From 7f9774a5323ebaf3d47e1178483ea5c1891aca77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: prashantsinalkar Date: Wed, 8 May 2019 12:19:42 +0530 Subject: initial commit / add all books --- 3883/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.10/EX1_10.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.11/EX1_11.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.12/EX1_12.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.13/EX1_13.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.14/EX1_14.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.15/EX1_15.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.16/EX1_16.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.2/EX1_2.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.3/EX1_3.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.4/EX1_4.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.5/EX1_5.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.6/EX1_6.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.7/EX1_7.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.8/EX1_8.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH1/EX1.9/EX1_9.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.1/EX10_1.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.10/EX10_10.sce | 56 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.11/EX10_11.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.12/EX10_12.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.13/EX10_13.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.14/EX10_14.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.15/EX10_15.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.16/EX10_16.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.17/EX10_17.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.18/EX10_18.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.19/EX10_19.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.2/EX10_2.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.3/EX10_3.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.4/EX10_4.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.5/EX10_5.sce | 40 ++++++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.6/EX10_6.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.7/EX10_7.sce | 53 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.8/EX10_8.sce | 44 +++++++++++++++ 3883/CH10/EX10.9/EX10_9.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.1/EX11_1.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.2/EX11_2.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.3/EX11_3.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.4/EX11_4.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.5/EX11_5.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.6/EX11_6.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.7/EX11_7.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.8/EX11_8.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH11/EX11.9/EX11_9.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.1/EX12_1.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.10/EX12_10.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.11/EX12_11.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.12/EX12_12.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.2/EX12_2.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.3/EX12_3.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.4/EX12_4.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.5/EX12_5.sce | 25 +++++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.6/EX12_6.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.7/EX12_7.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.8/EX12_8.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH12/EX12.9/EX12_9.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.1/EX13_1.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.10/EX13_10.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.11/EX13_11.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.13/EX13_13.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.14/EX13_14.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.15/EX13_15.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.16/EX13_16.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.17/EX13_17.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.18/EX13_18.sce | 7 +++ 3883/CH13/EX13.19/EX13_19.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.2/EX13_2.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.20/EX13_20.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.21/EX13_21.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.22/EX13_22.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.23/EX13_23.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.24/EX13_24.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.3/EX13_3.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.4/EX13_4.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.5/EX13_5.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.6/EX13_6.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.7/EX13_7.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.8/EX13_8.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH13/EX13.9/EX13_9.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.1/EX14_1.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.10/EX14_10.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.11/EX14_11.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.12/EX14_12.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.13/EX14_13.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.14/EX14_14.sce | 32 +++++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.15/EX14_15.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.16/EX14_16.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.17/EX14_17.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.18/EX14_18.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.19/EX14_19.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.2/EX14_2.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.20/EX14_20.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.21/EX14_21.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.22/EX14_22.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.23/EX14_23.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.24/EX14_24.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.25/EX14_25.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.26/EX14_26.sce | 81 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.29/EX14_29.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.3/EX14_3.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.30/EX14_30.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.31/EX14_31.sce | 45 +++++++++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.32/EX14_32.sce | 53 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.4/EX14_4.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.5/EX14_5.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.6/EX14_6.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.7/EX14_7.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.8/EX14_8.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH14/EX14.9/EX14_9.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.1/EX15_1.sce | 35 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.10/EX15_10.sce | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.11/EX15_11.sce | 80 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.12/EX15_12.sce | 90 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.13/EX15_13.sce | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.14/EX15_14.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.15/EX15_15.sce | 50 +++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.16/EX15_16.sce | 40 ++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.17/EX15_17.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.18/EX15_18.sce | 95 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.2/EX15_2.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.3/EX15_3.sce | 38 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.4/EX15_4.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.5/EX15_5.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.6/EX15_6.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.7/EX15_7.sce | 31 +++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.8/EX15_8.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH15/EX15.9/EX15_9.sce | 54 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.1/EX16_1.sce | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.2/EX16_2.sce | 55 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.3/EX16_3.sce | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.4/EX16_4.sce | 70 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.5/EX16_5.sce | 49 +++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.6/EX16_6.sce | 43 +++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.7/EX16_7.sce | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH16/EX16.8/EX16_8.sce | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.1/EX17_1.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.12/EX17_12.sce | 70 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.16/EX17_16.sce | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.17/EX17_17.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.19/EX17_19.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.2/EX17_2.sce | 53 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.20/EX17_20.sce | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.21/EX17_21.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.3/EX17_3.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.4/EX17_4.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.5/EX17_5.sce | 82 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH17/EX17.9/EX17_9.sce | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.1/EX18_1.sce | 68 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.14/EX18_14.sce | 53 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.15/EX18_15.sce | 55 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.16/EX18_16.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.19/EX18_19.sce | 55 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.2/EX18_2.sce | 51 +++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.20/EX18_20.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.21/EX18_21.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.3/EX18_3.sce | 41 ++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.4/EX18_4.sce | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.5/EX18_5.sce | 46 ++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.7/EX18_7.sce | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.8/EX18_8.sce | 52 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH18/EX18.9/EX18_9.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.1/EX19_1.sce | 30 ++++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.2/EX19_2.sce | 44 +++++++++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.3/EX19_3.sce | 76 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.4/EX19_4.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.5/EX19_5.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.6/EX19_6.sce | 29 ++++++++++ 3883/CH19/EX19.7/EX19_7.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce | 9 +++ 3883/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce | 9 +++ 3883/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.1/EX20_1.sce | 32 +++++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.10/EX20_10.sce | 21 +++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.11/EX20_11.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.2/EX20_2.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.3/EX20_3.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.4/EX20_4.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.5/EX20_5.sce | 25 +++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.6/EX20_6.sce | 31 +++++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.7/EX20_7.sce | 65 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.8/EX20_8.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3883/CH20/EX20.9/EX20_9.sce | 42 ++++++++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.1/EX21_1.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.10/EX21_10.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.2/EX21_2.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.3/EX21_3.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.4/EX21_4.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.5/EX21_5.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.6/EX21_6.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.7/EX21_7.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH21/EX21.8/EX21_8.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.1/EX22_1.sce | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.2/EX22_2.sce | 55 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.3/EX22_3.sce | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.4/EX22_4.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.5/EX22_5.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.6/EX22_6.sce | 52 ++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.7/EX22_7.sce | 56 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.8/EX22_8.sce | 81 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH22/EX22.9/EX22_9.sce | 104 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.1/EX23_1.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.10/EX23_10.sce | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.11/EX23_11.sce | 57 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.12/EX23_12.sce | 124 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.2/EX23_2.sce | 25 +++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.3/EX23_3.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.4/EX23_4.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.5/EX23_5.sce | 46 ++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.6/EX23_6.sce | 51 +++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.7/EX23_7.sce | 43 +++++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.8/EX23_8.sce | 38 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH23/EX23.9/EX23_9.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.1/EX24_1.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.10/EX24_10.sce | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.11/EX24_11.sce | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.2/EX24_2.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.3/EX24_3.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.4/EX24_4.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.5/EX24_5.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.6/EX24_6.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.7/EX24_7.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.8/EX24_8.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH24/EX24.9/EX24_9.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.2/EX25_2.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.3/EX25_3.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.4/EX25_4.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.5/EX25_5.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.6/EX25_6.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.7/EX25_7.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH25/EX25.8/EX25_8.sce | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.1/EX26_1.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.11/EX26_11.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX12_12.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX26_12.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.2/EX26_2.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.3/EX26_3.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.4/EX26_4.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.5/EX26_5.sce | 35 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.6/EX26_6.sce | 56 +++++++++++++++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.7/EX26_7.sce | 31 +++++++++++ 3883/CH26/EX26.9/EX26_9.sce | 31 +++++++++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.1/EX3_1.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.10/EX3_10.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.11/EX3_11.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.12/EX3_12.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.14/EX3_14.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.2/EX3_3.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.3/EX3_3.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.4/EX3_4.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.5/EX3_5.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.6/EX3_6.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.7/EX3_7.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.8/EX3_8.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH3/EX3.9/EX3_9.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.1/EX4_1.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.10/EX4_10.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.11/EX4_11.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.12/EX4_12.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.13/EX4_13.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.14/EX4_14.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.15/EX4_15.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.16/EX4_16.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.17/EX4_17.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.18/EX4_18.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.19/EX4_19.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.2/EX4_2.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.3/EX4_3.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.4/EX4_4.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.5/EX4_5.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.6/EX4_6.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.7/EX4_7.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.8/EX4_8.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH4/EX4.9/EX4_9.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.1/EX5_1.sce | 32 +++++++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.10/EX5_10.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.11/EX5_11.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.12/EX5_12.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.13/EX5_13.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.14/EX5_14.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.15/EX5_15.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.16/EX5_16.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.17/EX5_17.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.18/EX5_18.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.19/EX5_19.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.2/EX5_2.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.20/EX5_20.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.21/EX5_21.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.22/EX5_22.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.23/EX5_23.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.24/EX5_24.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.3/EX5_3.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.4/EX5_4.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.5/EX5_5.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.6/EX5_6.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.7/EX5_7.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.8/EX5_8.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH5/EX5.9/EX5_9.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.1/EX6_1.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.10/EX6_10.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.11/EX6_11.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.12/EX6_12.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.13/EX6_13.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.14/EX6_14.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.15/EX6_15.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.16/EX6_16.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.17/EX6_17.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.18/EX6_18.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.19/EX6_19.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.2/EX6_2.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.20/EX6_20.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.21/EX6_21.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.22/EX6_22.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.23/EX6_23.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.24/EX6_24.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.25/EX6_25.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.26/EX6_26.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.3/EX6_3.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.4/EX6_4.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.5/EX6_5.sce | 10 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.6/EX6_6.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.7/EX6_7.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.8/EX6_8.sce | 11 ++++ 3883/CH6/EX6.9/EX6_9.sce | 12 ++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.1/EX7_1.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.10/EX7_10.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.11/EX7_11.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.12/EX7_12.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.2/EX7_2.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.sce | 35 ++++++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.4/EX7_4.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.5/EX7_5.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.6/EX7_6.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.7/EX7_7.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.8/EX7_8.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3883/CH7/EX7.9/EX7_9.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.1/EX8_1.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.2/EX8_2.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.3/EX8_3.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.4/EX8_4.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.5/EX8_5.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.6/EX8_6.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.7/EX8_7.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.8/EX8_8.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH8/EX8.9/EX8_9.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.1/EX9_1.sce | 16 ++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.10/EX9_10.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.11/EX9_11.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.12/EX9_12.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.13/EX9_13.sce | 20 +++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.14/EX9_14.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.15/EX9_15.sce | 13 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.16/EX9_16.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.17/EX9_17.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.18/EX9_18.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.19/EX9_19.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.2/EX9_2.sce | 19 +++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.3/EX9_3.sce | 17 ++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.4/EX9_4.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.5/EX9_5.sce | 18 ++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.6/EX9_6.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.7/EX9_7.sce | 15 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.8/EX9_8.sce | 14 +++++ 3883/CH9/EX9.9/EX9_9.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.png | Bin 0 -> 9617 bytes 3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 23781 bytes 3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14194 bytes 3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 12406 bytes 3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14468 bytes 3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15789 bytes 3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce | 15 +++++ 3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13864 bytes 3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce | 19 +++++++ 3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15776 bytes 3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13967 bytes 3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce | 15 +++++ 3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14505 bytes 3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 22140 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13523 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce | 16 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.jpg | Bin 0 -> 11809 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce | 17 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 12083 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14980 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15555 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce | 16 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 24971 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16891 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce | 16 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.jpg | Bin 0 -> 22625 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.jpg | Bin 0 -> 19984 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15183 bytes 3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 17280 bytes 3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14917 bytes 3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 11004 bytes 3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15902 bytes 3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 4363 bytes 3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce | 56 +++++++++++++++++++ 3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14040 bytes 3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce | 19 +++++++ 3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14243 bytes 3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce | 17 ++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15940 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce | 33 +++++++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15116 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15125 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 18668 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 12884 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14127 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13371 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce | 29 ++++++++++ 3893/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.jpg | Bin 0 -> 30440 bytes 3893/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3893/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 17119 bytes 3893/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce | 49 +++++++++++++++++ 3893/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 30582 bytes 3893/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce | 37 +++++++++++++ 3893/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 11264 bytes 3893/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 19187 bytes 3893/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce | 29 ++++++++++ 3893/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 18170 bytes 3893/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce | 32 +++++++++++ 3893/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 11414 bytes 3893/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 22089 bytes 3893/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce | 40 ++++++++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13643 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16649 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16710 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16969 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce | 25 +++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14252 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14897 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce | 17 ++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15898 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.jpg | Bin 0 -> 18844 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.jpg | Bin 0 -> 18267 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3893/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16835 bytes 3893/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3893/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13507 bytes 3893/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16430 bytes 3893/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce | 16 ++++++ 3893/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 22195 bytes 3893/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce | 41 ++++++++++++++ 3893/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13333 bytes 3893/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce | 20 +++++++ 3893/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 164966 bytes 3893/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.jpg | Bin 0 -> 12481 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce | 15 +++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15578 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce | 21 +++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15596 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.jpg | Bin 0 -> 15146 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce | 16 ++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.jpg | Bin 0 -> 14858 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce | 19 +++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.jpg | Bin 0 -> 19972 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce | 18 ++++++ 3893/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.jpg | Bin 0 -> 16482 bytes 3893/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce | 19 +++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce | 51 +++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce | 28 ++++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce | 21 +++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce | 21 +++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce | 49 +++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce | 31 +++++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce | 51 +++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3905/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce | 43 +++++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.11/Ex3_11.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce | 43 +++++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce | 35 ++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce | 20 +++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.17/Ex3_17.sce | 37 +++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce | 42 ++++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce | 47 ++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce | 39 +++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce | 43 +++++++++++++++ 3905/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce | 32 +++++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce | 30 ++++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce | 34 ++++++++++++ 3905/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3905/CH5/EX5.10/Ex5_10.sce | 30 ++++++++++ 3905/CH5/EX5.13/Ex5_13.sce | 30 ++++++++++ 3905/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce | 23 ++++++++ 3905/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++ 3905/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3905/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce | 36 ++++++++++++ 3905/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce | 38 +++++++++++++ 3905/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce | 30 ++++++++++ 3905/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce | 21 +++++++ 3905/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce | 26 +++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.16/Ex8_16.sce | 21 +++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.18/Ex8_18.sce | 19 +++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce | 27 +++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce | 24 ++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce | 41 ++++++++++++++ 3905/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce | 22 ++++++++ 3905/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce | 40 ++++++++++++++ 549 files changed, 12726 insertions(+) create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.10/EX1_10.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.11/EX1_11.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.12/EX1_12.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.13/EX1_13.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.14/EX1_14.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.15/EX1_15.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.16/EX1_16.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.2/EX1_2.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.3/EX1_3.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.4/EX1_4.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.5/EX1_5.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.6/EX1_6.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.7/EX1_7.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.8/EX1_8.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH1/EX1.9/EX1_9.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.1/EX10_1.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.10/EX10_10.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.11/EX10_11.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.12/EX10_12.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.13/EX10_13.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.14/EX10_14.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.15/EX10_15.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.16/EX10_16.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.17/EX10_17.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.18/EX10_18.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.19/EX10_19.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.2/EX10_2.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.3/EX10_3.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.4/EX10_4.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.5/EX10_5.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.6/EX10_6.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.7/EX10_7.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.8/EX10_8.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH10/EX10.9/EX10_9.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH11/EX11.1/EX11_1.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH11/EX11.2/EX11_2.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH11/EX11.3/EX11_3.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH11/EX11.4/EX11_4.sce create mode 100644 3883/CH11/EX11.5/EX11_5.sce create mode 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mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.17/Ex3_17.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH5/EX5.10/Ex5_10.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH5/EX5.13/Ex5_13.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.16/Ex8_16.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.18/Ex8_18.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce create mode 100644 3905/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1507fc4f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 532.6 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 4.02 //(a) unit less variable +a3 = 0.036 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 0.04 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 0.003 //(b) unit less variable +b3 = 0.0064 //(b) unit less variable +c1 = 4.632 //(c) unit less variable +c2 = 2.4 //(c) unit less variable +d1 = 3.051 //(d) unit less variable +d2 = 802 //(d) unit less variable +e1 = 1402 //(e) unit less variable +e2 = 6.4 //(e) unit less variable +f1 = 0.0046 //(f) unit less variable +f2 = 0.05 //(f) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1+a2+a3 //addition function +//(b) +b = b1+b2+b3 //addition function +//(c) +c = c1*c2 //Multiplication function +//(d) +d = d1*d2 //Multiplication function +//(e) +e = e1/e2 //Division function +//(f) +f = f1/f2 //Division function + +//Results +printf("(a) %.1f + %.2f + %.3f = %.3f = %.1f \n",a1,a2,a3,a,a) +printf("(b) %.2f + %.3f + %.4f = %.4f = %.2f \n",b1,b2,b3,b,b) +printf("(c) %.3f * %.1f = %.4f = %d \n",c1,c2,c,c) +printf("(d) %.3f * %.0f = %.3f = %d \n",d1,d2,d,d) +printf("(e) %.0f / %.1f = %.4f = %d \n",e1,e2,e,e) +printf("(f) %.4f / %.2f = %.4f = %.2f",f1,f2,f,f) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.10/EX1_10.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.10/EX1_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d0a9d5e28 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.10/EX1_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 1000000 //in ohms +b = 1000000 //in meters +c = 0.0001 //in second +d = 0.000001 //in farad + +//Results +printf("(a) %d x 10^6 ohms = %d megaohm \n",a/10**6,a/10**6) +printf("(b) %d x 10^3 meters = %d kilometers \n",b/10**4,b/10**4) +printf("(c) %.1f x 10-3 second = %.1f millisecond \n",c*1000,c*10**3) +printf("(d) %d x 10-6 farad = %d microfarad",d*10**6,d*10**6) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.11/EX1_11.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.11/EX1_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5b70316c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.11/EX1_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 41200 //in meter +b = 0.00956 //in Joule +c = 0.000768 //in sec +d1 = 8400 //in meter +d2 = 0.06 //in meter +e1 = 0.0003 //in sec + +//Calculation +d = d1/d2 //in meter +e = e1^4 //in sec + +//Results +printf("(a) %.1f km \n",a/1000) +printf("(b) %.2f mJ \n",b*1000) +printf("(c) %d us \n",c*10**6) +printf("(d) %d km \n",d/1000) +printf("(e) %.4f ps",e*10**12) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.12/EX1_12.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.12/EX1_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d4de4a09f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.12/EX1_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 20*10^3 //frequency in hertz +b = 0.01 //timeperiod in millisec +c = 0.002 //in Km + +//Results +printf("(a) %.2f MHz \n",a/10**6) +printf("(b) %d us \n",b*10**3) +printf("(c) %d mm",c*10**6) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.13/EX1_13.