diff options
Diffstat (limited to '1694/CH2')
43 files changed, 653 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2145bc5a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.1\n");
+//page no.-55
+//given
+h=6.60*10^-34;...........//planck's constant in J-s
+m=1.674*10^-27;.........//mass of neutron in Kg
+lambda=10^-10;...........//wavelength in m
+e=1.6*10^-19;.............//charge
+//We know lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E)
+
+E=(h^2)/(2*m*lambda^2*e)............//energy of neutron in eV
+//to convert into eV divide by e,1.6*10^-19
+
+printf("\nenergy of neutron is 8.12*10^-2 eV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.10/EX2_10.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.10/EX2_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de5aa3556 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.10/EX2_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.10\n");
+//page no.-58
+//given
+h=6.60*10^-34;...................//planck's constant
+m=1.67*10^-27;..................//mass of neutron i kg
+T=300;..........................//temperature in kelvin
+k=1.376*10^-23;................//boltzmann constant in joule/degree
+//As E=k*T, put in lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E)
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*k*T)..................//wavelength in angstrom
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 1.777 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.11/EX2_11.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.11/EX2_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9a2513f4f --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.11/EX2_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.11\n");
+//page no.-58
+//given
+lambda=10^-8;................//wavelength in cm
+h=6.62*10^-27;...................//planck's constant
+c=3*10^10;.......................//velocity of light in cm/sec
+e=1.6*10^-12;...................//charge in ergs
+//as lambda=h/p, p=momentum
+
+p=h/lambda................//momentum in erg-sec/cm
+
+E=p*c/e....................//energy in eV
+
+printf("\nenergy of gamma ray photon is 1.24*10^4 eV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.12/EX2_12.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.12/EX2_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3fddf48d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.12/EX2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.12\n");
+//page no.-59
+//given
+V=2000;.................//potential diff. in volt
+m=6.576*10^-24;........//mass of alpha particle in gm
+h=6.62*10^-27;..........//planck's constant
+e=4.8*10^-10;..........//charge
+
+lambda=h*sqrt(150/(2*m*e*V)).............//wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nde-Broglie wavelength is 2.3*10^-11 cm\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.13/EX2_13.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.13/EX2_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a96f188bb --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.13/EX2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.13\n");
+//page no.-63
+//given
+v=500;..............//speed of e in m/s
+m=9.11*10^-31;......//mass of e
+del_v=0.0001;........//change in velocity
+h=6.625*10^-34;......//planck's constant
+p=m*v;.................//momentum
+del_p=p*del_v;..........//change in momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+del_x=h/(2*%pi*del_p)...............//uncertainty in position in m
+
+printf("\nminimum uncertainty in position is 2.318 mm\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.14/EX2_14.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.14/EX2_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..767807ac5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.14/EX2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.14\n");
+//page no.-63
+//given
+v=600;..............//speed of e in m/s
+m=9.1*10^-31;......//mass of e
+del_v=5*10^-5;........//change in velocity
+h=6.625*10^-34;......//planck's constant
+p=m*v;.................//momentum
+del_p=p*del_v;..........//change in momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+del_x=h/(del_p)...............//uncertainty in position in m
+
+printf("\nminimum uncertainty in position is 0.024 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.15/EX2_15.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.15/EX2_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..166b64018 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.15/EX2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.15\n");
+//page no.-63
+//given
+m=9.11*10^-31;.............//mass of e in kg
+E=1.6*10^-15;..............//energy in joule
+h=6.625*10^-34;.............//planck's constant
+d=5.5*10^-11;...............//interplanar spacing in m
+//we knoe , E=m*v^2/2
+
+v=sqrt((2*E)/m);..........//velocity in m/s
+//By debroglie relationship
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E)...........//wavelength in m
+
+//By bragg's eq. 2*d*sind(theta)=n*lambda
+//n=1, for first order
+theta=asind(lambda/(2*d))..............//angle of deviation
+
