ep=100*10^3*e//energy of photon + +lamp=((h*c)/Ep)//wavelength of photon + +lame=lamp//wavelength of electron + +v=h/(m*lame) + +KEe=0.5*m*(v^2)//kinetic energy of electron + +KEe=KEe/(1.6*10^-19) + +printf("kinetic energy of electron\n") + +printf("KEe=%.2f ev",KEe) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce b/1026/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..08cbacac9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter12,Example12_1,pg 357 + +n1=1.53//refractive index + +n2=1.5 + +lam=1*10^-6//wavelength + +a=50*10^-6 + +NA=sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2)) + +V=((2*%pi*a)*NA)/lam + +printf("normalised frequency\n") + +printf("V=%.2f ",V) + +M=(V^2)/2 + +printf("\ntotal no. of guided mode\n") + +printf("M=%.2f",M) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce b/1026/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a9d5983f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter12,Example12_2,pg 357 + +lam=1*10^-6//wavelength + +n1=1.53 + +n2=1.5 + +NA=sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2)) + +a=(2.405*lam)/(2*%pi*NA) + +printf("core radius\n") + +printf("a=%.8f m",a) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH12/EX12.3/Example12_3.sce b/1026/CH12/EX12.3/Example12_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a42c3e83c --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH12/EX12.3/Example12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter12,Example12_3,pg 357 + +NA=0.5 + +n1=1.54 + +n2=sqrt((n1^2)-(NA^2)) + +printf("refractive index of cladding\n") + +printf("n2=%.2f ",n2) + +n=(n1-n2)/n1//relative change in refractive index of core + +printf("\nrelative change refractive index of core\n") + +printf("n=%.2f ",n) diff --git a/1026/CH12/EX12.4/Example12_4.sce b/1026/CH12/EX12.4/Example12_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..15394b334 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH12/EX12.4/Example12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter12,Example12_4,pg 358 + +NA=0.5 + +n1=1.48 + +n2=sqrt((n1^2)-(NA^2)) + +printf("refractive index of cladding\n") + +printf("n2=%.2f ",n2) + +alpha=asin(NA) + +alpha=alpha*(180/%pi) + +printf("\nacceptance angle\n") + +printf("alpha=%.2f deg",alpha) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.1/Example13_1.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.1/Example13_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..010ef312c --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.1/Example13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_1,pg 391 + +//xMy -> x-mass no., M-element, y-atomic no. + +M7Li3=7.018232//mass of 7li3 (amu) + +Malpha=4.003874//mass of alpha particle (amu) + +Mpr=1.008145//mass of proton (amu) + +//reaction:- 7li3 + 1H1-> 4He2 + 4He2 + +delM=M7Li3+Mpr-2*Malpha//mass defect + +Q=delM*931//1 amu= 931 Mev + +Ey=9.15//K.E energy of product nucleus + +Ex=2*Ey-Q//K.E of incident particle + +printf("kinetic energy of incident proton\n") + +printf("Ex=%.2f Mev",Ex) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.2/Example13_2.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.2/Example13_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8f3bc3ad --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.2/Example13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_2,pg 391 + +M235U=235//at.mass of 235U + +m=10^-3 + +N=6.023*10^23 + +Eperfi=200*10^6//energy per fission + +E=Eperfi*1.6*10^-19//energy per fission (in joules) + +T=10^-6 + +A=M235U + +P=((m*N)/A)*(E/T)//power output + +printf("power of explosion\n") + +printf("P=%.2f watt",P) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.4/Example13_4.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.4/Example13_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7890b1555 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.4/Example13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_4,pg 392 + +n=0.4//efficiency + +N=6.023*10^23 + +Eperfi=200*10^6//energy per fission + +E=Eperfi*1.6*10^-19 + +P=100*10^6 + +A=235 + +T=24*60*60 + +m=(P*A*T)/(n*N*E) + +printf("mass of 235U consumed/day\n") + +printf("m=%.2f gm",m) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.5/Example13_5.