diff options
Diffstat (limited to '1409')
68 files changed, 1120 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1409/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce b/1409/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e6f78b5f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:1-21
+//Example-1.1
+//Given bandwidth of each message is 4kHz, number of quantum levels are 256 and pulse allocation width of 0.625 micro sec
+//Let no of quantum levels be Q
+//Number of pulses used in one group is denoted by P
+Q=256;
+P=log2(Q);
+//Let time for each pulse group be T
+//Let pulse duration is denoted by d
+d=0.625;
+T=d*P;
+//Let sampling frequency be S
+fm=4;
+S=2*fm;
+//Time period between two samples be t
+t=(1*10^3)/S;
+//Total number of messages be tot
+tot=t/T;
+disp(P,'Number of pulses used in one group=');
+disp(+'micro sec',T,'Time for each pulse group=');
+disp(+'kHz',S,'Sampling frequency=');
+disp(+'micro sec',t,'Time period between two samples=');
+disp(tot,'Total number of messages which can be transmitted=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cedc95b5a --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+//page 2-5
+//Example 2.1
+//The value of inductor is 40*10^(-6) Henry and the value of capacitor is 12*10^(-9) Farad. Given frequency is 5*10^3 Hz
+L=40*10^(-6);
+C=12*10^(-9);
+fm=5000;
+fc=1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C));
+disp(+'kHz',fc/10^3,'fc=');
+disp(+'kHz',(fc+fm)/10^3,'Upper Sideband frequency is ');
+disp(+'kHz',(fc-fm)/10^3,'Loweer Sideband frequency is ');
+fusb=234.72037;
+flsb=224.72037;
+disp(+'kHz',fusb-flsb,'Bandwidth is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9e034b369 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-26
+//Example-2.11
+//Given radiated power is 50kW
+Pc=50;
+u=0.85;
+ptotal=Pc*(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'kW',ptotal,'Radiated power is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..903043dfe --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-26
+//Example-2.12
+//Given modulation percentage is 75 and power is 10kW
+//we know that ptotal=pc*(1+(u^2/2))
+ptotal=10;
+u=0.75;
+pc=ptotal/(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'kW',pc,'Carrier power is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..494cc973a --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-26
+//Example-2.13
+//Goven carrier frequency is 1000kHz
+fc=1000000;
+fm1=300;
+fm2=800;
+fm3=1000;
+fusb1=(fc+fm1)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',fusb1,'fusb1 is ');
+flsb1=(fc-fm1)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',flsb1,'flsb1 is ');
+fusb2=(fc+fm2)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',fusb2,'fusb2 is ');
+flsb2=(fc-fm2)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',flsb2,'flsb2 is ');
+fusb3=(fc+fm3)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',fusb3,'fusb3 is ');
+flsb3=(fc-fm3)/1000;
+disp(+'kHz',flsb3,'flsb3 is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b2de0d29a --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-27
+//Example:2.14
+//Given carrier power is 360W and two modulation percentages are 55 and 65
+u1=0.55;
+u2=0.65;
+ut=sqrt(u1^2+u2^2);
+disp(ut,'ut=');
+pc=300;
+Ut=0.85;
+Psb=(pc*[Ut^2])/2;
+disp(+'W',Psb,'Total sideband power is');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e7f1ff55 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-27
+//Exmaple-2.15
+//Given modulation index is 0.5 and antenna current is 12A
+u=0.5;
+It=12;
+Ic=It/sqrt(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'A',Ic,'Ic=');
+U=0.9;
+Ic=11.31;
+It=Ic*sqrt(1+(U^2/2));
+disp(+'A',It,'Antenna current is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..108f633ec --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-28
+//Example-2.16
+//Given output current of 60% modulated wave is 1.5A.
+It=1.5;
+u=0.6;
+Ic=It/sqrt(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'A',Ic,'Ic=' );
+u1=0.6;
+u2=0.7;
+ut=sqrt(u1^2+u2^2);
+disp(ut,'ut=' );
+//Now current rise with modulation index 0.922 is calculated
+u3=0.922;
+Ic1=1.38;
+It=Ic1*sqrt(1+(u3^2/2));
+disp(+'A',It,'It=' );
+//Ptotal=Pc+(Pc*u^2/4)+(Pc*u^2/4);
+//Perceentage of power saving is to be calculated if the carrisideband and one of the sideband are suppressed
+//P=(Pc+(Pc*u3^2/4))/(Pc+(Pc*u3^2/4)+(Pc*u3^2/4))*100;
+P=(1+(u3^2/4))/(1+(u3^2/4)+(u3^2/4))*100;
+disp(+'%', P, 'Percentage Power Saving=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5fdcb1ee2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//Page No:2-30
+//Example-2.18
+//Given maximum amplitude value is 15V and minimum value is 5V
+Amax=15;
+Amin=5;
+u=(Amax-Amin)/(Amax+Amin);
+disp(u,'u=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30b72cebd --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-30
+//Example-2.19
+//Given modulation index increases by 20%
+//we know that u=sqrt(2*[(It/Ic)^2-1])
+//Let It/Ic denoted as I
+I=1.2;
+u=sqrt(2*[(I)^2-1]);
+disp(u,'u=' );
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a830ec4ba --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-31
+//Example-2.20
+L1=5;
+L2=2;
+u=(L1-L2)/(L1+L2);