+printf("\nangle of deviation is 6.4 degree\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.16/EX2_16.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.16/EX2_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14635ddb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.16/EX2_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.16\n");
+//page no.-64
+//given
+m=9.11*10^-31;.............//mass of e in kg
+E=1.6*10^-19;..............//energy in joule
+h=6.625*10^-34;.............//planck's constant
+//we knoe , E=m*v^2/2
+
+v=sqrt((2*E)/m);..........//velocity in m/s
+//By debroglie relationship
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E)...........//wavelength in m
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 12.3 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.17/EX2_17.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.17/EX2_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..41f728d58 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.17/EX2_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.17\n");
+//page no.-65
+//given
+p=2.2*10^-24;.................//momentum in kg*m/s
+m=9.1*10^-31;................//mass of electron in kg
+e=1.6*10^-19;................//charge
+_h=1.054*10^-34;...............//planck constant
+del_t=10^-8;..................//change in time in sec
+h=6.62*10^-34;..................//planck's constant
+
+del_E=_h/del_t..............//energy in joule
+
+del_v=del_E/h................//uncertainty in frequency in Hz
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in frequency is 1.6*10^7 Hz\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.18/EX2_18.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.18/EX2_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e77f3198b --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.18/EX2_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.18\n");
+//page no.-65
+//given
+del_x=4*10^-10;...............//uncertainty in position of electron
+h=6.6*10^-34;................//planck's constant
+
+del_p=h/del_x................//uncertainty in momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in momentum is 1.6*10^-24 kg*m/sec\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.19/EX2_19.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.19/EX2_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..45b0714a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.19/EX2_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.19\n");
+//page no.-65
+//given
+del_x=10^-9;...............//uncertainty in position of electron in m
+h=6.6*10^-34;................//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=9*10^-31;....................//mass of e in kg
+
+del_p=h/del_x...............//uncertainty in momentum in kg*m/sec
+//as p=m*v
+
+del_v=del_p/m................//uncertainty in velocity in m/s
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in velocity is 7.3*10^5 m/s\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d96b3d17a --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.2\n");
+//page no.-55
+//given
+h=6.625*10^-34;...........//planck's constant in J-s
+m=1.675*10^-27;.........//mass of neutron in Kg
+E=1.6*10^-5;.............//kinetic energy of neutron
+//we knoe , E=m*v^2/2
+
+v=sqrt((2*E)/m);..........//velocity in m/s
+//By debroglie relationship
+
+lambda=h/(m*v)...............//De-Broglie wavelength in m
+
+printf("\nDe-Broglie wavelength is 2.86*10^-15 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.20/EX2_20.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.20/EX2_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..153479af5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.20/EX2_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.20\n");
+//page no.-66
+//given
+d=10^-14;..................//width of special line in m
+lambda=6*10^-7;.............//wavelength in m
+c=3*10^8;....................//speed of light in m/s
+
+//as E=(h*c*d)/lambda^2, put in uncertainty relation ,E*t=h/2*%pi
+
+t=lambda^2/(2*%pi*c*d).................//time required in sec
+
+printf("\ntime required is 1.9*10^-8 sec\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.22/EX2_22.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.22/EX2_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cdff4f5bb --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.22/EX2_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.22\n");
+//page no.-66
+//given
+del_x=5*10^-14;...............//uncertainty in position in m
+h=6.626*10^-34;...............//planck's constant in jouls-sec
+m=1.675*10^-27;...............//mass of neutron
+e=1.6*10^-19;.................//cxharge
+
+del_p=h/del_x...............//uncertainty in momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+E=del_p^2/(2*m*e)..............//kinetic energy in meV
+
+printf("\nminimum Kinetic energy is 0.33 meV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.23/EX2_23.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.23/EX2_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8310182cc --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.23/EX2_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.23\n");
+//page no.-69
+//given
+h=6.62*10^-34;..............//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=1.67*10^-27;..............//mass of proton
+c=3*10^8;..................//speed of light in m/s
+E=46.08*10^-19;...........//energy in joule
