summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/1865
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to '1865')
-rw-r--r--1865/CH2/EX2.1/prob_1.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH2/EX2.2/prob_2.sce10
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.1/prob_1.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.2/prob_2.sce10
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.3/prob_3.sce14
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.4/prob_4.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.5/prob_5.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.6/prob_6.sce18
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.7/prob_7.sce15
-rw-r--r--1865/CH3/EX3.8/prob_8.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.1/prob_1.sce14
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.2/prob_2.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.3/prob_3.sce12
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.5/prob_5.sce14
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.6/prob_6.sce11
-rw-r--r--1865/CH4/EX4.7/prob_7.sce10
-rw-r--r--1865/CH6/EX6.1/prob_1.sce10
17 files changed, 204 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1865/CH2/EX2.1/prob_1.sce b/1865/CH2/EX2.1/prob_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..784c909d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH2/EX2.1/prob_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 1
+//Calculate the net magnetic moment per iron atom in crystal
+clear
+clc
+l=2.87// The lattice parameter of BCC iron in A
+v=((2.87)^3)*10^-30// Volume of the unit cell in m^3
+n= 2// No. of atoms in the unit cell
+M=1750*1000// Saturation magnetization of BCC irons in A/m
+m=(M*v)/n// Net magnetic moment per atom in Am^2
+printf('Net magnetic moment = %.27f ',m)
diff --git a/1865/CH2/EX2.2/prob_2.sce b/1865/CH2/EX2.2/prob_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f153869a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH2/EX2.2/prob_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Problem 2
+//Calculate the hysteresis loss
+clear
+clc
+f=50// Frequency in Hz
+v=0.01// Volume of the transformer core in m^3
+A=
+M=1750*1000// Saturation magnetization of BCC irons in A/m
+m=(M*v)/n// Net magnetic moment per atom in Am^2
+printf('Net magnetic moment = %.27f ',m)
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.1/prob_1.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.1/prob_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8baf63ccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.1/prob_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 1
+//Calculate the wavelength of X-rays
+clear
+clc
+V=12400// Potential difference in V
+e=1.6*10^(-19)//charge on an electron in C
+h=6.626*10^(-34)//planck's constant in J-s
+c=3*10^(8)//velocity of light in m/s
+w=((h*c)/(e*V))*10^(10)// wavelength of X-rays in A
+printf('wavelength of X-rays = %.1f A',w) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.2/prob_2.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.2/prob_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34deb6a31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.2/prob_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+//Problem 2
+//Calculate the maximum speed of electron striking the anti-cathode
+clear
+clc
+V=18// Potential difference in kV
+e=1.6*10^(-19)//charge on an electron in C
+m=9.1*10^(-31)//mass of an electron in kg
+v=(2*e*V/m)^(0.5)//maximum speed of electron in m/s
+printf('maximum speed of electron striking the anti-cathode = %.1f m/s',v) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.3/prob_3.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.3/prob_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f03a1e35c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.3/prob_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+//Problem 3
+//calculate the energy falling on the target material per second and also calculate the cutoff wavelength of the X-rays
+clear
+clc
+V=20*10^3// potential difference in V
+e=1.6*10^(-19)//charge on an electron in C
+h=6.6*10^(-34)//planck's constant in J-s
+c=3*10^(8)//velocity of light in m/s
+i=1//current in mA
+E=i*V*10^(-3)//energy in j/s
+w=(h*c)/(e*V)//wavelength in nm
+printf('energy falling on the target material per second = %.1f j/s \n',E)
+printf('cutoff wavelength of the X-rays = %.3f nm',w*10^9) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.4/prob_4.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.4/prob_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09d1233d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.4/prob_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 4