+disp(u,'u= ');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ccc759bb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-31
+//Example-2.21
+//Given antenna current is 12A when only carrier is sent. It is increased to 15A when carrier is modulated by 1kHz sine wave
+It=15;
+Ic=12;
+u=sqrt(2*[(It/Ic)^2-1]);
+disp(u,'u=');
+u1=u*100;
+disp(+'%',u1,'i.e');
+u2=0.7;
+Itot=Ic*sqrt(1+(u2^2/2));
+disp(+'Amp',Itot,'It=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c823ecbf --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-31
+//Example-2.22
+//There are two antennas, therefore power delivered by each antenna is Pt=I^2*R
+//Pt'=I^2'*R and Pt'=Pt/2
+//I^2*R/2=I^2'*R
+//I^2'=I^2/2=2
+//I'=sqrt(2)A
+//Let I' is denoted by I1
+//Total current required for two antennas is given as
+I1=sqrt(2);
+Itotal=I1*2;
+Itot=2;
+u=0.6;
+//Itot=Ic*sqrt(1+(u^2/2))
+Ic=Itot/sqrt(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(Ic,'Ic=');
+//Keeping Ic constant we calculate modulation index to get Itotal=2*sqrt(2)
+u1=sqrt([(Itotal/Ic)^2-1]*2);
+disp(u1,'u=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f37400518 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clc;
+//Page No:2-32
+//Exmaple-2.23
+//Power required for double sideband with full carrier (AM wave) transmission is given by
+//PDSBFC=Pc*(1+(u^2/2))
+//for u=1
+//Lets assume Pc=1
+Pc=1;
+u=1;
+PDSBFC=1.5*Pc;
+//Power required for single suppressed carrier transmission is given by PSSB=(Pc*u^2)/4
+//for u=1
+PSSB=0.25*Pc;
+Psaving=([PDSBFC-PSSB]/PDSBFC)*100;
+disp(+'%',Psaving,'% Power saving when u=1 is');
+//for u=0.5
+u1=0.5;
+//PDSBFC=Pc*[1+(0.25/2)]
+PDSBFC1=1.125*Pc;
+PSSB1=0.0625*Pc;
+Psaving1=([PDSBFC1-PSSB1]/PDSBFC1)*100;
+disp(+'%',Psaving1,'% Power saving when u=0.5 is');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2281e0fd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-33
+//Example:2.24
+//given fc+fm=6.854 MHz
+//fc-fm=6.824 MHz
+fc=13.678/2;
+disp(+'MHz',fc,'fc=');
+//Amplitude(sideband)=(u*Ac)/2;
+Amplitudesideband=50;
+u=0.4;
+Ac=(Amplitudesideband*2)/u;
+disp(+'V',Ac,'Ac=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e2da35ac --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-34
+//Example-2.26
+//Given carrier power=400W and modulation index=0.75
+Pc=400;
+u=0.75;
+PDSBFC=Pc*(1+(u^2/2));
+PDSBSC=(Pc*u^2)/2;
+PSSB=(Pc*u^2)/4;
+disp(+'W',PDSBFC,'PDSBFC=');
+disp(+'W',PDSBSC,'PDSBSC=');
+disp(+'W',PSSB,'PSSB=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.27/2_27.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.27/2_27.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..871e0357d --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.27/2_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-34
+//Example-2.27
+u=0.75;
+//PDSBFC=Pc*(1+(u^2/2))
+PDSBFC=Pc*(1+(u^2/2));
+PSSB=(Pc*u^2)/4;
+Psaving=((PDSBFC-PSSB)/PDSBFC)*100;
+disp(+'%',Psaving,'Percentage power saving=');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e2fdc81f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +clc;
+//page 2-10
+//Example 2.3
+//assume modulation index=0.2, given frequency signal is 10*sin(2*%pi*500*t) and given carrier signal is 50*sin(2*%pi*10^5)
+//Given
+wm=2*%pi*500;
+fm=500;
+wc=2*%pi*10^5;
+fc=100000
+disp(+'Hz',fc+fm,'Upper sideband frequency is ');
+disp(+'Hz',fc-fm,'Lower sideband frequency is ');
+Ec=50;
+mu=0.2;
+disp(+'V',(mu*Ec)/2,'Amplitude of upper and lower sidebands is ')
+fusb=100500;
+flsb=99500;
+disp(+'Hz',fusb-flsb, 'Bandwidth is ');
+//given load=600 ohms
+//from carrier signal we know that Ac=50
+Ac=50;
+R=600;
+ptotal=(Ac^2/(2*R))*(1+(mu^2/2));
+disp(+'watts',ptotal,'Total power delivered is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.30/2_30.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.30/2_30.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..538c88f3b --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.30/2_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-39
+//Example-2.30
+Am=20;
+Ac=50;
+u=0.75;
+fm=1;
+fc=50;
+//we know the equation for AM wave is Ac*[1+u*cos(2*%pi*t)]*cos(2*%pi*fc*t)
+disp("s(t)=50[1+0.75*cos(2*%pi*t)]*cos(2*%pi*50*t)");
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..346a87ebc --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no 2-11
+//example: 2.4
+//Given carrier power=400 watt and modulation depth as 80%
+u=0.8;
+Pc=400;
+ptotal=Pc*(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'watts',ptotal, 'Total power delivered is ')
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f2e1e31f --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc;
+//page no:2-12
+//Example 2.5
+//Given power= 20 kilowatts and modulation % =75
+Ptotal=20;
+u=0.75;
+ptotal=Pc*(1+(u^2/2));
+Pc=Ptotal/(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'kW',Pc,'Carrier Power is ');
+Pc=15.6;
+Psb=Pc*(u^2/4);
+disp(+'kW',Psb,'Sideband power is ');
+//As the power in both sidebands is equal
+disp(+'kW',Psb,'Upper Sideband power is ');
+disp(+'kW',Psb,'Lower Sideband power is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a972f55a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc;
+//page no: 2-14
+//Example-2.6