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E).........//wavelength in m
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 0.05336 angstrom \n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.24/EX2_24.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.24/EX2_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3543a5ed8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.24/EX2_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.24\n");
+//page no.-69
+//given
+h=6.62*10^-34;..............//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=1.67*10^-27;..............//mass of proton
+c=3*10^8;..................//speed of light in m/s
+v=c/20;...................//velocity of proton
+
+lambda=h/(m*v)............//wavelength in m
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 2.643*10^-14 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.26/EX2_26.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.26/EX2_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..390e4f1ab --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.26/EX2_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.26\n");
+//page no.-70
+//given
+_m=9.1*10^-31;...............//rest mass of e
+lambda=5896*10^-10;..........//wavelength in m
+h=6.63*10^-34;..............//planck's constant in J-sec
+
+E=h^2/(2*_m*lambda^2)............//kinetic energy in joule
+
+printf("\nkinetic energy is 6.95*10^-25 joule\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.27/EX2_27.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.27/EX2_27.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b6d912a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.27/EX2_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.27\n");
+//page no.-71
+//given
+h=6.63*10^-34;..............//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=1.67*10^-27;..............//mass of proton
+E=1.6*10^-19;...........//energy in joule
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E).........//wavelength in m
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 0.287 angstrom \n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.29/EX2_29.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.29/EX2_29.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..467006650 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.29/EX2_29.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.29\n");
+//page no.-72
+//given
+v=1.05*10^4;..............//speed of e in m/s
+m=9*10^-31;......//mass of e
+h=6.62*10^-34;......//planck's constant
+del_v=0.0001;........//change in velocity
+
+p=m*v;.................//momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+del_p=p*del_v..........//change in momentum in kg*m/sec
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
+
+del_x=h/(2*%pi*del_p)...............//uncertainty in position in m
+
+printf("\nminimum uncertainty in position is 1.115*10^4 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..39e7ce1e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.3\n");
+//page no.-55
+//given
+h=6.65*10^-27;...............//planck constant in ergs-sec
+m=9*10^-28;..................//mass of e
+e=4.8*10^-10;...............//charge in e.s.u.
+V=1250;.....................//potential difference in V
+//By debroglie relationship, lambda=h/m*v
+
+lambda=h*sqrt(150/(m*e*V)).............//resolving power in cm
+
+printf("\nresolving power of microscope is 0.351 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.30/EX2_30.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.30/EX2_30.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..019da963f --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.30/EX2_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.30\n");
+//page no.-72
+//given
+del_x=1.1*10^-8;...............//uncertainty in position of electron in m
+h=1.05*10^-34;................//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=9*10^-31;....................//mass of e in kg
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle,
+
+del_v=h/(m*del_x)................//uncertainty in velocity in m/s
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in velocity is 1.06*10^4 m/s\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.31/EX2_31.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.31/EX2_31.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b83fd0cd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.31/EX2_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.31\n");
+//page no.-72
+//given
+h=6.62*10^-34;................//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=9*10^-31;....................//mass of e in kg
+v=3*10^7;......................//velocity in m/sec
+c=3*10^8;......................//speed of light in m/s
+
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle,
+
+del_x=(h*sqrt(1-(v^2/c^2)))/(2*%pi*m*v).........//uncertainty in position in m
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in position of electron is 0.0388 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.32/EX2_32.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.32/EX2_32.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..024c5d58f --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.32/EX2_32.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.32\n");