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.13/EX1_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fcbc88885 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.13/EX1_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 6.8 //time in minutes +a2 = 60 //60second in 1 minute +b1 = 0.24 //measurement in meter +b2 = 100 //100centimeter in 1 meter + +//Calculation +a = a1*a2 +b = b1*b2 + +//Results +printf("(a) %d s \n",a) +printf("(b) %d cm",b) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.14/EX1_14.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.14/EX1_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08d6b739f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.14/EX1_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 0.5 //half day +a2 = 24 //24hours in 1day +a3 = 60 //60minutes in 1hour +b1 =2.2 //yards +b2 = 3 //3ft in 1 yard +b3 = 12 //12inches in 1ft +b4 = 39.37 //in inches + +//Calculation +a = a1*a2*a3 +b = (b1*b2*b3)/b4 + +//Results +printf("(a) %d min \n",a) +printf("(b) %.3f m",b) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.15/EX1_15.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.15/EX1_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..222afce89 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.15/EX1_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 =100 //in kilometers +a2 = 1000 //in meters +a3 = 39.37 //in inches +a4 = 12 //in inches +a5 = 5280 //in ft +b1 = 60 //in minutes +b2 = 4 //in hours + +//Calculation +a = (a1*a2*a3)/(a4*a5) +b = b1/b2 + +//Results +printf("(a) %.2f mi/h \n",a) +printf("(b) %d mi/h",b) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.16/EX1_16.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.16/EX1_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e5ad03006 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.16/EX1_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 9 +a2 = 3 +c1 = 3 +c2 = 9 +c3 = 4 +d1 = 1/4 +d2 = 1/6 +d3 = 2/3 + +//Calculation +a = sqrt(a1/a2) +b = (c1+c2)/c3 +c = d1+d2+d3 + +//Results +printf("(a) %.2f \n",a) +printf("(b) %.d \n",b) +printf("(c) %.2f ",c) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.2/EX1_2.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.2/EX1_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77223e048 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.2/EX1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 1000 //(a) unit less variable +b = 0.00001 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a1 = 1/a //inverse function +//(b) +b1 = 1/b //inverse function + +//Results +printf("(a) %d^-3 \n",a1*10000) +printf("(b) %d^+5",round(b1/10000)) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.3/EX1_3.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.3/EX1_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..79d272f3c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.3/EX1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 1000 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 10000 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 0.00001 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 100 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1*a2 //multiplication function +//(b) +b = b1*b2 //multiplication function +//Results +printf("(a) %d^7 \n",a/1000000) +printf("(b) %d^-3",b*10000) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.4/EX1_4.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.4/EX1_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7095c4742 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.4/EX1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 100000 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 100 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 1000 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 0.0001 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1/a2 //Division function +//(b) +b = b1/b2 //Division function +//Results +printf("(a) %d^3 \n",a/100) +printf("(b) %d^7",b/1000000) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.5/EX1_5.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.5/EX1_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4f3bb8445 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.5/EX1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 100 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 1000 //(b) unit less variable +c1 = 0.01 //(c) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1^4 //multiplication function +//(b) +b = b1^-2 //multiplication function +//(c) +c = c1^-3 //multiplication function +//Results +printf("(a) %d^8 \n",a/10000000) +printf("(b) %d^-6 \n",b*10000000) +printf("(c) %d^6",round(c/100000)) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.6/EX1_6.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.6/EX1_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..da3eb986d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.6/EX1_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 6300 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 75000 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 0.00096 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 0.000086 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1 + a2 //addition function +//(b) +b = b1 - b2 //subtraction function +//Results +printf("(a) %.1f x 10^3 \n",a/1000) +printf("(b) %.1f x 10^-5",b*100000) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.7/EX1_7.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.7/EX1_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..93812f4c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.7/EX1_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 0.0002 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 0.000007 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 340000 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 0.00061 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1*a2 //multiplication function +//(b) +b = b1*b2 //multiplication function +//Results +printf("(a) %d x 10^-10 \n",a*10000000000) +printf("(b) %.1f",b) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.8/EX1_8.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.8/EX1_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..538619f4c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.8/EX1_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 0.00047 //(a) unit less variable +a2 = 0.002 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 690000 //(b) unit less variable +b2 = 0.00000013 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1/a2 //division function +//(b) +b = b1/b2 //division function +//Results +printf("(a) %.1f x 10^-2 \n",a*100) +printf("(b) %.2f x 10^12",b/1000000000000) diff --git a/3883/CH1/EX1.9/EX1_9.sce b/3883/CH1/EX1.9/EX1_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..500898267 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH1/EX1.9/EX1_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 1, Example 1.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 0.00003 //(a) unit less variable +b1 = 90800000 //(b) unit less variable + +//Calculation +//(a) +a = a1**3 //multiplication function +//(b) +b = b1**2 //multiplication function +//Results +printf("(a) %d x 10^-15\n",a*10**15) +printf("(b) %.4f x 10^14",b/10**14) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.1/EX10_1.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.1/EX10_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..83fa701a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.1/EX10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c11=5*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c12=0.1*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c13=20*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c14=1000*10^-12 //capacitance in farad + +//Calculation +c1 = 3*(c11) //capacitance in farad +c2 = 0.5*(c12) //capacitance in farad +c3 = 2.5*(c13) //capacitance in farad +c4 = 5*4*(c14)/(1/8) //capacitance in farad + +//Results +printf("a. C = %.f uF \n",c1*10^6) +printf("b. C = %.2f uF \n",c2*10^6) +printf("c. C = %.f uF \n",c3*10^6) +printf("d. C = %.2f uF \n",c4*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.10/EX10_10.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.10/EX10_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ff8243ba --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.10/EX10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 60*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 30*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 10*10^3 //resistance in ohms +vi = 5.44 //voltage +vf = 0 //voltage +c=0.2*10**-6 //capacitance in farad +e=21 //emf in voltage + +//Calculation +rth = ((r1*r2)/(r1+r2))+r3 //applying tevenin's theorem +eth = r2*e/(r2+r1) //in volts +t=rth*c //time constant +vc1 = eth //vc at switch position1 +ic = eth/r2 //ic at switch position1 +vc = vf +(vi-vf) //vc at switch position2 +ii = vc/r3 //current in amperes +t1=r3*c //time constant +ic1 = -ii //ic at switch position2 + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : 0.001 : 0.035 +x2 = 0 : 0.0005 : 0.05 +y1=eth*(1-exp(-x1/t)) +y2=vc*(exp(-x2/t1)) +i1=ic*(exp(-x1/t)) +i2=ic1*(exp(-x2/t1)) + +subplot(221) +plot2d(x1, y1) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("vc (V)") +xtitle('Vc Charging') +subplot(222) +plot2d(x2, y2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("vc (V)") +xtitle('Vc Discharging') +subplot(223) +plot2d(x1, i1) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle('ic Charging') +subplot(224) +plot2d(x2, i2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle('ic Discharging') + +//Results +printf("a. vc = %d(1-e^-t/6ms) \n",vc1) +printf(" ic = (%.3f x 10^-3)(e^-t/6ms) \n",ic*10^3) +printf("b. vc = %.2f(e^-t/2ms) \n",vc) +printf(" ic = (%.2f x 10^-3)(e^-t/2ms) \n",ic1*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.11/EX10_11.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.11/EX10_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e82db9271 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.11/EX10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r2 = 5*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r1 = 7*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 18*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 2*10^3 //resistance in ohms +e = 120 //voltage +c = 40*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +vi = 40 //voltage across capacitor + +//Calculation +eth = (r3*e)/(r3+r1+r4) //in volts +rth = ((r2+r3)*(r2+r3))/((r2+r3)+(r2+r3)) //resistance in ohms +t = rth*c //time constant +vc = vi //Vc after closing switch + +//Results +printf("vc = %dV - %dV(e^-t/0.44s) \n",eth,vc) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.12/EX10_12.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.12/EX10_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..725f25658 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.12/EX10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 10 //resistance in ohms +c = 500*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +i = 20*10^-3 //source current in ampere + +//Calculation +rth = r1+r2 //resistance in ohms +eth = i*r1 //voltage +t = rth*c //time constant +vc = eth //voltage + +//Results +printf("vc = %.2f(1-e^-t/8ms) \n",vc) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.13/EX10_13.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.13/EX10_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e76a14364 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.13/EX10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +delv = 4 //change in voltage +delt = 2*10^-3 //change in time (sec) +c = 2*10^-6 //capacitor in farad +delv1 = 0 //change in voltage +delt1 = 6*10^-3 //change in time (sec) + +//Calculation +ic = c*delv/(delt) //current in amperes +ic1 = c*delv1/delt //current in amperes +ic2 = -c*delv/delt1 //current in amperes + +x1 = 0: 0.0009 : 0.002 +x3 = 0.005 : 0.0009: 0.011 + +ic11=[ic ic ic] +ic12=[ic2 ic2 ic2 ic2 ic2 ic2 ic2] +plot(x1, ic11,'LineWidth', 2) +plot(x3, ic12) +a=gca(); // Handle on axes entity +a.x_location = "origin"; +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle('Average Current') + + + +//Results +printf("a. ic = %d mA \n",ic*10^3) +printf("b. ic = %d \n",ic1) +printf("c. ic = %.2f mA \n",ic2*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.14/EX10_14.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.14/EX10_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a0cb1f1cb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.14/EX10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c1 = 200*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c2 = 50*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c3 = 10*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +e = 60 //voltage + +//Calculation +ctt = (1/c1)+(1/c2)+(1/c3) +ct = 1/ctt //total capacitance in farad +qt = ct*e //charge on each plate +v1 = qt/c1 //voltage across each capacitor +v2 = qt/c2 //voltage across each capacitor +v3 = qt/c3 //voltage across each capacitor +e = v1+v2+v3 //voltage + +//Results +printf("a. Ct = %d uF \n",ct*10^6) +printf("b. Qt = %d uF \n",qt*10^6) +printf("c. V1 = %.1f V \n",v1) +printf(" V2 = %.1f V \n",v2) +printf(" V3 = %.1f V \n",v3) +printf(" E = %d V \n",e) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.15/EX10_15.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.15/EX10_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..585ed237f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.15/EX10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c1 = 800*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c2 = 60*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c3 = 1200*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +e = 48 //voltage + +//Calculation +ct = c1+c2+c3 //total capacitance in farad +q1 = c1*e //charge on each plate in coulombs +q2 = c2*e //charge on each plate in coulombs +q3 = c3*e //charge on each plate in coulombs +qt = q1+q2+q3 //total charge in coulombs + +//Results +printf("a. Ct = %d uF \n",ct*10^6) +printf("b. Q1 = %.1f mC \n",q1*10^3) +printf(" Q2 = %.2f mC \n",q2*10^3) +printf(" Q3 = %.1f mC \n",q3*10^3) +printf("c. Qt = %.2f mC \n",qt*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.16/EX10_16.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.16/EX10_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f02b6b4e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.16/EX10_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c1 = 3*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c2 = 4*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c3 = 2*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +e = 120 //voltage + +//Calculation +ct1 = c2+c3 //capacitance in farad +ct = (c1*ct1)/(c1+ct1) //capacitance in farad +qt = ct*e //charge in coulombs +q1 = qt //charge of C1 in coulombs +v1 = q1/c1 //voltage1 of C1 in coulombs +qt1 = q1 //charge in coulombs +vt1 = qt1/ct1 //voltage total +q2 = c2*vt1 //charge of C2 +q3 = c3*vt1 //charge of C3 + +//Results +printf("Qt = %d uC \n",qt*10^6) +printf("Q1 = %d uC \n",q1*10^6) +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("Vt = %d uC \n",vt1) +printf("Q2 = %d uC \n",q2*10^6) +printf("Q3 = %d uC \n",q3*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.17/EX10_17.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.17/EX10_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f0488ae0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.17/EX10_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 8 //resistance in ohms +e = 24 //voltage +c1 = 20*10^-6 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +vc = (r2*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage across capacitor +q1 = c1*vc //charge in coulombs + +//Results +printf("Vc = %d V \n",vc) +printf("Q1 = %d uC \n",q1*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.18/EX10_18.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.18/EX10_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..92097a0a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.18/EX10_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1= 2 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 7 //resistance in ohms +r3 =8 //resistance in ohms +e = 72 //voltage +c1 = 2*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c2 = 3*10^-6 //capacitance in farad + +//Calculation +vc2 = (r2*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage across C2 +vc1 = (r1*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage across C1 +q1 = c1*vc1 //charge of C1 +q2 = c2*vc2 //charge of C2 + +//Results +printf("Vc2 = %d V \n",vc2) +printf("Vc1 = %d V \n",vc1) +printf("Q1 = %d uC \n",q1*10^6) +printf("Q2 = %d uC \n",q2*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.19/EX10_19.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.19/EX10_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3f2163dbe --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.19/EX10_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c1 = 2*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +v1 = 16 //voltage +c2 = 3*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +v2 = 56 //voltage + +//Calculation +wc = c1*v1*v1/2 //energy of charge in joule +wc1 = c2*v2*v2/2 //energy of charge in joule + +//Results +printf("Wc = %d uJ \n",wc*10^6) +printf("Wc = %d uJ \n",wc1*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.2/EX10_2.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.2/EX10_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f14386481 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.2/EX10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 0.01 //area of plate in meter square +d = 1.5*10^-3 //distance in meter +eo = 8.85*10^-12 //permittivity +v = 450 //voltage + +//Calculation +c = eo*a/d //capacitance in farad +E = v/d //electric field in V/m +q = c*v //charge on each plate in Coulomb + +//Results +printf("a. C = %.f pF \n",c*10^12) +printf("b. E = %d x 10^3 V/m \n",E/1000) +printf("c. Q = %.2f nC \n",q*10^9) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.3/EX10_3.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.3/EX10_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12f6421bc --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.3/EX10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v = 450 //voltage +d = 1.5*10^3 //distance in meter +a = 0.01 //area of plate in meter square +er = 5 //permittivity +eo = 8.855*10^-12 //permittivity +C = 59*10^-12 //capacitance in farad + +//Calculation +E = v/d //electric field in V/m +q = er*eo*E*a //charge on each plate in coulomb +c = er*C //capacitance in farad + +//Results +printf("E = %.1f V/m \n",E) //wrong answer in textbook +printf("Q = %f nC \n",q*10^9) //wrong answer in textbook +printf("C = %d pF \n",c*10^12) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.4/EX10_4.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.4/EX10_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..99b8f18b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.4/EX10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c = 0.2*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +a = 0.3 //area of plate in meter square +er = 6 //permittivity +di = 200 //dielectric strength + +//Calculation +d = (8.85*er*a)/(10^12*c) //find distance in micrometer +d1 = d*(39.371)*1000 //converting micrometer to mils +d2 = di*d1 + +//Results +printf("d = %.2f um \n",d*10^6) +printf("V = %.2f V \n",d2) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.5/EX10_5.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.5/EX10_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae2b52199 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.5/EX10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ + //Chapter 10, Example 10.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r = 8000 //resistance in ohms +e = 40 //voltage +c = 4*10^-6 //capacitor in farad +m = -1/(32*10^-3) + +//Calculation +t = r*c //time constant +vc = e //in volts +ic = e/r //in ampere +vr = e //in volts +b = 5*t //time constant + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : t : 1 +y1=vc*(1- exp(-x1/t)) +i1=ic*(1- exp(-x1/t)) +vr1=vc*(exp(-x1/t)) + +subplot(221) +plot(x1, y1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("vc (V)"); +subplot(222) +plot(x1, i1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("ic (mA)"); +subplot(223) +plot(x1, vr1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("vR (V)"); + +//Results +printf("a. t = %d ms \n",t*10^3) +printf(" Vc = %d*(1-e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",vc) +printf(" ic = (%d x 10^-3)*(e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",ic*1000) +printf(" vr = %d*(e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",vr) +printf("b = %d ms",b*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.6/EX10_6.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.6/EX10_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a868aa440 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.6/EX10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +t = 32*10^-3 //time in seconds +e = 40 //voltage +r = 8000 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +vc = e //voltage +ic = -e/r //in ampere +vr = -e //voltage + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : t : 1 +y1=vc*(exp(-x1/t)) +i1=ic*(exp(-x1/t)) +vr1=-vc*(exp(-x1/t)) + +subplot(221) +plot(x1, y1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("vc (V)"); +subplot(222) +plot(x1, i1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("ic (mA)"); +subplot(223) +plot(x1, vr1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("vR (V)"); + +//Results +printf("a. t = %d ms \n",t*10^3) +printf(" Vc = %d*(e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",vc) +printf(" ic = (%d x 10^-3)*(e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",ic*1000) +printf(" vr = %d*(e^-t/(32*10^-3)) \n",vr) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.7/EX10_7.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.7/EX10_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3b1bf94af --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.7/EX10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 100*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 200*10^3 //resistance in ohms +e = 10 //voltage +c = 0.05*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +t3=0.045 + +//Calculation +vc = e //voltage across the capacitor +t = r1*c //time constant +ic = e/r1 //current across the capacitor +t1 = r2*c //time constant +ic2 = -e/r2 //in ampere + + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : 0.01 : t3 +x2 = t3 : 0.01 : 1 +y1=vc*(1-exp(-x1/t)) +y2=vc*(exp(-x2/t1)) +i1=ic*(exp(-x1/t)) +i2=ic2*(exp(-x2/t1)) + +subplot(221) +plot(x1, y1) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("vc (V)") +xtitle('Vc Charging') +subplot(222) +plot(x2, y2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("vc (V)") +xtitle('Vc Discharging') +subplot(223) +plot(x1, i1) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle('ic Charging') +subplot(224) +plot(x2, i2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle('ic Discharging') + +//Results +printf("a. vc = %d(1-e^-t/(5*10^-3)) \n",vc) +printf("b. ic = (%.1f x 10^-3)(e^-t/(5*10^-3)) \n",ic*10^3) +printf("c. vc = %d V \n",vc) +printf(" ic = %d A \n",ic) +printf("d. vc = %d(e^-t/(10*10^-3)) \n",vc) +printf(" ic = (%.2f x 10^-3)(e^-t/(10*10^-3)) \n",ic2*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.8/EX10_8.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.8/EX10_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..84aebf888 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.8/EX10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 5000 //resistance in ohms +e = 20 //voltage +r2 = 1000 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 3000 //resistance in ohms +c = 10*10^-6 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +vc = e //voltage across capacitor +t1 = (r1+r3)*c //time constant +t2 = (r2+r3)*c //time constant +ic = e/(r1+r3) //current across capacitor +vc1 = 0.632*e //Vc when switch at position2 +ic1 = -vc1/(r2+r3) //Ic when switch at position2 + + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : 0.001 : t1 +x2 = t1 : 0.001 : 0.4 +y1=vc*(1- exp(-x1/t1)) +y2=vc1*(exp(-x2/t2)) +i1=ic*(exp(-x1/t1)) +i2=ic1*(exp(-x2/t2)) + +subplot(221) +plot(x1, y1) +plot(x2, y2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("vc (V)") + +subplot(222) +plot(x1, i1) +plot(x2, i2) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("ic (mA)") + +//Results +printf("a. vc = %d(1-e^-t/(80*10^-3)) \n",vc) +printf("b. ic = (%.1f x 10^-3)(e^-t/(80*10^-3)) \n",ic*10^3) +printf("c. vc = %.2f(e^-t/(40*10^-3)) \n",vc1) +printf("ic = %.2f x 10^-3(e^-t/(40*10^-3)) \n",ic1*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH10/EX10.9/EX10_9.sce b/3883/CH10/EX10.9/EX10_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca36133db --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH10/EX10.9/EX10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Chapter 10, Example 10.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2.2*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 1.2*10^3 //resistance in ohms +c = 3.3*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +e = 24 //voltage +vf = 24 //voltage +vi = 4 //voltage across capapcitor + +//Calculation +t = (r1+r2)*c //time constant +vc = (vi-vf) //Vc when switch close +im = (e-(vf+vc))/(r1+r2) //current in amperes +ic = im //current during the transient peroid + + +//for plotting graph +x1 = 0 : 0.001 : (5*t) +y1=vf-(-vc*exp(-x1/t)) +i1=(im*exp(-x1/t)) +subplot(221) +plot(x1, y1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("vc (V)"); +subplot(222) +plot(x1, i1) +xlabel("t"); +ylabel("ic (mA)"); + + +//Results +printf("a. vc = %dV %dV(e^-t/(11.22*10^-3ms)) \n",vf,vc) +printf("b. ic = %.2fmA(e^-t/(11.22*10^-3ms)) \n",ic*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.1/EX11_1.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.1/EX11_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ff24561cc --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.1/EX11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o = 6*10^-5 //flux in webers +a = 1.2*10^-3 //area in square meters + +//Calculation +b = o/a //Tesla in T + + +//Results +printf("B = %d x 10^-2 T \n",b*10^2) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.2/EX11_2.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.2/EX11_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..36a508845 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.2/EX11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 0.25 //area +b = 1.2 //tesla in T +//Calculation +A = a*(1/39.37)*(1/39.37) //area in square meter +o = b*A //flux in webers + +//Results +printf("O = %.3f x 10^-4 Wb ",o*10^4) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.3/EX11_3.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.3/EX11_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..485fd0f4f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.3/EX11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o = 4*10^-4 //magnetic flux in webers +a = 2*10^-3 //area in square meter +h = 170 //magnetizing force in At/m +l = 0.16 //mean length in meter +n = 400 //number of turns +uo = 12.56*10^-7 //magnetic permeability (uo) + +//Calculation +b = o/a //the flux density +I = h*l/n //applying ampere's circuital law in mA +u = b/h //the permeability of the material in Wb/A.m +ur = u/uo //relative permeability (ur) +//Results +printf("a. I = %d mA \n",I*10^3) +printf("b U = %f x 10^-3 Wb/A.m \n",u*10^3) +printf(" Ur = %.2f \n",ur) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.4/EX11_4.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.4/EX11_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a562092d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.4/EX11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o = 3.5*10-4 //magnetic flux in Wb +a = 6.452*10^-4 //area in square meter +hefab = 70 //magnetizing force sheet steel in At/m +hbcde = 1600 //magnetizing force cast iron in At/m +n = 50 //number of turns + +//Calculation +lefab = 4+4+4 //length of the material in inch +lbcde = 0.5+4+0.5 //length of the material in inch +lbcde1 = lbcde*(1/39.37) //in meters +lefab1 = lefab*(1/39.37) //in meters +b = o/a //flux density in T +q = (hefab*lefab1)+(hbcde*lbcde1) //in At +i = q/n //applying ampere's circuital law + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A \n",i) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.5/EX11_5.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.5/EX11_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b5499853 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.5/EX11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o = 1.5*10^-5 //magnetic flux in Wb +a = 0.15*10^-3 //area in square meter +habcda = 20 //in At/m +i1 = 2 //primary current in ampere +n1 = 60 //number of turn in 1st winding +n2 = 30 //number of turn in 2nd winding +labcda = 0.16 //in meter + +//Calculation +b = o/a //flux density +i2 = ((n1*i1)-(habcda*labcda))/n2 //secondary current + +//Results +printf("I2 = %.2f A \n",i2) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.6/EX11_6.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.6/EX11_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2a0cd1d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.6/EX11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o = 0.75*10^-4 //magnetic flux in Wb +a = 1.5*10^-4 //area in square meter +hcore = 280 //H(cast steel) in At/m +hg = 3.98*10^5 //in At/m +icore = 100*10^-3 //in meter +ig = 2*10^-3 //in meter +n = 200 //number of turns + +//Calculation +b = o/a //flux density +i = ((hcore*icore)+(hg*ig))/n //in ampere + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A \n",i) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.7/EX11_7.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.7/EX11_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e31813c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.7/EX11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +o2 = 1.5*10^-4 //magnetic flux in Wb +a = 6*10^-4 //area in square meter +hbcde = 40 //in At/m +ibcde = 0.2 //in meter +ibe = 0.05 //in meter +b1 = 0.97 //tesla in T +hefab = 400 //in At/m +iefab = 0.2 //in meter +n = 50 //number of turns +h1 = 40 //in At/m +uo = 12.57*10^-7 //megnetic permeability +h2 = 160 // in At/m +b3 = 0.25 //tesla in T + +//Calculation +b2 = o2/a //flux density in T +hbe = (hbcde*ibcde)/ibe //in At/m +o1 = b1*a //flux in Wb +ot = o1+o2 //flux in Wb +b = ot/a //flux density in T +i = ((hefab*iefab)+(hbe*ibe))/n //in ampere +u = b3/h1 //permeability +ur = u/uo //permeability +u1 = b1/h2 //permeability +ur1 = u1/uo //permeability +u4 = b/hefab //permeability +ur2 = u4/uo //permeability + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A \n",i) //required curent +printf("Ur = %.1f \n",ur) +printf("For section be, Ur = %d \n",ur1) +printf("For section efab, Ur = %.2f \n",ur2) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.8/EX11_8.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.8/EX11_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2775a3d99 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.8/EX11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n = 60 //numbers of turns +i = 5 //in ampere +labcda = 0.3 //in meter +b = 0.39 //in T +a = 2*10^-4 + +//Calculation +habcda = (n*i)/labcda //by Ampere's circuital law +o = b*a //magnetic flux in Wb + +//Results +printf("O = %.2f*10^-4 Wb",o*10^4) diff --git a/3883/CH11/EX11.9/EX11_9.sce b/3883/CH11/EX11.9/EX11_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e625157fe --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH11/EX11.9/EX11_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 11, Example 11.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n = 100 //number of turns +i = 4 //in ampere +ig = 0.001 //in meter +uo = 12.56*10^-7 //permeability +hcore = 850 //in At/m +lcore = 0.16 //in meter +a = 0.003 //area in meter square +hcore1 = 1500 //in At/m +lcore1 = 0.16 //in meter + +//Calculation +hg = (n*i)/ig //in At/m +bg = uo*hg //in T +o = bg*a //flux in Wb +ni1 = (hcore*lcore)+(hg*ig) //applying Ampere's circuital law +o1 = (1-0.3)*o //magnetic flux +b = o1/a //in T +hgig = (7.96*10^5)*b*ig //in At/m +ni = (hcore*lcore)+(hgig) //in At +hga = n*i //in At + +//Results +printf("NI = %.2f At > %d At \n",ni,hga) +printf("O = %.3f x 10^-3 Wb",o1*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.1/EX12_1.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.1/EX12_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8b58f871 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.1/EX12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +d = 4*10^-3 //diameter in meter square +n = 100 //number of turns +uo = 12.56*10^-7 //air in Wb/A.m +l = 0.1 //length of the core in meter + +//Calculation +a = (%pi*d*d)/4 //area of the core in square meter +lo = (n*n*uo*a)/l //inductance of the air-coil in H + +//Results +printf("Lo = %.2f uH",lo*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.10/EX12_10.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.10/EX12_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..78c866e24 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.10/EX12_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistance1 in ohms +r2 = 3 //resistance2 in ohms +e = 10 //voltage in volts + +//Calculation +il = e/(r1+r2) //load current in ampere +vc = (r2*e)/(r1+r2) //load voltage in volts + +//Results +printf("IL = %d A \n",il) +printf("Vc = %d V ",vc) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.11/EX12_11.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.11/EX12_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..82e8d2c6b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.11/EX12_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistance1 in ohms +r2 = 5 //resistance2 in ohms +r3 = 1 //resistance3 in ohms +r4 = 4 //resistance4 in ohms +r5 = 7 //resistance5 in ohms +e = 50 //voltage in volts + +//Calculation + +i1 = e/(r1+r3+r5) //current1 in ampere +i2= i1 //equal +v2 = i2*r5 //voltage2 by ohm's law +v1 = (r3+r5)*e/(r1+r3+r5) //voltage1 by voltage divider + +//Results +printf("I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf("V2 = %d V \n",v2) +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.12/EX12_12.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.12/EX12_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f7d5aef86 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.12/EX12_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 3 //resistance1 +l = 6*10^-3 //inductance in mH +e = 15 //voltage in volts +r2 = 2 //resistance2 +//Calculation +im = e/(r1+r2) //inductance current +ws = (l*im*im)/2 //energy stored + +//Results +printf("Ws = %d mJ",ws*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.2/EX12_2.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.2/EX12_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3d83eeab3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.2/EX12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +ur = 2000 //permeability of the core +lo = 1.58*10^-6 //inductance of the coil + +//Calculation +l = ur*lo //inductance in H + +//Results +printf("L = %.2f mH",l*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.3/EX12_3.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.3/EX12_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9a6a88b3d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.3/EX12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i = 10*10^-3 //current in milli ampere +l = 4*10^-3 //inductor in henry +t = 2*10^-3 //time in millisecond +t1 = 5*10^-3 //time in millisecond +i1 = 0 //current + +//Calculation +vl2 = (l*i1)/t //voltage in millivolts +vl = (l*i)/t //voltage in millivolts +vl1 = (-l*i)/t1 //voltage + +//Results +printf("a. VL = %d \n",vl2) +printf("b. VL = %d mV \n",vl*10^3) +printf("c. VL = %d mV \n",vl1*10^3) +printf("d. VL = %d",vl2) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.4/EX12_4.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.4/EX12_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b51f5b527 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.4/EX12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 4 //inductance in H +r1 = 2000 //resistor1 in ohm +e = 50 //voltage + +//Calculation +to = l/r1 //in millisecond +im = e/r1 //in milliAmperea +il = im //load current +vl = e //load voltage + +//Results +printf("iL = (%d x 10^-3)(1-e^-t/(%dx10^-3)) \n",il*10^3,to*10^3) +printf("VL = %de^-t/(%dx10^-3) \n",vl,to*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.5/EX12_5.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.5/EX12_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fe151f0ac --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.5/EX12_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 16 //battery volts +r1 = 2.2*10^3 //resistance1 in kohm +r2 = 6.8*10^3 //resistance2 in kohm +l = 100*10^-3 //inductance in mH +ii = 4*10^-3 //loade current in mA + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2 //total resistance +if = e/(r1+r2) //in mA +to = l/rt //time constant in microsecond +il = if //current through the coil- +il2 = ii-if //once the switch is closed +vr1 = ii*r1 //voltage of resistance1 +vr2 = ii*r2 //voltage of resistance2 +vm = e-vr1-vr2 //voltage across the coil +vl = vm + +//Results +printf("a. iL = %.2f mA",il*10^3) +printf(" + %.2f mAe^-t/%.2fus \n",il2*10^3,to*10^6) +printf("b. VL = %d*e^-t/%.2fus \n",vl,to*10^6) +printf("c. iL = %.2f mA ",il*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.6/EX12_6.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.6/EX12_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0b5d8ea11 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.6/EX12_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2000 //resistor1 in kohm +r2 = 3000 //resistor2 in kohm +l = 4 //inductor in henry +e = 50 //battery voltage + + +//Calculation +to = l/r1 //time constant in ms +vl = e //load voltage +im = e/r1 //current in milliampere +il = im //load current +vr1 = e //voltage across r1 +vr2 = vr1 //voltage across r2 +to1 = l/(r1+r2) +vi = (1+(r2/r1))*e //voltage in volts +vl1 = -vi //voltage at switch open +im1 = e/r1 //current in milliampere +il1 = im1 //current at switch open +vr11 = e //voltage across at r1 switch open +vr22 = (-r2/r1)*e //voltage across at r2 switch open + +//Results +printf("a. VL = %d*e^-t/(%d*10^-3) \n",vl,to*10^3) +printf(" iL = %d*10^-3(1-e^-t/%d*10^-3) \n",il*10^3,to*10^3) +printf(" VR1 = %d(1-e^-t/%d*10^-3) \n",vr1,to*10^3) +printf(" VR2 = %d V\n",vr2) +printf("b. iL = %.3fe^-t/(0.8*10^-3) \n",il) +printf(" VL = -%de^-t/(%.1f*10^-3) \n",vi,to1*10^3) +printf(" VR1 = %de-t/(%.1f*10^-3) \n",vr11,to1*10^3) +printf(" VR2 = %de-t/(%.1f*10^-3)",vr22,to1*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.7/EX12_7.