+//Given Total antenna current is 5A, and modulation index is 0.6
+Itotal=5;
+u=0.6;
+//Itotal=Ic*sqrt(1+(u^2/2));
+Ic=Itotal/sqrt(1+(u^2/2));
+disp(+'A',Ic,'Antenna current when only carrier is sent is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..080e5a75e --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no: 2.7
+//Example-2.7
+//Given that Itotal=1.15*Ic
+Itotal=1.15*Ic;
+u=sqrt(2*[(Itotal/Ic)^2-1]);
+disp(u,'Modulation index is ');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e420f749f --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//page no:2-17
+//Example:2.8
+clc;
+//given modulation indices are 0.6, 0.3 and 0.4
+u1=0.6;
+u2=0.3;
+u3=0.4;
+ut=sqrt(u1^2+u2^2+u3^2);
+disp(ut,'Total Modulation index is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce b/1409/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..95cea753d --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc;
+//Page no:2-17
+//Example-2.9
+//power is 10kW with carrier unmodulated and 11.8kW with carrier sinusoidally modulated
+ptotal=11.8;
+pc=10;
+u=sqrt(2*[(ptotal/pc)-1]);
+disp(u,'Modulation index is ');
+//with 30% modulation of another modulation signal
+u1=0.6;
+u2=0.3;
+ut=sqrt(u1^2+u2^2);
+disp(ut,'Total modulation index');
+//rounding ut to 0.67
+ut1=0.67;
+PTotal=pc*(1+(ut1^2/2));
+disp(+'kW',PTotal,'Total radiated power is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e72902fc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-18
+//Example 5.10
+//Given modulating voltage is 5V and frequency deviation constant is 1kHz/V
+amp=5;//Carrier amplitude in V
+fd=1;//in kHz/V
+fm=15;//in kHz
+Fd=fd*amp;//frequency deviation
+disp(+'kHz',Fd,'Frequency deviation is');
+beta1=Fd/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index is');
+//For beta1=0.333, from the table of bessel functions we have
+J0=0.96;
+J1=0.18;
+J2=0.02;//these values are for unmodulated carrier
+//Values for modulated carrier are
+j0=J0*amp;
+j1=J1*amp;
+j2=J2*amp;
+disp(j0,'J0=');
+disp(j1,'J1=');
+disp(j2,'J2=');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0bbe00182 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-22
+//Example 5.11
+//Given frequency deviation is 50kHz and maximum modulating frequency is 15kHz
+fd=50;//in kHz
+fm=15;//in kHz
+beta1=fd/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index=');
+//Using Carson's rule
+BW=2*(beta1+1)*fm;
+disp(+'kHz',BW,'Transmission bandwidth is');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6d11d4e1c --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-23
+//Example 5.12
+//Given s(t)=10*sin[(5.7*10^8*t)+5*sin(12*10^3*t)]
+//Comparing it with standard FM: s(t)= Ac(wc*t+beta*sin(wm*t))
+Ac=10;
+wc=5.7*10^8;
+wm=12*10^3;
+beta1=5;
+fc=(wc/(2*%pi))*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',fc,'Carrier frequency=');
+fm=(wm/(2*%pi))*10^(-3);
+disp(+'kHz',fm,'Modulating frequency=');
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index=');
+fd=beta1*fm;
+disp(+'kHz',fd,'Frequency deviation=');
+R=100;//in ohms
+p=[(Ac/sqrt(2))^2]/R;
+disp(+'W',p,'Power dissipated=');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.13/5_13.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.13/5_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dfe1d3e86 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.13/5_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-25
+//Example 5.13
+//Given frequency deviation is 10kHz at modulation frequency of 5kHz
+fd=10;//in kHz
+fm=5;//in kHz
+//At the output of first frequency doubler
+fd1=2*fd;
+disp(+'kHz',fd1,'Frequency deviation at the output of first frequency multiplier is');
+fd2=2*fd1;
+disp(+'kHz',fd2,'Frequency deviation at the output of second frequency multiplier is');
+beta1=fd2/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index is');
+//Separation between adjacent side frequencies is equal to the moulating frequency i.e. 5kHz
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5939e7593 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-51
+//Example 5.17
+//Given maximum value of frequency deviation is 75kHz and modulation frequency is 15kHz
+fd=75;//in kHz
+fm=15;//in kHz
+//Bandwidth using carson's rule
+beta1=fd/fm;
+Bw=2*(beta1+1)*fm;
+disp(+'kHz',Bw,'Bandwidth of FM signal is');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..73d14f3b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-11
+//Example 5.4
+//Given amplitude of the wave as 5V and frequency as 1kHz
+amp=5;
+fs=50;//frequency sensitivity
+fd=amp*fs;//frequency deviation
+disp(+'Hz',fd,'Frequency Deviation=');
+fm=1*10^3;//in Hz
+mod=fd/fm;
+disp(mod,'Modulation index=');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..426a0a020 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-11
+//Example 5.5
+//The modulating voltage of 2.5V produces frequency deviation of 5kHz
+f=500;//Modulation frequency in Hz
+f2=250;//in Hz
+fd=5;//in kHz
+amp=2.5;//in V
+kf=fd/amp;//frequency deviation constant in kHz/V
+disp(+'kHz/V',kf,'Frequency deviation constant is ');
+//modulating voltage is 7.5V
+amp1=7.5;//in V
+fd1=kf*amp1;//in kHz
+disp(+'kHz',fd1,'Frequency deviation produced when modulating voltage is 7.5V is ');