+//calculate the velocity of electrons at which they strike the target
+clear
+clc
+V=10*10^3// potential difference in V
+e=1.6*10^(-19)//charge on an electron in C
+m=9.1*10^(-31)//mass of an electron in kg
+KE=e*V// kinetic energy of electrons reaching the target material in J
+v=(2*KE/m)^(0.5)//velocity of electrons at which they strike the target in m/s
+printf('velocity of electrons at which they strike the target = %.2f m/s',v) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.5/prob_5.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.5/prob_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ff690adda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.5/prob_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 5
+//calculate the glancing angle for third order reflection
+clear
+clc
+w=0.842*(10)^(-10)//wavelength in m
+x=8.5833//glancing angle(in degrees) for the first order reflection
+a=1,b=3//a=1 for 1st order b=3 for 3rd order reflection
+d=(a*w)/(2*sind(x))//inerplanar spacing for first order reflection
+y=asind((b*w)/(2*d))
+printf('Glancing angle for the third order reflection = %.2f degrees',y)
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.6/prob_6.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.6/prob_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f7371445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.6/prob_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+//Problem 6
+//calculate the interplanar spacing of the crystal
+clear
+clc
+w=0.58//wavelength of monochromatic X-rays
+a=6.45,b=9.15,c=13//Bragg's reflection are obtained at these angles (in degrees)
+d=w/(2*sind(a))//value of d/n in first case (in A)
+d1=w/(2*sind(b))//value of d/n in second case (in A)
+d2=w/(2*sind(c))//value of d/n in third case (in A)
+printf('value of d/n in first case= %.3f A\n',d)
+printf('value of d/n in second case=%.3f A\n',d1)
+printf('value of d/n in third case=%.3f A\n',d2)
+printf('it is clear from all the cases that the values of d/n (d,d1,d2) in first case is almost twice that of third case.\nThis shows that angles 6.45 degrees and 13 degrees represent the 1st and 2nd order reflection maxima from one set of parallel planes.\nTherefore spacing can be obtained by putting n=1 in 1st case or n=2 in 3rd case \n')
+n1=1
+n3=2
+d3=(d)*n1//interplanar spacing of the crystal
+printf('\n therefore interplanar spacing of the crystal = %.3f A',d3) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.7/prob_7.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.7/prob_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b053ce769
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.7/prob_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+//Problem 7
+//Calculation of various orders in which Bragg's reflection takes place
+clear
+clc
+w=1.5//wavelength of monochromatic X-rays in A
+d=1.61//interplanar spacing in A
+a=1,b=2,c=3//a=1 for 1st order b=2 for 2nd order and c=3 for 3rd order
+x=asind((a*w)/(2*d))//angle of reflection in 1st order in degrees
+y=asind((b*w)/(2*d))//angle of reflection in 2nd order in degrees
+Q=(c*w)/(2*d)//Q is the sine of angle of reflection in 3rd order
+printf('angle of reflection in 1st order = %.3f degrees\n',x)
+printf('angle of reflection in 2nd order = %.3f degrees\n',y)
+printf('sine of angle of reflection in 3rd order = %.3f \n',Q)
+printf('now z(angle of reflection in 3rd order ) > 90 degrees therefore there is no third order maxima \n hence 1st and 2nd order maxima would be possible') \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH3/EX3.8/prob_8.sce b/1865/CH3/EX3.8/prob_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b2d74426f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH3/EX3.8/prob_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 8
+//calculate the wavelength of X-rays used
+clear
+clc
+d=2.81//interplanar spacing in A
+n=1//order of beam
+x=10//angle of first order beam with the incident beam
+y=x/2//angle of incident
+w=2*d*sind(y)// wavelength of X-rays used in A
+printf('wavelength of X-rays used = %.2f A',w) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.1/prob_1.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.1/prob_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..733be1827
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.1/prob_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+//Problem 1
+//Calculate the coherent length for white light
+clear
+clc
+w1=400//initial wavelength of white light (in nm)