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.7/EX12_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c410b618d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.7/EX12_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 20000 //resistor1 in kohm +r2 = 4000 //resistor2 in kohm +r3 = 16000 //resistor3 in kohm +l = 80 //inductor in mH +e = 12 //supply voltage +n = 2 //number of turns + +//Calculation +rth = r1/n //by thevenin theorem +to = l/rth //time in microsecond +eth = (r2+r3)*e/(r1+r2+r3) //applying voltage divider +im = eth/rth //current in milliampere +il = im //load current +vl = eth //load voltage + +//Results +printf("a. iL = (%.1f*10^-3)(1-e^-t/(%d*10^-6)) \n",il*10^3,to*10^3) +printf(" VL = %de^-t/(%d*10^-6) \n",vl,to*10^3) + + + +//Graph +x1=0:(1*10**-3):(50*10**-3) +vc=vl*(exp(-x1/to)) //for VL +ic=il*(1-exp(-x1/to)) //for iL + +subplot(221) +plot(x1,vc) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("VL (V)") +xtitle("VL for the R-L network") +subplot(222) +plot(x1,ic) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("iL (mA)") +xtitle("iL for the R-L network\") diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.8/EX12_8.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.8/EX12_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a77c463f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.8/EX12_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2.2*10^3 //resistor1 in kohm +r2 = 8.2*10^3 //resistor2 in kohm +r3 = 1000 //resistor3 in kohm +i = 12*10^-3 //sources current +e = 6 //voltage +l = 680*10^-3 //inductor in mH +i = 12*10^-3 //current source in mA +E = 26.4 //voltage + +//Calculation +ii = -e/r3 //using ohm's law +rth = r1+r2 //applying thevenin's theorem +eth = i*r1 //in volts +if = E/rth //in milliampere +to = l/rth //time constant +il = if //in milliampere +il1 = ii-if //in milliampere + +//Results +printf("a. ii = %d mA \n",ii*10^3) +printf("b. iL = %.2f mA %.2fmAe^-t/(%.2fus) ",il*10^3,il1*10^3,to*10^6) + +//Graph +x1=0:(0.1*10**-3):(0.5*10**-3) +ic=il+(il1*exp(-x1/to)) //for iL +plot(x1,ic) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("iL (mA)") +xtitle("The current iL for the network") + diff --git a/3883/CH12/EX12.9/EX12_9.sce b/3883/CH12/EX12.9/EX12_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0de9d3521 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH12/EX12.9/EX12_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 1.2 //L2 and L3 are equal +n = 2 //number of turns +l4 = 1.8 //inductance L4 in henry +l1 = 0.56 //inductance L1 in henry + +//Calculation +lt = l/n //total inductance in henry +lt11 = (lt*l4)/(lt+l4) //total inductance in henry +lt2 = l1+lt11 //total inductance in henry +//Results +printf("LT = %.2f H",lt2) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.1/EX13_1.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.1/EX13_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..877c2130a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.1/EX13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +f1 = 60 //frequency in hertz +f2 = 1000 //frequency in hertz + +//Calculation +t1 = 1/f1 //time in milli second +t2 = 1/f2 //time in milli second + +//Results +printf("T = %.2f ms \n",t1*10^3) +printf("T = %d ms ",t2*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.10/EX13_10.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.10/EX13_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d0c1ac78e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.10/EX13_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 314 //in rad/s + +//Calculation +t = (2*3.14)/w //in millisecond +t1 = t/2 //in millisecond +t2 = t/4 //in millisecond +t3 = t/12 //in millisecond + +//Results +printf("360: T = %d ms \n",t*10^3) +printf("180: T/2 = %d ms \n",t1*10^3) +printf("90: T/4 = %d ms \n",t2*10^3) +printf("30: T/12 = %.2f ms \n",t3*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.11/EX13_11.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.11/EX13_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..af26195ac --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.11/EX13_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 1000 //in rad/s +t = 2*10^-3 //in millisecond +i1 = 6*10^-3 //in milliampere + +//calculation + +apl = (180*2)/3.14 //alphain degree +sin114 = 0.9093 //in degree +i = i1*sin114 //in milliampere + +//Results +printf("i = %.2f mA ",i*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.13/EX13_13.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.13/EX13_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..670469335 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.13/EX13_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v1 = 10 //in volts +t1 = 1*10^-3 //in millisecond +v2 = 14 //in volts +v3 = 6 //in volts + +//Calculation +g = ((v1*t1)-(v1*t1))/(2*10^-3) +g1 = ((v2*t1)-(v3*t1))/(2*10^-3) + + +//Results +printf("a. G = %d V \n",g) +printf("b. G = %d V \n",g1) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.14/EX13_14.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.14/EX13_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1c925910b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.14/EX13_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v1 = 3 //in volts +v2 = 1 //in volts +t1 = 4*10^-3 //in millisecond +v3 = 10 //in volts +t2 = 2*10^-3 //in millisecond +v4 = 4 //in volts +v5 = 2 //in volts + +//Calculation +g = ((v1*t1)-(v2*t1))/(8*10^-3) +g1 = (-(v3*t2)+(v4*t2)-(v5*t2))/(10*10^-3) + + +//Results +printf("a. G = %d V \n",g) +printf("b. G = %.1f V \n",g1) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.15/EX13_15.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.15/EX13_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9a4fc6aa9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.15/EX13_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 2 //in volts +b = 2 //in volts +am = 1 //in volts +//Calculation +g = (a*am-b*am)/(2*3.14) //in volts + +//Results +printf("G = %d V ",g) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.16/EX13_16.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.16/EX13_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..89374cc2a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.16/EX13_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v1 = 16 //in volts +v2 = 2 //in volts + + +//Calculation +g1 = (v1+v2)/2 //in volts +g2 = g1-(16) //in volts + + +//Results +printf("G = %d mv ",g2) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.17/EX13_17.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.17/EX13_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa6259390 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.17/EX13_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 2 //in volts +b = 0 //in volts +am = 10 //in volts +//Calculation +g = (a*am+b)/(2*3.14) //in volts + +//Results +printf("G = %.2f V ",g) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.18/EX13_18.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.18/EX13_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..93d0323c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.18/EX13_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +g = 2 //in volts + +//Results +printf("G = %d mV ",g) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.19/EX13_19.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.19/EX13_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9e9a69ea2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.19/EX13_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 0.707 //in volts +b = 12*10^-3 //in milliampere +c = 169.73 //in volts + +//Calculation +i = a*b //in milliampere +v = a*c //in volts +//Results +printf("a. Irms = %.3f mA \n",i*10^3) +printf("b. Irms = %.3f mA \n",i*10^3) +printf("c. Vrms = %d mA ",v) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.2/EX13_2.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.2/EX13_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8f801ff46 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.2/EX13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +t = 20*10^-3 //time in milli second + + +//Calculation +f = 1/t //frequency in hertz + +//Results +printf("f = %d Hz",f) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.20/EX13_20.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.20/EX13_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..253e5c106 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.20/EX13_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.20 +clc +//Variable Declaration +pdc = 3.6 //power in watt +vdc= 120 //in volts + + +//Calculation +idc = pdc/vdc //in milliampere +im = sqrt(2)*idc //in milliampere +em = sqrt(2)*vdc //in millivolts + +//Results +printf("Idc = %d mA \n",idc*10^3) +printf("Im = %.2f mA \n",im*10^3) +printf("Em = %.2f mA \n",em) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.21/EX13_21.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.21/EX13_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6814879e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.21/EX13_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.21 +clc +//Variable Declaration +x1 = 4 //in second +y1 = 9 //in volts +x2 = 4 //in second +y2 = 1 //in volts +x3 = 8 //in volts + +//Calculation +v = sqrt(((y1*x1)+(y2*x2))/x3) //in volts + +//Results +printf("Vrms = %.3f V ",v) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.22/EX13_22.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.22/EX13_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..529ebea0c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.22/EX13_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.22 +clc +//Variable Declaration +y1 = 100 //in volts +x1 = 2 //in second +y2 = 16 //in volts +y3 = 4 //in volts + +//Calculation +v = sqrt(((y1*x1)+(y2*x1)+(y3*x1))/10) //in volts + +//Results +printf("Vrms = %.3f V ",v) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.23/EX13_23.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.23/EX13_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..07948f61d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.23/EX13_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.23 +clc +//Variable Declaration +y1 = 1600 //in volts +x = 10*10^-3 //time in millisecond + +//Calculation +v = sqrt(((y1*x)+(y1*x))/(20*10^-3)) //in volts + +//Results +printf("Vrms = %d V ",v) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.24/EX13_24.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.24/EX13_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ed1af42a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.24/EX13_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.24 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v1 = 20 //in volts +v2 = 25 //in volts +vm1 = v1 //in volts +vm2 = 15 //in volts + +//Calculation +m = 1.11*v1 //in volts +vr1 = 0.707*vm1 //in volts +vdc = vr1 //in volts +vr2 = 0.707*vm2 //in volts +//Results +printf("Meter indication = %.1f V \n",m) +printf("Vrms = %.2f V \n",vr1) +printf("Vrms = Vdc = %d V \n",vdc) +printf("Vrms = %.1f V \n",vr2) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.3/EX13_3.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.3/EX13_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..03bd1bb0a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.3/EX13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +d = 4 //division +t= 50*10^-6 //time in microsecond +d1 = 2 //division +v = 0.1 //in volts + +//Calculation +t1 = d*t //time in microsecond +f = (1/t1) //frequency in hertz +vm = d1*v //in volts + +//Results +printf("T = %d us \n",t1*10^6) +printf("f = %d kHz \n",f/10^3) +printf("Vm = %.1f V \n",vm) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.4/EX13_4.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.4/EX13_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..15602f0e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.4/EX13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +//Chapter 13, Example 13.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +f = 60 //frequency in hertz + + +//Calculation +w = 2*3.14*f //in rad/s + +//Results +printf("w = %d rad/s",w) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.5/EX13_5.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.5/EX13_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5fc154a3f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.5/EX13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 500 //in rad/s + + +//Calculation +t = (2*3.14)/w //time in milliseconds +f = 1/t //frequency in hertz + +//Results +printf("T = %.2f ms \n",t*10^3) +printf("f = %.2f Hz ",f) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.6/EX13_6.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.6/EX13_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..946e42588 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.6/EX13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = (3.14/2) //in rad/s +w = 200 //in rad/s + +//Calculation +t = l/w //time in millisecond + +//Results +printf("t = %.2f ms \n",t*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.7/EX13_7.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.7/EX13_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..86b34665a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.7/EX13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +f = 60 //frequency in hertz +t= 5*10^-3 //time in milli second + +//Calculation +l = 2*3.14*f*t //in rad/s +lo = (180*l)/3.14 //in degree + + +//Results +printf("alpha = %.3f rad \n",l) +printf("alpha(degree) = %d degree",lo) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.8/EX13_8.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.8/EX13_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e0484029a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.8/EX13_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 5 //in volts +l = 0.8*3.14 //in degree + +//Calculation +e = e1*sind(40) //in volts +lo = 180*l/3.14 //in degree +e2 = 5*sind(lo) //in volts + +//Results +printf("e = %.3f V \n",e) +printf("e = %.3f V \n",e2) diff --git a/3883/CH13/EX13.9/EX13_9.sce b/3883/CH13/EX13.9/EX13_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dd629d4a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH13/EX13.9/EX13_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 13, Example 13.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v = 4 //in volts +em = 10 //in volts +w = 377 //in rad/s +//Calculation +l1 = asind(v/em) //alpha1 in degree +l2 = 180-(l1) //alpha2 in degree +l3 = (%pi/180)*(l1) //in rad +t1 = l3/w //in millisecond +l4 = (%pi/180)*l2 //in rad +t2 = l4/w //in millisecond +//Results +printf("a. alpha1 = %.3f \n",l1) +printf(" alpha2 = %.3f \n",l2) +printf("b. t1 = %.2f ms \n",t1*10^3) +printf(" t2 = %.2f ms \n",t2*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.1/EX14_1.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.1/EX14_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..32598adb2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.1/EX14_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vm = 100 //voltage magnitude of (a) +r = 10 //resistance in ohms +vm1 = 25 //voltage magnitude of (b) + + +//Calculation +i = vm/r //current of (a) +i1 = vm1/r //current of (b) + +//Results +printf("a. i = %dsin377t \n",i) +printf("b. i = %.1fsin(377t+60dgree) \n",i1) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.10/EX14_10.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.10/EX14_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e09479c65 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.10/EX14_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vm = 10 //voltage in volts +im = 5 //current in ampere + + +//Calculation +p = (vm*im)/2 //power dissipation in watt +r= (vm/im) //resistance in ohm +p1 = ((0.707*vm)*(0.707*vm))/r //power in watt +p2 = ((0.707*im)*(0.707*im))*r //power in watt + +//Results +printf("P = %d W \n",p) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",p1) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",p2) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.11/EX14_11.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.11/EX14_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3054f5c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.11/EX14_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vm = 100 //peak voltage (a) +im = 20 //peak current +ov = 40 //theta voltage in degree (a) +oi = 70 //theta current in degree (a) +vm1 = 150 //peak voltage (b) +im1 = 3 //peak current (b) +ov1 = -70 //theta voltage in degree (b) +oi1 = -50 //theta current in degree (b) + +//Calculation +p = ((vm*im)/2)*0.866 //power (a) in watt +p1 = ((vm1*im1)/2)*0.9397 //power (b) in watt + +//Results +printf("P = %d W \n",p) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",p1) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.12/EX14_12.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.12/EX14_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7f70eca41 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.12/EX14_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = cosd(40-(-20)) //leading +b = cosd(80-30) //lagging +p = 100 //in watt +v = 20 //in voltage +i = 5 //in ampere + +//Calculation +fp = p/(v*i) //power factor + +//Results +printf("a. Fp = %.1f leading \n",a) +printf("b. Fp = %.4f leading \n",b) +printf("c. Fp = %d \n",fp) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.13/EX14_13.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.13/EX14_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d37c18092 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.13/EX14_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c1=complex(3,4) +c2=complex(0,-6) +c3=complex(-10,-20) + +//Calculation +//Function to create plot on complex plane +function complexPlot(x,y,z) + xpts = [0 x]; + ypts = [0 y]; + plot(xpts, ypts); + xtitle(z); + xlabel("Real"); + ylabel("Imaginary"); +endfunction + +//Plot +scf(1) +complexPlot(real(c1),imag(c1),"3 + j4") +scf(2) +complexPlot(real(c2),imag(c2),"0 - j6") +scf(3) +complexPlot(real(c3),imag(c3),"-10 - j20") + diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.14/EX14_14.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.14/EX14_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b4d3d76f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.14/EX14_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.14 +clc + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + + +[cr1,ci1]=polar2rect(5,30) +[cr2,ci2]=polar2rect(7,-120) +[cr3,ci3]=polar2rect(-4.2,60) + +//Calculation +//Function to create plot on complex plane +function complexPlot(x,y,z) + xpts = [0 x]; + ypts = [0 y]; + plot(xpts, ypts); + xtitle(z); + xlabel("Real"); + ylabel("Imaginary"); +endfunction + +//Plot +scf(1) +complexPlot(cr1,ci1,"5 < 30degree") +scf(2) +complexPlot(cr2,ci2,"7 < 120 degree") +scf(3) +complexPlot(cr3,ci3,"4.2 < 60 degree") diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.15/EX14_15.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.15/EX14_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c9d9fe899 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.15/EX14_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.15 +clc +funcprot(0) + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + + +//Variable Declaration +x = 3 //real part +y = 4 //imaginary part + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(x,y) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("C = %d < %.2f degree", a,b) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.16/EX14_16.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.16/EX14_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b3daa27a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.16/EX14_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.16 +clc + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + + +//Variable Declaration +a=10 //radius +b=45 //angular in degree + +//Calculation +[r,i]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("C = %.2f + j %.2f",r,i) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.17/EX14_17.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.17/EX14_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..39d63c987 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.17/EX14_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.17 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th= 180-(atand(y/x)) +endfunction + +//Variable Decleration +a = 6 //real part +b = 3 //imaginary + +//Calculation +[r,th] = rect2polar(a,b) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("C = %.2f < %.2f degree",r,th) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.18/EX14_18.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.18/EX14_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f48ce3702 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.18/EX14_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.18 +clc + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +a = 10 //real value +b = 230 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[r,i]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("C = %.3f j%.3f",r,i) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.19/EX14_19.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.19/EX14_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dae897316 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.19/EX14_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.19 +clc +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1=complex(2,4) //complex form c1 +y1 = complex(3,1) //complex form c2 +x2 = complex(3,6) //complex form c1 +y2 = complex(-6,3) //complex form c2 + +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition(real(x1),real(y1),imag(x1),imag(y1)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=addition(real(x2),real(y2),imag(x2),imag(y2)) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("a. C = %d + j%d \n", a,b) +printf("b. C = %d + j%d", c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.2/EX14_2.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.2/EX14_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..41b92f94f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.2/EX14_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +im = 40 //current magnitude in ampere +r = 5 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +v = im*r //voltage in volt + +//Results +printf("v = %dsin(377t+30degree) ",v) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.20/EX14_20.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.20/EX14_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8537de5e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.20/EX14_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.20 +clc +//subtraction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1 = complex(1,4) //complex form c2 +y1 = complex(4,6) //complex form c1 +x2 = complex(-2,5) //complex form c2 +y2 = complex(3,3) //complex form c1 +//Calculation +[a,b]=subtraction(real(y1),real(x1),imag(y1),imag(x1)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=subtraction(real(y2),real(x2),imag(y2),imag(x2)) //function of conversion + + +//Results +printf("a. C = %d + j%d \n", a,b) +printf("b. C = %d %dj", c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.21/EX14_21.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.21/EX14_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c39fea28 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.21/EX14_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 2 //real value +a2 = 3 //real value +a3= 2 //real value +a4 = 4 //real value + +//Calculation +x1 = a1+a2 //real value +x2 = a3+a4 //real value + +//Results +printf("a. %d<45 \n",x1) +printf("b. %d<0",x2) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.22/EX14_22.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.22/EX14_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0b34fbc98 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.22/EX14_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.22 +clc +function[c1,c2]=equ(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = (x1*x2)-(y1*y2) + c2 = (y1*x2)+(x1*y2) + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1 = complex(2,3) //complex form of c1 +y1 = complex(5,10) //complex form of c2 +x2 = complex(-2,-3) //complex form of c1 +y2 = complex(4,-6) //complex form of c2 +//Calculation +[a,b]=equ(real(x1),real(y1),imag(x1),imag(y1)) +[c,d]=equ(real(x2),real(y2),imag(x2),imag(y2)) + +//Results +printf("a. C = %d + j%d \n", a,b) +printf("b. C = %d + j%d", c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.23/EX14_23.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.23/EX14_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2fd405c0c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.23/EX14_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.23 +clc +//multiplication +function[c1,c2]=equ(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = (x1*x2) + c2 = (y1+y2) + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1 = 5 //real value +x2 = 10 //real value +y1 = 20 //angle in degree +y2 = 30 //angle in degree +x3 = 2 //real value +x4 = 7 //real value +y3 = -40 //angle in degree +y4 = 120 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=equ(x1,x2,y1,y2) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=equ(x3,x4,y3,y4) //function of multiplication +//Results +printf("a. C = %d < %d degree \n", a,b) +printf("b. C = %d < %d degree", c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.24/EX14_24.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.24/EX14_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..11fc95bc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.24/EX14_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.24 +clc +//muliplication +function[C1,C2]=equ2(x1,x2,y1,y2) + C1 = ((x1*x2)+(y1*y2))/((y1*y1)+(y2*y2)) + C2 = ((x2*y1)-(x1*y2))/((y1*y1)+(y2*y2)) + endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1 = complex(1,4) //complex form of c1 +y1 = complex(4,5) //complex form of c2 +x2 = complex(-4,-8) //complex form of c1 +y2 = complex(6,-1) //complex form of c2 +//Calculation +[a,b]=equ2(real(x1),real(y1),imag(x1),imag(y1)) //function +[c,d]=equ2(real(x2),real(y2),imag(x2),imag(y2)) //function +//Results +printf("C1/C2 = %.3f + j%.3f \n",a,b) +printf("C1/C2 = %.3f + j%.3f \n",c,d) + diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.25/EX14_25.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.25/EX14_25.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5fe04ba37 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.25/EX14_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.25 +clc +//division +function[c1,c2]=equ(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = (x1/x2) + c2 = (y1-y2) + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1 = 15 //real value +x2 = 2 //real value +y1 = 10 //angle in degree +y2 = 7 //angle in degree +x3 = 8 //real value +x4 = 16 //real value +y3 = 120 //angle in degree +y4 = -50 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=equ(x1,x2,y1,y2) //function of division +[c,d]=equ(x3,x4,y3,y4) //function of division +//Results +printf("C1/C2 = %.1f < %d degree\n",a,b) +printf("C1/C2 = %.1f < %d degree\n",c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.26/EX14_26.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.26/EX14_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f2f83ae8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.26/EX14_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.26 +clc +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //subtraction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1 = complex(2,3) //complex form of x1 +x2 = complex(4,6) //complex form of x2 +y1 = complex(7,7) //complex form of x3 +y2 = complex(3,-3) //complex form of x4 +x3 = 50 //real value +y3 = 30 //angle in degree +x4 = complex(5,5) //complex form of x5 +x5 = 10 //real value +y5= -20 //angle in degree +x6 = 2 //real value +y6 = 20 //angle in degree +x7 = complex(3,4) //complex form of x6 +x8 = complex(8,-6) //complex form of x7 +x9 = 3 //real value +y9 = 27 //angle in degree +x10 = 6 //real value +y10 = -40 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition(real(x1),real(x2),imag(x1),imag(x2)) //function of addition +[c,d]=subtraction(real(y1),real(y2),imag(y1),imag(y2)) //function of subtraction +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(a,b) //function of conversion +[cc,dd]=rect2polar(c,d) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(aa,cc,bb,-dd) //function of multiplication +[g,h]=voltdivider(cc,cc,dd,-dd) //function of multiplication +[m,n]=division(e,g,f,h) //function of division +[mm,nn]=polar2rect(m,n) //function of conversion +[o,p]=rect2polar(real(x4),imag(x4)) //function of conversion +[oo,pp]=voltdivider(x3,o,y3,p) //function of multiplication +[ee,ff]=division(oo,x5,pp,y5) //function of division +[gg,hh]=voltdivider(x6,x6,y6,y6) //function of multiplication +[i,j]=rect2polar(real(x7),imag(x7)) //function of conversion +[ii,jj]=voltdivider(gg,i,hh,j) //function of multiplication +[s,t]=rect2polar(real(x8),imag(x8)) //function of conversion +[ss,tt]=division(ii,s,jj,t) //function of division +[v,w]=polar2rect(x9,y9) //function of conversion +[vv,ww]=polar2rect(x10,y10) //function of conversion +[ma,na]=subtraction(v,vv,w,ww) //function of subtraction + +//Results +printf("a. = %.3f + j%.3f \n",mm,nn) +printf("b. = %.2f < %d degree \n",ee,ff) +printf("c. = %.1f < %d degree \n",ss,tt) +printf("d. = %.3f + j %.3f \n",ma,na) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.29/EX14_29.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.29/EX14_29.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..54224cc5c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.29/EX14_29.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.29 +clc +function[t,p]=time2phasor(x,y) + t=x*0.707 + p=y +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1 = 50 //real value of time +y1 = 0 //angle in degree +x2 = 69.6 //peak voltage +y2 = 72 //angle in degree +x3 = 45 //peak voltage +y3 = 90 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x2,y2) //function of conversion +[c,d]=time2phasor(x3,y3) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("a. %d < %d degree \n",x1,y1) +printf("b. %.2f < %d degree \n",a,b) +printf("c. %.2f < %d degree \n",c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.3/EX14_3.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.3/EX14_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4d4fff010 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.3/EX14_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 377 //in rad/s +l = 0.1 //inductance in ohms +im = 10 //current of (a) +im1= 7 //current of (b) + +//Calculation +xl = w*l //inductance reactance +vm = im*xl //voltage of (a) +vm1 = im1*xl //voltage of (b) + +//Results +printf("a. v = %dsin(377t+90degree) \n",vm) +printf("b. v = %.1fsin(377t+20degree)",vm1) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.30/EX14_30.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.30/EX14_30.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..99ef83979 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.30/EX14_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.30 +clc +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1= 10 //real value +y1 = 30 //angle in degree +x2 = 115 //real value +y2 = -70 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=phasor2time(x1,y1) //function of conversion +[c,d]=phasor2time(x2,y2) //function of conversion + +//Results +printf("a. I = %.2f sin(377t + %d degree)\n",a,b) +printf("b. V = %.1f sin(377t %d degree)\n",c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.31/EX14_31.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.31/EX14_31.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..27cc7c5ec --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.31/EX14_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.31 +clc + funcprot(0) +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+y1 + c2 = y2+x2 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1=50 //maximum voltage of Va +y1=30 //angle in degree of Va +x2=30 //maximum voltage of Vb +y2=60 //angle in degree of Vb +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x1,y1) //function of conversion +[c,d]=time2phasor(x2,y2) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[g,h]=polar2rect(c,d) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(e,f,g,h) //function of addition +[k,l]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[o,p]=phasor2time(k,l) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("ein = %.2f sin(377t + %.2f degree)",o,p) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.32/EX14_32.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.32/EX14_32.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..16c280dd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.32/EX14_32.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.32 +clc + funcprot(0) +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//subtraction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-y1 + c2 = x2-y2 + endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + elseif x<0 then + th=atand(y/x)+180 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x1= 120*10^-3 //maximum voltage of iT +y1=60 //angle in degree +x2 = 80*10^-3 //maximum voltage of i1 +y2 = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x1,y1) //function of conversion +[c,d]=time2phasor(x2,y2) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[g,h]=polar2rect(c,d) //function of conversion +[i,j]=subtraction(e,f,g,h) //subtraction +[k,l]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[o,p]=phasor2time(k,l) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("i2 = %.1f x 10^-3 sin(wt + %.2f degree) ",o*10^3,p) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.4/EX14_4.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.4/EX14_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6be2b186b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.4/EX14_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 20 //in rad/s +l = 0.5 //inductance in henry +vm = 100 //voltage in volts + + +//Calculation +xl = w*l //inductance reactance +im = vm/xl //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("i = %d sin(20t - 90degree)",im) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.5/EX14_5.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.5/EX14_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3b858a86e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.5/EX14_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 400 //in rad/s +c = 1*10^-6 //capacitance in microfarad +vm = 30 //voltage in volts + + +//Calculation +xc = 1/(w*c) //capacitance reactance +im = vm/xc //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("i = %d x 10^-3 sin(400t + 90degree)",im*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.6/EX14_6.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.6/EX14_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8ef977326 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.6/EX14_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w = 500 //in rad/s +c = 100*10^-6 //capacitance in micro farad +im = 40 //current in ampere + + +//Calculation +xc = 1/(w*c) //capacitance reactance +vm = im*xc //voltage in volts + +//Results +printf("v = %d sin(500t - 30degree)",vm) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.7/EX14_7.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.7/EX14_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a099900d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.7/EX14_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vm1 = 100 //Vm of (a) +im1 = 20 //Im of (a) +vm2 = 1000 //Vm of (b) +im2 = 5 //Im of (b) +vm3 = 500 //Vm of (c) +im3 = 1 //Im of (c) +vm4 = 50 //Vm of (d) +im4 = 5 //Im of (d) +w = 377 //in rad/s +w1 = 157 //in rad/s +//Calculation +r = vm1/im1 //resistance of (a) +xl = vm2/im2 //inductance reactance +l = xl/w //inductance in henry +xc = vm3/im3 //capacitance reactance +c = 1/(w1*xc) //capacitance in farad +r1 = vm4/im4 //resistance of (d) + +//Results +printf("a. R = %d ohm \n",r) +printf("b. L = %.3f H \n",l) +printf("c. C = %.2f uF \n",c*10^6) +printf("d. R = %d ohm \n",r1) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.8/EX14_8.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.8/EX14_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..905513fb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.8/EX14_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 200*10^-3 //inductance in henry +r = 5*10^3 //resistance in ohms +xl = 2*3.14*l //reactance inductor + +//Calculation +f= r/xl //frequency in hertz + +//Results +printf("f = %.2f kHz ",f*10^-3) diff --git a/3883/CH14/EX14.9/EX14_9.sce b/3883/CH14/EX14.9/EX14_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..01b58a273 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH14/EX14.9/EX14_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 14, Example 14.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 5*10^-3 //inductance in henry +c = 0.1*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +//calculation +xl = 2*3.14*l //inductance reactance +xc = 1/(2*3.14*c) //capacitance reactance +f= 1/(2*3.14*sqrt(l*c)) //frequency in hertz + +//Results +printf("f = %.2f kHz",f*10^-3) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.1/EX15_1.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.1/EX15_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1e6b5dd85 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.1/EX15_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.1 +clc +funcprot(0) +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=100 //amplitude +y=0 +r = 5 //resistor +y1=0 +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +i= a/r +[c]=phasor2time(i,y1) + +//graph +x1 = 0 : 1 : 1000 //time in seconds +v = x*sin(377*x1) //in voltage +ip = i*sin(377*x1) //current in amperes +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") + +//Results +printf("i = %.1f sin wt", c) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.10/EX15_10.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.10/EX15_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5264e3918 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.10/EX15_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.10 +clc +funcprot(0) +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2,c3]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + + function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1=6 //real value of Zr +x2=50 //real value of E +y1=0 //angle in degree of Zr +y2=30 //angle in degree of E +r2=9 //real value of Zl +s2=90 //angle in degree of Zl +r3=17 //real value of Zc +s3=-90 //angle in degree of Zc +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=polar2rect(x1,y1) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(r2,s2) //function of conversion +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(r3,s3) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(c,e,ee,d,f,ff) //function of addition +[o,p]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(a,o,b,p) //function of division +[aa,ba]=voltdivider(r2,x2,s2,y2) //function of conversion +[ma,na]=division(aa,o,ba,p) //function of division +[ab,bb]=voltdivider(r3,x2,s3,y2) //function of conversion +[mb,nb]=division(ab,o,bb,p) //function of division +[za,ya]=addition1(e,ee,f,ff) //function of addition +[zb,yb]=rect2polar(za,ya) //function of conversion +[zc,yc]=voltdivider(zb,x2,yb,y2) //function of multiplication +[zd,yd]=division(zc,o,yc,p) //function of division + +//Results +printf("Vr = %d V < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("Vl = %d V < %.2f degree \n",ma,na) +printf("Vc = %d V < %.2f degree \n",mb,nb) +printf("V1 = %d V < %.2f degree",zd,yd) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.11/EX15_11.