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.5/Example13_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..425b03dfd --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.5/Example13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_5,pg 392 + +M2H1=2.01474 + +M3H1=3.01700 + +M1n0=1.008986 + +M4He2=4.003880 + +//thermonuclear reaction in hydrogen bomb explosion + +//2H1 + 3H1 -> 4He2 + 1n0 + +Mreac=M2H1+M3H1//mass of reactants + +Mprod=M4He2+M1n0//mass of products + +Q=Mreac-Mprod + +Q=Q*931//converting in Mev + +printf("energy/reaction\n") + +printf("Q=%.2f Mev",Q) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.6/Example13_6.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.6/Example13_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7344e27e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.6/Example13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_6,pg 393 + +M7Li3=7.01818 + +M1H1=1.0081 + +M1n0=1.009 + +BEpernu=(1/7)*((3*M1H1)+(4*M1n0)-M7Li3)//binding energy per nucleon + +BEpernu=BEpernu*931//converting in Mev + +printf("binding energy per nucleon\n") + +printf("BE=%.2f Mev",BEpernu) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH13/EX13.7/Example13_7.sce b/1026/CH13/EX13.7/Example13_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..857db46b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH13/EX13.7/Example13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter13,Example13_7,pg 394 + +m=10*10^3 + +N=6.023*10^23 + +Eperfi=200*10^6//energy per fission + +E=Eperfi*1.6*10^-19//energy in joules + +A=235 + +T=24*60*60 + +P=((m*N)/A)*(E/T) + +printf("power output\n") + +printf("P=%.2f watt",P) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce b/1026/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..02367156d --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter-2,Example2_1,pg 54 + +Tn=285 + +Tc1=20 + +Ti1=(2*Tn)-Tc1 + +Tc2=-20 + +Ti2=(2*Tn)-Tc2 + +printf("higher temperature\n") + +printf("Ti1=%.f deg. C",Ti1) + +printf("\ntemperature of inversion\n") + +printf("Ti2=%.f deg. C",Ti2) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce b/1026/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..555fcab23 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//chapter-2,Example2_2,pg 54 + +aFe=16.65 + +aAg=2.86 + +bFe=-0.095 + +bAg=0.017 + +aFe_Ag=aFe-aAg + +bFe_Ag=bFe-bAg + +a=aFe_Ag + +b=bFe_Ag + +Tn=-(a/b) + +t=100 + +EFe_Ag=(a*t)+0.5*(b*(t^2)) + +printf("neutral temp. of Fe-Ag thermocouple\n") + +printf("Tn=%.3f deg. C",Tn) + +printf("\nthermo e.m.f of thermocouple\n") + +printf("EFe_Ag=%.f volts",EFe_Ag) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce b/1026/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b6cee3b97 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter-2,Example2_3,pg 54 + +//P=(dE/dt)Fe=a+b*t=1734-4.87*t + +//P=(dE/dt)Cu=a+b*t=136+0.95*t + +aFe_Pb=1734*10^-6 + +aFe_Cu=(1734-136)*10^-6 + +aCu_Pb=136*10^-6 + +bFe_Pb=-4.87*10^-6 + +bFe_Cu=(-4.87-0.95)*10^-6 + +bCu_Pb=0.95*10^-6 + +a=aFe_Cu + +b=bFe_Cu + +t=100 + +EFe_Cu=(a*t)+0.5*(b*(t^2)) + +printf("e.m.f of termocouple\n") + +printf("EFe_Cu=%.4f Volt",EFe_Cu) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce b/1026/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..faed1919f --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter-3,Example3_1,pg 67 + +S=2*10^-6 + +T=2000 + +A=60.2*10^4 + +b=52400//Q/K + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +I=A*S*(T^2)*(%e^(-(b/T))) + +J=A*(T^2)*(%e^(-(b/T))) + +no=J/e + +printf("maximum obtainable electronic emission current\n") + +disp(I) + +printf("\nemission current density\n") + +printf("J=%.3f A/m2",J) + +printf("\nno. of electrons emitted per unit area per sec.