initial commit / add all books

17 files changed, 437 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.01/5_01.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.01/5_01.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1cd45c788
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.01/5_01.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.01.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.01-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Initial pressure(in bar):

+p1=5

+//Initial temperature(in K):

+T1=300

+//Final pressure(in bar):

+p2=2

+//Cp for air(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cp=1.004

+//Gas constant for air(in kJ/kg.K):

+R=0.287

+//As it is a throttling process:

+T2=T1

+//Change in entropy(in kJ/kg.K):

+dS=Cp*log(T2/T1)-R*log(p2/p1)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy = %f kJ/kg.K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.02/5_02.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.02/5_02.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c780c2e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.02/5_02.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.02.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.02-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass of water(in kg):

+m=5

+//Atmospheric temperature(in K):

+T1=27+273.15

+//Temperature of evaporation(in K):

+T2=100+273.15

+//Temperature at which steam is generated(in K):

+T3=400+273

+//Specific heat of water(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cp=4.2

+//Heat of vaporisation(in kJ/kg):

+q2=2260

+//For steam, Cp is given by:

+//Cps=R(3.5+1.2*T+0.14*T^2)

+//Heat added for increasing water temperature from 27ºC to 100ºC(in kJ):

+Q1=m*Cp*(T2-T1)

+//Entropy change during water temperature rise(in kJ/K):

+dS1=Q1/T1

+//Heat of vaporization(in kJ):

+Q2=m*q2

+//Entropy change during water to steam change(in kJ/K):

+dS2=Q2/T2

+//Entropy change during steam temperature rise(in kJ/K):

+dS3=m*10^(-3)*(1.617*log(T3/T2)+0.5544*(T3-T2)+0.065*(T3^2-T2^2)/2)

+//Total entropy change(in kJ/K):

+dS=dS1+dS2+dS3

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nTotal change in entropy of universe = %f kJ/K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.03/5_03.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.03/5_03.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..821828d59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.03/5_03.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.03.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.03-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Initial pressure(in kPa):

+p1=125

+//Final pressure(in kPa):

+p2=375

+//Intial temperature(in K):

+T1=27+273

+//Gas constant for oxygen(in kJ/kg.K):

+R=8.314/32

+//Change in entropy(in kJ/kg.K):

+dS=-R*log(p2/p1)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy = %f kJ/kg.K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.04/5_04.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.04/5_04.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0ae775e5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.04/5_04.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.04.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.04-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass of the block(in kg):

+m=1

+//Temperature of the block(in K):

+T1=150+273.15

+//Temperature of the sea(in K):

+T2=25+273.15

+//Heat capacity of copper(in kJ/kg.K):

+C=0.393

+//Change in entropy of block(in kJ/K):

+dSb=m*C*log(T2/T1)

+//Heat lost by the block will be equal to heat gained by the water

+//Heat lost by water(in kJ):

+Q=m*C*(T1-T2)

+//Change in entropy of water(in kJ/K):

+dSw=Q/T2

+//Entropy change of universe(in kJ/K):

+dSu=dSb+dSw

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy of universe = %f J/K",dSu*10^3)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.05/5_05.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.05/5_05.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1ace4a6e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.05/5_05.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.05.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.05-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass of the block(in kg):

+m=1

+//Temperature of the block(in K):

+T=27+273

+//Height(in m):

+h=200

+//Heat capacity for copper(in kJ/kg.K):

+s=0.393

+//Acceleration due to gravity(in m/s^2):

+g=9.81 

+//Change in potential energy(in J):

+PE=m*g*h

+//In this case:

+Q=PE

+//Change in entropy of universe(in J/kg.K):

+dSu=Q/T

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy of universe = %f J/kg.K",dSu)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.06/5_06.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.06/5_06.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f8e90654d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.06/5_06.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.06.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.06-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Block 1:

+//Mass(in kg):

+m1=1

+//Temperature(in K):

+T1=150+273

+//Specific heat(in kJ/kg.K):

