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-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce11
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce12
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce10
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.15/Ex4_15.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce7
15 files changed, 127 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f36c1a590
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+// compare the intensities of ordinary and extraordinary rays
+//intensity of ordinary rays is given by Io=a^2 *(sin theta)^2
+//where theta=30 degree
+//we get Io=a^2/4
+Io=1/4
+//intensity of extraordinary ray is given by IE=(a*cos theta)^2
+//we get IE=3*a^2/4
+IE=3/4
+I=IE/Io
+disp("the intensities of ordinary and extraordinary rays is I="+string(I)+"unitless")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..37e322c70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate difference in the refractive indices
+//specific rotation is theta/d=29.73 degree/mm
+theta=29.73 //where theta=theta/d
+lambda=5.086*10^-4 //wavelength in mm
+//optical rotation is given by theta=%pi*d*(mul-mur)/lambda
+//where mul and mur are refractive indices for anti-clockwise and clockwise polarised lights
+mu=theta*lambda/180 //where mu=mul-mur
+disp("difference in refractive indices is mu="+string(mu)+"unitless")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b2c9595c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+//to calculate optical rotation
+//let theta' be the optical rotation by a solution of strength c' in a tube of length l' then
+//we get 10*theta'/l'*c'=10*theta/l*c
+c=1/3 //it is given that solution is 1/3 of its previous concentration i.e. c'/c=1/3,where c=c'/c
+l1=30 //where l1=l'
+ //length in cm
+l=20
+theta=13 //degree
+//formula is theta'=l'*c'*theta/(l*c)
+theta1=l1*c*theta/l
+disp("optical rotation is theta1="+string(theta1)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a2887320f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate specific rotation
+theta=52.8 //optical rotation in degree
+l=20 //length of the solution in cm
+c=20/50 //concentration of the solution in gm/cc
+alpha=10*theta/(l*c)
+disp("the specific rotation is alpha="+string(alpha)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d46cb8420
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//to calculate length
+l=40 //length in cm
+c=5/100 //concentration in percentage
+theta1=35 //optical rotation in degree ,where theta1=theta'
+c1=10/100 //concentration in % ,where c1=c'
+theta=20
+//formula of specific rotation is alpha=10*theta/l*c
+l1=l*c*theta1/(c1*theta)
+disp("length is l1="+string(l1)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9bc373890
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate rotation of plane of polarisation of light
+mur=1.53914
+ //refractive index
+mul=1.53920
+lambda=6.5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+d=0.02 //distance in cm
+thetaR=180*(mul-mur)*d/lambda
+disp("rotation of plane of polarisation of light is thetaR="+string(thetaR)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.15/Ex4_15.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.15/Ex4_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f7a81362
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.15/Ex4_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate % purity of the sugar sample
+theta=9.9 //optical rotation in degree
+alpha=66 //specific roation of pure sugar solution in dm^-1(gm/cc)^-1
+l=20 //length of tube in cm
+c=10*theta/(l*alpha) //concentration of solution in gm/c.c
+//it is given that 80 gm of impure sugar is dissolved in a litre of water
+per=(c*100*10^3)/80 //here c is in gm/litre
+disp("percentage of the sugar sample is per="+string(per)+"%")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..006910bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate angle of refraction
+//according to brewster's law mu=tan ip
+mu=1.732 //refractive index
+ip=atand(mu) //polarising angle in degree
+r=90-ip
+disp("angle of refraction of ray is r="+string(r)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9101c7ce5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate polarising angle and angle of refraction
+mu=1.345 //refractive index, mu=1/sinc=1/sin48degree=1/0.7431
+ip=atand(mu)
+r=90-ip
+disp("polarising angle is ip="+string(ip)+"degree")
+disp("angle of refraction is r="+string(r)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c9516f04a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of a half wave plate of quartz
+lambda=5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+mue=1.553
+ //refractive index (unitless)
+muo=1.544
+//for a half plate of positive crystal
+t=lambda/(2*(mue-muo))
+disp("thickness of a half wave plate of quartz is t="+string(t)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..98b1e07bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of quarter wave plate
+lambda=5.890*10^-5 //wavelength of light in cm
+mue=1.553
+ //refractive index
+muo=1.544
+t=lambda/(4*(mue-muo))
+disp("thickness of quarter wave plate is t="+string(t)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6ef1a4d43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of a doubly refracting plate
+lambda=5.890*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+muo=1.53
+ //refractive index
+mue=1.54
+t=lambda/(4*(mue-muo))
+disp("thickness of a plate is t="+string(t)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..781cac885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate angle of rotation
+alpha=66 //specific rotation of cane sugar in degree
+c=15/100 //concentration of the solution in gm/cc
+l=20 //length of tube in cm
+theta=alpha*l*c/10
+disp("the angle of rotation of the plane of polarisation is theta="+string(theta)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e87489ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate specific rotation
+theta=26.4 //in degree
+l=20 //length in cm
+c=0.2 //gm/cm^3
+alpha=10*theta/(l*c)
+disp("the specific rotation is alpha="+string(alpha)+"degree")
diff --git a/2780/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce b/2780/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f887bbc91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate strength of solution
+theta=11 //degree
+l=20 //length in cm
+alpha=66 //specific rotation of sugar in degree
+c=10*theta/(l*alpha)
+disp("strength of solution is c="+string(c)+"gm/cm^3")
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-19 18:50:52 +0000