\n") + +disp(no) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce b/1026/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ecffed89 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter-3,Example3_2,pg 67 + +Ip1=20*10^-3 + +Ip2=30*10^-3 + +Vp1=80 + +//Ip=K*(Vp^(3/2)) + +Vp2=((((Vp1)^(3/2))*Ip2)/Ip1)^(2/3) + +printf("plate voltage for 30mA current\n") + +printf("Vp2=%.2f volts",Vp2) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce b/1026/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a26729e6d --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter4,Example4_1,pg 84 + +V1=343 + +//S=V1*t1 + +V2=1372 + +//S=V2*t2 + +dt=3//time difference + +S=((V1*V2)*(dt))/(V2-V1) + +printf("distance between two ships\n") + +printf("S=%.f m",S) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce b/1026/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..540a1b7d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter4,Example4_2,pg 84 + +V=1700 + +t=0.65 + +d=(V*t)/2 + +n=0.07*10^6 + +lam=V/n + +printf("depth of sea\n") + +printf("d=%.1f m",d) + +printf("\nwavelength of pulse\n") + +printf("lam=%.4f m",lam) diff --git a/1026/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce b/1026/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3447edc1f --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter4,Example4_3,pg 84 + +P=1 + +l=40*10^-3 + +E=115*10^9 + +D=7.25*10^3 + +n=(P/(2*l))*sqrt(E/D) + +printf("natural frequency\n") + +printf("n=%.2f Hz",n) + +printf("\nfrequency of rod is more than audible range, rod cannot be used in magnetostriction oscillator\n") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce b/1026/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2eeb72cd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter5,Example5_1,pg 97 + +T1=1.5 + +T2=1 + +A=20 + +V=10*8*6 + +a=((0.161*V)/(2*A))*((1/T2)-(1/T1)) + +printf("absorption coefficient\n") + +printf("a=%.3f Sabines",a) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce b/1026/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..be7b20a5a --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter5,Example5_2,pg 97 + +V=3000 + +T1=3.5//reverberation time + +A=(0.161*V)/T1 + +l=20 + +b=15 + +h=10 + +S=2*((l*b)+(b*h)+(h*l)) + +sum_a=A/S + +am=0.5 + +a=0.106 + +T2=2.5//reverberation time after cloth use + +S1=(((0.161*V)/(am-a))*((1/T2)-(1/T1))) + +printf("area of wall covered by curtain cloth\n") + +printf("S1=%.3f sq.m",S1) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce b/1026/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b7435d22 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//chapter5,Example5_3,pg 98 + +V=1450 + +A1=112*0.03//absorption due to plastered wall + +A2=130*0.06//absorption due to wooden floor + +A3=170*0.04//absorption due to plastd. celing + +A4=20*0.06//absorption due to wooden door + +A5=100*1//absorption due to cushioned chairs + +sum_as=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5 + +T1=(0.161*V)/sum_as//reverberation time case-1 + +T2=(0.161*V)/(sum_as+(60*4.7))//persons=60,A=4.7 case-2 + +T3=(0.161*V)/(sum_as+(100*4.7))//seat cushioned=100 rev. case-3 + +printf("rev. time for case-1\n") + +printf("T1=%.3f sec",T1) + +printf("\nrev. time for case-2\n") + +printf("T2=%.3f sec",T2) + +printf("\nrev. time for case-3\n") + +printf("T3=%.3f sec",T3) diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b9eb9abc --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_1,pg 121 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +V=1000 + +m=9.1*10^-31 + +v=sqrt((2*e*V)/m) + +printf("final velocity of electron\n") + +printf("v=%.f m/sec",v) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3e1dbd62b --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_10,pg 124 + +Rhp=3.66*10^-4 + +rho=8.93*10^-3 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +p=1/(Rhp*e) + +Uhp=Rhp/rho + +Bz=0.5 + +theta=atan(Uhp*Bz) + +theta=theta*(180/%pi) + +printf("density of charge carrier\n") + +disp(p) + +printf("\nhall angle\n") + +printf("theta=%.2f deg.",theta) + +printf("\nhall mobility\n") + +printf("Uhp=%.4f m2/VS",Uhp) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5f497ebcc --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_11,pg 124 + +ni=2.5*10^13 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +un=3900 + +up=1900 + +sigin=ni*e*(un+up)//intrinsic conductivity + +//1 donor atom/10^8 Ge atom dropped + +rhoGe=4.42*10^22//no. of Ge atom/cc + +Nd=rhoGe/10^8 + +sigex=Nd*e*un//extrinsic conductivity + +printf("extrinsic conductivity\n") + +printf("sigex=%.4f ohm cm",sigex) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.12/Example6_12.