+C1=0.393

+//Block 2:

+//Mass(in kg):

+m2=0.5

+//Temperature(in K):

+T2=0+273

+//Specific heat(in kJ/kg.K):

+C2=0.381

+//Final temperature(in K):

+Tf=(m1*C1*T1+m2*C2*T2)/(m1*C1+m2*C2)

+//Entropy change in block 1(in kJ/K):

+dS1=m1*C1*log(Tf/T1)

+//Entropy change in block 2(in kJ/K):

+dS2=m2*C2*log(Tf/T2)

+//Total entropy change(in kJ/K):

+dS=dS1+dS2

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy of universe = %f J/K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.08/5_08.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.08/5_08.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1c970c731
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.08/5_08.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.08.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.08-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Maximum temperature(in K):

+T1=1800

+//Minimum temperature(in K):

+T2=300

+//Rate at which heat is added(in MW):

+Q1=5

+//Work output(in MW):

+W=2

+//Heat rejected(in MW):

+Q2=Q1-W

+//Entropy generated(in MW/K):

+dSg=(-Q1/T1+Q2/T2)

+//Work lost(in MW):

+w=T2*dSg

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nWork lost = %f MW",w)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.09/5_09.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.09/5_09.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ef68787c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.09/5_09.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.09.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.09-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Temperature of the system(in K):

+T1=500

+//Temperature of the reservoir(in K):

+T2=300

+//Heat capacity of the system(in J/K):

+//C=0.05*T^2+0.10*T+0.085

+//Maximum heat(in J):

+Q1=-(0.05*(T2^3-T1^3)/3+0.10*(T2^2-T1^2)/2+0.085*(T2-T1))

+//Entropy change of the system(in J/K):

+dSs=0.05*(T2^2-T1^2)/2+0.10*(T2-T1)+0.085*log(T2/T1)

+//Maximum work available(in kJ):

+W=(Q1/T2+dSs)*T2

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nMaximum work = %f kJ",W/(10^3))
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d49470663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.10/5_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.10.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.10-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Initial pressure(in kPa):

+p1=3000

+//Initial volume(in m^3):

+v1=0.05

+//Final volume(in m^3):

+v2=0.3

+//Value of n:

+n=1.4

+//Final pressure(in MPa):

+p2=p1*((v1/v2)^n)

+//Entropy change:

+dS=0

+//Change in enthalpy(in kJ):

+dH=((p1*(v1^n))^(1/n))*(p1^((n-1)/n)-p2^((n-1)/n))/((n-1)/n)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEnthalpy change = %f kJ",dH)

+printf("\nEntropy change = %d",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a71669a22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.11/5_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.11.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.11-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass of air(in kg):

+m=2

+//Initial volume(in m^3):

+v1=1

+//Final volume(in m^3):

+v2=10

+//Gas const(in J/kg.K):

+R=287

+//Change in entropy of air(in J/K):

+dSa=m*R*log(v2/v1)

+//During free expansion, entropy change of surroundings(in J/K):

+dSs=0

+//Entropy change of universe(in J/K):

+dSu=dSa+dSs

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEntropy change of air = %f J/K",dSa)

+printf("\nEntropy change of surroundings = %d J/K",dSs)

+printf("\nEntropy change of universe = %f J/K",dSu)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e70979e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.12/5_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.12.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.12-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass of air(in kg):

+m=0.5

+//Initial pressure(in Pa):

+p1=1.013*10^5

+//Final pressure(in Pa):

+p2=0.8*10^6

+//Initial temperature(in K):

+T1=800

+//Index of compression:

+n=1.2

+//Adiabatic index of compression:

+r=1.4

+//Value of Cv(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cv=0.71

+//Final temperature(in K):

+T2=T1*((p2/p1)^((n-1)/n))

+//Total entropy change(in J/K):