+//When modulating voltage is 10V
+amp2=10;//in V
+fd2=kf*amp2;
+disp(+'kHz',fd2,'Frequency deviation when modulating voltage is 10V is ');
+//Modulation index be denoted by beta
+beta1=(fd*10^3)/f;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index 1 is ');
+beta2=(fd1*10^3)/f;
+disp(beta2,'Modulation index 2 is ');
+beta3=(fd2*10^3)/f2;
+disp(beta3,'Modulation index 3 is');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f6651c15e --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-12
+//Example 5.6
+//Given carrier frequency is 93.2MHz and frequency of modulated wave is 5kHz and the frequency deviation is 40kHz
+fc=93.2*10^6;//in Hz
+fm=5*10^3;//in Hz
+fd=40*10^3;
+cs=2*fd*10^(-3);
+disp(+'kHz',cs,'Carrier swing is ');
+Hf=(fc+fd)*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',Hf,'The highest frequency reached is ');
+Lf=(fc-fd)*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',Lf,'The lowest frequency reached is ');
+beta1=fd/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index is');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ec311d521 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-13
+//Example 5.7
+//Given carrier frequency is 50.4MHz and th highest freuency reached is 50.405 MHZ
+Hf=50.405*10^6;//in Hz
+fc=50.4*10^6;
+fd=(Hf-fc)*10^(-3);//in kHz
+disp(+'kHz',fd,'Frequency deviation= ');
+Cs=2*fd;
+disp(+'kHz',Cs,'Carrier swing= ');
+Lf=[fc-(fd*10^(3))]*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',Lf,'Lowest frequency attained= ');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e01f1bbb --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-13
+//Example 5.8
+//Given carrier swing is 70kHz and frequency of modulating signal is 7kHz
+Cs=70;//in kHz
+fm=7;//in kHz
+//Carrier swing=2*frequency deviation
+fd=Cs/2;
+disp(+'kHz',fd,'Frequency deviation is');
+beta1=fd/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index is');
diff --git a/1409/CH5/EX5.9/5_9.sce b/1409/CH5/EX5.9/5_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b2ffede7d --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH5/EX5.9/5_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc;
+//page no 5-13
+//Example 5.9
+//Given maximum and minimum frequency as 99.047MHz and 99.023MHz respectively. Frequency of modulating signal is 7kHz
+Hf=99.047*10^6;//in Hz
+Lf=99.023*10^6;//in Hz
+fm=7;//in kHz
+Cs=(Hf-Lf)*10^(-3);
+disp(+'kHz',Cs,'Carrier swing is');
+fd=Cs/2;
+disp(+'kHz',fd,'Frequency deviation is');
+fc=(Hf-(fd*10^3))*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',fc,'Carrier frequency is');
+beta1=fd/fm;
+disp(beta1,'Modulation index is');
diff --git a/1409/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce b/1409/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..80782a13f --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +clc;
+//page no 6-9
+//Example 6.1
+u=input("Enter the value of modulation index=");
+fom=u^2/(2+u^2);
+disp(fom,'Figure of merit is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce b/1409/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..692b5b4df --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no 6-15
+//Example 6.3
+//Given FM signal s(t)=10*cos((2*%pi*10^8*t)+6*sin(2*%pi*10^3*t))
+//Comparing with the standard FM s(t)=Ac*cos[(2*%pi*fc*t)+mf*sin(2*%pi*10^3*t)]
+mf=6;
+FoM=(3/2)*mf^2
+disp(FoM,'Figure of merit=');
diff --git a/1409/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce b/1409/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12e91c60c --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +clc;
+//page no 7-17
+//Example 7.1
+//Given
+fc=15;//in MHz
+fd=10;//in kHz
+fo=45;//in MHz
+//At point 1 in Fig 7.16
+fc1=4*fc;
+fd1=4*fd;
+fmax1=fc1+(fd1*10^(-3));
+fmin1=fc1-(fd1*10^(-3));
+disp(+'MHz',fc1,'Carrier frequency at point 1 is');
+disp(+'kHz',fd1,'frequency deviation at point 1 is');
+disp(+'MHz',fmax1,'fmax=');
+disp(+'MHz',fmin1,'fmin=');
+//At point 2, mixer gives difference frequency with fo=45MHz
+fc2=fc1-fo;
+fmax2=fmax1-fo;
+fmin2=fmin1-fo;
+fd2=(fc-fmin2)*10^3;
+disp(+'MHz',fc2,'Carrier frequency at point 2 is');
+disp(+'MHz',fmax2,'fmax=');
+disp(+'MHz',fmin2,'fmin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fd2,'Frequency deviation at point 2 is');
diff --git a/1409/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce b/1409/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..293100dfc --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +clc;
+//page no 7-18
+//Example 7.2
+//Given
+fc=13.5;//in MHz
+fd=8.5;//in kHz
+//At point 1
+disp("At point 1");
+fc1=2*fc;
+fd1=2*fd;
+disp(+'MHz',fc1,'Carrier frequency is');
+disp(+'kHz',fd1,'Frequency deviation is');
+//At point 2
+disp("At point 2");
+fc2=3*fc1;
+fd2=3*fd1;
+fmax2=(fc2+fd2*10^(-3));
+fmin2=(fc2-fd2*10^(-3));
+disp(+'MHz',fc2,'Carrier frequency is');
+disp(+'kHz',fd2,'Frequency deviation is');
+disp(+'MHz',fmax2,'fmax=');
+disp(+'MHz',fmin2,'fmin=');
+//At poiint 3
+disp("At point 3");
+//Oscillator frequency is 20MHz
+Of=20;//in MHz
+fc3=fc2+Of;
+fmax3=fmax2+Of;
+fmin3=fmin2+Of;
+fd3=(fmax3-fc3)*10^3;//in kHz
+disp(+'MHz',fc3,'Carrier frequency is');
+disp(+'MHz',fmax3,'fmax=');