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.12/Example6_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..361911fae --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.12/Example6_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_12,pg 124 + +//permeability of electron to be in C.B=F(Ec) + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +Eg=5.6 + +Ef=Eg/2 + +Ec=Eg + +K=1.38*10^-23 + +T=27+273//converting in Kelvin + +KT=K*T + +KT=KT/e + +//e^(Ec-Ef/KT)>>1 + +Fermi_F=e^((Ef-Ec)/KT)//fermi factor + +printf("probability of electron on CB\n") + +disp(Fermi_F) + +printf("\nit is infinite in negative direction for an insulator like diamond, so diamond cannot take part in conduction") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..13d17c3bd --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_13,pg 125 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +n=7*10^21 + +ue=0.39 + +V=10^-3 + +A=10^-6 + +L=10*10^-3 + +I=(n*e*ue*V*A)/L + +Rhe=-(1/(n*e)) + +Bz=0.2 + +d=10^-3 + +Vhe=(Rhe*I*Bz)/d + +printf("current through bar I=%.7f A\n",I) + +printf("\nhall coeff. Rhe=%.6f m3/c\n",Rhe) + +printf("\nhall voltage Vhe=%.8f volt\n",Vhe) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.14/Example6_14.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.14/Example6_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d45c6d4f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.14/Example6_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_14,pg 136 + +J2=0.2*10^-6 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +V=0.1 + +K=1.38*10^-23 + +T=300 + +J=J2*(e^((e*V)/(K*T)))//as e^((e*v)/KT)>>1 + +printf("forward bias current flow\n") + +disp(J) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..94b279aef --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_15,pg 148 + +V1=1.4 + +I1=60*10^-3 + +V2=1.5 + +I2=85*10^-3 + +Rs1=V1/I1 + +Rs2=V2/I2 + +dV=V2-V1 + +dI=I2-I1 + +Rd=dV/dI + +printf("static resistance\n") + +printf("Rs1=%.2f ohm\n",Rs1) + +printf("Rs2=%.2f ohm\n",Rs2) + +printf("dynamic resistance\n") + +printf("Rd=%.2f ohm",Rd) diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..44da73530 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_16,pg 148 + +Ie=1*10^-3 + +Ib=0.02*10^-3 + +Ic=Ie-Ib + +B=Ic/Ib + +alpha=Ic/Ie + +printf("alpha=%.2f \n",alpha) + +printf("B=%.2f \n",B) diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..53547fe0b --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_17,pg 148 + +alpha=0.99 + +Icbo=0.5*10^-6 + +B=alpha/(1-alpha) + +Iceo=(1/(1-alpha))*Icbo + +printf("B=%.f \n",B) + +printf("Iceo=%.8f A",Iceo) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.18/Example6_18.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.18/Example6_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..15bd0f255 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.18/Example6_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_18,pg 148 + +delIc=2.5*10^-3 + +delIb=40*10^-6 + +B=delIc/delIb + +alpha=B/(1+B) + +printf("alpha=%.5f\n",alpha) + +printf("B=%.2f",B) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a25c278aa --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_19,pg 148 + +Ie=1*10^-3 + +Ib=0.04*10^-3 + +Ic=Ie-Ib + +alpha=Ic/Ie + +printf("current gain\n") + +printf("alpha=%.2f",alpha) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..26309e656 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_2,pg 121 + +Jc=1 + +sig=5.8*10^7 + +E=(Jc)/sig + +printf("electric field established\n") + +disp(E) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c4c71bbf --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_20,pg 149 + +V=1.5 + +R=10^3 + +Ic=V/R + +alpha=0.96 + +Ie=Ic/alpha + +Ib=Ie-Ic + +printf("base