+w2=700//final wavelength of white light (in nm)
+dw=w2-w1;//difference between wavelengths
+aw=(w1+w2)/2;// average wavelength (in nm)
+l=((aw)^2/dw);//coherent length for white light (in nm)
+printf('del w = %.9f m\n',dw*(10)^(-9))
+printf('average wavelength= %.9f m \n\n',aw*(10)^(-9))
+printf('coherent length=%.6f m\n\n\n',l*(10)^(-9))
+printf('here coherent length is of the order of one micro meter.\n which is very very small and obtaining a path difference\n of this order between the interfering beam is difficult.\n that is why interference with white light is impossible.') \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.2/prob_2.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.2/prob_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6bf75e8b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.2/prob_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 2
+//Calculate the coherent time
+clear
+clc
+printf('The length of the wave train is equal to the coherent length\n')
+w=660//wavelength of light (in nm)
+l=13.2*(10)^(-6)//coherent length (in m)
+c=3*(10)^(8)//speed of light (in m/s)
+t=l/c//coherent time (in sec)
+printf('coherent time= %.16f sec',t) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.3/prob_3.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.3/prob_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..79b8eb80f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.3/prob_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+//Problem 3
+//Calculate the number of oscillations corresponding to the coherence length and the coherence time
+clear
+clc
+L=2.945*(10)^(-2)//length for NA light (in m)
+w=5890//wavelength of NA light (in A)
+c=3*(10)^8//speed of light
+n=L/(w*(10)^(-10))//number of oscillations in length L
+t=L/c//coherence time
+printf('number of oscillations in length L = %.4f\n',n)
+printf('coherence time = %.13f sec',t) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.5/prob_5.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.5/prob_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6e5ce54ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.5/prob_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+//Problem 5
+//Calculate the (1) the line frequency, (2) the bandwidth, (3) the coherence length
+clear
+clc
+w=6058//wavelength (in A)
+dw=0.00550//Doppler width (in A)
+c=3*(10)^8//speed of light
+f=c/(w*(10)^(-10))//the line frequency (in Hz)
+df=(dw*f)/w//bandwidth (in Hz)
+l=c/df//coherence length (in m)
+printf('line frequency = %.f Hz \n',f)
+printf('bandwidth = %.f Hz\n',df)
+printf(' coherence length = %.f m' , l) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.6/prob_6.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.6/prob_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b896b16b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.6/prob_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+//Problem 6
+//Calculate the temporal coherence length for mercury vapour lamp
+clear
+clc
+w=546.1//wavelength (in nm)
+dv=6*(10)^8//emission bandwidth (in Hz)
+c=3*(10)^8//speed of light (in m/s)
+dw=((w*(10)^(-9))^2*(dv))/c;//dw (in m)
+l=(w*(10)^(-9))^2/dw// temporal length (in m)
+printf('temporal length = %.2f m ',l) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH4/EX4.7/prob_7.sce b/1865/CH4/EX4.7/prob_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e3c4efeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH4/EX4.7/prob_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+//Problem 7
+//Calculate the spatial coherence length at some distance from the source
+clear
+clc
+w=10//wavelength by plasma produced by laser (in nm)
+a=100//diameter of the ball that plasma consisting in micro meter
+D=0.5//distance from the source in m
+l=(w*D*10^(-9))/(a*10^(-6))// spatial coherence length at distance D from the source in m
+printf('spatial coherence length at distance D from the source = %.7f m',l) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/1865/CH6/EX6.1/prob_1.sce b/1865/CH6/EX6.1/prob_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c20b3ddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1865/CH6/EX6.1/prob_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+//Problem 1
+//Calculate the fringe shift
+clear
+clc
+l=10// Optical path of each beam in m
+w=550// wavwlength of light used in nm
+v= 10^(-4)// ratio of velocity of beam and velocity of light
+f=(2*l*(v^2))/(w*10^(-9))// fringe shift
+printf('fringe shift = %.2f ',f) \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-19 18:20:09 +0000