+disp(+'MHz',fmin3,'fmin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fd3,'Frequency deviation is');
diff --git a/1409/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce b/1409/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c5894406 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clc;
+//page no 7-21
+//Example 7.4
+//Given transmitter frequency is 160MHz with a maximum deviation of 5.1kHz at a minimum audio frequency of 100Hz, initial phase modulation deviation is to be kept to less than 12 degrees
+ft=160;//transmitter frequency in MHz
+fd=5.1;//maximum frequency deviation in kHz
+fmin=100;//minimum audio frequency in Hz
+Of=100;//oscilltor frequency in kHz
+pd=12;//phase deviation in degrees
+pdmax=(12*%pi)/180;
+disp(+'rad',pdmax,'Maximum phase deviation of the modulator is ');
+fdmax=pdmax*fmin;
+disp(+'Hz',fdmax,'Maximum frequency deviation of the modulator is ');
+N=(fd*10^3)/fdmax;
+disp(N,'Frequency deviation increase required is ');
+//2^5=243; Therefore, the modulated waveform should be passed through a chain of 5 tripler stages to give final deviation of 5.1kHz
+//at a frequency of 100kHz*243-24.3MHz
+mixOf=ft-24.3;//Mixer oscillator frequency
+disp(+'MHz',mixOf,'Mixer oscillator signal is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b721f23e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-6
+//Example 8.1
+//Given
+L=15*10^(-6);//in H
+C=67.6*10^(-12);//in F
+R=25;//in ohm
+//Resonant frequency of the LC tuned circuit is given by
+fr=(1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C)))*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',fr,'Resonant frequency of LC tuned circuit is ');
+XL=(2*%pi*(fr*10^6)*L);
+Q=XL/R;
+disp(Q,'Q of the tuned circuit is ');
+//Rounding fr to 5MHz and Q to 18.85
+fr1=5;
+Q1=18.85;
+Bw=(fr1*10^6)/Q1;
+disp(+'Hz',Bw,'Bandwidth of the tuned circuit is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..36055ca55 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-50
+//Example 8.10
+R=60;//in ohms
+fr=2*10^6;//in Hz
+C=50*10^(-12);//in farads
+//we know that fr=1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C));
+L=1/((2*%pi*fr)^2*C);
+L1=L*10^(6);
+disp(+'micro H',L1,'L=');
+Q=(2*%pi*fr*L1*10^(-6))/R;
+disp(Q,'Q of tuned circuit is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8e59a9a5f --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-51
+//Exmaple 8.11
+L=20*10^(-6);//in Henry
+C=100*10^(-12);//in Farads
+Bw=200*10^3;//in Hz
+fr=[1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C))]*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',fr,'Resonant frequency is ');
+Q=(fr/Bw)*10^6;
+disp(Q,'Q for the tuned circuit is');
+R=((2*%pi*fr*L)/Q)*10^6;
+disp(+'ohms',R,'Resistance required is ');
+
+
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2e9fe59db --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-51
+//Example 8.12
+fi=455*10^3;//in Hz
+fsi=2000*10^3;//in Hz
+Q=50;
+fs=[(fsi-(2*fi))/1000];//in kHz
+disp(+'kHz',fs,'Signal frequency is ');
+rho=(fsi/[fs*10^3])-([fs*10^3]/fsi);
+disp(rho,'rho=');
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho^2));
+disp(alpha,'Image frequency ratio is ');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4cd3bd666 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-52
+//Example 8.13
+fs=1500*10^3;//in Hz
+fi=455*10^3;//in Hz
+alpha=75;
+fsi=[fs+(2*fi)]*10^(-3);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi,'Image frequency is ');
+rho=([fsi*10^3]/fs)-(fs/[fsi*10^3]);
+//Rounding of rho to 0.984
+rho1=0.984;
+//We know that image frequency is given as alpha=sqrt(1+Q^2*rho^2)
+//alpha^2-1=Q^2*rho^2
+Q=sqrt([alpha^2-1]/rho1^2);
+disp(Q,'Q of the tuned circuit is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa566fbf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-52
+//Example 8.14
+//Let Csmax/Csmin be denoted by C
+fmin=500;//in kHz
+fmax=1600;//in kHz
+IF=465;//in kHz
+C=(fmax/fmin)^2;
+fomin=fmin+IF;
+fomax=fmax+IF;
+disp(C,'Csmax/Csmin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+//Let Comax/Comin be denoted by C1
+C1=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(C1,'Comax/Comin=');
+Csmax=350//in pF
+Csmin=Csmax/C;
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+//We know that
+//C=[Csmax(Csmin+Cp)/Csmin(Csmax+Cp)]
+//4.58=350/34.2*((34.2+Cp)/(350+Cp))
+Cp=221.3;//in pF
+Comax=(Csmax*Cp)/(Csmax+Cp);
+Comin=(Csmin*Cp)/(Csmin+Cp);
+disp(+'pF',Comax,'Comax=');
+disp(+'pF',Comin,'Comin=');
+//Rounding Comax
+Comax1=135.5;
+//The oscillator coil frequency can be calculated as
+Lo=[1/[(2*%pi*(fomin*10^3))^2*(Comax1*10^-12)]]*10^6;//Answer was given wrong in the text book
+disp(+'microHenry',Lo,'Oscillator coil frequency is');
+//At 1000 kHz
+f=1000;//in kHz
+fomid=f+IF;
+Comid=Comax/(fomax/fomid)^2;
+Comid1=68.2;
+disp(+'pF',Comid,'Comid=');
+Csmid=1/[(1/Comid1)-(1/Cp)];
+disp(+'pF',Csmid,'Csmid=');
+fsmid=fmax/sqrt(Csmax/Csmid);
+disp(+'kHz',fsmid,'fs"'mid=");
+Terr=fsmid-f;
+disp(+'kHz',Terr,'Tracking error is');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.15/8_15.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.15/8_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0ee439bce --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.15/8_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-54