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.11/EX15_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a0c01a88f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.11/EX15_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.11 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +r1=6 //resistance in ohms +r2=4 //resistance in ohms +l1 = 0.05 //inductance in henry +l2 = 0.05 //inductance in henry +c1 = 200*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +c2 = 200*10^-6 //capacitance in farad +w = 377 //in rad/s +z = 20 //source in volts +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2 //total resistance in ohms +yt = 0 //angle in degree +lt = l1+l2 //in henry +ct = c1/2 //in farad +xl = w*lt //in ohms +xy = 90 //angle in degree +xc = 1/(w*ct) //in ohms +cy = -90 //angle in degree +[a,b]=polar2rect(rt,yt) //function of conversion +[c,d]=polar2rect(xl,xy) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(xc,cy) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(a,c,e,b,d,f) //function of addition +[m,n]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[o,p]=division(z,m,yt,n) //function of division +[w,ww]=voltdivider(o,rt,p,yt) //function of multiplication +[x,y]=voltdivider(o,xl,p,xy) //function of multiplication +[v,k]=voltdivider(o,xc,p,cy) //function of multiplication +fp1 = cosd(48.16) //in degree +fp2 = (rt/m) //lagging +pt= z*o*fp1 //power in watt +q=x-v //in volts +e= sqrt((w*w)+(q*q)) //in volts +eo = 0 //in volts +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(rt,e,yt,eo) //function of multiplication +[cc,dd]=division(aa,m,bb,n) //function of division +[ee,ff]=voltdivider(xc,e,cy,eo) //function of multiplication +[ii,jj]=division(ee,m,ff,n) //function of division +//Results +printf("a. Zt = %d ohm < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf(" I = %.3f A < %.2f degree \n",o,p) +printf(" Vr = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",w,ww) +printf(" Vl = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",x,y) +printf(" Vc = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",v,k) +printf("b. Fp = %.3f lagging \n",fp1) +printf(" Fp = %.3f lagging \n",fp2) +printf("c. Pt = %.2f W \n",pt) +printf("e. E = %d V \n",e) +printf("f. Vr = %.1f V < %.2f degree \n",cc,dd) +printf(" Vc = %.2f V < %.2f degree",ii,jj) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.12/EX15_12.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.12/EX15_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..91a19cc94 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.12/EX15_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.12 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//adition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Function to create plot on complex plane +function complexPlot(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,z) + xpts1 = [0 x1]; + ypts1 = [0 y1]; + + xpts2 = [0 x2]; + ypts2 = [0 y2]; + + xpts3 = [0 x3]; + ypts3 = [0 y3]; + scf(1); + clf(1); + set(gca(),"auto_clear","off") + plot(xpts1,ypts1,'ro-') + plot(xpts2,ypts2,'ro-') + plot(xpts3,ypts3,'ro-') + set(gca(),"auto_clear","on") + a = gca(); + a.x_location="origin"; + a.y_location="origin"; + set(gca(),"data_bounds",matrix([-0.1,0.1,-0.2,0.2],2,-1)) + xtitle(z); + xlabel("Real"); + ylabel("Imaginary"); +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +g = 0.05 //in admittance +d = 0 //in degrees +bl = 0.1 //in admittance +dl = -90 //in degrees +zr= 20 //in impedance +zro = 0 //in angle +zl = 10 //in impedance +zlo = 90 //in degrees + +//Calculation +[a,b]=polar2rect(g,d) +[c,d]=polar2rect(bl,dl) +[e,f]=addition(a,c,b,d) +[i,j]=rect2polar(e,f) +m= (1/i) +n= (-j) +[o,p]=voltdivider(zr,zl,zro,zlo) +[q,r]=polar2rect(zr,zro) +[s,t]=polar2rect(zl,zlo) +[oo,pp]=addition(q,s,r,t) +[qq,rr]=rect2polar(oo,pp) +[ss,tt]=division(o,qq,p,rr) + +//Plot +complexPlot(a,b,c,d,e,f,"Admittance Diagram") + +//Results +printf("Yr = %.2f S + j%d \n",a,b) +printf("Yl = %d %.1fj s \n",c,d) +printf("Yt = %.2f S %.1fj S \n",e,f) +printf("Zt = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("Zt = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",ss,tt) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.13/EX15_13.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.13/EX15_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a39041a80 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.13/EX15_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.13 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//adition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + r=x1*x2*x3 + s=y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + + +//Function to create plot on complex plane +function complexPlot(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4,z) + xpts1 = [0 x1]; + ypts1 = [0 y1]; + + xpts2 = [0 x2]; + ypts2 = [0 y2]; + + xpts3 = [0 x3]; + ypts3 = [0 y3]; + + xpts4 = [0 x4]; + ypts4 = [0 y4]; + scf(1); + clf(1); + set(gca(),"auto_clear","off") + plot(xpts1,ypts1,'ro-') + plot(xpts2,ypts2,'ro-') + plot(xpts3,ypts3,'ro-') + plot(xpts4,ypts4,'ro-') + set(gca(),"auto_clear","on") + a = gca(); + a.x_location="origin"; + a.y_location="origin"; + set(gca(),"data_bounds",matrix([-0.1,0.25,-0.2,0.2],2,-1)) + xtitle(z); + xlabel("Real"); + ylabel("Imaginary"); +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +r = 5 +g = 1/r +xl = 8 +d = 0 +bl = 1/xl +dl = -90 +xc = 20 +bc = 1/xc +dc = 90 +zr= 5 +zro = 0 +zl = 8 +zlo = 90 +zc = 20 +zco = -90 +//Calculation +[a,b]=polar2rect(g,d) +[c,d]=polar2rect(bl,dl) +[cc,dd]=polar2rect(bc,dc) +[e,f]=addition(a,c,cc,b,d,dd) +[i,j]=rect2polar(e,f) +m= (1/i) +n= (-j) +[o,p]=voltdivider(zr,zl,zc,zro,zlo,zco) +[mm,nn]=voltdivider1(zr,zl,zro,zlo) +[ma,na]=voltdivider1(zl,zc,zlo,zco) +[mb,nb]=voltdivider1(zr,zc,zro,zco) +[q,r]=polar2rect(mm,nn) +[s,t]=polar2rect(ma,na) +[sa,ta]=polar2rect(mb,nb) +[oo,pp]=addition(q,s,sa,r,t,ta) +[qq,rr]=rect2polar(oo,pp) +[ss,tt]=division(o,qq,p,rr) + +//Plot +complexPlot(a,b,c,d,cc,dd,e,f,"Admittance Diagram") + + +//Results +printf("a. Yr = %.1f S + j%d \n",a,b) +printf(" Yl = %d %.3fj s \n",c,d) +printf(" Yc = %d + j%.3f S \n",cc,dd) +printf("b. Yt = %.2f S < %.3f degree \n",i,j) +printf("c. Zt = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf(" Zt = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",ss,tt) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.14/EX15_14.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.14/EX15_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..afd6f9b2d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.14/EX15_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.14 +clc +//real and imaginary part +function[r,i]=realnimaginary(x,y) + r= x/((x*x)+(y*y)) + i= y/((x*x)+(y*y)) +endfunction + + +//Variable Declaration +r = 6 //real part of Z +xc = 8 //imaginary part of Z +r1 = 10 //real part of Z +xl = 4 //imaginary part of Z +xc1 = -0.1 //imaginary part of Z + +//Calculation +[a,b]=realnimaginary(r,xc) //function +xo = xl+xc1 //imaginary part of Z +[c,d]=realnimaginary(r1,xo) //function +//Results +printf("a. Y = %.2f S + j%.2f S \n",a,b) +printf("b. Y = %.3f S - j%.3f S ",c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.15/EX15_15.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.15/EX15_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..471bfe996 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.15/EX15_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.15 +clc + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +zl = 4 //real value of Zl +zlo = 90 //angle in degree +it = 20 //real value of It +ito = 0 //angle in degree +zr = 3 //real value of Zr +zro = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(zl,it,zlo,ito) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=polar2rect(zr,zro) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(zl,zlo) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(c,d,e,f) //function of addition +[o,p]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(a,o,b,p) //function of division +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(zr,it,zro,ito) //function of multiplication +[mm,nn]=division(aa,o,bb,p) //function of division +//Results +printf("Ir = %d A < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("It = %d A < %.2f degree \n",mm,nn) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.16/EX15_16.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.16/EX15_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..86f9bc55f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.16/EX15_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.16 +clc +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +zc= 2 //real value of Zc +zco = -90 //angle in degree +it = 5 //real value of It +itt = 30 //angle in degree +zr = 1 //real part of Zrl +zl = 8 //imaginary part of Zl +xx = zl-zc //imaginary part of Zcrl +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(zc,it,zco,itt) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=rect2polar(zr,xx) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(a,c,b,d) //function of division +[m,n]=rect2polar(zr,zl) //function of conversion +[i,j]=voltdivider(m,it,n,itt) //function of multiplication +[s,t]=division(i,c,j,d) //function of division +//Results +printf("Irl = %.3f A < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf("Ic = %.3f A < %.2f degree",s,t) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.17/EX15_17.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.17/EX15_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..607d29b35 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.17/EX15_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rp = 8*10^3 //R in kiloohms +xl = 9*10^3 //Xl in kiloohms +xc = 4*10^3 //Xc in kiloohms + + +//Calculation +xp = xl-xc //in kiloohms +rs = (rp*(xp*xp))/((xp*xp)+(rp*rp)) //in kiloohms +xs = ((rp*rp)*xp)/((xp*xp)+(rp*rp)) //in kiloohms + +//Results +printf("Rs = %.3f kohm \n",rs/10^3) +printf("Xs = %.3f kohm ",xs/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.18/EX15_18.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.18/EX15_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f4c5b850a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.18/EX15_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.18 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 10 //resistance1 in ohms +r2 = 40 //resistance2 in ohms +l1 = 6*10^-3 //inductance1 in millihenry +l2 = 12*10^-3 //inductance2 in millihenry +c1 = 80*10^-6 //capacitance1 in microfarad +c2 = 20*10^-6 //capacitance1 in microfarad +w = 1000 //in rad/s +ia= 12 //current source in ampere +iao = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +rt = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //total resistance in ohms +lt = (l1*l2)/(l1+l2) //total inductance in millihenry +ct = c1+c2 //total capacitance in microfarad +xl = w*lt //reactance in ohms +xlo = 90 //angle in degree +xc = 1/(w*ct) //reactance in ohms +g = 1/rt //real value of Yr +go = 0 //angle in degree +bl = 1/xl //real value of Bl +blo = -90 //angle in degree +bc = 1/xc //real value of Bc +bco = 90 //angle in degree +[a,b]=polar2rect(g,go) //function of conversion +[c,d]=polar2rect(bl,blo) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(bc,bco) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(a,c,e,b,d,f) //function of addition +[m,n]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=division(ia,m,iao,n) //function of division +[o,p]=division(mm,xl,nn,xlo) //function of division +fp = (g/m) //lagging +po = mm*ia*cosd(nn) //power in watt +zt1 = 1/m //real vlue in ohms of Zt +zt2 = -n //angle in degree +[vv,ww]=polar2rect(zt1,zt2) //function of conversion +l=vv/w //inductance in millihenry +[ss,tt]=voltdivider(ia,zt1,iao,zt2) //function of multiplication +ppo= (ia*ia)*vv //power in watt +rp = ((vv*vv)+(ww*ww))/vv //resistance in ohms +xp = ((vv*vv)+(ww*ww))/ww //resistance in ohms +g1=1/rp //real value in ohms of Yt +g1o=0 //angle in degree +bl1=1/xp //real value +bl1o=-90 //angle in degree +[za,zb]=polar2rect(g1,go) //function of conversion +[zc,zd]=polar2rect(bl1,bl1o) //function of conversion +[ze,zf]=addition1(za,zc,zb,zd) //function of addition +[zx,zy]=rect2polar(ze,zf) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("Yt = %.3f S < %.3f degree \n",m,n) +printf("E = %.3f V < %.3f degree \n",mm,nn) +printf("IL = %.3f A < %.3f degree \n",o,p) +printf("Fp = %.3f lagging \n",fp) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",po) +printf("Zt = %.3f ohm + j%.3f ohm \n",vv,ww) +printf("L = %.3f mH \n",l*10^3) +printf("E = %.3f V < %.3f degree \n",ss,tt) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",ppo) +printf("Rp = %d ohm \n",rp) +printf("Xp = %.3f ohm \n",xp) +printf("Yt = %.3f S < %.3f degree \n",zx,zy) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.2/EX15_2.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.2/EX15_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7754ef61a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.2/EX15_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.2 +clc +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=4 //amplitude +y=30 //in degrees +r=2 //in ohms + +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +c= a*r +[d,e]=phasor2time(c,y) + +//graph +x1 = -5 : 1 : 20 //time in seocnds +v = d*sind((377*x1)+e) //voltage +ip = x*sind((377*x1)+e) //current in ampere +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") +//Results +printf("v = %.1f sin(wt + %d degree)", d,e) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.3/EX15_3.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.3/EX15_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5b4b07d77 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.3/EX15_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.3 +clc +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=24 //amplitude +y=0 //in degrees +r=3 //in ohms +d=90 //in degrees +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +c= a/r +i=d +[f,e]=phasor2time(c,i) + +//graph +x1 = 0 : 10 : 500 //time in seocnds +v = x*sind(x1) //voltage +ip = f*sind((x1)-d) //current in ampere +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") +xtitle("Waveforms for Example 15.3") + + +//Results +printf("i = %.1f sin(wt - %d degree)", f,e) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.4/EX15_4.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.4/EX15_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b09975fc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.4/EX15_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.4 +clc +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=5 //amplitude +y=30 //in degrees +r=4 //in ohms +d=90 //in degrees +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +c= a*r +i=b+d +[f,e]=phasor2time(c,i) + +//graph +x1 = 0 : 1 : 500 //time in seocnds +v = f*sind((x1)+(d+y)) //voltage +ip = x*sind((x1)+y) //current in ampere +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") + +//Results +printf("i = %d sin(wt + %d degree)", f,e) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.5/EX15_5.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.5/EX15_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..92eb13491 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.5/EX15_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.5 +clc +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=15 //amplitude +y=0 //in degrees +r=2 //in ohms +d=-90 //in degrees +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +c= a/r +i=b-d +[f,e]=phasor2time(c,i) + +//graph +x1 = 0 : 1 : 500 //time in seocnds +v = x*sind(x1) //voltage +ip = f*sind(x1-d) //current in ampere +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") + +//Results +printf("i = %.1f sin(wt + %d degree)", f,e) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.6/EX15_6.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.6/EX15_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fce00c29c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.6/EX15_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.6 +clc +//time to phasor +function[m,n]=time2phasor(x,y) + m=0.707*x + n=y +endfunction + + +//phasor to time domain +function[m,n]=phasor2time(x,y) + m=sqrt(2)*x + n=y +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=6 //amplitude +y=-60 //in degrees +r=0.5 //in ohms +d=-90 //in degrees + +//Calculation +[a,b]=time2phasor(x,y) +c= a*r +i=b+d +[f,e]=phasor2time(c,i) + + +//graph +x1 = 0 : 1 : 500 //time in seocnds +v = f*sind((x1)+(d+y)) //voltage +ip = x*sind((x1)+ y) //current in ampere +plot(x1, v) +plot(x1, ip) +xlabel("t") +ylabel("i V") + + +//Results +printf("v = %.1f sin(wt%d degree)", f,e) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.7/EX15_7.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.7/EX15_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..189afa3fb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.7/EX15_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.7 +clc +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +r = 4 //resistance in ohms +ro = 0 //angle in degree +xl = 8 //inductive reactance in ohms +xlo = 90 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=polar2rect(r,ro) //Z1 +[c,d]=polar2rect(xl,xlo) //Z2 +[e,f]=addition(a,c,b,d) //Z1+Z2 +[g,h]=rect2polar(e,f) //ZT + +//Results +printf("ZT = %.3f ohm < %.2f degree",g,h) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.8/EX15_8.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.8/EX15_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a30f410af --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.8/EX15_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.8 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +r=6 //resistance in ohms +ro = 0 //angle in degree +xl = 10 //in ohms +xlo = 90 //angle in degree +xc = 12 //in ohms +xco = -90 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=polar2rect(r,ro) //Z1 +[c,d]=polar2rect(xl,xlo) //Z2 +[e,f]=polar2rect(xc,xco) //Z3 +[g,h]=addition(a,c,e,b,d,f) //Z1+Z2+Z3 +[i,j]=rect2polar(g,h) //ZT +//Results +printf("ZT = %.3f ohm < %.2f degree",i,j) diff --git a/3883/CH15/EX15.9/EX15_9.sce b/3883/CH15/EX15.9/EX15_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e6f01cfd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH15/EX15.9/EX15_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +//Chapter 15, Example 15.9 +clc +funcprot(0) + +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1-y2 +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + //division + function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x1=4 //real value +x2=100 //real value +y1=-90 //angle in degree +y2=0 //angle in degree +r=3 //real value +x3=3 //real value +x4=100 //real value +y3=0 //angle in degree +y4=0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) //function of multipliation +[c,d]=polar2rect(x1,y1) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(r,y2) //function of conversion +[i,j]=addition(e,f,c,d) //function of addition +[o,p]=rect2polar(i,j) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(a,o,b,p) //function of division +[aa,ba]=voltdivider(x3,x4,y3,y4) //function of multipliation +[ma,na]=division(aa,o,ba,p) //function of division + +//Results +printf("Vc = %d V < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("Vr = %d V < %.2f degree",ma,na) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.1/EX16_1.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.1/EX16_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..19173aeb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.1/EX16_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.1 +clc + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //addition + function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = 1 //real value of impedance1 +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +xc = 2 //real value of Xc +xco = -90 //angle in degree +xl = 3 //real value of Xl +xlo = 90 //angle in degree +ev = 120 //real value of E +eo = 0 //angle in degree + + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(xc,xl,xco,xlo) //function of multiplication +x= -xc+xl //real value +xo= 90 //angle in degree +[c,d]=division(a,x,b,xo) //function of division +[aa,bb]=polar2rect(z1,z1o) //function of conversion +[cc,dd]=polar2rect(c,d) //function of conversion +[e,f]=addition(aa,cc,bb,dd) //function of addition +[ee,ff]=rect2polar(e,f) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(ev,ee,eo,ff) //function of division +[v,w]=voltdivider(m,z1,n,z1o) //function of multiplication +[vv,ww]=voltdivider(m,c,n,d) //function of multiplication +[q,r]=division(vv,xc,ww,xco) //function of division +pdel = (m*m)*z1 //power in watt +fp = cosd(n) //lagging +//Results +printf("a. Zt = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",ee,ff) +printf("b. Is = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("c. Vr = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",v,w) +printf(" Vc = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",vv,ww) +printf("d. Ic = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",q,r) +printf("e. Pdel = %.2f W \n",pdel) +printf("f. Fp = %.3f leading \n",fp) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.2/EX16_2.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.2/EX16_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0bdb67d57 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.2/EX16_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.2 +clc +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +x=complex(3,4) //complex form of Z1 +y=complex(0,-8) //complex form of Z2 +i = 50 //real value of current in ampere +io = 30 //angle in degree +//Calculation + +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(x),imag(x)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(y),imag(y)) //function of conversion +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(c,i,d,io) //function og multiplication +[cc,dd]=addition(real(y),real(x),imag(y),imag(x)) +[e,f]=rect2polar(cc,dd) //function of conversion +[ee,ff]=division(aa,e,bb,f) //function of division +[ac,bc]=voltdivider(a,i,b,io) //function og multiplication +[ea,fa]=division(ac,e,bc,f) //function of division +[m,n]=polar2rect(ee,ff) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=polar2rect(ea,fa) //function of conversion +[ma,na]=addition(m,mm,n,nn) //function of addition +[mb,nb]=rect2polar(ma,na) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("a. I1 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",ee,ff) +printf("b. I2 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",ea,fa) +printf("c. %d A < %d degree = %d A < %d degree (checks) ",mb,nb,mb,nb) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.3/EX16_3.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.3/EX16_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5a2ec90bb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.3/EX16_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.3 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar1(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1=complex(5,0) //complex form of Z1 +z2= complex(0,-12) //complex form of Z2 +z3 = complex(0,8) //complex form of Z3 +e1 = 20 //real part of voltage +e1o = 20 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(a,e1,b,e1o) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) //function of addition +[cc,dd]=rect2polar(c,d) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(aa,cc,bb,dd) //function of division +[ee,ff]=rect2polar1(real(z3),imag(z3)) //function of conversion +[g,h]=division(e1,ee,e1o,ff) //function of division +[gg,hh]=division(e1,cc,e1o,dd) //function of division +[o,p]=polar2rect(g,h) //function of conversion +[oo,pp]=polar2rect(gg,hh) //function of conversion +[m,n]=addition(o,oo,p,pp) //function of addition +[mm,nn]=rect2polar(m,n) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("a. Vc = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf("b. I1 = %.1f A < %.2f degree \n",g,h) +printf(" I2 = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",gg,hh) +printf(" Is = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",mm,nn) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.4/EX16_4.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.4/EX16_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..404acec9b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.4/EX16_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.4 +clc + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +//subtraction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +x=complex(3,4) //complex form of Z1 +y=complex(8,-6) //complex form of Z2 +ea = 100 //source in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree +xo = 90 +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(x),imag(x)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(y),imag(y)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of conversion +[g,h]=addition(real(x),real(y),imag(x),imag(y)) +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[i,j]=division(e,gg,f,hh) //function of division +[k,l]=division(ea,i,eo,j) //function of division +[m,n]=division(ea,a,eo,b) //function of division +[mm,nn]=division(ea,c,eo,d) //function of division +[o,p]=voltdivider(m,real(x),n,eo) //function of multiplication +[oo,pp]=voltdivider(mm,real(y),nn,eo) //function of multiplication +[q,r]=voltdivider(real(x),ea,eo,eo) //function of multiplication +[s,t]=polar2rect(real(x),eo) //function of conversion +[ss,tt]=polar2rect(imag(x),xo) //function of conversion +[sa,ta]=addition(s,ss,t,tt) //function of addition +[sb,tb]=rect2polar(sa,ta) +[qa,ra]=division(q,sb,r,tb) //function of division +[v,w]=polar2rect(oo,pp) //function of conversion +[vv,ww]=polar2rect(o,p) //function of conversion +[va,wa]=subtraction(v,vv,w,ww) //function of subtraction +[vb,wb]=rect2polar(va,wa) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("Zt = %.3f ohm < %.2f degree \n",i,j) +printf("Is = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",k,l) +printf("I1 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf("I2 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",mm,nn) +printf("Vr1 = %d V < %.2f degree \n",o,p) +printf("Vr2 = %d V < %.2f degree \n",oo,pp) +printf("Vr1 = %d V < %.2f degree \n",qa,ra) +printf("Vab = %d V < %.2f degree \n",vb,wb) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.5/EX16_5.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.5/EX16_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9918cf369 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.5/EX16_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.5 +clc + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +ra = 50*10^3 //real value of Ra +rao = 0 //angle in degree +rb = 3.3*10^3 //real value of Rb +rbo = 0 //angle in degree +x=complex(1*10^3,-159.16) //complex form of Z2 +ia = 4*10^-3 //real value of current in milliampere +iao = 0 //angle in degree +y=complex(1*10^3,-0.796) //complex form of Z2 + +//Calculation +z1 = (ra*rb)/(ra+rb) //Z1 in kilo ohms +[a,b]=voltdivider(z1,ia,rao,iao) //function of mltiplicaion +[c,d]=addition(z1,real(x),rao,imag(x)) +[g,h]=rect2polar(c,d) //function of conversion +[j,k]=division(a,g,b,h) //function of division +[m,n]=voltdivider(j,real(x),k,rao) //function of mltiplicaion +[cc,dd]=addition(z1,real(y),rao,imag(y)) +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(cc,dd) +[jj,kk]=division(a,gg,b,hh) //function of division +[mm,nn]=voltdivider(jj,real(y),kk,rao) //function of mltiplicaion + + +//Results +printf("a. VL = %.3f V < %.3f degree \n",m,n) +printf("b. VL = %.3f V < %.3f degree \n",mm,nn) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.6/EX16_6.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.6/EX16_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9872f980c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.6/EX16_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.6 +clc + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +it = 2.626*10^-3 //real value of current in milliampere +ito = 51.02 //angle in degree +z1 = 1.545*10^3 //real value of Z1 +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +x=complex(10*10^3,-20*10^3) //complex form of Z2 + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(z1,it,z1o,ito) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=addition(z1,real(x),z1o,imag(x)) //function of addition +[e,f]=rect2polar(c,d) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(a,e,b,f) //function of division +[o,p]=rect2polar(real(x),imag(x)) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=voltdivider(m,o,n,p) //function of multiplication + + + +//Results +printf("a. I = %.3f mA < %.3f degree \n",m*10^3,n) +printf("b. V = %.3f V < %.3f degree \n",mm,nn) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.7/EX16_7.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.7/EX16_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..078f15649 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.7/EX16_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.7 +clc +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + + +//Variable Declaration +z1 = 10 //real value of Z1 +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +z2 = complex(3,4) //complex form of Z2 +z3 = complex(8,-6) //complex form of Z3 +ea = 200 //source voltage in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //function of conversion +y1=1/z1 //admittance1 +y1o = 0 //angle in degree +y2 = 1/a //admittance2 +ya2 = -b //angle in degree +y3 = 1/c //admittance3 +ya3 = -d //angle in degree +[e,f]=polar2rect(y2,ya2) //function of conversion +[g,h]=polar2rect(y3,ya3) //function of conversion +[m,n]=addition(y1,e,g,y1o,f,h) //function of addition +[o,p]=rect2polar(m,n) //function of conversion +[s,t]=voltdivider(ea,o,eo,p) //function of multiplication +[sa,ta]=division(ea,z1,eo,z1o) //function of division +[sb,tb]=division(ea,a,eo,b) //function of division +[sc,tc]=division(ea,c,eo,d) //function of division +zt1 = 1/o //real value of Zt +zt2 = -p //angle in degree +[v,w]=polar2rect(s,t) //function of conversion +[va,wa]=polar2rect(sa,ta) //function of conversion +[vb,wb]=polar2rect(sb,tb) //function of conversion +[vc,wc]=polar2rect(sc,tc) //function of conversion +[vv,ww]=addition(va,vb,vc,wa,wb,wc) //function of addition +//Results +printf("a. I = %.1f A < %.3f degree \n",s,t) +printf("b. I1 = %d A < %d degree \n",sa,ta) +printf(" I2 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",sb,tb) +printf(" I3 = %d A < %.2f degree \n",sc,tc) +printf("c. %d %dj = %d %dj (checks)\n",v,w,vv,ww) +printf("d. Zt = %.3f ohm < %.3f degree \n",zt1,zt2) diff --git a/3883/CH16/EX16.8/EX16_8.sce b/3883/CH16/EX16.8/EX16_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f34f69762 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH16/EX16.8/EX16_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +//Chapter 16, Example 16.8 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = 4 //real value of Z1 +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +z2=complex(9,-7) //complex form of Z2 +z3=complex(8,6) //complex form of Z3 +ev = 100 //source voltage in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of multiplication +[ee,ff]=addition(real(z2),real(z3),imag(z2),imag(z3)) +[m,n]=rect2polar(ee,ff) //function of conversion +[ea,fa]=division(e,m,f,n) //function of division +[eb,fb]=polar2rect(ea,fa) //function of conversion +[g,h]=addition(z1,eb,z1o,fb) //function of addition +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[o,p]=division(ev,gg,eo,hh) //function of division +fp=gg/gg +[i,j]=voltdivider(a,o,b,p) //function of multiplication +[q,r]=division(i,m,j,n) //function of division +[qa,ra]=polar2rect(q,r) //function of conversion +[qb,rb]=polar2rect(o,p) //function of conversion +[s,t]=subtraction(qb,qa,rb,ra) //function of subtraction +[ss,tt]=rect2polar(s,t) //function of conversion +pt = ev*o*cosd(1.5) //power in watt +//Results +printf("a. Zt = %.3f ohm < %.1f degree \n",gg,hh) +printf("b. I = %.2f A < %.1f degree \n",o,p) +printf("c. Fp = %d \n",fp) +printf("I2 = %.2f A < %d degree \n",q,r) +printf("I1 = %.1f A < %.2f degree \n",ss,tt) +printf("Pt = %.2f W \n",pt) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.1/EX17_1.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.1/EX17_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0394583ab --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.1/EX17_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.1 +clc +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +ea = 100 //source voltage in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree +za = 5 //real value of Z +zo = 53.13 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=division(ea,za,eo,zo) //function of division + + + +//Results +printf("I = %d A < %.2f degree \n",a,b) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.12/EX17_12.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.12/EX17_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a29b86b08 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.12/EX17_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.12 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = 24 //real part in milliampere +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +z2 = -0.539 //real part in milliampere +z2o = 21.80 //angle in degree +z3 = 0.5 //real part in milliampere +z3o = 0 //angle in degree +z4 = 4 //real part in milliampere +z4o = 0 //angle in degree +z5 = 2.5 //real part in milliampere +z5o= -2.29 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(z1,z2,z1o,z2o) //z1*z2 function of multiplication +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(z3,z4,z3o,z4o) //z3*z4 function of multiplication +[ac,bc]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[ad,bd]=polar2rect(aa,bb) //function of conversion +[c,d]=addition(ac,ad,bc,bd) //function of addition +[ca,da]=rect2polar(c,d) //function of conversion +[m,n]=voltdivider(z5,z2,z5o,z2o) //function of multiplication +[ma,na]=voltdivider(z3,z3,z3o,z3o) //function of multiplication +[mb,nb]=polar2rect(m,n) //function of conversion +[mc,nc]=polar2rect(ma,na) //function of conversion +[md,nd]=addition(mb,mc,nb,nc) //function of addition +[me,ne]=rect2polar(md,nd) //function of conversion +[o,p]=division(ca,me,da,ne) //function of division +//Results +printf("V1 = %.2f V < %.2f degree ",o,p) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.16/EX17_16.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.16/EX17_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..91990145a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.16/EX17_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.16 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar1(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(1/4,0) +z2 = complex(0,1/5) +z3 = complex(0,1/-2) +i1 = 6 +i1o = 0 +i2 = 4 +i2o = 0 + +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition1(real(z3),real(z2),imag(z3),imag(z2)) //y3+y2 +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(a,b) +[ac,bc]=voltdivider(-aa,i1,-bb,i1o) //(y3+y2)/i1 +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) +[cc,dd]=voltdivider(i2,c,i2o,d) //i2y2 +[w,v]=polar2rect(ac,bc) +[ww,vv]=polar2rect(cc,dd) +[wa,va]=addition1(w,ww,v,vv) +[wb,vb]=rect2polar(wa,va) +[ca,da]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) +[cb,db]=rect2polar1(real(z3),imag(z3)) +[e,f]=voltdivider(ca,cb,da,db) +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(e,f) +[g,h]=voltdivider(c,cb,d,db) +[gg,hh]=polar2rect(g,h) +[m,n]=voltdivider(ca,c,da,d) +[mm,nn]=polar2rect(m,n) +[o,p]=addition(ee,gg,mm,ff,hh,nn) +[oo,pp]=rect2polar(o,p) +[s,t]=division(wb,oo,vb,pp) +//Results +printf("V1 = %.2f V < %.2f degree ",s,t) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.17/EX17_17.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.17/EX17_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fe2d484a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.17/EX17_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +z1= complex(7,8) +z2 = complex(4,5) +z3 = complex(0,-10) +z4 = complex(8,0) +e1 = 20 +e1o = 0 +i1 = 10 +i1o = 20 + +//Calculation + + + +//Results diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.19/EX17_19.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.19/EX17_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14e9f55a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.19/EX17_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration + + +//Calculation + + + +//Results diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.2/EX17_2.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.2/EX17_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..40048d8ea --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.2/EX17_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.2 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +zc = 4 //real value of Zc +zco = -90 //angle in degree +zl = 6 //real value of Zl +zlo = 90 //angle in degree +ia = 10 //real value of I +iao = 60 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(zc,zl,zco,zlo) //function of multiplication +[a,b]=polar2rect(zc,zco) //function of conversion +[c,d]=polar2rect(zl,zlo) //function of conversion +[e,f]=addition(a,c,b,d) //function of addition +[ee,ff]=rect2polar(e,f) //function of conversion +[g,h]=division(aa,ee,bb,ff) //function of division +[i,j]=voltdivider(ia,g,iao,h) //function of multiplication + +//Results +printf("Z = %d V < %d degree \n",g,h) +printf("E = %d V < %d degree \n",i,j) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.20/EX17_20.