+//page no.-72
+//given
+v=5000;..............//speed of e in m/s
+m=9*10^-31;......//mass of e
+del_v=0.00003;........//change in velocity
+h=6.63*10^-34;......//planck's constant
+
+p=m*v;.................//momentum
+
+del_p=p*del_v;..........//change in momentum in kg*m/sec
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle,
+del_x=h/(2*%pi*del_p)...............//uncertainty in position in m
+
+printf("\nminimum uncertainty in position is 7.82*10^4 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.33/EX2_33.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.33/EX2_33.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca91cf173 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.33/EX2_33.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.33\n");
+//page no.-73
+//given
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, E*t=h, also E=h*nu
+
+t=10^-8;.................//time required in sec
+
+del_nu=1/(2*%pi*t)...........//uncertainty in frequency in per sec
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in frequency is 15.92*10^6 per sec\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.34/EX2_34.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.34/EX2_34.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..358d81cb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.34/EX2_34.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.34\n");
+//page no.-73
+//given
+h=6.63*10^-34;............//planck's constant in J-sec
+t=2.5*10^-14;.............//time required in sec
+
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, E*t=h
+
+del_E=h/(2*%pi*t).............//error in energy in joule
+
+printf("\nminimum error in energy is 4.22*10^-21 joule\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.35/EX2_35.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.35/EX2_35.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..47e45b9c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.35/EX2_35.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.35\n");
+//page no.-73
+//given
+del_x=0.01*10^-2;...............//uncertainty in position of electron in m
+h=6.62*10^-34;................//planck's constant in joule-sec
+m=9*10^-31;....................//mass of e in kg
+x=5*10^-10;....................//diameter of nucleus in m
+//By Heisenberg's uncertainty principle,
+
+del_p=h/(2*%pi*del_x)...........//uncertainty in momentum in kg*m/sec
+
+del_v=h/(2*%pi*m*x).............//uncertainty in velocity in m/sec
+
+printf("\nuncertainty in momentum is 1.054*10^-30 kg*m/sec and in velocity is 2.34*10^5 m/sec\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.36/EX2_36.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.36/EX2_36.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c552b856 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.36/EX2_36.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.36\n");
+//page no.-84
+//given
+theta=45;................//angle in degrees
+_lambda=0.022*10^-10;.....//wavelength in m
+h=6.6*10^-34;..........//planck's constant in J-sec
+m=9.1*10^-31;.........//mass of electron
+c=3*10^8;..............//speed of light in m/s
+//acc. to compton exp.,_lambda-lambda=(h*(1-cosd(theta)))/m*c
+
+lambda=_lambda-((h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c)).........//wavelength in angstrom
+
+printf("\nwavelength of incident X-rays is 0.015 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.39/EX2_39.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.39/EX2_39.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6737c02ee --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.39/EX2_39.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.39\n");
+//page no.-86
+//given
+E=1.02*10^6;...............//energy in eV
+theta=90;................//angle in degrees
+h=6.6*10^-34;..........//planck's constant in J-sec
+m=9.1*10^-31;.........//mass of electron
+c=3*10^8;..............//speed of light in m/s
+e=1.6*10^-19;..........//charge
+//acc. to compton exp.,_lambda-lambda=(h*(1-cosd(theta)))/m*c
+
+del_lambda=((h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c)).........//change in wavelength in m
+
+del_nu=c/del_lambda................//changein frequency of photon
+
+del_E=h*del_nu/e....................//change in energy of photon in eV
+
+Eo=E-del_E.......................//energy of photon after interaction in eV
+
+printf("\nEnergy of photon after interaction is 0.51 Mev\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fe2c0c3fa --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.4\n");
+//page no.-56
+//given
+V=100;..............//potential diff. in Volt
+
+lambda=12.25/sqrt(V).............//wavelength in angstrom
+
+printf("\nde-Broglie wavelength is 1.225 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.40/EX2_40.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.40/EX2_40.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..87f269ab5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.40/EX2_40.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.40\n");
+//page no.-86
+//given
+h=6.62*10^-27;..........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+m=9.11*10^-28;.........//mass of electron in gm
+e=4.803*10^-10;...........//charge
+V=1/3;..................//potential difference in e.s.u.