+//Example 8.15
+fsmax=1650;
+fsmin=525;//in kHz
+SFR=fsmax/fsmin;
+disp(SFR,'Signal frequency ratio is');
+//Rounding off SRF to 3.14
+SFR1=3.14;
+C=(SFR1)^2;
+disp(C,'Capacitance ratio is');
+Comin=50;
+Comax=450;//in pF
+//For trimmer capacitor
+//Comax/Comin=(Csmax+CT)/(Csmin+CT)
+//450/50=(Csmax+CT)/(Csmin+CT)
+//By solving this
+//Csmax-9*Csmin=200
+//Csmax-9.86*Csmin=0
+//Solving we get
+Csmin=232.55;
+Csmax=2293;
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+disp(+'pF',Csmax,'Csmax=');
+//For padder capacitor
+//Comax/Comin=(Csmax/Csmin)*(Csmin+Cp)/(Csmax+Cp)
+//9=9.86*(232.55+Cp)/(2293+Cp)
+//Solving this
+Cp=21330;
+disp(+'pF',Cp,'Padder Capacitor vlue is');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.16/8_16.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.16/8_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ccde1404 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.16/8_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-55
+//Example 8.16
+fsmin=450;//in kHz
+fsmax=1600;//in kHz
+IF=455;//in kHz
+f=1000;//in kHz
+fomin=fsmin+IF;
+fomax=fsmax+IF;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+//Let Comax/Comin be denoted by C
+C=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(C,'Comax/Comin=');
+//Let Csmax/Csmin=C1
+C1=(fsmax/fsmin)^2;
+Csmax=300;//in pico Farads
+Csmin=(Csmax/C1);
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+//Trimmer capacitor is connected in parallel with tuning capacitor
+//Comax/Comin=(Csmax+CT)/(Csmin+CT)
+//5.156=(300+CT)/(23.730+CT);
+CT=42.745;//in pF
+disp(+'pF',CT,'CT=');
+Comax=Csmax+CT;
+Comin=Csmin+CT;
+disp(+'pF',Comax,'Comax=');
+disp(+'pF',Comin,'Comin=');
+//The oscillator coil value can be calculated as
+Lo=[1/[(2*%pi*(fomin*10^3))^2*(Comax*10^(-12))]]*10^6;
+disp(+'microHenry',Lo,'Oscillator coil value is');
+fomid=f+IF;
+Comid=Comax/(fomax/fomid)^2;
+disp(+'pF',Comid,'Comid=');
+Comid1=171.82;
+Lo1=90.234;
+fomid1=[1/(2*%pi*sqrt(Lo1*10^-6*Comid1*10^-12))]*10^-3;
+disp(+'kHz',fomid1,'Actual value of fomid=');
+Terr=fomid1-fomid;
+disp(+'kHz',Terr,'Tracking error is');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.17/8_17.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.17/8_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c91b0f749 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.17/8_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-57
+//Example 8.17
+fo=1010;//in kHz
+fs=555;//in kHz
+Q=40;
+fi=fo-fs;
+disp(+'kHz',fi,'Intermediate frequency is ');
+fsi=fs+(2*fi);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi,'Image frequency is ');
+rho=(fsi/fs)-(fs/fsi);
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho^2));
+disp(alpha,'Image frequency rejection ratio is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.18/8_18.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.18/8_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a7fd03d11 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.18/8_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-58
+//Example 8.18
+Q=100;
+IF=455;//in kHz
+fs=1000;//in kHz
+fsi=fs+(2*IF);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi,'fsi=');
+rho=(fsi/fs)-(fs/fsi);
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho^2));
+disp(alpha,'Rejection ratio=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.19/8_19.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.19/8_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14d15f070 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.19/8_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-58
+//Example 8.19
+fmin=500;//in kHz
+fmax=1600;//in kHz
+IF=465;//in kHz
+//Let Csmax/Csmin=C
+C=(fmax/fmin)^2;
+disp(C,'Csmax/Csmin=');
+fomin=fmin+IF;
+fomax=fmax+IF;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+//Let Comax/Comin be denoted by C1
+C1=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(C1,'Comax/Comin=');
+Csmax=350;//in pF
+Csmin=Csmax/C;
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+//C=[Csmax(Csmin+Cp)/Csmin(Csmax+Cp)]
+//4.58=(350/34.2)*[(34.2+Cp)/(350+Cp)]
+Cp=221.3;
+disp(+'pF',Cp,'Cp=');
+Comax=(Csmax*Cp)/(Csmax+Cp);
+Comin=(Csmin*Cp)/(Csmin+Cp);
+disp(+'pF',Comax,'Comax=');
+disp(+'pF',Comin,'Comin=');
+//Rounding Comax to 135.5
+Comax1=135.5;
+Lo=[1/[(2*%pi*fomin*10^3)^2*(Comax1*10^(-12))]]*10^6;//Answer was given wrong in the text
+disp(+'microHenry',Lo,'Lo=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a9a662fff --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+//Page no 8-6
+//Example 8.2
+//fr value is taken from the previous example
+fr=5*10^6;
+Bw=50*10^3;
+Q=fr/Bw;
+disp(Q,'Q of the tuned circut is ');
+L=15*10^(-6);
+XL=2*%pi*5*10^6*15*10^(-6);
+R=XL/Q;
+disp(+'ohm',R,'Resistance of the coil is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.20/8_20.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.20/8_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c72c9cce9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.20/8_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-60
+//Example 8.20
+fo=1126;//in kHz