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.20/EX17_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..16f34a6f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.20/EX17_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.20 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +za=complex(0,-4) //complex form of Za +zb=complex(0,-4) //complex form of Zb +zc=complex(3,4) //complex form of Zc +z4 = complex(2,0) //complex form of Z4 +z5 = complex(3,0) //complex form of Z5 + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zb),imag(zb)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(zc),imag(zc)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of multiplication +[g,h]=addition(real(za),real(zb),real(zc),imag(za),imag(zb),imag(zc)) //function of addition +[i,j]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(e,i,f,j) //function of division +[o,p]=polar2rect(m,n) //Z1 function of conversion +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(real(za),imag(za)) //function of conversion +[ee,ff]=voltdivider(aa,c,bb,d) //function of multiplication +[mm,nn]=division(ee,i,ff,j) //function of division +[oo,pp]=polar2rect(mm,nn) //Z2 function of conversion +[ac,bc]=voltdivider(aa,a,bb,b) //function of multiplication +[ad,bd]=division(ac,i,bc,j) //function of division +[ae,be]=polar2rect(ad,bd) //Z3 function of conversion +[ma,na]=addition1(o,real(z4),p,imag(z4)) //function of addition +[mb,nb]=rect2polar(ma,na) //ZT1 function of conversion +[s,t]=addition1(oo,real(z5),pp,imag(z5)) //function of addition +[sa,ta]=rect2polar(s,t) //ZT2 function of conversion +[sb,tb]=voltdivider(mb,sa,nb,ta) //function of multiplication +[sc,tc]=addition1(ma,s,na,t) //function of addition +[se,te]=rect2polar(sc,tc) //function of conversion +[sd,td]=division(sb,se,tb,te) //function of division +[sf,tf]=polar2rect(sd,td) //ZT3 function of conversion +[si,ti]=addition1(ae,sf,be,tf) //function of addition +[sv,tv]=rect2polar(si,ti) //function of conversion + + +//Results +printf("ZT = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",sv,tv) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.21/EX17_21.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.21/EX17_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..284a5c6dc --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.21/EX17_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.21 +clc +//Variable Declaration +zt = complex(1,2) +zd = complex(3,6) + +//Calculation +a= real(zd)/3 +b= imag(zd)/3 +c = a*3 +d = b*3 +e = c/2 +f = d/2 +g = (e*2)/3 +h = (f*2)/3 +//Results +printf("Zy = %d ohm + j %d ohm \n",a,b) +printf("Zt = %d ohm + j %d ohm \n",real(zt),imag(zt)) +printf("Zdel = %d ohm + j %d ohm \n",c,d) +printf("Z1 = %.1f ohm + j %d ohm \n",e,f) +printf("Zt = %d ohm + j %d ohm \n",g,h) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.3/EX17_3.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.3/EX17_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f51970dc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.3/EX17_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.3 +clc + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +ea = 20 //source voltage in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree +z1 = 5*10^3 //real value of Z +z1o = 0 //angle in degree + + +//Calculation +[a,b]=division(ea,z1,eo,z1o) //function of division + + + +//Results +printf("I =(%d X 10^-3 V)A < %d degree",a*10^3,b) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.4/EX17_4.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.4/EX17_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e65e631a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.4/EX17_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.4 +clc + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +ia= 100 //real value of I +iao = 0 //angle in degree +z1 = 40*10^3 //real value of Z +z1o = 0 //angle in degree + + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(ia,z1,iao,z1o) + + +//Results +printf("E = (%d x 10^6I)V < %d degree",a/10^6,b) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.5/EX17_5.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.5/EX17_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..32f507c55 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.5/EX17_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.5 +clc +funcprot(0) +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//subtaction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar1(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(0,2) //complex form of Z1 +z2 = complex(4,0) //complex form of Z2 +z3 = complex(0,-1) //complex form of Z3 +e1 = 2 //source voltage in volts +e1o = 0 //angle in degree +e2 = 6 //source voltage in volts +e2o = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +a= ((e1-e2)*real(z2)) //real part of numerator +b=e1*imag(z3) //imaginary part of numerator +[c,d]=rect2polar(a,b) //function of conversion + +[e,f]=rect2polar1(real(z1),imag(z1)) //z1 function of conversion +[g,h]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //z2 function of conversion +[i,j]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //z3 function of conversion +[ca,da]=voltdivider(e,g,f,h) //z1*z2 function of multiplication +[cb,db]=voltdivider(e,i,f,j) //z1*z3 function of multiplication +[cc,dd]=voltdivider(g,i,h,j) //z2*z3 function of multiplication +[s,t]=polar2rect(ca,da) //function of conversion +[sa,ta]=polar2rect(cb,db) //function of conversion +[sb,tb]=polar2rect(cc,dd) //function of conversion + +[o,p]=addition(s,sa,sb,t,ta,tb) //function of addition +[m,n]=rect2polar(o,p) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=division(c,m,d,n) //function of division +//Results +printf("I1 = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",mm,nn) diff --git a/3883/CH17/EX17.9/EX17_9.sce b/3883/CH17/EX17.9/EX17_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4aa889403 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH17/EX17.9/EX17_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +//Chapter 17, Example 17.9 +clc + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(1,2) //complex form of Z1 +z2 = complex(4,-8) //complex form of Z2 +z3 = complex(0,6) //complex form of Z3 +e1 = 8 //source of voltage in volts +e1o = 20 //angle in degree +e2 = 10 //source of voltage in volts +e2o = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //z2 function of conversion +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(a,e1,b,e1o) //function of multiplication +[ac,bc]=polar2rect(aa,bb) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) //z1 function of conversion +[ca,da]=voltdivider(c,e2,d,e2o) //function of multiplication +[cb,db]=polar2rect(ca,da) //function of conversion +[cc,dd]=subtraction(ac,cb,bc,db) //function of subtraction +[e,f]=rect2polar(cc,dd) //function of conversion +[ea,fa]=voltdivider(c,a,d,b) //Z1*z2 function of multiplication +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(ea,fa) //function of conversion +[g,h]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //z3 function of conversion +[ga,ha]=voltdivider(c,g,d,h) //z1*z3 function of multiplication +[gg,hh]=polar2rect(ga,ha) //function of conversion +[gb,hb]=voltdivider(a,g,b,h) //z2*z3 function of multiplication +[m,n]=polar2rect(gb,hb) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=addition(ee,gg,m,ff,hh,n) //function of addition +[ma,na]=rect2polar(mm,nn) //function of conversion +[mb,nb]=division(e,ma,f,na) //function of division + + +//Results +printf("I2 = %.2f A < %.2f degree",mb,nb) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.1/EX18_1.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.1/EX18_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0c2d90285 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.1/EX18_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.1 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(0,4) //complex form of Z1 +z2 = complex(0,4) //complex form of Z2 +z3 = complex(0,-3) //complex form of Z3 +e1 = 10 //real value of voltage +e1o = 0 //angle in degree +e2 = 5 //real value of voltage +e2o = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of multiplication +[g,h]=addition(real(z2),real(z3),imag(z2),imag(z3)) //function of addition +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(e,gg,f,hh) //z23 in ohms +[mo,no]=polar2rect(m,n) +[o,p]=addition(mo,real(z1),no,imag(z1)) //function of addition +[oo,pp]=rect2polar(o,p) //function of conversion +[s,t]=division(e1,oo,e1o,pp) //Is1 in ampere +[ss,tt]=polar2rect(s,t) //function of conversion +[aa,ba]=voltdivider(c,s,d,t) //function of multiplication +[ab,bb]=rect2polar(aa,ba) //function of conversion +[ac,bc]=division(ab,gg,bb,hh) //I in ampere +z12 = imag(z1)/2 //imaginary part of Z12 +[cc,dd]= addition(real(z1),real(z3),z12,imag(z3)) +[ca,da]=rect2polar(cc,dd) //function of conversion +[cb,db]=division(e2,ca,e2o,da) //Is2 +i2 = cb/2 //in ampere +[ma,na]=polar2rect(cb,db) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=addition(ss,ma,tt,na) //function of addition +[mb,nb]=rect2polar(mm,nn) //final I function of conversion + + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",mb,nb) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.14/EX18_14.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.14/EX18_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..87b6871a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.14/EX18_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.14 +clc; + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1-y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1=complex(3,4) //complex form of Z1 +z2=complex(0,-5) //complex form of Z2 +e1 = 20 //real value of voltage +e1o = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[ca,da]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of multiplication +[cb,db]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) +[cc,dd]=rect2polar(cb,db) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(ca,cc,da,dd) //function of division +[o,p]=polar2rect(e,f) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(e1,a,e1o,b) //function of division +//Resultss +printf("Zn = %.2f ohm %.2fj ohm \n",o,p) +printf("In = %d A < %.2f degree \n",m,n) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.15/EX18_15.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.15/EX18_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0d3e2d8ab --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.15/EX18_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.15 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1=complex(2,-4) //complex form of z1 +z2=complex(1,0) //complex form of z2 +z3=complex(0,5) //complex form of z3 +i = 3 //current in ampere +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) //z1+z2 in comp +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(a,b) //z1+z2 in polar form +[ac,bc]=rect2polar(real(z3),imag(z3)) //z3 in polar form +[ad,bd]=voltdivider(ac,aa,bc,bb) //z3(z1+z2) +[ae,be]=addition(real(z3),a,imag(z3),b) //z3+(z1+z2) in complex +[af,bf]=rect2polar(ae,be) //function of conversion +[ag,bg]=division(ad,af,bd,bf) //function of division +[ah,bh]=polar2rect(ag,bg) //function of conversion +za = real(z1)*i //real part +zb = imag(z1)*i //imaginary pary +[c,d]=rect2polar(za,zb) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(c,aa,d,bb) //function of division +//Results +printf("Zn = %.2f ohm + j%.2f ohm \n",ah,bh) +printf("In = %.2f A < %.1f degree \n",e,f) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.16/EX18_16.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.16/EX18_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fc5bbd670 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.16/EX18_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.16 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +zn = complex(7.50,2.50) //complex form of Zn +in = 2.68 //real value of current +ino = -10.3 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zn),imag(zn)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=voltdivider(in,a,ino,b) //function of multiplication + + +//Results +printf("Eth = %.1f V < %.2f degree \n",c,d) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.19/EX18_19.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.19/EX18_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1122daac7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.19/EX18_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.19 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(6,-8) +z2 = complex(0,8) +e1 = 9 +e1o = 0 +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) +[g,h]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) +[o,p]=division(e,gg,f,hh) +[oo,pp]=polar2rect(o,p) +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(c,e1,d,e1o) +[cc,dd]=division(aa,gg,bb,hh) +pmax = (cc*cc)/(4*a) +//Results +printf("ZL = %.2f ohm + j%d ohm \n",oo,pp) +printf("Pmax = %.2f W ",pmax) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.2/EX18_2.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.2/EX18_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e0cf13f4d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.2/EX18_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.2 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = complex(0,6) //complex form of Z1 +z2 = complex(6,-8) //complex form of Z2 +i1 = 2 //current in ampere +e1= 20 //real value of voltage +e1o = 30 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) //function of addition +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(a,b) //function of conversion +c=imag(z1)*i1 //imaginary part +[i,j]=rect2polar(real(z1),c) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(i,aa,j,bb) //I1 function of division +[m,n]=division(e1,aa,e1o,bb) //I2 function of division +[o,p]=polar2rect(e,f) //function of conversion +[oo,pp]=polar2rect(m,n) //function of conversion +[s,t]=addition(o,oo,p,pp) //function of addition +[ss,tt]=rect2polar(s,t) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",ss,tt) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.20/EX18_20.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.20/EX18_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..88e17dd82 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.20/EX18_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.20 +clc +//Variable Declaration + + +//Calculation + + + +//Results diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.21/EX18_21.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.21/EX18_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..446228a42 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.21/EX18_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.21 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rth = 4 //reistance in ohms +xth = 7 //in ohms +Xload = 4 //load resistance in ohms +eth = 20 //source voltage in volts +//Calculation +rl = sqrt((rth*rth)+ ((xth-Xload)*(xth-Xload))) //load resistance in ohms +rav = (rth+rl)/2 //resistance in ohms +p = (eth*eth)/(4*rav) //power in watt +pmax = (eth*eth)/(4*rth) //power in watt +//Results +printf("RL = %d ohm \n",rl) +printf("Rav = %.1f ohm \n",rav) +printf("P = %.2f W \n",p) +printf("Pmax = %d W \n",pmax) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.3/EX18_3.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.3/EX18_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d830c65a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.3/EX18_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.3 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +i1= 1.9 //real value of current in ampere +i1o = 108.43 //angle in degree +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +i2 = 3.16 //real value of current in ampere +i2o = 48.43 //angle in degree +it = i1+i2 //real value of current in ampere +ito = i1o-i2o //angle in degree +ia = 4.42 //total current in ampere +iao = 70.2 //angle in degree +//Calculation +v1 = i1*r1 //in volts +v2 = i2*r1 //in volts +[a,b]=polar2rect(v1,i1o) //function of conversion +[c,d]=polar2rect(v2,i2o) //function of conversion +[e,f]=addition(a,c,b,d) //function of addition +[i,j]=rect2polar(e,f) //function of conversion +vt = ia*r1 //in volts + +//Results +printf("V6ohm = %.1f V < %.1f degree \n",i,j) +printf("V6ohm = %.1f V < %.1f degree (checks)\n",vt,iao) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.4/EX18_4.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.4/EX18_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..36aba1522 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.4/EX18_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.4 +clc +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 0.5*10^3 //resistance1 in kiloohms +r1o = 0 //angle in degree +r2 = 1*10^3 //resistance2 in kiloohms +r2o = 0 //angle in degree +r3 = 3*10^3 //resistance3 in kiloohms +r3o = 0 //angle in degree +e1 = 12 //source voltage in volts +xc = 10*10^3 //reactance in kiloohms +xco = -90 //angle in degree +xl = 2*10^3 //reactance in kiloohms +xlo = 90 //angle in degree +e2 = 4 //source voltage in volts +e2o = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +rp1 = (r1*r3)/(r1+r3) //in kiloohms +v3 = (rp1*e1)/(rp1+r2) //V3(dc) in volts +[a,b]=voltdivider(r2,xc,r2o,xco) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=polar2rect(r2,r2o) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(xc,xco) //function of conversion +[g,h]=addition(c,e,d,f) //function of addition +[i,j]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(a,i,b,j) //z2 function of division +[o,p]=polar2rect(r3,r3o) //function of conversion +[q,r]=polar2rect(xl,xlo) //function of conversion +[s,t]=addition(o,q,p,r) //function of addition +[v,w]=rect2polar(s,t) //z3 function of conversion +[ma,na]=voltdivider(m,v,n,w) //function of multiplication +[mb,nb]=polar2rect(m,n) //function of conversion +[mc,nc]=addition(mb,s,nb,t) //function of addition +[md,nd]=rect2polar(mc,nc) //Z2 + Z31 function of conversion +[oo,pp]=division(ma,md,na,nd) //function of division +[qa,ra]=polar2rect(r1,r1o) //function of conversion +[qb,rb]=polar2rect(oo,pp) //function of conversion +[qc,rc]=addition(qa,qb,ra,rb) //function of addition +[qd,rd]=rect2polar(qc,rc) //Zt function of conversion +[va,wa]=division(e2,qd,e2o,rd) //Is function of division +[sa,ta]=voltdivider(m,va,n,wa) //Z2*Is function of multiplication +[sb,tb]=division(sa,md,ta,nd) //I3 function of division +[oa,pa]=voltdivider(sb,r3,tb,r3o) //V3(ac) function of multiplication +pb=oa*sqrt(2) //power in watt +//Results +printf("V3 = %.1f V \n",v3) +printf("V3 = %.1f + %.2f sin(wt %.2f degree)\n",v3,pb,pa) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.5/EX18_5.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.5/EX18_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0fb385711 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.5/EX18_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.5 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 +endfunction +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1 = 4 //real value of Z1 +z1o = 0 //angle in degree +z2 = complex(6,8) //complex form of Z2 +u=20 //unit +v=10 //real value of voltage +vo = 0 //angle in degree +h=100 //unit +iu = 20*10^-3 //current in milliampere +//Calculation +[a,b]=addition(z1,real(z2),z1o,imag(z2)) //function of addition +[c,d]=rect2polar(a,b) //function of conversion +e=1/c //I1 +f=-d +[g,ha]=voltdivider(z1,e,z1o,f) //I2 function of multiplication +i=e*u*v +[m,n]=polar2rect(i,f) //I1 function of conversion +j=g*h*iu +[ma,na]=polar2rect(j,ha) //function of conversion) +[q,r]=addition(m,ma,n,na) //function of addition +[qa,ra]=rect2polar(q,r) //function of conversion +//Results +printf("I2 = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",qa,ra) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.7/EX18_7.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.7/EX18_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..33b9afb29 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.7/EX18_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.7 +clc +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1+y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1=complex(0,8) //complex form of Z1 +z2=complex(0,-2) //complex form of Z2 +ea= 10 //source voltage in volts +eo = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=voltdivider(a,c,b,d) //function of multiplication +[g,h]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[o,p]=division(e,gg,f,hh) //function of division +[s,t]=voltdivider(c,ea,d,eo) //function of multiplication +[ss,tt]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[oo,pp]=division1(s,ss,t,tt) //function of conversion + + +//Results +printf("Zth = %.2f ohm < %d degree \n",o,p) +printf("Eth = %.2f V < %d degree \n",oo,pp) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.8/EX18_8.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.8/EX18_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b8ddeecc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.8/EX18_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.8 +clc +//multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +z1=complex(6,8) //complex form of Z1 +z2=complex(3,-4) //complex form of Z2 +z3=complex(0,5) //complex form of Z3 +ea= 10 //real value of voltage +eo = 0 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[aa,bb]=rect2polar(real(z1),imag(z1)) //function of conversion +[ac,bc]=rect2polar(real(z2),imag(z2)) //function of conversion +[a,b]=voltdivider(aa,ac,bb,bc) //function of multiplication +[g,h]=addition(real(z1),real(z2),imag(z1),imag(z2)) //function of addition +[i,j]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +[ii,jj]=division(a,i,b,j) //function of division +[ia,ja]=polar2rect(ii,jj) //function of conversion +[gg,hh]=addition(real(z3),ia,imag(z3),ja) //function of addition +[ga,ha]=rect2polar(gg,hh) //function of conversion +[c,d]=voltdivider(ac,ea,bc,eo) //function of multiplication +[ca,da]=division(c,i,d,j) //function of division + +//Results +printf("Zth = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",ga,ha) +printf("Eth = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",ca,da) diff --git a/3883/CH18/EX18.9/EX18_9.sce b/3883/CH18/EX18.9/EX18_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..566525bc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH18/EX18.9/EX18_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 18, Example 18.8 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +zth = 2*10^3 //resistance in kiloohms +rs = 0.5*10^3 //resistance1 in kiloohms +rs1 = 2.3*10^3 //resistance2 in kiloohms +rl = 1*10^3 //resistance3 in kiloohms + +//Calculation +rsa = rs+rs1 //total resistance in kiloohms +i1 = 1/rsa //wrong answer in textbook +eth = -i1*zth //in ohmEi +vl= (rl*eth)/((1*10^3)+(2*10^3)) //in Ei + + +//Results +printf("Zth = %d kohm \n",zth/10^3) +printf("Eth = %.2fEi \n",eth) +printf("VL = %.2fEi \n",vl) + diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.1/EX19_1.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.1/EX19_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..63bf0488a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.1/EX19_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.1, page 860 +clc +//Initialisation +p1=100 //power in watt +p2=200 //power in watt +p3=300 //power in watt +var1=0 //volt-amperes reactive +var2=700 //volt-amperes reactive +var3=1500 //volt-amperes reactive + +//Calculation +va1=sqrt((p1**2)+(var1**2)) //volt-amperes +va2=sqrt((p2**2)+(var2**2)) //volt-amperes +va3=sqrt((p3**2)+(var3**2)) //volt-amperes +pt=p1+p2+p3 //total power in watt +qt=var3-var2 //total volt-amperes +st=sqrt((pt**2)+(qt**2)) //total volt-amperes reactive +fp=pt/st //power factor +i=st/p1 //current in ampere +teta=acosd(fp) //angle in degree + +//Result +printf("VA of load 1 = %d \n",va1) +printf("VA of load 2 = %.1f \n",va2) +printf("VA of load 3 = %.2f \n",va3) +printf("Total Watt, Pt = %d \n",pt) +printf("Total volt-amperes reactive, Qt = %d \n",qt) +printf("Total volt-amperes, St = %d \n",st) +printf("Power factor, Fp = %.1f leading (C) \n",fp) +printf(" I = %d < + %.2f degree \n",i,teta) diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.2/EX19_2.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.2/EX19_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52e01fec6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.2/EX19_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.2, page 861 +clc +funcprot() +function [r,th]=rect2pol(x,y) +//rectangle to polar coordinate conversion + r=sqrt(x^2+y^2); + th = atan(y,x)*180/%pi; +endfunction + +//Initialisation +E=100 //emf in volt +r=6 //resistance in ohm +xl=7 //inductive reactance in ohm +xlang=90 //angle in degree +xc=15 //capacitive reactance in ohm +xcang=-90 //angle in degree +f1=60 //frequency in hertz + + +//Calculation +I=E/(r+complex(0,xl)+complex(0,-xc)) //current in ampere +[ir,iang]=rect2pol(real(I),imag(I)) //conversion to polar form +vr=ir*r //in volt +vl=ir*xl //in volt +vlang=iang*xlang //in degree +vc=ir*xc //in volt +vcang=xcang*iang //in degree +pt=E*ir*cosd(iang) //power in watt +st=E*ir //VAR +qt=E*ir*sind(iang) //VA +fp=pt/st //power factor +wr=(vr*ir)/f1 //energy in joule +wl=(vl*ir)*(2*3.14*f1)**-1 //energy in joule +wc=(vc*ir)/(2*3.14*f1) //energy in joule + +//Result +printf("(a) I = %d A < %.2f degree \n",ir,iang) +printf(" Pt = %d W \n",pt) +printf(" Qt = %d VAR \n",qt) +printf(" St = %d VA \n",st) +printf(" Fp = %.1f leading (C) \n",fp) +printf("(b) Wr = %d J \n",wr) +printf("(c) Wl = %.2f J \n",wl) +printf("(d) Wc = %.2f J \n",wc) diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.3/EX19_3.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.3/EX19_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0a10352f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.3/EX19_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.3, page 861 +clc +funcprot() +function [r,th]=rect2pol(x,y) +//rectangle to polar coordinate conversion + r=sqrt(x^2+y^2); + th = atan(y,x)*180/%pi; +endfunction + +//Initialisation +n=12 //no of device +p1=60 //power in watt +q1=0 //in VAR +fp1=1 //power factor +p2=6400 //power in watt +q2=0 //in VAR +fp2=1 //power factor +n2=5 //no of device +p0=746 //power in watt +eta=0.82 //eta contat +fp3=0.72 //power factor +e=208 //emf in volt +r=9 //resistance in ohm +xc=12 //capacitive reactance in ohm +z=complex(9,-12) + +//Calculation +tp1=n*p1 //power in watt +s1=tp1 //in VA +s2=p2 //in VA +p3=(p0*n2)/eta //power in watt +s3=p3/fp3 //in VA +q3=s3*sin(asin(fp3)) //in VAR +[zr,zang]=rect2pol(real(z),imag(z)) //function of conversion +i=e/zr //in ampere +iang=0-zang +p4=(i**2)*r //power in watt +q4=(i**2)*xc //in VAR +s4=sqrt((p4**2)+(q4**2)) //in VA +fp4=p4/s4 //power factor +pt=tp1+p2+p3+p4 //total power in watt +qt=q1+q2+q3-q4 //in VAR(L) +st=sqrt((pt**2)+(qt**2)) //in VA +fpt=pt/st //power factor +tetat=acosd(fpt) //angle in degree +it=st/e //in ampere + +//Result +printf("(a) Bulb \n") +printf(" P1 = %d W \n",tp1) +printf(" Q1 = %d VAR \n",q1) +printf(" S1 = %d VA\n",s1) +printf(" Fp1 = %d \n",fp1) +printf(" Heating elements \n") +printf(" P2 = %.1f kW\n",p2/1000) +printf(" Q2 = %d VAR\n",q2) +printf(" S2 = %.1f KVA\n",s2/1000) +printf(" Fp2 = %d \n",fp2) +printf(" Motor \n") +printf(" P3 = %.2f W\n",p3) +printf(" Q3 = %.2f VAR\n",q3) +printf(" S3 = %.2f VA\n",s3) +printf(" Fp = %.2f lagging \n",fp3) +printf(" Capacitive load \n") +printf(" P4 = %.2f W\n",p4) +printf(" Q4 = %.2f VAR\n",q4) +printf(" S4 = %.2f VA\n",s4) +printf(" Fp = %.1f lagging \n",fp4) +printf("(b) \n") +printf(" Pt = %.2f W \n",pt) +printf(" Qt = %.2f VAR \n",qt) +printf(" St = %.2f VA\n",st) +printf(" Fp = %.3f lagging \n",fpt) +printf("(c) \n") +printf(" I = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",it,-tetat) + diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.4/EX19_4.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.4/EX19_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a4ca19d39 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.4/EX19_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.4, page 864 +clc +//Initialisation + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +ei=5000 //in VAR +v=100 //emf in volt +fp=0.6 //power factor + +//Calculation +i=ei/v //current in ampere +teta=-acosd(fp) //phase angle in degree +zt=v/i //impedance of the circuit in ohm +[a,b]=polar2rect(zt,teta) //function of conversion +//Result +printf("I = %d A < %.2f degree \n",i,teta) +printf("Zt =%.1f ohm + j %.1f ohm",a,-b) diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.5/EX19_5.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.5/EX19_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7a01ece1b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.5/EX19_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.5, page 865 +clc +//Initialisation +hp1=746 //1 hp +eta=0.92 //eta +fp=0.6 //power factor +v=208 //voltage +qc=5405.8 //in VAR +f=60 //frequency in hertz + + +//Calculation +p0=5*hp1 //output power in watt +pi=p0/eta //input power in watt +teta=acosd(fp) //angle in degree +ql=pi*tand(teta) //in VAR(L) +s=sqrt((pi**2)+(ql**2)) //in VA +xc=(v**2)/(qc) //in ohms +c=1/(2*3.14*f*xc) //in microfarad +i1=s/v //in ampere +i2=pi/v //in ampere +im=pi/(v*fp) //in ampere + + +//Result +printf("(a) Power traingle, \n") +printf(" Pi = %.2f W \n",pi) +printf(" QL = %.2f VAR \n",ql) +printf(" S = %.2f VA \n",s) +printf("(b) C = %.1f uF \n",c*10**6) +printf("(c) At 0.6 Fp, I = %.2f A \n",i1) +printf(" At unity Fp, I = %.2f A \n",i2) +printf("(d) Im = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",im,teta) diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.6/EX19_6.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.6/EX19_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cfe0dca26 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.6/EX19_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.6, page 867 +clc +//Initialisation +s=20000 //in VA +fp=0.7 //power factor +p1=10000 //power in watt +p2=14000 //power in watt from fig. 19.28 +e=1000 //voltage +fp2=0.95 //power factor +f=60 //frequency in hertz + +//Calculation +p=s*fp //power factor +teta = acosd(fp) //phase angle in degree +ql=s*sind(teta) //in VAR +st=sqrt(((p1+p2)**2)+(ql**2)) //in VA +it=st/e //current in ampere +teta2=acosd(fp2) //phase angle in degree +ql1=(p1+p2)*tand(teta2) //in VAR +qc=ql-ql1 //in VAR +xc=(e**2)/qc //capacitive impedance in ohm +c=1/(2*3.14*f*xc) //capacitance ih farad +st1=sqrt(((p1+p2)**2)+(ql1**2)) //in VA +it1=st1/e //current in ampere + +//Result +printf("(a) It = %.2f A \n",it) +printf(" C = %.2f uF \n",c*10**6) +printf("(b) I = %.2f A \n",it1) diff --git a/3883/CH19/EX19.7/EX19_7.sce b/3883/CH19/EX19.7/EX19_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5dd71141 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH19/EX19.7/EX19_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 19, Example 19.7, page 872 +clc +//Initialisation +p=75 //power in watt +i=5 //current in watt +e=120 //voltage +rad1=377 //angular frequency in rad/s +p2=80 //power in watt +i2=4 //current in watt +p3=52 //power in watt +i3=2 //current in watt + +//Calculation +r=p/i**2 //resistance in ohm +zt=e/i //resistance in ohm +xl=sqrt((zt**2)-(r**2)) //resistance in ohm +l=xl/(rad1) //inductance in henry +r2=p2/i2**2 //resistance in ohm +r3=p3/i3**2 //resistance in ohm +zt3=e/i3 //resistance in ohm +xl3=sqrt((zt3**2)-(r3**2)) //resistance in ohm +l3=xl3/(rad1) //inductance in henry + +//Result +printf("(a) R = %d ohm \n L = %.2f mH \n",r,l*10**3) +printf("(b) R = %d ohm \n",r2) +printf("(c) R = %d ohm \n L = %.2f mH",r3,l3*10**3) diff --git a/3883/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce b/3883/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..234403c11 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH2/EX2.1/EX2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 2, Example 2.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +q = 0.16 //charge in coulomb (C) +t = 64*10^-3 //time in second (sec) + +//Calculation +I = q/t //current in ampere (A) + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A \n",I) + diff --git a/3883/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce b/3883/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..059d48022 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH2/EX2.2/EX2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Chapter 2, Example 2.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +Q = 641*10^-3 //charge in coulomb +I = 5*10^-3 //current in ampere +//Calculation +t = Q/I //time in seconds +//Results +printf("t = %.3f s",t/100) diff --git a/3883/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce b/3883/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8ca188662 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH2/EX2.3/EX2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Chapter 2, Example 2.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +W = 60 //in joule +Q = 20 //in coulomb +//Calculation +V = W/Q //ans in volt +//Results +printf("V = %d V",V) diff --git a/3883/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce b/3883/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ea6197c54 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH2/EX2.4/EX2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 2, Example 2.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +Q = 50*10^-6 //charge in coulomb +V = 6 //in volt + +//Calculation +W = Q*V //in microsec joule + +//Results +printf("W = %d uJ",W*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce b/3883/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eeabb0e05 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH2/EX2.5/EX2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 2, Example 2.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 450*10^-3 //current in millampere +b = 600*10^-3 //current in millampere +d = 45 //temperature in degree from graph 2.18.b +m = 60 //unit time in sec + +//Calculation +life = (a/b)*m //life in minutes + +//Results +printf("a. Life = %.d min \n",life) +printf("b. High temperature = %d degreeC",d) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.1/EX20_1.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.1/EX20_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3690c3f72 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.1/EX20_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.1 +clc + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +r = 2 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 10 //real value in volts +e1o = 0 //angle in degree +zt = 2 //real value in ohms +zto = 0 //angle in degree +x1 = 10 //real value in ohms +x1o = 90 //angle in degree +fs = 5000 //frequency in hertz + +//Calculation +i = e1/r //in ampere +[a,b]=voltdivider(i,x1,e1o,x1o) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=voltdivider(i,x1,e1o,-x1o) //function of multiplication +qs = x1/r //unit +bw = fs/qs //bandwidth in hertz +phpf=0.5*i*i*r //power in watt +//Results +printf("a. I = %d A < %d degree \n",i,e1o) +printf(" VL = %d V < %d degree \n",a,b) +printf(" Vc = %d V < %d degree \n",c,d) +printf("b. Qs = %d \n",qs) +printf("c. BW = %d Hz\n",bw) +printf("d. Phpf = %d W \n",phpf) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.10/EX20_10.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.10/EX20_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2b7ef2e6f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.10/EX20_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +fp = 318.31*10^3 //frequency in kHz +ql = 100 //unit +rp = 1*10^6 //in Mega ohm +i = 2*10^-3 //current in mA + +//Calculation +qp = ql //unit +bw = fp/qp //frequency in kHz +ztp = rp //in mega ohm +vp = i*ztp //in volts + + + +//Results +printf("a. fp = %.2f kHz \n",fp/10^3) +printf("b. Qp = %d \n",qp) +printf("c. BW = %.3f kHz \n",bw/10^3) +printf("d. Vp = %d V ",vp) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.11/EX20_11.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.11/EX20_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c3ce64684 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.11/EX20_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +fp = 50000 //frequency in Hz +bw = 2500 //bandwidth in Hz +l = 1*10^-3 //inductance in mH +rl = 10 //resistance in ohm +vp = 10 //in volts +rs = 17.298*10^3 //in kohms +//Calculation +qp = fp/bw //unit +xl = 2*%pi*fp*l //in ohm +ql = xl/rl //unit +rp = ql*ql*rl //in ohm +xc = xl //in ohm +c = 1/(2*%pi*fp*xc) //in uF +ztp = (rs*rp)/(rs+rp) //in kohm +i = vp/ztp //current in mA +//Results +printf("Qp = %d \n",qp) +printf("Ql = %.1f \n",ql) +printf("Rp = %.1f ohm \n",rp) +printf("C = %.2f uF \n",c*10^6) +printf("I = %.1f mA \n",i*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.2/EX20_2.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.2/EX20_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8162e650 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.2/EX20_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.2 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +fs = 4000 //frequency in hertz +bw = 400 //bandwidth in hertz +r = 10 //resistance in ohm +xc = 100 //in ohms + +//Calculation +qs = fs/bw //unit +xl = qs*r //in ohms +l = xl/(2*%pi*fs) //inductance in millihenry +c = 1/(2*%pi*fs*xc) //capacitance in microfarad +//Results +printf("a. Qs = %d \n",qs) +printf("b. XL = %d ohms \n",xl) +printf("c. L = %.2f mH \n",l*10^3) +printf(" C = %.3f uF \n",c*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.3/EX20_3.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.3/EX20_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca7cbcb52 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.3/EX20_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.3 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +xl = 300 //in ohms +r = 5 //in ohms +fs = 12000 //in hertz + + +//Calculation +qs = xl / r //unit +bw = fs/qs //bandwidth in hertz +f2 = fs + (bw/2) //frequency2 in hertz +f1 = fs-100 //frequency1 in hertz +//Results +printf("a. BW = %d Hz \n",bw) +printf("b. f2 = %d Hz \n",f2) +printf(" f1 = %d Hz \n",f1) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.4/EX20_4.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.4/EX20_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2de1cb1e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.4/EX20_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.4 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +bw = 200 //bandwidth in hertz +fs = 2800 //frequency in hertz +c = 101.5*10^-9 //capacitance in nanofarad +imax = 200*10^-3 //max current in milliampere + + +//Calculation +qs = fs/bw //unit +l = 1/(4*%pi*%pi*fs*fs*c) //inductance in mH +xl = 2*%pi*fs*l //in ohm +r = xl/qs //resistance in ohm +e = imax*r //in volts +//Results +printf("a. BW = %d Hz \n",bw) +printf(" Qs = %d \n",qs) +printf("b. L = %.3f mH \n",l*10^3) +printf(" R = %d ohm \n",r) +printf("c. E = %d V \n",e) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.5/EX20_5.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.5/EX20_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..28df84d0d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.5/EX20_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.5 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +e = 120 //in volts +p = 16 //power in watt +ws = 10^5 //in rad/s + +//Calculation +r = (e*e)/p //resistance in ohm +fs = ws/(2*%pi) //frequency in hertz +bw = 0.15*fs //bandwidth in hertz +l = r/(2*%pi*bw) //inductance in mH +c = 1/ (4*%pi*%pi*fs*fs*l) //capacitance in nF +xl = 2*%pi*fs*l //in ohm +qs = xl/r // unit +a = 1/qs //unit + +//Results +printf("a. P = %d ohm \n",r) +printf("b. BW = %.2f Hz \n",bw) +printf("c. L = %d mH \n",l*10^3) +printf(" C = %.2f nF \n",c*10^9) +printf("d. Qs = %.2f \n",qs) +printf("e. BW/fs = %.2f \n",a) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.6/EX20_6.