+//AS V*e=m*v^2/2, put into lambda=h/m*v
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*V*e*m)..........//wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 1.226*10^8 cm\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.41/EX2_41.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.41/EX2_41.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b7b10c1ae --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.41/EX2_41.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.41\n");
+//page no.-87
+//given
+h=6.6*10^-34;..........//planck's constant in J-sec
+m=9*10^-31;.........//mass of electron in kg
+w=6.4*10^-19;.........//work function in joule
+nu=10^15;.............//frequency in hertz
+
+v=sqrt((2*(h*nu-w))/m)............//velocity in m/sec
+
+printf("\nvelocity of photoelectrons is 2.108*10^5 m/sec\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.42/EX2_42.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.42/EX2_42.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..345e136bf --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.42/EX2_42.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.42\n");
+//page no.-87
+//given
+theta=90;................//angle in degrees
+h=6.62*10^-34;..........//planck's constant in J-sec
+m=9.1*10^-31;.........//mass of electron
+c=3*10^8;..............//speed of light in m/s
+e=1.6*10^-19;..........//charge
+lambda=10^-10;........//wavelength in m
+//acc. to compton exp.,_lambda-lambda=(h*(1-cosd(theta)))/m*c
+
+del_lambda=((h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c)).........//compton shift in m
+
+K=(h*c*del_lambda)/(lambda*(lambda+del_lambda))......//energy in joule
+
+printf("\nKinetic energy of recoil electron is 4.72*10^-17 joule\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.43/EX2_43.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.43/EX2_43.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4b23c3ed0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.43/EX2_43.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.43\n");
+//page no.-88
+//given
+h=6.624*10^-27;..........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+m=9.1*10^-28;.........//mass of electron in kg
+w=3.2*10^-12;.........//work function in joule
+c=3*10^10;...........//speed of light in cm/sec
+lambda=3600*10^-8;...//wavelength in m
+e=1.6*10^-12;.........//charge in ergs
+
+lambda_o=(h*c)/w;..........//threshold wavelength in cm
+
+vo=c/lambda_o;........//threshold frequency in m/s
+
+v=c/lambda;..........//frequency
+
+E=((v-vo)*h)/e.................//energy in eV
+
+printf("\nkinetic energy is 1.45 eV\n");
+
+printf("\nso stopping potential is 1.45 eV\n");
+
+v=sqrt((2*E*e)/m)............//velocity of electron in cm/sec
+
+printf("\nVelocity of electron is 7.1*10^7 cm/sec\n");
+
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.44/EX2_44.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.44/EX2_44.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7a3cfc5d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.44/EX2_44.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.44\n");
+//page no.-89
+//given
+lambda_o=2300*10^-8;..........//threshold wavelength in cm
+lambda=1800*10^-8;............//wavelength in cm
+c=3*10^10;...........//speed of light in cm/sec
+e=1.6*10^-12;.........//charge in ergs
+
+vo=c/lambda_o;........//threshold frequency in m/s
+
+v=c/lambda;..........//frequency
+E=((v-vo)*h)/e.................//energy in eV
+
+printf("\nkinetic energy is 1.52 eV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.45/EX2_45.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.45/EX2_45.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0dafdd816 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.45/EX2_45.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.45\n");
+//page no.-90
+//given
+E=1.56;...............//energy of e ejected in eV
+lambda_o=2500*10^-8;..........//threshold wavelength in cm
+c=3*10^10;...........//speed of light in cm/sec
+e=1.6*10^-12;.........//charge in ergs
+h=6.62*10^-27;........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+
+vo=c/lambda_o........//threshold frequency in m/s
+
+Eo=h*vo/e................//energy in eV
+
+TE=Eo+E..............//total energy
+//we know ,E=h*c/lambda
+
+lambda=((h*c)/(TE*e))..........//wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nwavelength of incident light is 1.9*10^-5 cm\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.46/EX2_46.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.46/EX2_46.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a1903024d --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.46/EX2_46.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.46\n");
+//page no.-90
+//given
+w=10.08*10^-12;...........//work function in ergs
+h=6.624*10^-27;...........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+c=3*10^10;................//speed of light in cm/sec
+
+lambda_o=h*c/w............//threshold wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nthreshold wavelength is 1972 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.47/EX2_47.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.47/EX2_47.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3971e10fa --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.47/EX2_47.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.47\n");
+//page no.-91
+//given
+lambda_o=6800*10^-8;..........//threshold wavelength in cm
+c=3*10^10;...........//speed of light in cm/sec
+e=1.6*10^-12;.........//charge in ergs
+h=6.62*10^-27;........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+
+vo=c/lambda_o........//threshold frequency in m/s
+
+w=h*vo/e.............//work function in eV
+
+printf("\nwork function is 1.825 eV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.48/EX2_48.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.48/EX2_48.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c1d9f6eb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.48/EX2_48.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.48\n");
+//page no.-91
+//given
+lambda=5.4*10^-5;.............//wavelength in cm
+c=3*10^10;..................//speed of light in cm/sec
+h=6.62*10^-27;........//planck's constant in ergs-sec
+e=1.6*10^-12;.........//charge in ergs
+w=1.2;.........//work function in eV
+eo=4.8*10^-10;.........//charge in e.s.u.
