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+// Example No. 3.3
+// To calculate the longitudinal mode spacing and the minimum gain required for laser oscillation
+// Page no. 106
+
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+c=3*10^8; // The speed of ligth in air
+L=500*10^(-6); // The distance between mirrors
+n=3.5; // The refractive index
+inlossdB=50; // The internal loss in dB/cm
+R1=0.3; // The reflectivity of ligth wave which is reflected at A
+R2=0.3; // The reflectivity of ligth wave which is reflected at B
+
+// The longitudinal mode spacing
+deltaf=(c/(2*n*L))*10^-9; // The longitudinal mode spacing
+L=0.05; // The distance between mirrors in cm
+amir=(1/(2*L))*log(1/(R1*R2)); // The loss due to mirrors per cm
+aint=log(10^(inlossdB/10)); // The coefficient of internal loss due to scattering
+
+// The minimum gain required
+g=aint+amir; // The minimum gain required for laser oscillation
+
+// Displaying the result in command window
+printf('\n The longitudinal mode spacing = %0.2f GHz',deltaf);
+printf('\n The minimum gain required for laser oscillation per cm = %0.2f cm^-1',g);