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.6/EX20_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..00785d752 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.6/EX20_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.6 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +l = 1*10^-3 //inductance in mH +c = 1*10^-6 //capacitance in uF +rs = 10*10^3 //in ohm +i = 10*10^-3 //current in milliampere + + +//Calculation +fp = 1/(2*%pi*sqrt(l*c)) //frequency in kHz +xl = 2*%pi*fp*l //in ohm +qp = rs/xl //unit +bw = fp/qp //bandwidth in Hz +f1 = (1/(4*%pi*c))*((1/rs)-sqrt((1/(rs*rs))+((4*c)/l))) //frequency in kHz +f2 = (1/(4*%pi*c))*((1/rs)+sqrt((1/(rs*rs))+((4*c)/l))) //frequency in kHz +vc = i*rs //in volts +il = vc/xl //load current in ampere +ic = vc/xl //in ampere + +//Results +printf("a. fp = %.2f kHz \n",fp/10^3) +printf("b. Rs = %d kohm \n",rs/10^3) +printf("c. Qp = %.2f \n",qp) +printf(" BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw) +printf(" f1 = %.3f kHz \n",-f1/10^3) +printf(" f2 = %.3f kHz \n",f2/10^3) +printf("d. Vc = %d V \n",vc) +printf("e. IL = %.2f A \n",il) +printf(" Ic = %.2f A \n",ic) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.7/EX20_7.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.7/EX20_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..961740f4d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.7/EX20_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.7 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +l = 0.3*10^-3 //inductance in mH +c = 100*10^-9 //capacitance in nF +rl = 20 //in ohm +xco = -90 //angle in degree +i = 2*10^-3 //current in mA + +//Calculation +fs = 1/(2*%pi*sqrt(l*c)) //frequency in kHz +fm = fs*(sqrt(1-(1/4)*((rl*rl*c/l)))) //frequency in kHz +fp = fs*(sqrt(1-((rl*rl*c/l)))) //frequency in kHz +xl = 2*%pi*fm*l //in ohm +xc = 1/(2*%pi*fm*c) //in ohm +[a,b]=rect2polar(rl,xl) //function of conversion +[c,d]=voltdivider(a,xc,b,xco) //function of multiplication +[e,f]=subtraction(rl,0,xl,xc) //function of subtraction +[ee,ff]=rect2polar(e,f) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(c,ee,d,ff) //function of division +vc = i*m //in mV +qp = xl/rl //unit +bw = fp/qp //bandwidth in kHz +ql = (2*%pi*fs*l)/rl //unit +ztp = ql*ql*rl //in ohm +vc1 = i*ztp //in mV +bw1 = fp/qp //bandwidth in kHz + +//Results +printf("a. fs = %.2f kHz \n",fs/10^3) +printf(" fm = %.2f kHz \n",fm/10^3) +printf(" fp = %.2f kHz \n",fp/10^3) +printf("b. ZTm = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree \n",m,n) +printf(" VCmax = %.2f mV \n",vc*10^3) +printf("c. Qp = %.2f \n",qp) +printf("d. BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw/10^3) +printf("e. fs = %.2f kHz \n",fs/10^3) +printf(" Ql = %.2f \n",ql) +printf(" ZTp = %.2f ohm < 0 degree \n",ztp) +printf(" VCmax = %.1f mV \n",vc1*10^3) +printf(" BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw1/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.8/EX20_8.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.8/EX20_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c4c146e0e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.8/EX20_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.8 +clc + +//Variable Declaration +l = 1*10^-3 //inductance in mH +fp = 0.04*10^6 //frequency in microfarad +rl = 10 //in ohm +rs = 40*10^3 //in kohm + +//Calculation +xl = 2*%pi*fp*l //in ohm +ql = xl/rl //unit +rp = ql*ql*rl //in kiloohm +ztp = (rs*rp)/(rs+rp) //in kiloohm +c = 1/(4*%pi*%pi*fp*fp*l) //capacitance in nF +qp = ztp/xl //unit +bw = fp/qp //bandwidth in kHz +f1 = (1/(4*%pi*c))*((1/ztp)-sqrt((1/(ztp*ztp))+((4*c)/l))) //frequency in kHz +f2 = (1/(4*%pi*c))*((1/ztp)+sqrt((1/(ztp*ztp))+((4*c)/l))) //frequency in kHz +//Results +printf("a. Ql = %.2f \n",ql) +printf("b. Rp = %.2f kohm \n",rp/10^3) +printf("c. ZTp = %.2f kohm \n",ztp/10^3) +printf("d. C = %.2f nF \n",c*10^9) +printf("e. Qp = %.2f \n",qp) +printf("f. BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw/10^3) +printf(" f1 = %.3f kHz \n",-f1/10^3) +printf(" f2 = %.3f kHz \n",f2/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH20/EX20.9/EX20_9.sce b/3883/CH20/EX20.9/EX20_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bcda161ff --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH20/EX20.9/EX20_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +//Chapter 20, Example 20.9 +clc +stacksize(10000000); +//Variable Declaration +l = 5*10^-3 //inductance in mH +c = 50*10^-12 //capacitance in pF +rl = 100 //in ohm +rs = 50*10^3 //in kohm +i = 2*10^-3 //current in mA + +//Calculation +fs = 1/(2*%pi*sqrt(l*c)) //frequency in kHz +xl = 2*%pi*fs*l //in kohm +ql = xl/rl //unit +fp = fs //frequency in kHz +rp = ql*ql*rl //in Megaohm +ztp=((rs*rp)/(rs+rp)) //in kohm +qp = ztp/xl //unit +bw = fp/qp //frequency in kHz +bw1 = (1/(2*%pi))*((rl/l)+(1/(rs*c))) //frequency in kHz +vp = i*ztp //in volts + +//graph +x= 100 : 10000 : 500000 +//x=318.31*10**3 +rp1=(4*(%pi**2)*(l**2)*(x.^2))/rl +//rp1=rl**2/(4*(%pi**2)*(l**2)*(x.^2)) +vp1=i*((rs*rp1)./(rs+rp1)) + +plot(x,vp1); +xtitle('Passband response') +xlabel('f') +ylabel('Vo') +//insufficient data from textbook for plotting a graph + + +//Results +printf("a. fp = fs = %.2f kHz \n",fs/10^3) +printf("b. Qp = %.2f \n",qp) +printf("c. BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw/10^3) +printf(" BW = %.2f kHz \n",bw1/10^3) +printf("d. Vp = %.2f V \n",vp) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.1/EX21_1.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.1/EX21_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f19af4b4b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.1/EX21_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.1 +clc +//Initialisation +k=0.6 //coefficient of coupling +Lp=200*10**-3 //in Henry +Ls=800*10**-3 //in Henry +Np=50 //no of turns in primary +phip=450*10**-3 //in Wp/s +Ns=100 //no of turns in primary +ip=0.2/10**-3 //in Wp/s + +//Calculation +M=k*sqrt(Lp*Ls) //Mutual Inductance +ep=Np*phip //induced voltage +es=k*Ns*phip //induced voltage +epi=Lp*ip //induced voltage +esi=M*ip //induced voltage + +//Result +printf("(a) Mutual Inductance, M = %.3f mH \n",M*1000) +printf("(b) Induced Voltage, ep = %.1f V \n",ep) +printf("(c) Induced Voltage, es = %d V \n",es) +printf("(d) Induced Voltage, ep = %d V \n",epi) +printf("(e) Induced Voltage, es = %d V",esi) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.10/EX21_10.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.10/EX21_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77993215b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.10/EX21_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.10 +clc +funcprot(0) +function [r,th]=rect2pol(x,y) +//rectangle to polar coordinate conversion + r=sqrt(x^2+y^2); + th = atan(y,x)*180/%pi; +endfunction + +//Initialisation +Rp=3 //in ohm +Xlp=2400 //in ohm +W=400 //angular frequency in rad/s +M=0.9 //in henry +Rs=0.5 //in ohm +Rl=40 //in ohm +Xls=400 //in ohm + +//Calculation +Zp = complex(Rp,Xlp) //in ohm +Zi=Zp+(((W*M)**2)/(complex(Rs+Rl,Xls))) //Input impedance in ohm +[Zir,Zid]=rect2pol(real(Zi),imag(Zi)) + +//Result +printf("Zi = %.1f ohm + j %d ohm\n",real(Zi),imag(Zi)) +printf(" = %.2f ohm < %.2f degree",Zir,Zid) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.2/EX21_2.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.2/EX21_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08fa6356d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.2/EX21_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.2 +clc +//Initialisation +ep=200 //induced voltage +np=50 //no of turns +f=60 //frequency in hertz +es=2400 //induced voltage + +//Calculation +phim=ep/(4.44*np*f) //in Wb/m +ns=(np*es)/ep //no of turns + + +//Result +printf("(a) Maximum Flux = %.2f mWb \n",phim*10**3) +printf("(b) Secondary turns Ns = %d turns",ns) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.3/EX21_3.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.3/EX21_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d7bdde680 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.3/EX21_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.3 +clc +//Initialisation +np=40 //no of turns +ns=5 //no of turns +vl=200 //voltage +zl=2*10**3 //resistance in ohm +is=0.1 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +Ip=(ns/np)*is //current in amp +vg=(np/ns)*vl //voltage in volt +a=np/ns //turn ratio +zp=(a**2)*(zl) //in ohm + + +//Result +printf("(a) Ip = %.1f mA \n",Ip*10**3) +printf(" Vg = %d V \n",vg) +printf("(b) Zp = %d Kohm",zp/10**3) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.4/EX21_4.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.4/EX21_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aca1816e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.4/EX21_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.4 +clc +//Initialisation +p1=600 //power in watt +p2=400 //power in watt +p3=2000 //power in watt +vp=2400 //voltage in volt +v1=120 //voltage in volt +v2=240 //voltage in volt + +//Calculation +pt=p1+p2+p3 //power in watt +Ip=pt/vp //current in ampere +R=vp/Ip //resistance in ohm +i1=p1/v1 //current in ampere +i2=p3/v2 //current in ampere +vl=1.73*vp //voltage in volt +pt1=3*pt //power in watt +a=vp/v2 //ratio + +//Result +printf("(a) R = %d ohm \n",R) +printf("(b) I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf(" I2 = %.2f A \n",i2) +printf("(c) Vl = %d V \n",vl) +printf("(d) Pt = %d kW \n",pt1/1000) +printf("(e) a = %d \n",a) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.5/EX21_5.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.5/EX21_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1b846f479 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.5/EX21_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.5 +clc +//Initialisation +E=120 //voltage in volt +rt1=512 //resistance in ohm +rt2=8 //resistance in ohm +R=8 //resistance in ohm +np=8 //no of turns +ns=1 //no of turns + +//Calculation +is=E/(rt1+rt2) //current in ampere +p=(is**2)*R //power in watt +zp=((np/ns)**2)*R //resistance in ohm +is2=E/(rt1+zp) //current in ampere +p2=(is2**2)*zp //power in watt + + +//Result +printf("(a) P = %.2f W \n",p) +printf("(b) Zp = %d ohm \n",zp) +printf(" P = %.3f W \n",p2) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.6/EX21_6.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.6/EX21_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aac193897 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.6/EX21_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.6 +clc +//Initialisation +vp=70.7 //voltage in volt +pp=10 //power in watt +zl=8 //resistance in ohm +rt=500 + +//Calculation +pt=pp*4 //resulting power in watt +ip=pp/vp //current in ampere +zp=vp/ip //resistance in ohm +zp1=sqrt(zp/zl) //resistance in ohm +vl=vp/zp1 //voltage in volt +rt2=rt/2 //resistance in ohm +rt3=rt/3 //resistance in ohm +rt4=rt/4 //resistance in ohm + +//Result +printf("(a) Resulting power = %d W \n",pt) +printf("(b) Zp = %d ohm \n",zp) +printf("(c) Zp = %d : 1 \n",round(zp1)) +printf("(d) VL = %d V \n",round(vl)) +printf("(e) One Speaker = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf(" Two Speaker = %d ohm \n",rt2) +printf(" Three Speaker = %d ohm \n",rt3) +printf(" Four Speaker = %d ohm \n",rt4) diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.7/EX21_7.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.7/EX21_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c1ecc873 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.7/EX21_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.7 +clc +funcprot() +function [r,th]=rect2pol(x,y) +//rectangle to polar coordinate conversion + r=sqrt(x^2+y^2); + th = atan(y,x)*180/%pi; +endfunction + +//Initialisation +rp=1 //in ohm +a=2 //turn ratio +rs=1 //in ohm +xp=2 //in ohm +xs=2 //in ohm +ip=10 //in ampere +rl=60 //in ohm +vl=1200 //in volt + +//Calculation +Re=rp+((a**2)*rs) //in ohm +Xe=xp+((a**2)*xs) //in ohm +c=Re+((a**2)*rl) +vg=ip*complex(c,Xe) //in volt +[vgr,vgi]=rect2pol(real(vg),imag(vg)) //rectangle to polar conversion +vg2=a*vl //in volt + +//Result +printf("(a) Re = %d ohm \n",Re) +printf(" Xe = %d ohm \n",Xe) +printf("(b) Vg = %.2f V < %.2f degree \n",vgr,vgi) +printf("(c) Vg = %.2f V \n",vg2) + diff --git a/3883/CH21/EX21.8/EX21_8.sce b/3883/CH21/EX21.8/EX21_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..be5fe390a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH21/EX21.8/EX21_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 21, Example 21.8 +clc +//Initialisation +L1=5 //in henry +L2=10 //in henry +L3=15 //in henry +M12=2 //in henry +M23=3 //in henry +M13=1 //in henry + + +//Calculation +Lt=L1+L2+L3+(2*M12)-(2*M23)-(2*M13) //in henry + + +//Result +printf("Lt = %d H \n",Lt) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.1/EX22_1.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.1/EX22_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8ad8dadd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.1/EX22_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.1 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + //addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +teta2 = -120 //angle in degree +teta3 = 120 //angle in degree +eo = 120 //in volt +van = 120 //in volt +vano = 0 //angle in degree +vbn = 120 //in volt +vbno = -120 //angle in degree +vcn = 120 //in volt +vcno = 120 //angle in degree +zan = complex(3,4) //complex form of Zan +zbn = 5 //in ohm +zbno = 53.13 //angle in degree +zcn = 5 //in ohm +zcno = 53.13 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +el = sqrt(3)*eo //in volt +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zan),imag(zan)) //function of conversion +[b,c]=division(van,a,vano,b) //function of division +[e,f]=division(vbn,zbn,vbno,zbno) //function of division +[g,h]=division(vcn,zcn,vcno,zcno) //function of division +[bb,cc]=polar2rect(b,c) //function of conversion +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(e,f) //function of conversion +[gg,hh]=polar2rect(g,h) //function of conversion +[m,n]=addition(bb,ee,gg,cc,ff,hh) //function of addition +//Results +printf("a. theta2 = %d degree and theta3 = +%d degree \n",teta2,teta3) +printf("b. EL = %d V \n",el) +printf("c. Ian = %d A < %.2f degree \n",b,c) +printf(" Ibn = %d A < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf(" Icn = %d A < %.2f degree \n",g,h) +printf("d. IN = %d + j%d \n",m,n) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.2/EX22_2.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.2/EX22_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c2389b520 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.2/EX22_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.2 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + //addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +teta2 = -120 //angle in degree +teta3 = 120 //angle in degree +vab = 150 //in volts +vabo = 0 //angle in degree +vbc = 150 //in volts +vbco = -120 //angle in degree +vca = 150 //in volts +vcao = 120 //angle in degree +zab = complex(6,8) //complex form of Zab +zbc = 10 //in ohm +zbco = 53.13 //angle in degree +zca = 10 //in ohm +zcao = 53.13 //angle in degree +io = 15 //in ampere + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zab),imag(zab)) //function of conversion +[c,d]=division(vab,a,vabo,b) //function of division +[e,f]=division(vbc,zbc,vbco,zbco) //function of division +[g,h]=division(vca,zca,vcao,zcao) //function of division +il = sqrt(3)*io //in ampere +//Results +printf("a. theta2 = %d degree and theta3 = +%d degree \n",teta2,teta3) +printf("b. Iab = %d A < %.2f degree \n",b,c) +printf(" Ibc = %d A < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf(" Ica = %d A < %.2f degree \n",g,h) +printf("c. IL = %.2f A \n",il) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.3/EX22_3.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.3/EX22_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e4972b0c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.3/EX22_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.3 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + //addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +teta2 = -120 //angle in degree +teta3 = 120 //angle in degree +vab = 120 //in volts +vabo = 0 //angle in degree +vbc = 120 //in volts +vbco = 120 //angle in degree +vca = 120 //in volts +vcao = -120 //angle in degree +zab1 = 5 //in volt +zab1o = 0 //angle in degree +zab2 = 5 //in volt +zab2o = -90 //angle in degree +zab = complex(5,-5) //complex form Zab +zbc = 3.54 //in ohm +zbco = -45 //angle in degree +zca = 3.54 //in ohm +zcao = -45 //angle in degree +io = 34 //in ampere + +//Calculation +[aa,bb]=voltdivider(zab1,zab2,zab1o,zab2o) //function of multiplication +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zab),imag(zab)) //function of conversion +[s,t]=division(aa,a,bb,b) //function of division +[c,d]=division(vab,s,vabo,t) //function of division +[e,f]=division(vbc,zbc,vbco,zbco) //function of division +[g,h]=division(vca,zca,vcao,zcao) //function of division +il = sqrt(3)*io //in ampere +//Results +printf("a. theta2 = %d degree and theta3 = +%d degree \n",teta2,teta3) +printf("b. Iab = %.1f A < %d degree \n",c,d) +printf(" Ibc = %.1f A < %d degree \n",e,f) +printf(" Ica = %.1f A < %d degree \n",g,h) +printf("c. IL = %.2f A \n",il) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.4/EX22_4.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.4/EX22_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b0fe7449 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.4/EX22_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.4 +clc + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +ian = 2 //in ampere +iano = 0 //angle in degree +ibn = 2 //in ampere +ibno = -120 //angle in degree +icn = 2 //in ampere +icno = 120 //angle in degree +zan = 10 //in ohm +zano = -53.13 //angle in degree +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(ian,zan,iano,zano) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=voltdivider(ibn,zan,ibno,zano) //function of multiplication +[e,f]=voltdivider(icn,zan,icno,zano) //function of multiplication +el = sqrt(3)*a //in volt +//Results +printf("a. Van = %d V < %.2f degree \n",a,b) +printf(" Vbn = %d V < %.2f degree \n",c,d) +printf(" Vcn = %d V < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf("b. El = %.1f V ",el) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.5/EX22_5.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.5/EX22_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ad65a90c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.5/EX22_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vo = 100 //in volt +io = 20 //in ampere +teta = 53.13 //angle in degree +ro = 3 //in ohm +vr = 60 //in volt +el = 173.2 //in volt +il = 20 //in ampere +xo = 4 //in ohm +//Calculation +po = vo*io*cosd(teta) //in watt +po1 = io*io*ro //in watt +po2 = (vr*vr)/ro //in watt +pt = 3*po //in watt +pt1 = sqrt(3)*el*il*cosd(teta) //in watt +qo = vo*io*sind(teta) //in VAR +qo1 = io*io*xo //in VAR +qt = 3*qo //in VAR +qt1 = sqrt(3)*el*il*sind(teta) //in VAR +so = vo*io //in VA +st = 3*so //in VA +st1 = sqrt(3)*el*il //in VA +fp = pt1/st1 //lagging +//Results +printf("a. Po = %d W \n",po) +printf(" Po = %d W \n",po1) +printf(" Po = %d W \n",po2) +printf(" Pt = %d W \n",pt) +printf(" Pt = %d W \n",pt1) +printf("b. Qo = %d VAR \n",qo) +printf(" Qo = %d VAR \n",qo1) +printf(" Qt = %d VAR \n",qt) +printf(" Qt = %d VAR \n",qt1) +printf("c. So = %d VA \n",so) +printf(" St = %d VA \n",st) +printf(" St = %d VA \n",st1) +printf("d. Fp = %.1f lagging \n",fp) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.6/EX22_6.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.6/EX22_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3d281518a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.6/EX22_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.6 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction +//Variable Declaration +zd = complex(6,-8) //complex form of Zd +el = 200 //in volt +io = 20 //in ampere +ro = 6 //in ohm +xo = 8 //in ohm +vo = 200 //in volt +zy = complex(4,3) //complex form of Zy +ro1 = 4 //in ohm +xo1 = 3 //in ohm +vo1 = 116 //in volt + +//Calculation +[a,b]=rect2polar(real(zd),imag(zd)) //function of conversion +io = el/a //in ampere +pt = 3*io*io*ro //power in watt +qt = 3*io*io*xo //in VAR +st = 3*vo*io //in VA +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(zy),imag(zy)) //function of conversion +io1 = (el/sqrt(3))/(c) //in ampere +pty = 3*(io1*io1)*ro1 //power in watt +qty = 3*(io1*io1)*xo1 //in VAR +sty = 3*vo1*io1 //in VA +ptt = pt+pty //power in watt +qtt = qt-qty //in VAR +stt = sqrt((ptt*ptt)+(qtt*qtt)) //in VA +fp = ptt/stt //leading +//Results +printf("For the delta: \n") +printf("Pt = %d W \n",pt) +printf("Qt = %d VAR (C) \n",qt) +printf("St = %d VA \n",st) +printf("For he Y: \n") +printf("Pty = %d W \n",pty) +printf("Qty = %d VAR (L) \n",qty) +printf("Sty = %.2f VA \n",sty) +printf("For the total load:\n") +printf("Pt = %d W \n",ptt) +printf("Qt = %.d VAR (C) \n",qtt) +printf("St = %.1f VA \n",stt) +printf("Fp = %.3f leading \n",fp) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.7/EX22_7.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.7/EX22_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..153e4638b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.7/EX22_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.7 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + end +endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +vl = 12000 //in volt +pt = 160000 //power in watt +vo = 6936.42 //in volt +voo = 0 //angle in degree +co = 0.86 //cos +ioo= -30.68 //angle in degree +zl = 25 //in ohm +zlo = 53.13 //angle in degree +rl = 15 //in ohm +//Calculation +vo = vl/sqrt(3) //in volt +io = pt/(3*vo*co) //in ampere +[a,b]=voltdivider(io,zl,ioo,zlo) //function of multiplication +[c,d]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[e,f]=polar2rect(vo,voo) //function of conversion +[g,h]=addition(c,e,d,f) //function of addition +[gg,hh]=rect2polar(g,h) //function of conversion +eab = sqrt(3)*gg //in volt +pline = 3*io*io*rl //power line in watt +ptt= pt+pline //total power +co1= pt/(sqrt(3)*eab*io) //cos +n = (pt/ptt)*100 //efficiency in percentage +//Results +printf("a. Io = %.2f A \n",io) +printf(" Eab = %.2f V \n",eab) +printf("b. Fp = %.2f < 0.86 of load \n",co1) +printf("c. n = %.1f percent \n",n) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.8/EX22_8.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.8/EX22_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a57bbfd73 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.8/EX22_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.8 +clc +funcprot(0) +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar1(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=90 + else + th=-atand(y/x) + end +endfunction + +//subtraction +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + //Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//Variable Declaration +eab = 208 //real value +eabo = 0 //angle in degree +zab = 10 //real value +zabo = 0 //angle in degree +ebco = -120 //angle in degree +ecao = 120 //angle in degree +zbc = complex(15,20) //complex form of Zbc +zca = complex(12,12) //complex form of Zca + +//Calculation +[a,b]=division(eab,zab,eabo,zabo) //Iab function of division +[c,d]=rect2polar(real(zbc),imag(zbc)) //function of conversion +[e,f]=division(eab,c,ebco,d) //Ibc function of division +[g,h]=rect2polar1(real(zca),imag(zca)) //function of conversion +[m,n]=division(eab,g,ecao,h) //Ica function of division +[aa,bb]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[mm,nn]=polar2rect(m,n) //function of conversion +[o,p]=subtraction(aa,mm,bb,nn) //function of subtraction +[s,t]=rect2polar(o,p) //Iaa function of conversion +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(e,f) //function of conversion +[oo,pp]=subtraction(ee,aa,ff,bb) //function of subtraction +[oa,pa]=rect2polar(oo,pp) //function of conversion +[ob,pb]=subtraction(mm,ee,nn,ff) //function of subtraction +[oc,pc]=rect2polar(ob,pb) //function of conversion +od=(eab*s)*cosd(5.55) //in watt +pd = (eab*oc)*cosd(70.65) //in watt +pt = od+pd //in watt +ptt = (a*a*zab)+(e*e*real(zbc))+(m*m*real(zca)) //in watt +//Results +printf("a. Iab = %.1f A < %d degree \n",a,b) +printf(" Ibc = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",e,f) +printf(" Ica = %.2f A < %d degree \n",m,n) +printf("b. IAa = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",s,t) +printf(" IBb = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",oa,pa) +printf(" ICc = %.1f A < %.2f degree \n",oc,pc) +printf("c. P1 = %.2f W \n",od) +printf(" P2 = %.1f W \n",pd) +printf("d. PT = %.2f W \n",pt) +printf("e. PT = %.2f W \n",ptt) diff --git a/3883/CH22/EX22.9/EX22_9.sce b/3883/CH22/EX22.9/EX22_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d610ead3a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH22/EX22.9/EX22_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +//Chapter 22, Example 22.9 +clc +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + if x==0 then + th=-90 + elseif x<0 then + th=atand(y/x)+180 + else + th=atand(y/x) + if (x<0) & (y<0) then + th=th-180 + end + end +endfunction + +//Polar to Rectangle conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=(x*cosd(y))/1000 + i=(x*sind(y))/1000 +endfunction + +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1+x2 + c2 = y1+y2 + endfunction +//addition +function[c1,c2]=addition1(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1+x2+x3 + c2 = y1+y2+y3 + endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction(x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3) + c1 = x1-x2-x3 + c2 = y1-y2-y3 + endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1+y2 +endfunction + //multiplication +function [r,s] = voltdivider1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + r=x1*x2 + s=y1-y2 +endfunction +//division +function[q,x]=division(x1,x2,y1,y2) + q=x1/x2 + x=y1-y2 + endfunction + +function[c1,c2]=subtraction1(x1,x2,y1,y2) + c1 = x1-x2 + c2 = y1-y2 + endfunction +//Variable Declaration +eca = 200 //real value +ecao = 120 //angle in degree +z2 = 200 //real value +z2o = 0 //angle in degree +ebc = 200 //real value +ebco = -120 //angle in degree +z1 = 166 //real value +z1o = -90 //angle in degree +z3 = 200 //real value +z3o = 0 //angle in degree +eab = 200 //real value +eabo = 0 //angle in degree + +//Calculation +[a,b]=voltdivider(eca,z2,ecao,z2o) //EcaxZ2 +[aa,bb]=voltdivider1(ebc,z1,ebco,z1o) //Ebcxz1 +[e,f]=polar2rect(a,b) //function of conversion +[ee,ff]=polar2rect(aa,bb) //function of conversion +[ac,bc]=addition(e,ee,f,ff) //function of addiion +[ad,bd]=rect2polar(ac,bc) //num +[c,d]=voltdivider(z1,z2,z1o,z2o) //z1xz2 +[ca,da]=voltdivider(z1,z3,z1o,z3o) //z1xz3 +[cb,db]=voltdivider(z2,z3,z2o,z3o) //z2xz3 +[cc,dd]=polar2rect(c,d) //function of conversion +[ce,de]=polar2rect(ca,da) //function of conversion +[cf,df]=polar2rect(cb,db) //function of conversion +[cg,dg]=addition1(cc,ce,cf,dd,de,df) //function of addition +[ci,di]=rect2polar(cg,dg) //function of conversion +[ch,dh]=division(ad,ci,bd,di) //function of division +[i,j]=voltdivider(eab,z3,eabo,z3o) //function of multiplication +[ia,ja]=polar2rect(i,j) //function of conversion +[ic,jc]=voltdivider(ebc,z1,ebco,z1o) //function of multiplication +[id,jd]=polar2rect(ic,jc) //function of conversion +[ib,jb]=subtraction1(id,ia,jd,ja) //function of subtraction +[ie,je]=rect2polar(ib,jb) //num +[if,jf]=division(ie,ci,je,di) //function of division + +//Results +printf("Icn = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",ch,dh) +printf("Ibn = %.2f A < %.2f degree \n",if,jf) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.1/EX23_1.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.1/EX23_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..015ed37f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.1/EX23_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +d1=7/16 //from plot +d2=3/4 //from plot + + +//Calculation +d=d1/d2 +c=10**d +value=(10**2)*c + +//Results +printf("Value = %.1f \n",value) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.10/EX23_10.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.10/EX23_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8dd4deab6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.10/EX23_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1=1000 //resistance in ohm +c1=0.1*10**-6 //capacitance in farad + + + +//Calculation +f1=1/(2*3.14*r1*c1) //cutoff frequency in hertz + +//for magnitude plot +f = 100:10:10*f1; +av = (1+(f1./f).^2).^(-1/2); //-10*log10 +av1 = -20*log10(f1/f1); +f2 = f1/10; +av2 = -20*log10(f1/f2); +f3 = f1/2; +av3 = -20*log10(f1/f3); +f4 = f1; +av4 = -20*log10(f1/f4); +x = [f2 f3 f4 f1]; +y = [av2 av3 av4 av1]; +scf(1) +gainplot(f,av); +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Av'; +a.title.text = 'Magnitude Plot'; +plot2d(x,y); + +//for phase plot +f01 = 10:10:10*f1; +teta = atand(f1./f) +f11=f1 +teta1 = atand(f1./f11) +f12=f1/10 +teta2 = atand(f1./f12) +f13=f1*10 +teta3 = atand(f1./f13) +x1 = [f11 f12 f13 ]; +y1 = [teta1 teta2 teta3]; +scf(2) +phaseplot(f,av,teta) +b = gca(); +b.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +b.y_label.text = 'Av'; +b.title.text = 'Phase Plot'; +plot2d(x1,y1) + +f5=1000 //frequency in hertz +av3 = 20*log10(1/sqrt((((f1/f5)**2)+1))); //gain + + +//Results +printf('(a) fc = %.2f Hz \n',f1) +printf(' Magnitude plot shown in window 1 \n') +printf('(b) |AvdB| = %.2f dB \n',av3) +printf('(c) Phase plot shown in window 2') + diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.11/EX23_11.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.11/EX23_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cf9c71af1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.11/EX23_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1=9100 //resistance in ohm +c1=0.47*10**-6 //capacitance in farad +r2=1000 //resistance in ohm + + +//Calculation +r12=(r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //parallel resistance in ohm +f1=1/(2*3.14*r1*c1) // frequency in hertz +fc=1/(2*3.14*r12*c1) // frequency in hertz +al=-20*log10((r1+r2)/r2) //maximum low-level attentuation + +teta1=-(atand(f1/f1))+(atand(fc/f1)) //in degrees +teta2=-(atand(f1/fc))+(atand(fc/fc)) //in degrees +teta3=-(atand(f1/120))+(atand(fc/120)) //in degrees + +//for magnitude plot +f = 1:10:8*fc; +av=((1+((f1./f).^2))./(1+((fc./f).^2))).^(1/2) //-10*log10 +f2 = f1 +av2=10*log10((1+((f1./f2).^2))./(1+((fc./f2).^2))) +f3 = fc +av3=10*log10((1+((f1./f3).^2))./(1+((fc./f3).^2))) +x = [f2 f3]; +y = [av2 av3]; +scf(1) +gainplot(f,av); +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Av'; +a.title.text = 'AcdB versus frequency for the filter'; +plot2d(x,y); +plot(f2,av2,'*'); +plot(f3,av3,'*'); + +//for phase plot +teta=-(atand(f1./f))+(atand(fc./f)) +scf(2) +plot2d('ln',f,teta) +plot(f1,teta1,'*') +plot(fc,teta2,'*') +plot(120,teta3,'*') +xtitle('phase vs frequency for the filter') +xlabel('frequency') +ylabel('phase in degree') + + +//Results +printf('(a) f1 = %.1f Hz \n',f1) +printf(' fc = %.2f Hz \n',fc) +printf('(b) At f1 = 32.2 Hz, teta = %.2f degree \n',teta1) +printf(' At fc = 376.26 Hz, teta = %.2f degree \n',teta2) +printf(' At frequency midway between fc and f1, like 120 Hz, teta = %.2f degree \n',teta3) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.12/EX23_12.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.12/EX23_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08fbec003 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.12/EX23_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.12 +clc +f1=50 //frequency in hertz +f2=200 //frequency in hertz +f3=10000 //frequency in hertz +f4=20000 //frequency in hertz +f8=8500 //frequency in hertz +f9=1000 //frequency in hertz + +//Calculations +AvdB1=-20*log10(sqrt((1+(f1/f3)^2)*(1+((f2/f3)^2))*(1+(f3/f3)^2)*(1+((f3/f4)^2)))) //in dB +AvdB2=-20*log10(sqrt((1+(f8/f3)^2)*(1+((f8/f4)^2)))) //in dB +BW=f8-f2 //in hertz +AvdB3=-20*log10(sqrt((1+(f1/f9)^2)*(1+((f2/f9)^2)))) //in dB + +//phase plot +f = 10:100:200000; +teta=(atand(f1./f))+(atand(f2./f))-(atand(f./f3))-(atand(f./f4)) +scf(1) +plot2d('ln',f,teta) +xgrid(1) +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Phase'; +a.title.text = 'Phase response'; + +//for magnitude plot +av = -((1+(f1./f)^2).*(1+((f2./f).^2)))^(-1/2); +av1 = -20*log10(f1/f1); +f12 = f1/10; +av2 = -20*log10(f1/f12); +f13 = f1/4; +av3 = -20*log10(f1/f13); +f14 = f1/2; +av4 = -20*log10(f1/f14); + +x = [f12 f13 f14 f1]; +y = [av2 av3 av4 av1]; +scf(2) +gainplot(f,av); +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Av'; +a.title.text = 'Bode'; +plot2d(x,y); + +f1=f2 +av1 = -20*log10(f1/f1); +f12 = f1/10; +av2 = -20*log10(f1/f12); +f13 = f1/4; +av3 = -20*log10(f1/f13); +f14 = f1/2; +av4 = -20*log10(f1/f14); + +x = [f12 f13 f14 f1]; +y = [av2 av3 av4 av1]; + +gainplot(f,av); +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Av'; +a.title.text = 'Bode'; +plot2d(x,y); + + + + +av = -((1+(f./f3)^2).*(1+((f./f4).^2)))^(-1/2); + +gainplot(f,av); +a = gca(); +a.y_location = 'left'; +a.x_location = 'top'; +a.x_label.text = 'frequency'; +a.y_label.text = 'Av'; +a.title.text = 'Bode'; +plot2d(x,y); + + +f1 = f3; +f = 0.1*f1:100:10*f1; +av = (1+(f/f1)^2)^(-1/2); +av1 = -20*log10(f1/f1); +f2 = f1*10; +av2 = -20*log10(f2/f1); +f3 = f1*4; +av3 = -20*log10(f3/f1); +f4 = f1*2; +av4 = -20*log10(f4/f1); + +x = [f1 f4 f3 f2]; +y = [av1 av4 av3 av2]; +plot2d(x,y); + +f1 = f4; +f = 0.1*f1:100:10*f1; +av = (1+(f/f1)^2)^(-1/2); +av1 = -20*log10(f1/f1); +f2 = f1*10; +av2 = -20*log10(f2/f1); +f3 = f1*4; +av3 = -20*log10(f3/f1); +f4 = f1*2; +av4 = -20*log10(f4/f1); + +x = [f1 f4 f3 f2]; +y = [av1 av4 av3 av2]; +plot2d(x,y); + + +printf('for 10kHz,\n') +printf('AvdB = %.1f dB \n',AvdB1) +printf('for 8.5kHz, \n') +printf('AvdB = %.1f dB \n',AvdB2) +printf('BW = %.1f kHz \n',BW/1000) +printf('for midrange of bandwidth 1kHz, \n') +printf('AvdB = %.1f dB \n',AvdB3) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.2/EX23_2.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.2/EX23_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc30f4a4f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.2/EX23_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1=0.004 +a2=250000 +a31=0.08 +a32=240 +a41=10**4 +a42=10**-4 +a5=10**4 + + +//Calculation +a=log10(a1) +b=log10(a2) +c=log10(a31)+log10(a32) +d=log10(a41)-log10(a42) +e=log10(a5) + +//Results +printf("(a) %.3f \n",a) +printf("(b) %.3f \n",b) +printf("(c) %.3f \n",c) +printf("(d) %.1f \n",d) +printf("(e) %d \n",e) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.3/EX23_3.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.3/EX23_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2202cc93e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.3/EX23_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vo=1.2 //output voltage in V +vi=2*10**-3 //input voltage in mV + + +//Calculation +dbv=20*log10(vo/vi) //dB gain + +//Results +printf("dBv = %.2f dB\n",dbv) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.4/EX23_4.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.4/EX23_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..27434c686 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.4/EX23_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vo=6.8 //output voltage in V +db=36 //dB gain + + +//Calculation +vi=vo/(10**(db/20)) //input voltage + +//Results +printf("Vi = %.2f mV\n",vi*10**3) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.5/EX23_5.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.5/EX23_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a5e9a039f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.5/EX23_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1=1000 //resistance in ohm +c1=500*10**-12 //capacitance in farad +f1=100000 //frequency in hertz +f2=1*10**6 //frequency in hertz +vi=20 //input voltage + +//Calculation +fc=1/(2*3.14*r1*c1) //cutoff frequency in hertz +xc=1/(2*3.14*c1*fc) //impedance in ohm +xc1=1/(2*3.14*c1*f1) //impedance in ohm +xc2=1/(2*3.14*c1*f2) //impedance in ohm +vo1=vi/sqrt(((r1/xc1)**2)+1) //output voltage +vo2=vi/sqrt(((r1/xc2)**2)+1) //output voltage +voc=vi/sqrt(((r1/xc)**2)+1) //output voltage + +//graph +//for frequency response +x= 0.1*fc : 10000 : fc*20 +xc11=(2*3.14*c1*x).^-1 +vo=vi./sqrt(((r1./xc11)**2)+1) +plot2d('ln',x,vo) +plot(f1,vo1,'*') +plot(f2,vo2,'*') +plot(fc,voc,'*') +xtitle('Frequency response for the low-pass R-C network') +xlabel('f'); +ylabel('Vo'); + +//for normalized plot +scf(2) +plot2d('ln',x,vo/vi) +plot(f1,vo1/vi,'*') +plot(f2,vo2/vi,'*') +plot(fc,voc/vi,'*') +xtitle('Normalized plot for the low-pass R-C network') +xlabel('f'); +ylabel('Av'); + +//Results +printf('(a) fc = %.2f kHz \n',fc) +printf('(b) At f = 100 kHz, Vo = %.2f V \n',vo1) +printf(' At f = 1 MHz, Vo = %.1f V \n',vo2) +printf("Vi = %.2f mV\n",vi*10**3) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.6/EX23_6.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.6/EX23_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..678aa87cf --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.6/EX23_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1=20000 //resistance in ohm +c1=1200*10**-12 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +fc=1/(2*3.14*r1*c1) //cutoff frequency in hertz +f=fc/2 //frequency in hertz +xc=1/(2*3.14*c1*f) //capacitive reactancce in ohms +av=1/sqrt(1+((xc/r1)**2)) //voltage gain +teta=atand(xc/r1) //phase in degree + +//graph +x= 0 : 500 : fc*3 +xc1=(2*3.14*c1*x).^-1 +av1=r1./sqrt((r1**2)+(xc1**2)) //normalised gain +av2=xc1./sqrt((r1**2)+(xc1**2)) //normalised gain + +teta1=atand(xc1/r1) //phase plot +teta2=atand(r1*xc1**-1) //phase plot +scf(1) +plot2d(x,av1) +xtitle('Normalised Plot - High Pass') +xlabel('f (log scale)') +ylabel('Av') + +scf(2) +plot2d(x,av2) +xtitle('Normalised Plot - Low Pass') +xlabel('f (log scale)') +ylabel('Av') + + +scf(3) +plot2d(x,teta1) +xtitle('Phase Plot - High Pass') +xlabel('f (log scale)') +ylabel('teta') + +scf(4) +plot2d(x,teta2) +xtitle('Phase Plot - Low Pass') +xlabel('f (log scale)') +ylabel('teta') + +clc +//Results +printf('(a) fc = %.2f Hz \n',fc) +printf("Av = Vo / Vi = %.4f < %.2f degree",av,teta) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.7/EX23_7.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.7/EX23_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3f83a9546 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.7/EX23_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1=1000 //resistance in ohm +c1=1.5*10**-9 //capacitance in farad +r2=40000 //resistance in ohm +c2=4*10**-12 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +fc1=1/(2*3.14*r1*c1) //cutoff frequency in hertz +fc2=1/(2*3.14*r2*c2) //cutoff frequency in hertz + + + +//graph +x1= 0 : 1000 : fc1*200 +x2= 0 : 1000 : fc2*1000 +xc1=(2*3.14*c1*x1).^-1 //impedance in ohm +xc2=(2*3.14*c2*x2).^-1 //impedance in ohm +av1=r1./sqrt((r1**2)+(xc1**2)) //normalised gain +av2=xc2./sqrt((r2**2)+(xc2**2)) //normalised gain + + +scf(1) +//plot2d('ln',[x1 x2],[av1 av2]) +plot2d('ln',x1,av1) +xtitle('Normalised Plot - High Pass') +xlabel('f') +ylabel('Vo') + +scf(2) +plot2d('ln',x2,av2) +xtitle('Normalised Plot - Low Pass') +xlabel('f') +ylabel('Vo') + + +clc +//Results +printf('(a) High Pass filter, fc = %.1f kHz \n',fc1/1000) +printf(' Low Pass filter, fc = %.1f kHz \n',fc2/1000) +printf("(c) Av = Vo / Vi = %.4f < %.2f degree",av,teta) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.8/EX23_8.