current\n") + +printf("Ib=%.6f A",Ib) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4bce8860e --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_3,pg 121 + +vd=1*10^-3 + +sig=6.17*10^7 + +ue=0.0056 + +rhoe=-(sig/ue) + +Jc1=-rhoe*vd + +E1=(Jc1)/sig + +I=80 + +A=9*10^-6 + +Jc2=I/A + +E2=Jc2/sig + +V=0.5*10^-3 + +d=3*10^-3 + +E3=V/d + +printf("E-field due to Jc1\n") + +printf("E1=%.6f V/m",E1) + +printf("\nE-field due to Jc2\n") + +printf("E2=%.6f V/m",E2) + +printf("\nE-field due to cube\n") + +printf("E3=%.6f V/m",E3) diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..40621e5cc --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_4,pg 122 + +sig=3.82*10^7 + +L=1000*12*2.54*10^-2//converting into m + +r=0.4*2.54*10^-2 + +V=1.2 + +Jc=sig*(V/L) + +A=3.14*(r^2) + +Ic=Jc*A + +P=Ic*V + +printf("current density\n") + +printf("Jc=%.f A/m2",Jc) + +printf("\ntotal current\n") + +printf("Ic=%.2f A",Ic) + +printf("\npower dissipation\n") + +printf("P=%.2f watt",P) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0b59ce7e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_5,pg 122 + +ni=2.5*10^19 + +um=0.39 + +up=0.19 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +L=6*10^-3 + +R=120 + +A=0.5*10^-6 + +sigp=L/(R*A) + +p=sigp/(e*up) + +Na=p + +n=(ni^2)/Na + +sigm=n*e*um + +ratio=sigp/sigm + +printf("p-type impurity concentration\n") + +disp(p) + +printf("\nproportion of conductivity due to hole and electron\n") + +printf("ratio=%.f",ratio);printf(":1") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8b26dd474 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_6,pg 123 + +ni=2*10^19 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +up=0.17 + +un=0.36 + +V=2 + +A=10^-4 + +d=0.3*10^-3 + +I=(ni*e*(up+un)*V*A)/d + +printf("current produced in Ge-plate\n") + +printf("I=%.4f A",I) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..76e6611ef --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_7,pg 123 + +rho=6.3*10^4 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +up=0.14 + +un=0.05 + +ni=1/(rho*e*(up+un)) + +printf("intrinsic carrier concentration\n") + +disp(ni) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.8/Example6_8.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.8/Example6_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a2fa7ce78 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.8/Example6_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_8,pg 123 + +L=10^-3 + +R=1.5 + +A=10^-6 + +Ey=0.6 + +w=10^-3 + +d=10^-3 + +I=120*10^-3 + +Bz=0.05 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +sigp=L/(R*A) + +Vhp=Ey*w + +Rhp=(Vhp*d)/(I*Bz) + +Uhp=sigp*Rhp + +theta=atan(Uhp*Bz) + +theta=theta*(180/%pi) + +p=1/(Rhp*e) + +printf("hall voltage :Vhp=%.4f Volt\n",Vhp) + +printf("\nhall coeff. :Rhp=%.5f m3/e\n",Rhp) + +printf("\nhall mobility :Uhp=%.4f m2/VS\n",Uhp) + +printf("\nhall angle :theta=%.2f deg.\n",theta) + +printf("\ndensity of charge carrier\n") + +disp(p) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce b/1026/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8e8ea30d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter6,Example6_9,pg 123 + +n=1.4*10^24 + +ni=1.4*10^19 + +Nd=n + +p=(ni^2)/Nd + +nbyp=n/p + +printf("electron-hole concentration ratio\n") + +disp(nbyp) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..376b2f37c --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_1,pg 180 + +alpha=0.01 + +n=10 + +lam=6000*10^-8 + +u=1.5 + +//for dark fringe 2*u*t*cos(alpha)=n*lam + +//t=xtan(alpha) + +//2*u*x*sin(alpha)=2*u*x*alpha=n*lam ->alpha is small, sin(alpha)=alpha + +x=(n*lam)/(2*u*alpha) + +printf("distance of 10th fringe from edge of wedge\n") + +printf("x=%.2f cm",x) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..368dc158f --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_10,pg 185 + +//condition for dark fringe is 2*t=n*lam + +//refer to fig.(e) pg 185 + +//but B=(lam/(2*alpha*u)) + +//delt=alpha*x + +lam=6000*10^-8 + +u=1.5 + +delt=(10*lam)/(2*u)//alpha=lam/(2*B*u), B=x/10 + +printf("difference t2-t1 from fig.