+fs=670;//in kHz
+V=68;//in micro volts
+Q=50;
+fi=fo-fs;
+disp(+'kHz',fi,'Frequency of the other station fi=');
+//Log alpha=20/20
+alpha=10^1;
+rho=sqrt((alpha^2-1)/Q^2)
+disp(rho,'rho=');
+//rho=(fsi/fs)-(fs/fsi);
+//fsi=fs+2*fi; fs+2*456
+//rho=[(fs+912)/fs]-[fs/(fs+912)]
+//0.199=[(fs+912)/fs]-[fs/(fs+912)]
+//Solving for fs, we get
+fs=8500;//in kHz
+S=V/alpha;
+disp(+'micro Volt',S,'Strength of the signal=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.21/8_21.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.21/8_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..af866dfb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.21/8_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-61
+//Example 8.21
+C=0.01*10^(-6);//in farads
+Rc=5*10^3;//in ohms
+fm=1*10^3;//in Hz
+Mmax=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax,'Mmax=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.22/8_22.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.22/8_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..011e75d3d --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.22/8_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-61
+//Example 8.22
+fm=10*10^3;//in Hz
+Rc=50*10^3;//in ohms
+C=0.01*10^(-6);//in farads
+Mmax=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax,'Mmax for modulating frequecy 10kHz is ');
+fm1=5*10^3;//in Hz
+Mmax1=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm1*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax1,'Mmax for modulating frequecy 5kHz is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.23.1/8_23_i.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.23.1/8_23_i.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b1ffbfb9f --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.23.1/8_23_i.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-62
+//Example 8.23
+Q=125;
+fi=465;//in kHz
+disp("Image frequencies and rejection at 1MHz");
+fs=1000;//in kHz
+fsi=[fs+(2*fi)]*10^-3;
+disp(+'MHz',fsi,'Image frequency is');
+rho=(fsi/(fs*10^-3))-((fs*10^-3)/fsi);
+disp(rho,'rho=');
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho^2));
+//rounding alpha to 176.48
+alpha1=176.48;
+alphadB=20*log10(alpha1);
+disp(+'dB',alphadB,'Image frequency rejection ratio is');
+disp("Image frequencies and rejection at 30MHz")
+fs1=30;//in MHz
+fsi1=fs1+(2*fi*10^-3);
+disp(+'MHz',fsi1,'Image frequency is');
+rho1=(fsi1/fs1)-(fs1/fsi1);
+disp(rho1,'rho=');
+alpha2=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho1^2));
+alphadB1=20*log10(alpha2);
+disp(+'dB',alphadB1,'Image frequency rejection ratio is');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.23.2/8_23_ii.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.23.2/8_23_ii.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..737981c82 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.23.2/8_23_ii.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-62
+//Example 8.23_ii
+//To calculate fi such that alpha at 30MHz is 44.9 dB or 176.48
+alpha=176.48;
+Q=125;
+rho=sqrt((alpha^2-1)/Q^2)
+disp(rho,'rho=');
+//rho=(fsi'/fs')-(fs'/fsi')
+//1.412=(fsi'/fs')-(fs'/fsi')=(1.93/1)-(1/1.93)
+//fs'/fsi'=1/1.93
+//fs'/(fs'+2*fi)=1/1.93
+fi=[(30*1.93)-30]/2;//Answer was slightly wrong
+disp(+'MHz',fi,'IF required=');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.24/8_24.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.24/8_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e59e03c0d --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.24/8_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-64
+//Example 8.24
+C=0.01*10^(-6);//in Farads
+Rc=5*10^3;//in ohms
+fm=10*10^3;//in Hz
+Mmax=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax,'Mmax=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.25/8_25.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.25/8_25.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..45237aef3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.25/8_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-64
+//Example 8.25
+fi=450;//in kHz
+Q=65;
+disp("For incoming frequency of 1200kHz");
+fs=1200;//in kHz
+fsi=fs+(2*fi);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi,'Image frequency is');
+P=(fsi/fs)-(fs/fsi);
+P1=1.178;
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*P^2));
+disp(alpha,'Image frequency rejection ratio is');
+//Answer given in book was wrong
+disp("For incoming frequency of 20MHz");
+fs1=20000;//in kHz
+fsi1=fs1+(2*fi);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi1,'Image frequency is');
+rho=(fsi1/fs1)-(fs1/fsi1);
+alpha1=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho^2));
+disp(alpha1,'Image frequency rejection ratio is')
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.26/8_26.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.26/8_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ca9e492c --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.26/8_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-65
+//Example 8.26
+fmax=1600;//in kHz
+fmin=550;//in kHz
+IF=455;//in kHz
+Csmax=350;//in pF
+//Let Csmax/Csmin=C
+C=(fmax/fmin)^2;
+disp(C,'Csmax/Csmin=');
+fomin=fmin+IF;