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.8/EX23_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b7807a7eb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.8/EX23_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l1=1*10**-3 //inductance in henry +c1=0.01*10**-6 //capacitance in farad +r1=33 //resistance in ohm +r2=2 //resistance in ohm +vi=20*10**-3 //input voltage + +//Calculation +fs=1/(2*3.14*sqrt(l1*c1)) //frequency in hertz +xl=2*3.14*fs*l1 //inductive reactance +qs=xl/(r1+r2) //Q factor +bw=fs/qs //bandwidth in hertz +vomax=(r1*vi)/(r1+r2) //max voltage +vo=0.707*vi*(r1/(r1+r2)) //voltage + + +//Insufficient data on textbook problem to plot graph +//graph +x=0:1000:fs*2 +//ztp1=(((2*3.14*x*l1)/(r1+r2))**2)*r2 +xl=2*3.14*x*l1 +xc=1/(2*3.14*x*c1) +zs=sqrt((r2**2)+(xl-xc')**2) +vo1=(zs*vi)./(zs+r1) +plot2d(x,vo1) +xtitle('Passband response') +xlabel('f') +ylabel('Vo') + + +//Results +clc +printf('(a) fs = %.1f Hz \n',fs) +printf('Qs = %.2f \n',qs) +printf('BW = %.2f kHz \n',bw/1000) +printf('Vomax = %.2f mV \n', vomax*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH23/EX23.9/EX23_9.sce b/3883/CH23/EX23.9/EX23_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..83d031c64 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH23/EX23.9/EX23_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 23, Example 23.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +c=500*10**-12 //capacitance in farad +f1=200*10**3 //frequency in hertz +f2=600*10**3 //frequency in hertz + + +//Calculation +l1=1/(4*(%pi**2)*(f2**2)*c) //inductance in henry +xls=2*%pi*f1*l1 //inductive reactance in ohms +xc=1/(2*%pi*f1*c) //capacitive reactance in ohms +j=xc-xls //for series elements +lp=j/(2*%pi*f1) //inductance in henry + +//Results +printf("Ls = %.1f uH\n",l1*10**6) +printf("Lp = %.2f mH",lp*10**3) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.1/EX24_1.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.1/EX24_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f274cd265 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.1/EX24_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.1 +clc +//Initialisation +t1=12 //time period in ms +t2=7 //time period in ms +v1=8 //voltage +v2=4 //voltage +v3=12 //voltage +v4=11 //voltage +vb=-4 //voltage from graph + +//Calculation +tp=t1-t2 //time period in ms +vmax=v1+v2 //maximum amplitude voltage +v=(v3+v4)/2 //voltage +vp=((v3-v4)/v)*100 //tilt in percent + +//Result +printf("(a) Positive-going \n") //from graph +printf("(b) Vb = %d V\n",vb) +printf("(c) tp = %d ms \n",tp) +printf("(d) Vmax = %d V \n",vmax) +printf("(e) V (tilt in percentage) = %.3f percent",vp) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.10/EX24_10.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.10/EX24_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5e7b12417 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.10/EX24_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.10 +clc +//Initialisation +f=1000 //frequency in hertz +r=5*10**3 //resistance in ohm +c=0.01*10**-6 //capacitance in farad +vi=0 //for charging phasse, voltage +vf=10 //voltage in mV +vi2=10 //for discharging phasse, voltage in mV +vf2=0 //voltage +t1=0 //for charging phase for ic +vr=vf + + +//Calculation +t=1/f //time period in sec +tp=t/2 //phase time in sec +tau=r*c //time constant in sec +irmax=vr/r //current in milliampere + +//Result +printf("(a) tp = %.1f ms \n",tp*10**3) +printf("tau = %.2f ms \n",tau*10**3) +printf("Therefore, tp = 10*tau = T/2 \n") +printf("(b)for charging phase, Vc = %d mV(1 - e^(-t/%.2f ms)) \n",vf,tau*1000) +printf(" for discharging phase, Vc = %d mV(e^(-t/%.2f ms)) \n",vf,tau*1000) +printf("(c) Irmax = %.2f uA e^(-t/%.f ms)",irmax*10**3,tau*1000) + + +//Graph +x1=0:(0.1*10**-3):(t) +x2=tp:(0.1*10**-3):(t) +x3=0:(0.1*10**-3):(tp) +x4=tp:(0.1*10**-3):(t) +vc=vf+(vi-vf)*(exp(-x1/tau)) //for Vc - Charging phase +vc2=vf2+(vi2-vf2)*exp(-x2/tau) //for Vc - Discharging phase +ic=irmax*exp(-x3/tau) //for Ic - Charging phase +ic2=-irmax*(exp(-x3/tau)) //for Ic - Discharging phase +subplot(221) +plot(x1,vc) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("Vc(V)") +xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Charging Phase") +subplot(222) +plot(x2,vc2) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("Vc (V)") +xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") +subplot(223) +plot(x3,ic) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Charging Phase") +subplot(224) +plot(x4,ic2) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.11/EX24_11.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.11/EX24_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ff415b25a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.11/EX24_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.11 +clc +//Initialisation +f=10*10**3 //frequency in hertz +r=5*10**3 //resistance in ohm +c=0.01*10**-6 //capacitance in farad +vi=0 //for charging phasse, voltage +vf=10 //voltage in mV +vf2=0 //voltage +t1=0 //for charging phase for ic +vr=vf + + +//Calculation +t=1/f //time period in sec +tp=t/2 //phase time in sec +tau=r*c //time constant in sec +irmax=vr/r //current in milliampere + +//first interval + vc1=vf+(vi-vf)*(exp(-tau/tau)) //in voltage + vi1=vc1 //in voltage + vc2=vc1*exp(-tau/tau) //in voltage + irmax2=(vi-vc1)/r //in milliamp + + //for graph + x1=0:(0.01*10**-3):(tp) + x2=0:(0.01*10**-3):(tp) + vcc=vf+((vi-vf)*(exp(-x1/tau))) //for vc - Charging phase + vcd=vc1*(exp(-x2/tau)) //for vc - Discharging phase + + icc=(irmax*10**-3)*exp(-x1/tau) //for Ic - Charging phase + icd=(irmax2*10**-3)*(exp(-x2/tau)) //for Ic - Discharging phase + scf(1) + subplot(221) + plot(x1,vcc) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("Vc(V)") + xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Charging Phase") + subplot(222) + plot(x2,vcd) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("Vc (V)") + xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") + subplot(223) + plot(x1,icc) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("ic (mA)") + xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Charging Phase") + subplot(224) + plot(x2,icd) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("ic (mA)") + xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") + +//second interval + vc1=vf+(vc2-vf)*(exp(-tau/tau)) //in voltage + vi1=vc1 //in voltage + vc2=vc1*exp(-tau/tau) //in voltage + irmax2=(vi-vc1)/r //in milliamp + x1=0:(0.01*10**-3):(tp) + x2=0:(0.01*10**-3):(tp) + vcc2=vf+((vc2-vf)*(exp(-x1/tau))) //for vc - Charging phase + vcd2=vc1*(exp(-x2/tau)) //for vc - Discharging phase + icc=(irmax*10**-3)*exp(-x1/tau) //for Ic - Charging phase + icd=(irmax2*10**-3)*(exp(-x2/tau)) //for Ic - Discharging phase + scf(2) + subplot(221) + plot(x1,vcc2) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("Vc(V)") + xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Charging Phase") + subplot(222) + plot(x2,vcd2) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("Vc (V)") + xtitle("Vc for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") + subplot(223) + plot(x1,icc) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("ic (mA)") + xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Charging Phase") + subplot(224) + plot(x2,icd) + xlabel("t(s)") + ylabel("ic (mA)") + xtitle("Ic for the R-C network - Discharging Phase") + diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.2/EX24_2.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.2/EX24_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..70664c13d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.2/EX24_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.2 +clc +//Initialisation +vb=0 //voltage from graph +tilt=0 //from graph +div=4 //amplitude in div +perdiv=10 //mV per div +div1=3.2 //division +perdiv1=5 //microsec per div +div2=0.4 //division +div3=0.8 //division + + + +//Calculation +amp=div*perdiv //amplitude +tp=div1*perdiv1 //from graph 24.9 +tr=div2*perdiv1 //from graph 24.9 +tf=div3*perdiv1 //from graph 24.9 + +//Result +printf("(a) Positive-going \n") //from graph +printf("(b) Vb = %d V\n",vb) +printf("(c) tilt = %d percent \n",tilt) +printf("(d) amplitude = %d mV \n",amp) +printf("(e) tp = %d us \n",tp) +printf("(f) tr = %d us \n",tr) +printf(" tf = %d us \n",tf) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.3/EX24_3.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.3/EX24_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e05ae1ec7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.3/EX24_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.3 +clc +//Initialisation +t1=15 //timeperiod in microsec +t2=6 //timeperiod in microsec +t3=8 //timeperiod in microsec + + +//Calculation +T=t1-t2 //timeperiod in microsec +prf=1/T //frequency +tp=t3-t2 //timeperiod in microsec +duty=(tp/T)*100 //duty cycle + +//Result +printf("(a) Pulse repition Frequency, prf = %.2f kHz \n",prf*1000) +printf("(b) Duty Cycle = %.2f percent \n",duty) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.4/EX24_4.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.4/EX24_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b1b7857d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.4/EX24_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.4 +clc +//Initialisation +div1=3.2 //no of division +ms=1 //ms per divisions +div2=0.8 //no of division + + +//Calculation +T=div1*ms //timeperiod in microsec +tp=div2*ms //frequency +prf=1/T //timeperiod in microsec +duty=(tp/T)*100 //duty cycle + +//Result +printf("(a) Pulse repition Frequency, prf = %.2f Hz \n",prf*1000) +printf("(b) Duty Cycle = %.2f percent \n",duty) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.5/EX24_5.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.5/EX24_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..649bc471e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.5/EX24_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.5 +clc +//Initialisation +div1=2.6 //no of division +ms=10 //microsec per divisions +div2=0.2 //no of division + + + +//Calculation +T=div1*ms //timeperiod in microsec +tp=div2*ms //frequency +prf=1/T //timeperiod in microsec +duty=(tp/T)*100 //duty cycle + +//Result +printf("(a) Pulse repition Frequency, prf = %d Hz \n",prf*10**6) +printf("(b) Duty Cycle = %.2f percent \n",duty) diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.6/EX24_6.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.6/EX24_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c2350e88f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.6/EX24_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.6 +clc +//Initialisation +t1=12*10**-6 //time period in ms +t2=2*10**-6 //time period in ms +v1=8*10**-3 //voltage +v2=4*10**-6 //voltage +v3=2*10**-3 //voltage +v4=6*10**-6 //voltage + + + + +//Calculation +T=t1-t2 //timeperiod in microsec +g=((v1*v2)+(v3*v4))/T //Average Value in Volts + +//Result +printf("Average Value, G = %.1f mV \n",g*10**3) + diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.7/EX24_7.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.7/EX24_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d56805a2f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.7/EX24_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.7 +clc +//Initialisation +duty = 0.28 //duty cycle +Vp = 7 //peak value +Vb = -3 //base-line voltage +t1=0.28 //time period +t2=0.72 //time period + + + +//Calculation +Vav = (duty*Vp)+((1-duty)*Vb) //Average Value in Volts +g=(Vp*t1)+(Vb*t2) //Average Value in Volts + +//Result +printf("(a) Average Value, Vav = %.1f V \n",Vav) +printf("(c) G = %.1f V \n",g) + diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.8/EX24_8.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.8/EX24_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5eb492f7c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.8/EX24_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.8 +clc +//Initialisation +vi=2 //voltage in mV +e=8 //voltage in mV +r=100*10**3 //resistance in ohm +c=10**-6 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +tau=r*c //time constant +vr=e-vi //voltage +irm=vr/r //current in amperes + +//Result +printf("(a) Vc = %d V %d V e^(-t/%.f ms) \n",e,(vi-e),tau*1000) +printf("(b) Irmax = %.2f mA e^(-t/%.f ms)",irm*1000,tau*1000) + + +//Graph +x1=0:0.1:0.8 +vc=e+(vi-e)*exp(-x1/tau) +ic=irm*exp(-x1/tau) +scf(221) +plot(x1,vc) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("vc(V)") +xtitle("Vc for the network of Fig. 24.20.") +scf(222) +plot(x1,ic) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("ic (mA)") +xtitle("ic for the network of Fig. 24.20.") diff --git a/3883/CH24/EX24.9/EX24_9.sce b/3883/CH24/EX24.9/EX24_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b714445e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH24/EX24.9/EX24_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 24, Example 24.9 +clc +//Initialisation +vi=-4 //voltage in mV +vf=10 //voltage in mV +r=1*10**3 //resistance in ohm +c=0.01*10**-6 //capacitance in farad + + +//Calculation +tau=r*c //time constant +t=-tau*log(vf/(vf-vi)) //time in seconds + +//Result +printf("Vc = %d mV %d mV e^(-t/%.f ms) \n",vf,(vi-vf),tau*10**6) +printf("t = %.2f us",(t*10**6)) + +//Graph +x1=0:(10**-6):(80*10**-6) +vc=vf+(vi-vf)*exp(-x1/tau) +plot(x1,vc) +xlabel("t(s)") +ylabel("vc(V)") +xtitle("Vc for the network of Fig. 24.22.") diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.2/EX25_2.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.2/EX25_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e480ff10 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.2/EX25_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.2 +clc +//Initialisation +A0=20 +A10=0 +A11=5*10**-3 +A12=0 +A13=0 +A20=8 +A21=0 +B1=12 +B2=0 + +//Calculation +v=A0 //from graph 25.12 +i=A10+A11+A12+A13 //fourier series +v2=A20+A21 //fourier series +B=B1+B2 //fourier series + +//Result +printf("(a) v = %d \n",v) +printf("(b) i = %d X 10^-3 sin wt \n",i*10**3) +printf("(c) v = %d + %d cos wt",v2,B) diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.3/EX25_3.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.3/EX25_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..755d5ea48 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.3/EX25_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.3 +clc +//Initialisation +funcprot(); +//Polar to Rectangle Conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//Accordng to phasor algebra +a1=2 +[r1,i1]=polar2rect(1,90) +[r2,i2]=polar2rect(2,0) + +//Calculation +ar1=r1+r2 +ai1=i1+i2 +[ar2,ath2] = rect2polar(ar1,ai1) +x = 0 : 0.1 : 10 +y = a1 + (ar2*sin(x+ath2*3.14/180)) + + +//Result +plot(x, y) +xlabel("a = wt"); +ylabel("V"); +title('v = 2 + 1 cos a + 2 sin a'); diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.4/EX25_4.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.4/EX25_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ebc9d87f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.4/EX25_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.4 +clc +//Initialisation +funcprot(); +//Polar to Rectangle Conversion +function [r,i]= polar2rect(x,y) + r=x*cosd(y) + i=x*sind(y) +endfunction + +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +//Accordng to phasor algebra +[r1,i1]=polar2rect(1,0) +[r2,i2]=polar2rect(1,0) + +//Calculation +ar1=r1+r2 +ai1=i1+i2 +[ar2,ath2] = rect2polar(ar1,ai1) +x = 0 : 0.1 : 10 +y = ar2*sin(x+ath2*3.14/180) + + +//Result +plot(x, y) +xlabel("a = wt"); +ylabel("V"); +title('v = 2 + 1 cos a + 2 sin a'); diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.5/EX25_5.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.5/EX25_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f10c9061 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.5/EX25_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.5 +clc +//Initialisation +v=4 //in voltage +v2=6 //in voltage + +//Calculation +x = 0 : 0.1 : 10 +y = v + v2*sin(x) +vrmax=sqrt((v**2)+(v2**2)/2) + +//Result +plot(x, y) +xlabel("wt"); +ylabel("V"); +title('v = 4 + 6 sin wt'); +printf("(b) Vrmax = %.3f V",vrmax) diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.6/EX25_6.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.6/EX25_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e7c5756d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.6/EX25_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.6 +clc +//Initialisation +v=20 //in voltage + +//Calculation +v0=(4/%pi)*v +v1=v0 +v2=(v0/3) +v3=(v0/5) +v4=(v0/7) +v5=(v0/9) +v6=(v0/11) +vrms=sqrt(((v1**2)+(v2**2)+(v3**2)+(v4**2)+(v5**2)+(v6**2))/2) + +//Result +printf("(b) Vrmax = %.3f V",vrms) diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.7/EX25_7.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.7/EX25_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c69aaf5fb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.7/EX25_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.7 +clc +//Initialisation +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +i1=0 +R=3 +vc=12 +C=(1/8) +E=10/sqrt(2) + +//Calculation +vr=i1*R +xc=1/(2*C) + +z=complex(R,xc) +[r1,th1]=rect2polar(real(z),-imag(z)) +i2=E/r1 +vr2=i2*R +vc1=i2*xc +vca=-th1-90 + +irms = sqrt((i2**2)) +vrms = sqrt((vr2**2)) +vcrms = sqrt((vc**2)+(vc1**2)) + +P=(irms**2)*R +//Result +printf("(a) 1. VR = %d V \t\n \tI = %d \t\n\tVc = %d V\t\n",vr,i1,vc) +printf(" 2. for AC supply \n") +printf(" i = %.2f A < %.2f \n",i2,-th1) +printf(" Vr = %.2f A < %.2f \n",vr2,-th1) +printf(" Vc = %.2f A < %.2f \n",vc1,vca) +printf("(b) Irms = %.3f A \n\tVrms = %.3f V \n\tVcrms = %.3f V\t\n",irms,vrms,vcrms) +printf("(c) P = %d W \n",P) diff --git a/3883/CH25/EX25.8/EX25_8.sce b/3883/CH25/EX25.8/EX25_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..81688ae6f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH25/EX25.8/EX25_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +//Chapter 25, Example 25.8 +clc +//Initialisation +//Rectangle to Polar Conversion +function [r,th] = rect2polar(x,y) + r=sqrt((x**2)+(y**2)) + th=atand(y/x) +endfunction + +xl=0 +R=6 +e0=63.6 +w=377 +L=0.1 +e1=70.71 +e2=29.98 +e2a=-90 +w2=754 + +//Calculation +zt=R +i0=e0/R +vr0=i0*R +vl0=0 +p0=(i0**2)*R + +xl1=w*L +zt1=complex(R,xl1) +[zt1r,zt1a]=rect2polar(real(zt1),imag(zt1)) +i1=e1/zt1r +vr1=i1*R +vl1=i1*xl1 +vl1a=90-zt1a +p1=(i1**2)*R + + +xl2=w2*L +zt2=complex(R,xl2) +[zt2r,zt2a]=rect2polar(real(zt2),imag(zt2)) +i2=e2/zt2r +i2a=e2a-zt2a +vr2=i2*R +vl2=i2*xl2 +vl2a=90+i2a +p2=(i2**2)*R +Irms=sqrt((i0**2)+(i1**2)+(i2**2)) +VRms=sqrt((e0**2)+(vr1**2)+(vr2**2)) +Vlrms=sqrt((vl1**2)+(vl2**2)) +//Result +printf("The Fourier series expansion for i is \n") +printf("i = %.1f + sqrt(2)(%.2f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) + sqrt(2)(%.3f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) \n",i0,i1,w,zt1a,i2,w2,-i2a) +printf("Irms = %.2f A \n\n",Irms) +printf("The Fourier series expansion for VR is \n") +printf("Vr = %.1f + sqrt(2)(%.2f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) + sqrt(2)(%.3f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) \n",e0,vr1,w,zt1a,vr2,w2,-i2a) +printf("Vrms = %.2f V \n\n",VRms) +printf("The Fourier series expansion for VL is \n") +printf("VL = sqrt(2)(%.2f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) + sqrt(2)(%.3f)sin(%d*t - %.2f) \n",vl1,w,vl1a,vl2,w2,-vl2a) +printf("Vlrms = %.2f V \n\n",Vlrms) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.1/EX26_1.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.1/EX26_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e7527bb0c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.1/EX26_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.1, page 1153 +clc +//Initialisation +eg=100*10**-3 //in Volt +ei=96*10**-3 //in Volt +rz=100 //in Ohms + +//Calculation +vr=eg-ei //in Volt +i=vr/rz //in Ampere +zi=ei/i //in Ohms + +//Result +printf("Input Impedance, Zi = %.1f kOhm",zi/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.11/EX26_11.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.11/EX26_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4cd334b58 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.11/EX26_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.11, page 1177 +clc +//Initialisation +hf=50 //short circuit current gain +ho=25*10**-6 //Output Admittance with input open circuited +zl=2*10**3 //load impedance +hi=1*10**3 //input impedance with output shorted +hr=4*10**-4 //reverse voltage amplification with input open circuited + +//Calculation +Ai=hf/(1+(ho*zl)) //current gain +Av=-hf*zl/((hi*(1+(ho*zl)))-(hr*hf*zl)) //voltage gain + +//Result +printf("Current gain, Ai = %.2f \n",Ai) +printf("Voltage gain, Av = %ds \n",Av) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX12_12.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX12_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f7d5aef86 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX12_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 12, Example 12.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 3 //resistance1 +l = 6*10^-3 //inductance in mH +e = 15 //voltage in volts +r2 = 2 //resistance2 +//Calculation +im = e/(r1+r2) //inductance current +ws = (l*im*im)/2 //energy stored + +//Results +printf("Ws = %d mJ",ws*10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX26_12.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX26_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bfc446b42 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.12/EX26_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.12, page 1179 +clc +//Initialisation +hf=50 //short circuit current gain +h1=0.04*10**3 //hr x hf x Zl +h2=1.050 //ho x Zl +hi=1*10**3 //input impedance with output shorted +hr=4*10**-4 //reverse voltage amplification with input open circuited +ho=25*10**-6 //Output Admittance with input open circuited +rz=1*10**3 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +zi=hi-(h1/h2) //Input Impedance +zo=1/(ho-((hr*hf)/(hi+rz))) //Output Impedance + +//Result +printf("Input Impedance, Zi = %.1f ohm \n",zi) +printf("Output Impedance, Zo = %.2f kohm \n",zo/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.2/EX26_2.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.2/EX26_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5b34c8e4f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.2/EX26_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.2, page 1154 +clc +//Initialisation +eg=2 //in Volt +eo=1.92 //in Volt +rz=2*10**3 //in Ohms + +//Calculation +vr=eg-eo //in Volt +i=vr/rz //in Ampere +zo=eo/i //in Ohms + +//Result +printf("Output Impedance, Zi = %.1f kOhm",zo/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.3/EX26_3.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.3/EX26_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..926f95639 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.3/EX26_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.3, page 1154 +clc +//Initialisation +Vr=2*10**-3 //in Volt +Rz=10 //in Ohms +Ei=50*10**-3 //in Volt +phi1=150 //in degree + +//Calculation + +i=Vr/Rz //in Ampere +zi=Ei/i //Zi in Ohms +phi2=180-phi1 //phase angle between Eg and Vrz +re=zi*cos(phi2*3.14/180) //real number, R +im=zi*sin(phi2*3.14/180) //Imaginary number, Xl + +//Result +printf("Zi = %.2f ohm + j %.1f ohm ",re,im) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.4/EX26_4.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.4/EX26_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a5e67fca3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.4/EX26_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.4, page 1157 +clc +//Initialisation +Eo=-20 //output voltage +Ei=4*10**-3 //input voltage +Rl=2.2*10**3 //load Resistance in Ohm +Ro=50*10**3 //output Resistance in Ohm +Zi=1*1*10**3 //input impedance in Ohm +Rg=1*10**3 //Resistance in Ohm + + +//Calculation +Avn=Eo/Ei //no-load voltage gain +Av=Avn*Rl/(Rl+Ro) //loaded voltage gain +Avr=Av*Zi/(Zi+Rg) //loaded voltage gain +Ro=Rl*((Avn/Av)-1) //Resistance in Ohm + +//Result +printf("(a) Avnl = %d \n",Avn) +printf("(b) Av = %.2f \n",Av) +printf("(c) Avr = %.2f \n",Avr) +printf("(d) Ro = %d kOhm",Ro/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.5/EX26_5.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.5/EX26_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21b38f613 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.5/EX26_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.5, page 1161 +clc +//Initialisation +Rl=4.7*10**3 //load Resistance in Ohm +Ro=40*10**3 //output Resistance in Ohm +Avn=-960 //no-load voltage gain +Ri=2.7*10**3 //input Resistance in Ohm + + + +//Calculation +Av=Avn*Rl/(Rl+Ro) //loaded voltage gain +Ai=(-Avn)*Ri/(Rl+Ro) //voltage gain, Ai +Rl2=2*Rl //Resistance in Ohm +Av2=Avn*Rl2/(Rl2+Ro) //loaded voltage gain +Ai2=(-Avn)*Ri/(Rl2+Ro) //voltage gain, Ai +Air=(-Av)*Ri/Rl //voltage gain, Air +Ag=(Av**2)*Ri/Rl //voltage gain, Ag +Ai2=-Ag/Av //voltage gain, Ai + +//Result +printf("(a) Av = %.2f \n",Av) +printf("(b) Avi = %.2f \n",Ai) +printf("(c) Av = %.2f, Ai = %.2f\n",Av2,Ai2) +printf("(d) Air = %.2f \n",Air) +printf("(e) Ag = %.2f \n",Ag) +printf("(f) Ai = %.2f",Ai2) + + + + + + + + diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.6/EX26_6.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.6/EX26_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..25524328a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.6/EX26_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.6, page 1163 +clc +//Initialisation +Avn1=1 //no-load voltage gain +Avn2=-600 //no-load voltage gain +Avn3=-1200 //no-load voltage gain +Zi1=50*10**3 //input impedance in Ohm +Zi2=1.8*10**3 //input impedance in Ohm +Zi3=1.2*10**3 //input impedance in Ohm +Rl=3.3*10**3 //input impedance in Ohm +Ro=25 //output Resistance in Ohm +Ro2=40*10**3 //output Resistance in Ohm +Ro3=50*10**3 //output Resistance in Ohm + + +//Calculation +Av1=Avn1*Zi2/(Zi2+Ro) //loaded voltage gain +Av2=Avn2*Zi3/(Zi3+Ro2) //loaded voltage gain +Av3=Avn3*Rl/(Rl+Ro3) //loaded voltage gain +Ai=(-Avn1)*Zi1/(Zi2+Ro) //voltage gain, Ai +Ai2=(-Avn2)*Zi2/(Zi3+Ro2) //voltage gain, Ai +Ai3=(-Avn3)*Zi3/(Rl+Ro3) //voltage gain, Ai +Rl2=2*Rl //Resistance in Ohm +Av21=Avn1*Rl2/(Rl2+Ro) //loaded voltage gain +Ai20=(-Avn1)*Zi1/(Zi2+Ro) //voltage gain, Ai +Air=(-Avn1)*Zi1/Rl //voltage gain, Air +Ag=(Avn1**2)*Zi1/Rl //voltage gain, Ag +Ai21=-Ag/Avn1 //voltage gain, Ai +Avt=Av1*Av2*Av3 //voltage gain +Ait=Ai*Ai2*Ai3 //voltage gain +Agt=-Avt*Ait //voltage gain +Av2=Av1*Av2 //voltage gain +Ai22=Ai*Ai2 //voltage gain +Ai23=Av2*Zi1/Zi3 //voltage gain +Ag2=Av2*Ai23 //voltage gain +Ag22=(Av2**2)*(Zi1/Zi3) //voltage gain +Avt2=Avn1*Avn2*Avn3 //voltage gain + + +//Result +printf("(a) Av1 = %.3f, Av2 = %.3f, Av3 = %.3f \n Ai1 = %.3f, Ai2 = %.3f, Ai3 = %.3f \n",Av1,Av2,Av3,Ai,Ai2,Ai3) +printf("(b) Avt = %.2f, Ait = %.2f \n",Avt,Ait) +printf("(c) Agt = %.2f x 10^6 \n",Agt/10**6) +printf("(d) Av2 = %.2f, Ai2 = %.3f \n",Av2,Ai22) +printf("(e) Ai2 = %.2f \n",Ai23) +printf("(f) Ag2 = %.2f \n",Ag2) +printf("(g) Ag2 = %.2f \n",Ag22) +printf("(h) Avt = %.1f x 10^5",Avt2/(10**5)) + + + + + + + + diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.7/EX26_7.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.7/EX26_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ec4cd7ad1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.7/EX26_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.7, page 1166 +clc +funcprot(0); +// A = p2z(R,Theta) - Convert from polar to rectangular form. +// R is a matrix containing the magnitudes +// Theta is a matrix containing the phase angles (in degrees). +function [A] = p2z(R,Theta) + A = R*exp(%i*%pi*Theta/180); +endfunction + +//Initialisation +z1 = p2z(3,0) +z2 = p2z(5,90) +z3 = p2z(4,-90) + + +//Calculation +z11 = z1+z3 +z12 = z3 +z22 = z2+z3 + +//Result +printf("Z11 = %d ohm - j %d ohm \n",real(z11),-imag(z11)) +printf("Z12 = - j %d ohm \n",-imag(z12)) +printf("Z22 = j %d ohm \n",imag(z22)) + + + + + + diff --git a/3883/CH26/EX26.9/EX26_9.sce b/3883/CH26/EX26.9/EX26_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bef778f93 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH26/EX26.9/EX26_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Chapter 26, Example 26.9, page 1171 +clc +funcprot(0); +// A = p2z(R,Theta) - Convert from polar to rectangular form. +// R is a matrix containing the magnitudes +// Theta is a matrix containing the phase angles (in degrees). +function [A] = p2z(R,Theta) + A = R*exp(%i*%pi*Theta/180); +endfunction + +//Initialisation +Y1 = p2z(0.2,0) //admitance +Y2 = p2z(0.02,-90) //admitance +Y3 = p2z(0.25,90) //admitance + + +//Calculation +y11 = Y1+Y2 //admitance +y12 = -Y2 //admitance +y22 = Y2+Y3 //admitance + +//Result +printf("Y11 = %.1f mS - j %.2f mS \n",real(y11),-imag(y11)) +printf("Y12 = j %.2f mS \n",imag(y12)) +printf("Y22 = j %.2f mS \n",imag(y22)) + + + + + + diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.1/EX3_1.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.1/EX3_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0a393e4fb --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.1/EX3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p = 10.37 //in CM.ohm/ft +l = 100 //length in ft +a = 400 //area in CM + +//Calculation +R = p*l/a //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %.2f ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.10/EX3_10.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.10/EX3_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..357911446 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.10/EX3_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r = 30 //copper wire in ohm +t1 = 194.5 //in degree celsius +t2 = 234.5 //in degree celsius + +//Calculation +R = (r*t1)/t2 //in ohm + +//Results + printf("R2 = %.2f ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.11/EX3_11.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.11/EX3_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6b7d8eb01 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.11/EX3_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 120*10^-3 //in milliohm +t1 = 256 //in degree celsius +r2 = 100*10^-3 //in milliohm +t2 = 236 //in degree celsius +//Calculation +T = r1*(t1/r2)-t2 //in degree celsius + +//Results +printf("T2 = %.1f C",T) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.12/EX3_12.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.12/EX3_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..03b69c3e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.12/EX3_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r =1000 //in ohm +p = 2500 +t1 = 60 //in degree celsius +t2 = 20 //in degree celsius +a = 10^6 + +//Calculation +D = (r/a)*p*(t1-t2) +R = r+D //resistance in ohm +//Results +printf("R = %d ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.14/EX3_14.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.14/EX3_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..224ccfa59 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.14/EX3_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a = 0.7 +b = 1.4 + +//Calculation +Gn = a/b + +//Results +printf("Gn = %.1fGi",Gn) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.2/EX3_3.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.2/EX3_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3bc30bc64 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.2/EX3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p = 10.37 //in CM.ohm/ft +l = 3 //length in ft +a = 3.185*10^6 //area in cm + +//Calculation +R = p*l/a //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %.3f x 10^-6 ohm",R*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.3/EX3_3.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.3/EX3_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3bc30bc64 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.3/EX3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p = 10.37 //in CM.ohm/ft +l = 3 //length in ft +a = 3.185*10^6 //area in cm + +//Calculation +R = p*l/a //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %.3f x 10^-6 ohm",R*10^6) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.4/EX3_4.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.4/EX3_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc8dc984a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.4/EX3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 650 //in ft +o = 0.6282 // in ohm +L = 1000 //in ft +//Calculation +R = l*o/L //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %.3f ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.5/EX3_5.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.5/EX3_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ffb5e6642 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.5/EX3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +A = 6529.9 //area in cm + +//Calculation +d = sqrt(6529.9)/1000 //answer in inch + +//Results +printf("d = %.4f in",d) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.6/EX3_6.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.6/EX3_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..349b0fd1e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.6/EX3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p = 10.37 //in CM.ohm/ft +l = 100 //length in ft +r = 0.025 //in ohm + +//Calculation +A = p*l/r //in CM + +//Results +printf("A = %d cm",A) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.7/EX3_7.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.7/EX3_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d11d83890 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.7/EX3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +l = 3048 // in cm +d = 0.032 //in cm +r = 1.723*10^-6 //in ohm.cm +p = 3.14 +r1 = 10.37 //in cm.ohm/ft +l1 = 100 //in ft +a = 159.79 //in cm + +//Calculation +A = (p*d^2)/4 +R = (r*l)/A //resistance in ohm +R1 = (r1*l1)/a //resistance in ohm +//Results +printf("R = %.1f ohm \n",R) +printf("R = %.1f ohm",R1) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.8/EX3_8.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.8/EX3_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e1faf031b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.8/EX3_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r = 100 //sheet resistance in ohm +l = 0.6 //length in cm +w = 0.3 //in cm + +//Calculation +R = (r*l)/w //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %d ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH3/EX3.9/EX3_9.sce b/3883/CH3/EX3.9/EX3_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..df8ff16db --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH3/EX3.9/EX3_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 3, Example 3.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r = 50 //copper wire in ohm +t1 = 334.5 //in degree celsius +t2 = 254.5 //in degree celsius + + +//Calculation +R = (r*t1)/t2 //in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %.2f ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.1/EX4_1.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.1/EX4_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..be0d48d04 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.1/EX4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +E = 9 //battery in volt +R = 2.2 //resistor in ohm + + +//Calculation +I = E/R //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("I = %.2f A",I) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.10/EX4_10.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.10/EX4_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5e563c930 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.10/EX4_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p1 = 1492 //output power +n = 0.75 //efficiency +E = 220 //applied voltage + +//Calculation +Pi = p1/n //inputpower in watt +I = Pi/E //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("Pi = %.2f W \n",Pi) +printf("I = %.2f A",I) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.11/EX4_11.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.11/EX4_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..11a23ffab --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.11/EX4_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n = 0.80 //efficiency +a2 = 120 //in volts +a3 = 8 //in ampere +b1 = 1 //motor in horsepower +b2 = 746 //power in watt +//Calculation +Po = n*a2*a3 //output power +I = Po*(b1/b2) //in horsepower +//Results +printf("H = %.3f hp",I) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.12/EX4_12.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.12/EX4_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..42a6f059b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.12/EX4_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n = 0.85 //efficiency +Wi = 50 //applied energy + +//Calculation +Wo = n*Wi //output energy + +//Results +printf("Wo = %.1f J",Wo) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.13/EX4_13.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.13/EX4_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e11bfe289 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.13/EX4_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n1 = 0.90 //efficiency1 +n2 = 0.85 //efficiency2 +n3 = 0.95 //efficiency3 + +//Calculation +nT = n1*n2*n3 //efficiency in percentage + +//Results +printf("nT = %.1f percentage",nT*100) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.14/EX4_14.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.14/EX4_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f86b97faa --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.14/EX4_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +n1 = 0.40 //efficiency1 +n2 = 0.85 //efficiency2 +n3 = 0.95 //efficiency3 + +//Calculation +nT = n1*n2*n3 //efficiency in percentage + +//Results +printf("nT = %.1f percentage",nT*100) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.15/EX4_15.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.15/EX4_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..07a81d212 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.15/EX4_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +cost = 9 +r1 = 5360*10^3 //in kWh +r2 = 4650*10^3 //pervious reading + +//Calculation +R = r1-r2 //used +M = R*(cost/10^3) //in dollar + +//Results +printf("M = %.2f dollar",M/100) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.16/EX4_16.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.16/EX4_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0e3f9493d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.16/EX4_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +a1 = 60 //bulb in watt +a2 = 24 //hours per day +a3 = 365 //days + +//Calculation +Pt = a1*a2*a3 //power in Wh +W = Pt/1000 //energy in kWh + +//Results +printf("W = %.2f kWh",W) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.17/EX4_17.