\n") + +printf("delt=%.4f cm",delt) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..408490419 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_11,pg 185 + +//condition for dark is 2*u*t*cos(r)=n*lam + +lam=5890*10^-8 + +u=1.5 + +r=60*(%pi/180) + +//for n=1 + +t=(lam)/(2*u*cos(r)) + +printf("smallest thickness of glass plate\n") + +printf("t=%.8f cm",t) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e54fc348a --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_12,pg 193 + +//for brightest spot R1=sqrt(b*lam) + +R1=0.05 + +lam=5*10^-5 + +bb=(R1^2)/lam//brightest spot + +//for darkest spot + +bd=(R1^2)/(2*lam)//darkest spot + +printf("position of brightest spot\n") + +printf("b=%.2f cm",bb) + +printf("\nposition of darkest spot\n") + +printf("b=%.2f cm",bd) diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3899f92ca --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_13,pg 193 + +lam=6000*10^-10 + +b1=30//for m=1 + +b2=6//for m=2 + +//(1/b)-(1/a)=(n*lam)/(R1^2), b=b1,b2 + +//from b1,b2 equations + +a=((5*b2)-(3*b1))/2 + +R1=sqrt(lam/((1/b1)-(1/a))) + +F1=(R1^2)/lam + +printf("distance of source from zone plate\n") + +printf("a=%.2f cm",a) + +printf("\nradius of 1st zone plate\n") + +printf("R1=%.4f cm",R1) + +printf("\nprincipal focal length\n") + +printf("F1=%.2f cm",F1) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d82851751 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_14,pg 209 + +grat=1/1250//transmission grating + +n=2 + +theta=30*(%pi/180)//deviation angle + +//(a+b)sin(theta)=n*lam + +//grat=(a+b) + +lam=(grat*sin(theta))/n//wavelength of spectral line + +printf("wavelength of spectral line\n") + +printf("lam=%.6f cm",lam) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.15/Example8_15.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.15/Example8_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e7f8a70ec --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.15/Example8_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_15,pg 209 + +lam=5893*10^-8 + +grat=2.54/2540//converting into cm + +//(a+b)=grat + +//(a+b)sin(theta)=n*lam + +//n=nmax, if sin(theta)=1 + +nmax=(grat/lam) + +printf("maximum order\n") + +printf("nmax=%.2f ",nmax) + +printf("so maximum order=16\n") diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.16/Example8_16.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.16/Example8_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..955ff3493 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.16/Example8_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_16,pg 209 + +n=2 + +grat=1/5000//transmission grating + +lam=5893*10^-8 + +dtheta=(2.5*3.14)/(180*60)//change in angular displacement(in radian) + +//(a+b)=grat + +//dlam=((a+b)cos(theta)/n)dtheta + +cos(theta)=sqrt(1-(((n*lam)/grat)^2)) + +dlam=(dtheta*grat*cos(theta))/n//difference in wavelength + +f=30//focal length + +dl=f*dtheta//linear separation + +printf("difference between two yellow lines (in cm)\n") + +disp(dlam) + +printf("\nlinear separation\n") + +printf("dl=%.4f cm",dl) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.17/Example8_17.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.17/Example8_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..99b6e0535 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.17/Example8_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_17,pg 210 + +grat=1/6000 + +f=30 + +n=2 + +lam1=5770*10^-8 + +lam2=5460*10^-8 + +dlam=lam1-lam2 + +lam=lam2 + +cos(theta)=sqrt(1-(((n*lam)/grat)^2)) + +dl=((n*f)/(grat*cos(theta)))*dlam + +printf("linear separation of two spectral lines\n") + +printf("dl=%.4f cm",dl) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.18/Example8_18.