+fomax=fmax+IF;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+//Let Comax/Comin be denoted by C1
+C1=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(C1,'Comax/Comin=');
+Csmin=(Csmax/C);
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+//C=[Csmax(Csmin+Cp)/Csmin(Csmax+Cp)]
+//4.18=[350*(41.37+Cp)]/[41.37*(350+Cp)]
+Cp=260;
+disp(+'pF',Cp,'Cp=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.27/8_27.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.27/8_27.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9ba76ff31 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.27/8_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-66
+//Example 8.27
+R=10*10^3;//in ohm
+C=1000*10^(-12);//in farads
+fm=10*10^3;//in Hz
+Mmax=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm*C*R)^2);
+disp(Mmax,'Mmax=');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..300de1acf --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-9
+//Example 8.3
+disp("at 1000kHz");
+Q=80;
+fi=455*10^3;//in Hz
+fs=1000*10^3;//in Hz
+fsi=[fs+(2*fi)]*10^(-3);
+disp(+'kHz',fsi,'fsi=');
+rho=[(fsi*10^3)/fs]-[fs/(fsi*10^3)];
+disp(rho,'rho=');
+//Rounding rho to 3 digits
+rho1=1.386;
+alpha=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho1^2));
+disp(alpha,'Rejection ratio is');
+disp("at 50MHz");
+fs2=50*10^6;
+fsi2=(fs2+2*fi)*10^(-6);
+disp(+'MHz',fsi2,'fsi=');
+rho2=[(fsi2*10^6)/fs2]-[fs2/(fsi2*10^6)];
+disp(rho2,'rho=');
+//rounding rho2 to 0.036
+rho3=0.036;
+alpha2=sqrt(1+(Q^2*rho3^2));
+disp(alpha2,'Rejection ratio is');
+
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..47c12c8a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-10
+//Example 8.4
+fs=1500;//in kHz
+IF=465;//in kHz
+fs1=fs-(2*IF);
+disp(+'kHz',fs1,'The frequency at another dialing station is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa9c4aba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-16
+//Example 8.5
+fsmin=400;//in kHz
+fsmax=1650;//in kHz
+IF=455;//in kHz
+Csmax=300;//in pico Farads
+f=1000;//in kHz
+//Step:1 Calculate fomin,fomax, and oscillator capacitance ratio
+fomin=fsmin+IF;
+fomax=fsmax+IF;
+//Let Comax/Comin be denoted by C
+C=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+disp(C,'Comax/Comin=');
+//Step:2 We know that, calculate Csmin
+//Let Csmax/Csmin=C1
+C1=(fsmax/fsmin)^2;
+Csmin=(Csmax/C1);
+disp(+'pF',Csmin,'Csmin=');
+//Step:3 We know that, calculate padder capacitance
+//C=[Csmax(Csmin+Cp)/Csmin(Csmax+Cp)]
+//6.06=(5295+300*Cp)/(5295+17.65*Cp)
+//193.041*Cp=26792.7
+Cp=26792.7/193.041;
+disp(+'pF',Cp,'Cp=');
+//Lets round off Csmin to 17.65
+Csmin1=17.65;
+//Step:4 Now calculate Comax and Comin
+Comax=(Csmax*Cp)/(Csmax+Cp);
+Comin=(Csmin1*Cp)/(Csmin1+Cp);
+disp(+'pF',Comax,'Comax=');
+disp(+'pF',Comin,'Comin=');
+//Step:5 Calculate Oscillator inductance
+Lo=[1/[(2*%pi*(fomin*10^3))^2*(Comax*10^(-12))]]*10^3;
+disp(+'mH',Lo,'Oscillator coil value=');
+//Step:6 Calculate tracking error
+//At 1 MHz
+fomid=f+IF;
+Comid=Comax/(fomax/fomid)^2;
+disp(+'pF',Comid,'Comid=');
+//Rounding off Lo and Comid values
+Lo1=365*10^-6;
+Comid1=45.4*10^-12;
+//Actual value of fomid1 is
+fomid1=[1/(2*%pi*sqrt(Lo1*Comid1))]*10^-3;
+disp(+'kHz',fomid1,'Actual value of fomid=');
+Terr=fomid1-fomid;
+disp(+'kHz',Terr,'Tracking error is');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b24f6fd84 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-19
+//Example 8.6
+//Given
+fsmin=530;//in kHz
+fsmax=1650;//in kHz
+IF=455;//in kHz
+disp("For fo>fs");
+fomin=fsmin+IF;
+fomax=fsmax+IF;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax,'fomax=');
+TR=(fomax/fomin)^2;
+disp(TR,'Comax/Comin=');
+disp("Therfore, tuning range for oscillator capacitor is 4.567:1");
+disp("For fo<fs");
+fomin1=fsmin-IF;
+fomax1=fsmax-IF;
+disp(+'kHz',fomin1,'fomin=');
+disp(+'kHz',fomax1,'fomax=');
+TR1=(fomax1/fomin1)^2;
+disp(TR1,'Comax/Comin=');
+disp("Therfore, tuning range for oscillator capacitor is 253.87:1");
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eb08c79fa --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-27
+//Example 8.7
+//Given
+C=0.001*10^(-6);//in Farads
+Rc=50*10^3;//in ohm
+fm=1*10^3;//in Hz
+//we know that Zm=Rc||C
+//=1/sqrt((1/Rc^2)+(1/Xc^2))
+//Xc=1/(2*%pi*f*C)
+//Mmax=Zm/Rc=1/Rc*sqrt((1/Rc^2)+(1/(1/2*%pi*f*C)^2)) which gives
+Mmax=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax,'Maximum modulation index for modulation frequency 1kHz is ');
+fm2=5*10^3;//in Hz
+Mmax1=1/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*fm2*C*Rc)^2);
+disp(Mmax1,'Maximum modulation index for modulation frequency 5kHz is ');
diff --git a/1409/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce b/1409/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..79dd443d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1409/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+//page no 8-29
+//Example 8.8
+R1=100;//in kOhms
+R2=200;//in kOhms
+R3=510;//in kOhms
+R4=1000;//in kOhms
+Rc=R1+R2;//DC load for diode
+disp(+'kOhms',Rc,'DC load for diode=');
+Zm=R1+(1/[(1/R2)+(1/R3)+(1/R4)]);
+disp('kOhms',Zm,'Zm=');
+Mmax=Zm/Rc;
+disp(Mmax,'Mmax=');
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