+
+E=(h*c)/(lambda*e).............//energy of one quantum of light in eV
+
+//AS V*e=E-w
+
+V=((E-w)*e*300)/eo...................//potential diff. in volts
+
+printf("\nretarding potential is 1.09 volts\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6b001835f --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.5\n");
+//page no.-56
+//given
+h=6.67*10^-27;...............//planck constant in ergs-sec
+m=9*10^-28;..................//mass of e
+e=4.8*10^-10;...............//charge in e.s.u.
+lambda=0.5*10^-8;..........//wavelength in m
+//we know, lambda=h*sqrt(150/(m*e*V))
+
+V=((h^2*150)/(m*e*lambda^2)).............//acc. voltage in volts
+
+printf("\nAccelerating Voltage is 617.9 volts\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.6/EX2_6.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.6/EX2_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1267fe31b --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.6/EX2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.6\n");
+//page no.-56
+//given
+lamda=3*10^-2;...........//wavelength in m
+h=6.62*10^-34;...............//planck constant in Joule-sec
+m=9.1*10^-31;..................//mass of e in kg
+e=1.6*10^-19;...............//charge
+
+E=(h^2)/(2*m*(lambda^2)*e)..............//energy in eV
+
+printf("\nEnergy is 0.06 eV\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.7/EX2_7.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.7/EX2_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..55433e6c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.7/EX2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.7\n");
+//page no.-57
+//given
+h=6.6*10^-34;...............//planck constant in Joule-sec
+m=9.1*10^-31;..................//mass of e in kg
+c=3*10^8;....................//speed in m/sec
+
+lambda=h/(m*c)................//wavelength in angstrom
+
+printf("\nwavelength of quantum of energy is 0.0244 angstrom\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.8/EX2_8.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.8/EX2_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ba3e0815 --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.8/EX2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.7\n");
+//page no.-57
+//given
+m=1.66*10^-24;..........//mass of proton in gm
+e=4.8*10^-10;.............//charge in e.s.u.
+h=6.62*10^-27;.............//planck's constant in erg-sec
+E=1.6*10^-7;.............//energy in ergs
+//we knoe , E=m*v^2/2
+
+v=sqrt((2*E)/m);..........//velocity in m/s
+//By debroglie relationship
+
+lambda=h/sqrt(2*m*E)...........//wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nwavelength is 9.08*10^-14 m\n");
diff --git a/1694/CH2/EX2.9/EX2_9.sce b/1694/CH2/EX2.9/EX2_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bf74e32ff --- /dev/null +++ b/1694/CH2/EX2.9/EX2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clear;
+clc;
+printf("\nEx2.9\n");
+//page no.-58
+//given
+m=9.1*10^-28;..........//mass of electron in gm
+e=4.8*10^-10;.............//charge in e.s.u.
+h=6.62*10^-27;.............//planck's constant in erg-sec
+V=28.8;....................//potential diff. in volt
+
+lambda=h*sqrt(150/(m*e*V)).............//wavelength in cm
+
+printf("\nde-Broglie wavelength is 2.3 angstrom\n");
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