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.18/Example8_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e161ea9f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.18/Example8_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_18,pg 210 + +//nth order of lam1 is superimposed on (n+1)th order of lam2 for theta=30 + +//(a+b)sin(30)=n*5400*10^-8=(n+1)*4050*10^-8 + +lam1=5400*10^-8 + +lam2=4050*10^-8 + +n=(lam2/(lam1-lam2)) + +theta=30*(%pi/180) + +N=sin(theta)/(n*lam1) + +printf("lines/cm in grating\n") + +printf("N=%.2f lines/cm",N) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0a11b5cb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_2,pg 181 + +//for constructive interference of reflected light + +//2*u*t*cos(r)=(2*n+1)(lam/2), where n=0,1,2,3 + +//for normal incidence + +//r=0, cos(r)=1 + +t=5*10^-5 + +u=1.33 + +//for n=0 lam=lam1 + +lam1=4*u*t + +//for n=1 lam=lam2 + +lam2=4*u*t*(1/3) + +//for n=2 lam=lam3 + +lam3=4*u*t*(1/5) + +//for n=3 lam=lam4 + +lam4=4*u*t*(1/7) + +printf("wavelength that is strongly reflected in visible spectrum\n") + +disp(lam3) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.3/Example8_3.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.3/Example8_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..497b73009 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.3/Example8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_3,pg 181 + +n=10 + +D10=0.5 + +lam=5000*10^-8 + +R=(D10^2)/(4*n*lam) + +D50=sqrt(4*50*R*lam) + +r50=D50/2 + +printf("radius of 50th dark ring\n") + +printf("r50=%.2f cm",r50) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.4/Example8_4.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.4/Example8_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1adc7876f --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.4/Example8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_4,pg 182 + +i=45*(%pi/180) + +u=1.33 + +r=asin(sin(i)/u) + +r=r*(180/%pi) + +//for bright fringe 2*u*t*cos(r)=(2*n+1)(lam/2) + +//for minimum thickness n=0 + +lam=5000*10^-8 + +t=lam/(4*u*t*cos(r)) + +printf("min. thickness of film\n") + +disp(t) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b262526f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_5,pg 182 + +//since both reflections occur at surface of denser medium + +//condition for brightness for min thickness, n=1 + +//for normal incidence r=0, cos(r)=1 + +lam=5500*10^-8 + +V=0.2 + +A=100*100//converting into cm2 + +t=V/A + +u=lam/(2*t) + +printf("RI of oil\n") + +printf("u=%.2f",u) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b94cf2d8d --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_6,pg 183 + +lam=6300*10^-10 + +u=1.5 + +//condition for dark 2*u*t=n*lam + +//condition for bright 2*u*t=(2*n-1)(lam/2) + +//when t=0 n=0 order dark band will come and at edge 10th bright band will come + +n=10 + +t=(((2*n)-1)*(lam))/(4*u) + +printf("thickness of air film\n") + +printf("t=%.12f cm",t) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9749ce9e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_7,pg 183 + +ug=1.5 + +uo=1.3 + +//here reflection occurs both time at surface of denser medium + +//condition for distructive interference in reflected side + +//2*u*t*cos(r)=(2*n-1)(lam1/2), for nth min. + +r=0 + +//for nth min. + +//2*u*t=(2*n+1)(lam1/2), n=0,1,2,3 + +//for (n+1)th min. + +////2*u*t=(2*(n+1)+1)(lam2/2), n=0,1,2,3 + +lam1=7000*10^-10 + +lam2=5000*10^-10 + +//from eq. of nth and (n+1)th min. + +t=(2/(4*uo))*((lam1*lam2)/(lam1-lam2)) + +printf("thickness of layer\n") + +printf("t=%.12f m",t) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..567ef6545 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_8,pg 184 + +Dn=1.40 + +D=1.27 + +//when u=1 + +//(Dn^2)=4*n*lam*R=(1.40^2) + +//when u=u1 + +//(D^2)=(4*n*lam*R)/u1=(1.27^2) + +//from above eqn's + +u1=((Dn^2)/(D^2)) + +printf("RI of liquid\n") + +printf("u=%.2f",u1) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce b/1026/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d4c3c89f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter8,Example8_9,pg 184 + +alpha=((%pi*10)/(60*60*180))//converting into radian + +B=0.5//fringe width + +u=1.4 + +lam=2*B*alpha*u + +printf("wavelength of light used\n") + +printf("lam=%.12f m",lam) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6bc3b2e81 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_1,pg 237 + +d=4.255*10^-10 + +lam=1.549*10^-10//wavelength of