+dS=m*Cv*((n-r)/(n-1))*log(T2/T1)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEntropy change = %f J/K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.15/5_15.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.15/5_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bdb893055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.15/5_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.15.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.15-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Pressure at point 1(in MPa):

+p1=0.5

+//Temperature at point 1(in K):

+T1=400

+//Pressure at point 2(in MPa):

+p2=0.3

+//Temperature at point 2(in K):

+T2=350

+//Gas constant(in kJ/kg.K):

+R=0.287

+//Value of Cp(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cp=1.004

+//Entropy change(in kJ/kg.K):

+ds=Cp*log(T1/T2)-R*log(p1/p2)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nChange in entropy = %f kJ/kg.K",ds)

+//As the calculated change is positive, s2>s1

+printf("\nHence flow occurs from 1 to 2 i.e. from 0.5 MPa, 400 K to 0.3 MPa & 350 K")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..29fe24508
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.17/5_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.17.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.17-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Heat added in process 1-2(in kJ):

+Q12=1000

+//Heat added in process 3-4(in kJ):

+Q34=800

+//Temperature at point 1(in K):

+T1=500

+//Temperature at point 3(in K):

+T3=400

+//Temperature at point 5(in K):

+T5=300

+//Total heat added(in kJ):

+Qt=Q12+Q34

+//Entropy change from state 1-2(in kJ/K):

+S12=Q12/T1

+//Entropy change from state 3-4(in kJ/K):

+S34=Q34/T3

+//Entropy change from state 5-6(in kJ/K):

+S56=S12+S34

+//Heat rejected in process 5-6(in kJ):

+Q56=T5*S56

+//Net work done(in kJ):

+W=Q12+Q34-Q56

+//Thermal efficiency of the cycle:

+n=W/Qt

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nWork done = %d kJ",W)

+printf("\nThermal efficiency = %f percent",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.18/5_18.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.18/5_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2be454dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.18/5_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.18.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.18-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Temperature of the reservoirs(in K):

+T1=800

+T2=700

+T3=600

+//Temperature of the sink(in K):

+T4=320

+//Total heat rejected to the heat sink(in kJ/s):

+Q2=10

+//Work done(in kW):

+W=20

+//Total heat added(in kJ/s):

+Q1=Q2+W

+//Heat from reservoir 2(in kJ/s):

+Q12=(Q2/T4-Q1/T3)/(0.7/T1+1/T2-1.7/T3)

+//Heat from reservoir 1(in kJ/s):

+Q11=0.7*Q12

+//Heat from reservoir 3(in kJ/s):

+Q13=Q1-1.7*Q12

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nHeat supplied by reservoir at 800 K = %f kJ/s",Q11)

+printf("\nHeat supplied by reservoir at 700 K = %f kJ/s",Q12)

+printf("\nHeat supplied by reservoir at 600 K = %f kJ/s",Q13)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.19/5_19.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.19/5_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0d51843f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.19/5_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.19.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.19-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Volume of the chamber(in m^3):

+v1=0.04

+//Initial pressure(in bar):

+p1=10

+//Initial temperature(in K):

+T1=25+273

+//Gas constant(in  kJ/kg.K):

+R=0.287

+//Value of Cv(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cv=0.71

+//Final temperature(in K):

+T2=T1

+//Final volume(in m^3):

+v2=2*v1

+//Final pressure(in bar):

+p2=p1*v1/v2

+//Initial mass(in kg):

+m=p1*10^2*v1/(R*T1)

+//Change in entropy(in kJ/K):

+dS=m*R/log(v2/v1)+m*Cv*log(T2/T1)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEntropy change = %f kJ/K",dS)

+//Entropy change is non zero but ∫dQ/T is zero, hence:

+printf("\nAs dS>∫dQ/T, process is irreversible")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.20/5_20.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.20/5_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aa0b2b963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.20/5_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.20.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.20-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Mass in tank A(in kg):

+ma=0.6

+//Mass in tank B(in kg):

+mb=1

+//Temperature in tank A(in K):

