14 files changed, 122 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..33dd13460
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a2fe9015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.1
+//page509
+
+printf("1) Breakover voltage of 400V : It means that if gate is open and the \n")
+printf("   supply voltage is 400V, then SCR will start conducting heavily. \n")
+printf("   However,as long as the supply voltage < 400V, SCR stays open. \n \n")
+
+printf("2) Trigger current of 10mA : It means that if the supply voltage is \n")
+printf("   less than breakover voltage and a minimum gate current of 10 mA \n")
+printf("   is passed, SCR conducts. It wont conduct if gate current is less \n")
+printf("   than 10mA. \n \n")
+
+printf("3) Holding current of 10mA : When SCR is conducting, it will not open \n")
+printf("   even if triggering current is removed. However, if supply voltage \n")
+printf("   is reduced, anode current also decreases. When anode current drops \n")
+printf("   to 10mA, the holding current, SCR turns off. \n \n")
+
+printf("4) If gate current is increased to 15mA, the SCR will be turned on \n")
+printf("   lower supply voltage. \n")
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dfeb187f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..163b56b86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.2
+//page510
+
+t=12d-3 // sec
+I=50 // A
+fuse_rating=I^2*t
+
+if fuse_rating < 90 
+     printf("rating = %.3f ampere square second which is less than maximum \nrating so device will not be destroyed \n",fuse_rating)
+else printf("rating = %.3f ampere square second which is more than maximum \nrating so device may get damaged \n",fuse_rating)
+    
+end
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1200850ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..086b52896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.3
+//page510
+
+rating=50 // ampere square second
+Is=100 // A
+
+t_max=rating/Is^2
+
+printf("maximum allowable duration of surge = %.3f s or %.3f ms\n",t_max,t_max*1000)
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..279ecae5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0827e46c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.4
+//page514
+
+v=100 // V
+Vm=200 // V
+R_L=100 // ohm
+
+// since v=Vm*sin(theta), we get
+
+theta=asin(v/Vm)*180/%pi // in terms of degrees
+
+phi=180-theta
+
+V_avg=Vm*(1+cos(theta*%pi/180))/(2*%pi)
+
+I_avg=V_avg/R_L
+
+printf("firing angle = %.2f degrees \n",theta)
+printf("conduction angle = %.2f degrees \n",phi)
+printf("average current = %.4f A \n",I_avg)
+
+// the accurate answer for average current is 0.594 A but in book it is given as 0.5925 A 
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..26134e3bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3b2db276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.5
+//page515
+
+Vm=400 // V
+v=150 // V
+R_L=200 // ohm
+
+// since v=Vm*sin(theta), we get
+
+theta=asin(v/Vm)*180/%pi // in terms of degrees
+
+V_av=Vm*(1+cos(theta*%pi/180))/(2*%pi)
+I_av=V_av/R_L
+P=V_av*I_av
+
+printf("firing angle = %.2f degrees \n",theta)
+printf("average output voltage = %.3f V \n",V_av)
+printf("average current for load of 200 ohm = %.3f A \n",I_av)
+printf("power output = %.3f W \n",P)
+
+// the accurate answer for power output is 75.250 W but in book it is given as 75.15 W
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38e5c7191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b7f3c6d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.6
+//page515
+
+Vm=240 // V
+v=180 // V
+
+// figure given is for understanding purpose only. It is not required to solve the example
+
+// SCR remains off till it reaches 180 V i.e. forward breakdown voltage
+
+// since v=Vm*sin(theta), we get
+
+theta=asin(v/Vm) // firing angle in terms of degrees
+
+// since theta=314*t, we get
+
+t=theta/314 // seconds
+
+printf("off duration of SCR = %.3f ms \n",t*1000) //multiply t by 1000 to display time in milliseconds
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.PNG b/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.PNG
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a0efcf8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.PNG
diff --git a/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce b/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa25b3945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2459/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//chapter23
+//example23.7
+//page517
+
+alpha=60 // degrees
+Vm=200 // V
+R_L=100 // ohm
+
+V_av=Vm*(1+cos(alpha*%pi/180))/%pi
+
+I_av=V_av/R_L
+
+printf("dc output voltage = %.3f V \n",V_av)
+printf("load current for firing angle of 60 degrees = %.3f A \n",I_av)