K-copper line + +n=1//theta is smallest when n=1 + +theta=asin(lam/(2*d))//glancing angle + +theta=theta*(180/%pi) + +//max value of sin(theta)=1 + +//for highest order + +nmax=((2*d)/lam)//highest bragg's order + +printf("smallest glancing angle\n") + +printf("theta=%.2f deg.",theta) + +printf("\nmaximum order of reflection\n") + +printf("nmax=%.2f",nmax) + +printf("\nsince fraction is meaningless for order nmax=5") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..65e3c1bbc --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_2,pg 237 + +V=60*10^3 + +c=3*10^8 + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +lam=0.194*10^-10//min. wavelength of x-rays + +h=(lam*e*V)/c + +printf("plancks constant\n") + +disp(h) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7144d6ddf --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_3,pg 238 + +//for 110 plane + +a=3*10^-10//lattice parameter + +d=(a/sqrt(2))//d110=(a/sqrt((1^2)+(1^2)+0)) + +theta=12.5*(%pi/180)//glancing angle + +n=1 + +lam=2*d*sin(theta)//wavelength of x-ray + +nmax=((2*d)/lam)//highest order + +printf("wavelength of x-ray beam\n") + +disp(lam) + +printf("\nhighest braggs order\n") + +printf("nmax=%.2f",nmax) + +printf("\nfraction is meaningless so nmax=4") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..03f3ba71f --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_4,pg 238 + +d=2.81*10^-10 + +theta=14*(%pi/180)//glancing angle + +lam=2*d*sin(theta)//min. wavelength + +e=1.6*10^-19 + +V=9100 + +c=3*10^8 + +h=(lam*e*V)/c + +printf("plancks constant\n") + +disp(h) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fc2ab0492 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_5,pg 238 + +//for line A-> 2*d*sin(thetaA)=lamA(n=1) + +thetaA=30*(%pi/180)//glancing angle for line A + +//for line B-> 2*d*sin(thetaB)=3*lamB(n=3) + +thetaB=60*(%pi/180) + +lamB=0.97*10^-10 + +d=(3*lamB)/(2*sin(thetaB)) + +lamA=2*d*sin(thetaA)//wavelength of line A + +printf("wavelength of line A\n") + +disp(lamA) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4089599f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_6,pg 239 + +a=3.615*10^-10 + +d111=a/sqrt(1+1+1)//for 111 plane + +theta=21.7*(%pi/180)//converting into radian + +lam=2*d111*sin(theta) + +printf("wavelength of X-rays\n") + +disp(lam) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..225e00fb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_7,pg 239 + +V=50*10^3 + +lam=(12400/V)*10^-10 + +n=4//FCC crystal + +m=74.6 + +N=6.022*10^26 + +rho=1.99*10^3 + +a=(((n*m)/(N*rho))^(1/3)) + +//for kcl ionic crystal + +d=a/2 + +theta=asin(lam/(2*d)) + +theta=theta*(180/%pi) + +printf("min. wavelength of spectrum from tube\n") + +disp(lam) + +printf("glancing angle for that wavelength\n") + +printf("theta=%.2f deg.",theta) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f2763134 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_8,pg 239 + +//from bragg's law + +//2*d*sin(theta)=n*lam + +n=1 + +theta1=5.4*(%pi/180) + +theta2=7.6*(%pi/180) + +theta3=9.4*(%pi/180) + +d100=lam/2*sin(theta1) + +d110=lam/2*sin(theta2) + +d111=lam/2*sin(theta3) + +printf("ratio of interplannar spacing \n(1/d100):(1/d110):(1/d111)=") + +printf("%.2f:",sin(theta1));printf("%.2f:",sin(theta2));printf("%.2f",sin(theta3)); + +printf("\nas ratio (1/d100):(1/d110):(1/d111)=1:sqrt(2):sqrt(3)this relation is valid for simple cubic crystal therefore, this is a SCC crystal") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1026/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce b/1026/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dcc7d07a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1026/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//chapter9,Example9_9,pg 240 + +lam=0.58*10^-10 + +theta1=6.5*(%pi/180) + +theta2=9.15*(%pi/180) + +theta3=13*(%pi/180) + +//from bragg's law + +d1=lam/(2*sin(theta1))*10^10 + +d2=lam/(2*sin(theta2))*10^10 + +d3=lam/(2*sin(theta3))*10^10 + +printf("interplannar spacing of crystal\n") + +printf("%.2f:",d1);printf("%.2f:",d2);printf("%.2f",d3); \ No newline at end of file -- cgit