+Ta=90+273

+//Temperature in tank B(in K):

+Tb=45+273

+//Pressure in tank A(in bar):

+pa=1

+//Pressure in tank B(in bar):

+pb=2

+//Gas constant(in kJ/kg.K):

+R=0.287

+//Value of Cp(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cp=1.005

+//Final temperature(in K):

+Tf=(ma*Ta+mb*Tb)/(ma+mb)

+//Volume of tank A(in m^3):

+va=ma*R*Ta/pa

+//Volume of tank B(in m^3):

+vb=mb*R*Tb/pb

+//Final pressure(in kPa):

+pf=(ma+mb)*R*Tf/(va+vb)

+//Entropy change(in kJ/K):

+dS=ma*(Cp*log(Tf/Ta)-R*log(pf/pa))+mb*(Cp*log(Tf/Tb)-R*log(pf/pb))

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEntropy produced = %f kJ/K",dS)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/32/CH5/EX5.21/5_21.sce b/32/CH5/EX5.21/5_21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4684aff71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/32/CH5/EX5.21/5_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5.21.sce')

+//filename=pathname+filesep()+'5.21-data.sci'

+//exec(filename)

+//Volume of the tanks(in m^3):

+va=4

+vb=4

+vc=4

+//Pressure in tank A(in bar):

+pa=6

+//Temperature in tank A(in K):

+Ta=90+273

+//Pressure in tank B(in bar):

+pb=3

+//Temperature in tank B(in K):

+Tb=300+273

+//Pressure in tank C(in bar):

+pc=12

+//Temperature in tank C(in K):

+Tc=50+273

+//Gas constant for air(in kJ/kg.K):

+Ra=0.287

+//Gas constant for nitrogen(in kJ/kg.K):

+Rn=0.297

+//Adiabatic index of compression for air:

+ra=1.4

+//Adiabatic index of compression for nitrogen:

+rn=1.4

+//Value of Cp(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cp=1.005

+//Value of Cv(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cv=0.718

+//Part (i)

+//Mass in tank A(in kg):

+ma=pa*10^2*va/(Ra*Ta)

+//Mass in tank A(in kg):

+mb=pb*10^2*vb/(Ra*Tb)

+//Final temperature(in K):

+Td=(ma*Ta+mb*Tb)/(ma+mb)

+//Final pressure(in bar):

+pd=Ra*Td*(ma+mb)/((va+vb)*10^2)

+//Entropy change(in kJ/K):

+dS1=ma*Cp*log(Td/Ta)-ma*Ra*log(pd/pa)+mb*Cp*log(Td/Tb)-mb*Ra*log(pd/pb)

+printf("\nRESULT\n")

+printf("\nEntropy change in case 1 = %f kJ/K",dS1)

+//Part (ii)

+//Mass in tank C(in kg):

+mc=pc*10^2*vc/(Rn*Tc)

+//Mass in tank D(in kg):

+md=ma+mb

+//Value of Cv for nitrogen(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cvn=Rn/(rn-1)

+//Value of Cp for nitrogen(in kJ/kg.K):

+Cpn=rn*Cvn

+//Total mass(in kg):

+mf=md+mc

+//Final Cv(in kJ/kg.K):

+CvF=(md*Cv+mc*Cvn)/mf

+//Final gas constant(in kJ/kg.K):

+RF=(md*Ra+mc*Rn)/mf

+//Final temperature(in K):

+TF=(md*Cv*Td+mc*Cvn*Tc)/(mf*CvF)

+//Final volume(in m^3):

+VF=va+vb+vc

+//Final pressure(in kPa):

+pF=mf*RF*TF/VF

+//Change in entropy(in kJ/K):

+dS2=md*(Cp*log(TF/Td)-Ra*log(pF/(pd*10^2)))+mc*(Cpn*log(TF/Tc)-Rn*log(pF/(pc*10^2)))

+printf("\nEntropy change in case 2 = %f kJ/K",dS2)
\ No newline at end of file