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.17/EX4_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ed502722b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.17/EX4_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p1 = 4*10^3 //energy in kWh +p2 = 205 //power in watt + +//Calculation +Pt = p1*1000 //power in watt +W = Pt/p2 // in h +//Results +printf("W = %.2f h",W/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.18/EX4_18.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.18/EX4_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14ca5e400 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.18/EX4_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +p1 = 5 //motor in horsepower +p2 = 746 //in W/hp +p3 = 2 //in h +c = 9 //in euro/kWh + +//Calculation +Pt = p1*p2*p3 //power +W = Pt/1000 //in kWh +cost = W*c //unit + +//Results +printf("Cost = %.2f unit",cost) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.19/EX4_19.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.19/EX4_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d53f7eae5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.19/EX4_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +w1 = 1200 //toaster in watt +w2 = 50 //bulbs in watt +w3 = 400 //washing machine in watt +w4 = 4800 //electric clothes in watt +c = 9 //cost in unit/kWh +//Calculation +W = ((w1*0.5)+(6*w2*4)+(w3*0.75)+(w4*0.33))/1000 //energy in kWh +cost = W*c //in euro + +//Results +printf("Cost = %.1f unit",cost) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.2/EX4_2.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.2/EX4_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8cc883581 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.2/EX4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +E = 120 //applied voltage +I = 500*10^-3 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +R = E/I //in ohm + +//Results +printf("R = %d ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.3/EX4_3.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.3/EX4_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6206e6c4b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.3/EX4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +V = 16 //voltage +R = 2*10^3 //in ohm + +//Calculation +I = V/R //in miliampere + +//Results +printf("I = %d mA",I*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.4/EX4_4.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.4/EX4_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1598bebab --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.4/EX4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +I = 1.5 //current in ampere +R = 80 //in ohm + +//Calculation +E = I*R //voltage + +//Results +printf("E = %d V",E) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.5/EX4_5.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.5/EX4_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..154bfaa4f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.5/EX4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +V1 = 6 //in volts +I1 = 3*10^-3 //in miliampere +V2 = 2 //in volts +I2 = 1*10^-3 //in miliampere +//Calculation +Rdc = V1/I1 //in kiloohm +R = V2/I2 //in kiloohm + +//Results +printf("Rdc = %d kohm \n",Rdc/10^3) +printf("R = %d kohm",R/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.6/EX4_6.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.6/EX4_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f580f20e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.6/EX4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +V = 120 //in volts +I = 5 //in ampere + +//Calculation +P = V*I //power in kwatt + +//Results +printf("P = %.1f kW",P/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.7/EX4_7.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.7/EX4_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e826f6d74 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.7/EX4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +I = 4 //in ampere +R = 5 //in ohm + +//Calculation +P = (I*I)*R //power in watt + +//Results +printf("P = %d W",P) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.8/EX4_8.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.8/EX4_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d0de70776 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.8/EX4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +I = 0.625 //in ampere +V = 120 //in volts + + +//Calculation +P = V*I //power in watt +R = V/I //in ohm + +//Results +printf("P = %d W \n",P) +printf("R = %d ohm",R) diff --git a/3883/CH4/EX4.9/EX4_9.sce b/3883/CH4/EX4.9/EX4_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ebdb20269 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH4/EX4.9/EX4_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 4, Example 4.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +P = 20*10^-3 //power in watt +R = 5*10^3 //in ohm + +//Calculation +I = sqrt(P/R) //current in miliampere + +//Results +printf("I = %d mA",I*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.1/EX5_1.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.1/EX5_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..194e9bcfc --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.1/EX5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistance1 +r2 = 1 //resistance2 +r3 = 5 //resistance3 +E = 20 //supply voltage + + + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2+r3 //total resistance +I = E/rt //current +V1 = I*r1 //voltage1 +V2 = I*r2 //voltage2 +V3 = I*r3 //voltage3 +P1 = V1*I //power1 +P2 = I*I*r2 //power2 +P3 = V3*V3/r3 //power3 +Pdel1 = E*I //power delivered by source +Pdel = P1+P2+P3 //Total power +//Results +printf("a. RT = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("b. Is = %.1f A \n",I) +printf("c. V1 = %d V\n",V1) +printf(" V2 = %.1f V \n",V2) +printf(" V3 = %.1f V \n",V3) +printf("d. P1 = %.1f W \n",P1) +printf(" P2 = %.2f W \n",P2) +printf(" P3 = %.2f W \n",P3) +printf("e. Pdel = %d W \n",Pdel1) +printf(" %d W = %d W (checks) \n",Pdel1,Pdel) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.10/EX5_10.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.10/EX5_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..68029e0a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.10/EX5_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 20 //resistor1 +e = 64 //supply voltage +r2 = 60 //resistor2 + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2 //total resistance +v1 = r1*e/rt //voltage1 + +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V",v1) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.11/EX5_11.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.11/EX5_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e200c8002 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.11/EX5_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2000 //resistance1 +r2 = 5000 //resistance2 +r3 = 8000 //resistance3 +e = 45 //supply voltage + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2+r3 //total resistance +v1 = r1*e/rt //voltage1 +v3 = r3*e/rt //voltage3 +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("V2 = %d V",v3) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.12/EX5_12.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.12/EX5_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9ce801a3a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.12/EX5_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2000 //resistance1 +r2 = 5000 //resistance2 +r3 = 8000 //resistance3 +e = 45 //supply voltage + + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2+r3 //Total resistance +r = r1+r2 //resistance of R1 or R2 +v = r*e/rt //volage +//Results +printf("V = %d V",v) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.13/EX5_13.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.13/EX5_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0eb12f363 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.13/EX5_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 20 //supply voltage +i = 4*10^-3 //current +r2 = 1000 //resistance2 + +//Calculation +r1 = 4*r2 //resistance1 + +//Results +printf("R2 = %d Kohm \n",r2/1000) +printf("R1 = %d kohm",r1/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.14/EX5_14.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.14/EX5_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1876973c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.14/EX5_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +va = 16 //voltage Va +vb = 20 //voltage Vb + +//Calculation +vab = va-vb //voltage Vab + +//Results +printf("Vab = %d V",vab) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.15/EX5_15.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.15/EX5_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..986920c63 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.15/EX5_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vab = 5 //voltage Vab +vb = 4 //voltage Vb + +//Calculation +va = vab + vb //voltage Va + +//Results +printf("Va = %d V",va) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.16/EX5_16.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.16/EX5_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fee4c0119 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.16/EX5_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +va = 20 //voltage Va +vb = -15 //voltage Vb + +//Calculation +vab = va-vb //voltage Vab + +//Results +printf("Vab = %d V",vab) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.17/EX5_17.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.17/EX5_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b5ba7491f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.17/EX5_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 10 //supply voltage1 +v1 = 4 //voltage1 +e2 = 20 //supply voltage2 +va = 10 //voltage Va + +//Calculation +vb = e1-v1 //voltage Vb +vc = vb-e2 //voltage Vc +vac = va-vc //voltage Vac + +//Results +printf("Vb = %d V \n",vb) +printf("Vc = %d V \n",vc) +printf("Vac = %d V \n",vac) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.18/EX5_18.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.18/EX5_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ac58d44d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.18/EX5_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r2 = 25 //resistance +r1 = 20 //resistance in ohm +e1 = -19 //supply voltage in V +e2 = 35 //supply voltage in V +//Calculation +r = r1+r2 //total resistance in ohm +e = e2-e1 //total supply voltage in V +i = e/r //current in ampere A +vab = i*r2 //in voltage Vab +vcb = -i*r1 //in voltage Vcd +vc = e1 //in voltage Vc + +//Results +printf("Vab = %d V \n",vab) +printf("Vcb = %d V \n",vcb) +printf("Vc = %d V \n",vc) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.19/EX5_19.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.19/EX5_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ab5d2dd60 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.19/EX5_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance1 +e = 24 //supply voltage +r2 = 2 //resistance2 + +//Calculation +v1 = (r1*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage1 +v2 = (r2*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage2 + +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("V2 = %d V \n",v2) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.2/EX5_2.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.2/EX5_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..928c35766 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.2/EX5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +N = 3 //number of resistance +R1 = 7 //resistance1 +R2 = 4 //resistance2 +E = 50 //supply voltage +//Calculation +Rt = N*R1+R2 //total resistance +I = E/Rt //current in ampere +V2 = I*R2 //voltage2 +//Results +printf("RT = %d ohm \n",Rt) +printf("I = %d A \n",I) +printf("V2 = %d V",V2) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.20/EX5_20.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.20/EX5_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3f2ae2647 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.20/EX5_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.20 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistor1 +e = 10 //supply voltage +r2 = 3 //resistor2 +r3 = 5 //resistor3 + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2+r3 //total resistance +vab = r1*e/rt //voltage Vab +vb = (r2+r3)*e/rt //voltage Vb +vc = 0 //coltage Vc +vb1 = e-vab //voltage Vb +//Results +printf("a. Vab = +%d V \n",vab) +printf("b. Vb = %d V \n",vb) +printf(" or Vb = %d V \n",vb1) +printf("c. Vc = ground potential = %d V",vc) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.21/EX5_21.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.21/EX5_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..65bc1ca9a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.21/EX5_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.21 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vnl = 40 //voltage with no load +il = 77*10^-3 //load current in ampere +rl = 0.5*10^3 //load resistor in ohm + +//Calculation +rint = (vnl/il)-rl //internal resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("Rint = %.2f ohm",rint) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.22/EX5_22.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.22/EX5_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2b559c77 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.22/EX5_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.22 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 30 //supply voltage +rint = 2 //internal resistance +rl = 13 //load resistance +vnl = 30 //voltage with no load + + +//Calculation +il = e/(rint+rl) //load current in ampere +vl = vnl-il*rint //load voltage in volts +plost = il*il*rint //power lost in Watt + +//Results +printf("Vl = %d V \n",vl) +printf("Plost = %d W",plost) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.23/EX5_23.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.23/EX5_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..04e515810 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.23/EX5_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.23 +clc +//Variable Declaration +vnl = 120 //voltage with no load +vfl = 100 //voltage with load + +//Calculation +vr = ((vnl-vfl)/vfl)*100 //voltage regulation in percent +//Results +printf("VR = %d percent",vr) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.24/EX5_24.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.24/EX5_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..62ae9fa39 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.24/EX5_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.24 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rint = 19.48 //internal resistance in ohm +rl = 500 //load resistor in ohm + +//Calculation +vr = (rint/rl)*100 //voltage regulation in percent + +//Results +printf("VR = %.1f percent",vr) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.3/EX5_3.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.3/EX5_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..41517d5d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.3/EX5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +Rt = 12*10^3 //total resistance +R2 = 4*10^3 //resistance2 +R3 = 6*10^3 //resistance3 +I = 6*10^-3 //current in ampere +//Calculation +R1 = Rt-(R2+R3) //resistance1 +E = I*Rt //voltage +//Results +printf("R1 = %d kohm \n",R1/10^3) +printf("E = %d V",E) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.4/EX5_4.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.4/EX5_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3a99bd75 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.4/EX5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 16 //supply voltage1 +v2 = 4.2 //voltage2 +e2 = 9 //supply voltage2 +e = 32 //supply voltage +v = 12 //voltage +v3 = 6 //voltage of R2 +v4 =14 //voltage of R3 +//Calculation +v1 = e1-v2-e2 //voltage1 +vx = e-v //unknown voltage +vx = v3+v4 //unknown voltage +//Results +printf("V1 = %.1f V \n",v1) +printf("Vx = %d V \n",vx) +printf("Vx = %d V",vx) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.5/EX5_5.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.5/EX5_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6bcea0af --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.5/EX5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 25 //supply voltage1 +e2 = 15 //supply voltage2 +e3 = 20 //supply voltage3 +//Calculation +v1 = e1+e2 //voltage1 +v2 = -e3 //voltage2 +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("V2 = %d V",v2) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.6/EX5_6.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.6/EX5_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..084b0e715 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.6/EX5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v1 = 60 //supply voltage +v2 = 40 //voltage1 +v3 = 30 //voltage2 +v4 = -6 //voltage1 +v5 = 14 //supply voltage +v6 = 2 //voltage2 +//Calculation +va = v1+v3-v2 //unknown voltage +vb = v4-v5+v6 //unknown voltage +//Results +printf("Vx = %d V \n",va) +printf("Vx = %d V \n",vb) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.7/EX5_7.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.7/EX5_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..582afafd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.7/EX5_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistor1 +r2 = 6 //resistor2 +e = 20 //supply voltage + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2 //total resistance +i = e/rt //current +v1 = i*r1 //voltage1 +v2 = i*r2 //voltage2 +p4 = v1*v1/r1 //power of R1 +p6 = (i*i)*r2 //power of R2 +pe = e*i //power of source +pe1 = p4+p6 //Total power +sv = v1+v2 //Total voltage +//Results +printf("a. Rt = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("b. I = %d A \n",i) +printf("c. V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf(" V2 = %d V \n",v2) +printf("d. P4 = %d W \n",p4) +printf(" P6 = %d W \n",p6) +printf("e. Pe = %d W \n",pe) +printf(" %d W = %d W (checks)\n",pe,pe1) +printf("f. %d V = %d V (checks)",e,sv) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.8/EX5_8.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.8/EX5_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..87819f41d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.8/EX5_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 54 //supply voltage +v1 = 18 //voltage1 +v3 = 15 //voltage3 +r2 = 7 //resistance2 +//Calculation +v2 = e-v1-v3 //voltage2 +i = v2/r2 //current in ampere +r1 = v1/i //resistance1 +r3 = v3/i //resistance3 + +//Results +printf("a. V2 = %d V \n",v2) +printf("b. I = %d A \n",i) +printf("c. R1 = %d ohm \n",r1) +printf(" R3 = %d ohm \n",r3) diff --git a/3883/CH5/EX5.9/EX5_9.sce b/3883/CH5/EX5.9/EX5_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..31ae77430 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH5/EX5.9/EX5_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 5, Example 5.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance1 +r2 = 7 //resistance2 +e = 37.5 //supply voltage +i = 2.5 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +rt = 2*r1+r2 //total resistance +i = e/rt //current in ampere +v = i*r2 //voltage of R2 + +//Results +printf("I = %.1f A \n",i) +printf("V7ohm = %.1f V \n",v) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.1/EX6_1.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.1/EX6_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..35e376610 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.1/EX6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +g1 = 1/3 //conductance in seimens +g2 = 1/6 //conductance in seimens + +//Calculation +gt = g1+g2 //total conductance in seimens +rt = 1/gt //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("Gt = %.1f S \n",gt) +printf("Rt = %d ohm",rt) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.10/EX6_10.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.10/EX6_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7d45d161b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.10/EX6_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 30 //resistance in ohm fig 6.18 +r2 = 30 //resistance in ohm fig 6.18 +r3 = 30 //resistance in ohm fig 6.19 +r4 = 1000 //resistance in ohm fig 6.19 +r5 = 0.1 //resistance in ohm fig 6.20 + +//Calculation +rt = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //total resistance in ohm +rt1 = (rt*r3)/(rt+r3) //total resistance in ohm +rt2 = (rt*r4)/(rt+r4) //total resistance in ohm +rt3 = (rt*r5)/(rt+r5) //total resistance in ohm +//Results +printf("a. Rt = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("b. Rt = %d ohm \n",rt1) +printf("c. Rt = %.3f ohm \n",rt2) +printf("d. Rt = %.3f ohm",rt3) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.11/EX6_11.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.11/EX6_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f140948a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.11/EX6_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 9 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 18 //resistance in ohm +e = 27 //voltage supply + +//Calculation +rt = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //total resistance in ohm +is = e/rt //source current in ampere +i1 = e/r1 //current in ampere +i2 = e/r2 //current in ampere +is1 = i1+i2 //applying KCL +p1 = e*i1 //power of R1 in watt +p2 = e*i2 //power of R2 in watt +ps = e*is //power supply in watt +ps1 = p1+p2 //power supply in watt + +//Results +printf("a. Rt = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("b. Is = %.1f A \n",is) +printf("c. I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf(" I2 = %.1f A \n",i2) +printf(" %.1f A = %.1f A \n",is1,is) +printf("d. P1 = %d W \n",p1) +printf(" I2 = %.1f W \n",p2) +printf("e. Ps = %.1f W \n",ps) +printf(" Ps = %.1f W \n",ps1) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.12/EX6_12.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.12/EX6_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eb9dec58f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.12/EX6_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 10 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 20 //resistance in ohm +rt = 4 //total resistance in ohm +i1 = 4 //current of R1 in ampere + + +//Calculation +r = (1/rt)-(1/r1)-(1/r2) +r3 = (1/r) //resistance in ohm +e = i1*r1 //supply voltage +is = e/rt //source current in ampere +i2 = e/r2 //current of R2 in ampere +p2 = i2*i2*r2 //power of R2 in watt + +//Results +printf("a. R3 = %d ohm \n",r3) +printf("b. E = %d V \n",e) +printf("c. Is = %d A \n",is) +printf("d. I2 = %d A \n",i2) +printf("e. P2 = %d W",p2) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.13/EX6_13.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.13/EX6_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..127f662bc --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.13/EX6_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 2 //current in ampere +i2 = 3 //current in ampere +i5 = 1 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +i3 = i1+i2 //current in ampere +i4 = i3+i5 //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("a: I3 = %d A \n",i3) +printf("b: I4 = %d A",i4) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.14/EX6_14.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.14/EX6_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6836a274 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.14/EX6_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i = 5 //entering current in ampere +i2 = 4 //leaving current in ampere + +//Calculation +i1 = i-i2 //applying KCL, in ampere +i3 = i1 // in ampere +i4 = i2 // in ampere +i5 = i3+i4 //applying KCL, in ampere +//Results +printf("I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf("I3 = %d A \n",i3) +printf("I4 = %d A \n",i4) +printf("I5 = %d A",i5) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.15/EX6_15.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.15/EX6_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c0b683d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.15/EX6_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 4 //current in ampere +i2 = 3 //current in ampere +i4 = 1 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +i3 = i1+i2 //curremt in ampere +i5 = i3-i4 //current in ampere +//Results +printf("I3 = %d A \n",i3) +printf("I5 = %d A",i5) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.16/EX6_16.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.16/EX6_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..93772cf0d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.16/EX6_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 10 //current in ampere +i2 = 12 //current in ampere +i5 = 8 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +i7 = i1 +i3 = i2-i1 //current in ampere +i4 = i2-i5 //current in ampere +i6 = i4-i3 //current in ampere +i71 = i5+i6 //current in ampere +//Results +printf("I7 = %d A \n",i7) +printf("I3 = %d A \n",i3) +printf("I4 = %d A \n",i4) +printf("I6 = %d A \n",i6) +printf(" %d A = %d A \n",i7,i71) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.17/EX6_17.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.17/EX6_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a4230f399 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.17/EX6_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4000 //resistance +is = 6 //source current in ampere +r2 = 8000 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +i2 = (r1*is)/(r1+r2) //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("I2 = %d A",i2) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.18/EX6_18.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.18/EX6_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c364bac1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.18/EX6_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 24 //resistance in ohm +r3 = 48 //resistance in ohm +i = 42*10^-3 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +r = (1/r1)+(1/r2)+(1/r3) +rt = 1/r //total resistance in ohm +i1 = (rt*i)/r1 //current in ampere +r4 = (r2*r3)/(r2+r3) //resistance in ohm +i11 = (r4*i)/(r4+r1) //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("I1 = %.2f mA \n",i1*1000) +printf("I1 = %.2f mA",i11*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.19/EX6_19.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.19/EX6_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c89151aa9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.19/EX6_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohm +i = 12 //current in ampere + +//Calculation +i1 = (r2*i)/(r1+r2) //current in ampere +i2 = i-i1 //current in ampere +i21 = (r1*i)/(r1+r2) //current in ampere +i3 = i //current in ampere +i31 = i1+i2 //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf("I2 = %d A \n",i2) +printf("I2 = %d A \n",i21) +printf("I3 = %d A \n",i3) +printf("I3 = %d A \n",i31) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.2/EX6_2.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.2/EX6_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ab17445b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.2/EX6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +g1 = 0.5 //conductance in seimens +g2 = 1/10 //conductance in seimens + +//Calculation +gt = g1 + g2 //total conductance in seimens +rt = 1/gt //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("Gt = %.1f S \n",gt) +printf("Rt = %.3f ohm",rt) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.20/EX6_20.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.20/EX6_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c05312945 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.20/EX6_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.20 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r2 = 7 //resistance in ohm +i = 27*10^-3 //current in ampere +i1 = 21*10^-3 //current in ampere + + +//Calculation +r1 = (r2*(i-i1))/i1 //resistance in ohm +i2 = i-i1 //current in ampere +v2 = i2*r2 //voltage in volt +v1 = v2 //voltage in volt +r11 = v1/i1 //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R1 = %.f ohm \n",r1) +printf("R1 = %.f ohm",r11) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.21/EX6_21.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.21/EX6_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c0cfb34d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.21/EX6_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.21 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 20 //supply voltage + +//Calculation +vab = e //output Vab + +//Results +printf("Vab = %d V",vab) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.22/EX6_22.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.22/EX6_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2bf7e9e78 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.22/EX6_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.22 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 10 //supply voltage +e2 = 30 //supply voltage + +//Calculation +vab = e1 //voltage Vab +vcd = e1-e2 //voltage Vcd + +//Results +printf("Vab = %d V \n",vab) +printf("Vcd = %d V",vcd) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.23/EX6_23.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.23/EX6_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f3ad4c24 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.23/EX6_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.23 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i = 0 //current in ampere +r = 15000 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +v = i*r //voltage + +//Results +printf("I = %d A \n",i) +printf("V = %d V",v) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.24/EX6_24.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.24/EX6_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7b361dc77 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.24/EX6_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.24 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 18 //supply voltage +r1 = 5000 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +i = e/r1 //current in ampere +v = e //voltage +//Results +printf("I = %.1f mA \n",i*1000) +printf("V = %d V",v) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.25/EX6_25.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.25/EX6_25.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c9a0b9a86 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.25/EX6_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.25 +clc +//Variable Declaration +v = 0 //voltage +e = 6 //supply voltage +r1 = 2 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +i = e/r1 //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("V = %d V \n",v) +printf("I = %d A",i) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.26/EX6_26.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.26/EX6_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d70825f69 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.26/EX6_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.26 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 20 //supply voltage +r = 1*10^6 //resistance in ohm +rab1 = 11*10^6 //load resistance in ohm +rm = 2*10^6 +//Calculation +vab = e //voltage Vab +vab2 = (rab1*e)/(rab1+r) //Vab by voltage divider rule +vab3 = (rm*e)/(rm+r) //Vab for the internal resistance + +//Results +printf("a. Vab = %d V \n",vab) +printf("b. Vab = %.2f V \n",vab2) +printf("c. Vab = %.2f V \n",vab3) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.3/EX6_3.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.3/EX6_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..96477c3d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.3/EX6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 1/2 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 1/4 //resistance in ohm +r3 = 1/5 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +rt = r1+r2+r3 +r = 1/rt //total resistance in ohm + + +//Results +printf("Rt = %.3f ohm",r) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.4/EX6_4.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.4/EX6_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ff5088a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.4/EX6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 12 //resistor in ohm fig 6.9 +n1 = 3 //number of component +r2 = 2 //resistor in ohm fig 6.10 +n2 = 4 //number of component +//Calculation +rt1 = r1/n1 //total resistance in ohm fig 6.9 +rt2 = r2/n2 //total resistance in ohm fig 6.10 + +//Results +printf("a. Rt = %d ohm \n",rt1) +printf("b. Rt = %.1f ohm",rt2) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.5/EX6_5.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.5/EX6_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5625e5409 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.5/EX6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 3 //resistor in ohm +r2 = 6 //resistor in ohm +//Calculation +rt = r1*r2/(r1+r2) //resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("Rt = %d ohm",rt) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.6/EX6_6.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.6/EX6_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f8de82780 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.6/EX6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistor in ohm +r2 = 4 //resistor in ohm +r3 = 5 //resistor in ohm + +//Calculation +rt = 1/((1/r1)+(1/r2)+(1/r3)) //total resistance in ohm +rt1 = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 parallel +rt2 = (rt1*r3)/(rt1+r3) //Rt1 and R3 parallel + +//Results +printf("Rt = %.3f ohm \n",rt) +printf("Rt = %.3f ohm \n",rt2) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.7/EX6_7.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.7/EX6_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..282eb5669 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.7/EX6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r = 6 //resistor in ohm +n = 3 //number of component +r2 = 9 //resistor in ohm +r4 = 72 //resistor in ohm + +//Calculation +rt1 = r/n //resistance in ohm +rt2 = (r2*r4)/(r2+r4) //R2 and R4 parallel +rt3 = (rt1*rt2)/(rt1+rt2) //total resistance in ohm + + +//Results +printf("Rt = %.1f ohm",rt3) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.8/EX6_8.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.8/EX6_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..986b84db9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.8/EX6_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rt = 9000 //total resistance in ohm +r1 = 12000 //resistor in ohm + +//Calculation +r2 = (rt*r1)/(r1-rt) //required resistor in ohm + +//Results +printf("R2 = %d kohm",r2/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH6/EX6.9/EX6_9.sce b/3883/CH6/EX6.9/EX6_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..04ab38606 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH6/EX6.9/EX6_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Chapter 6, Example 6.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rt = 16000 //total resistance in ohm +r = 1.75 + + +//Calculation +r1 = r*rt //required resistance in ohm + +//Results +printf("R1 = %d kohm",r1/10^3) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.1/EX7_1.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.1/EX7_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1bace8f78 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.1/EX7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rb = 12000 //resistance in ohm +rc = 6000 //resistance in ohm +e = 54 //voltage +ra = 2000 //resistance in ohm +//Calculation +rbc = (rb*rc)/(rb+rc) //RB and RC are parallel +rt = ra+rbc //the equivalent resistance in ohm +is = e/rt //source current Is in ampere +ia = is +ib = (rc*is)/(rb+rc) //applying current divider rule +ic = (rb*is)/(rb+rc) //applying current divider rule +ic1 = is-ib //applying KCL + + +//Results +printf("Rbc = %d kohm \n",rbc/10^3) +printf("Rt = %d kohm \n",rt/10^3) +printf("Ia = %d mA \n",ia*1000) +printf("Ib = %.f mA \n",ib*1000) +printf("Ic = %.f mA \n",ic*1000) +printf("Ic = %.f mA \n",ic1*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.10/EX7_10.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.10/EX7_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..407d43c4b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.10/EX7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 20 //emf in voltage +e2 = 5 //emf in voltage +e3 = 8 //emf in voltage + + +//Calculation +v1 = e1-e3 //voltage +v2 = e2-v1 //voltage +v3 = e3-v2 //voltage + +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("V2 = %d V \n",v2) +printf("V3 = %d V \n",v3) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.11/EX7_11.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.11/EX7_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..50df5c505 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.11/EX7_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 72 //emf in voltage +is = 50*10^-3 //current source in ampere +vr3 = 12 //R3 voltage +vl1 = 60 //RL1 voltage +vl2 = 20 //RL2 voltage +ir1= 30*10^-3 //R1 current in ampere +ir2 = 20*10^-3 //R2 current in ampere +vr2 = 20 //R2 voltage + +//Calculation +r3 = vr3/is //resistance in ohms +vr1 = vl1-vl2 //voltage +r1 = vr1/ir1 //resistance in ohms +r2 = vr2/ir2 //resistance in ohms + +//Results +printf("R3 = %d ohm \n",r3) +printf("R1 = %.2f Kohm \n",r1/1000) +printf("R2 = %d kohm",r2/1000) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.12/EX7_12.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.12/EX7_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..941fca676 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.12/EX7_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 120 //voltage supply +r1 = 4000 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6000 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 12000 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 30000 //resistance in ohms +r5 = 10000 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +r = (r1*r3)/(r1+r3) //parallel combination R1 and R3 +rr = (r2*r4)/(r2+r4) //parallel combination R2 and R4 +v1 = (r*e)/8000 //voltage +v2 = (rr*e)/8000 //voltage + +//Results +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("V2 = %d V \n",v2) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.2/EX7_2.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.2/EX7_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0753cbd1f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.2/EX7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohm +r3 = 4 //resistance in ohm +r4 = 0.5 //resistance in ohm +r5 = 1.5 //resistance in ohm +e = 10 //voltage +is = 2 //current through R1 in ampere + +//Calculation +ra = r1 //RA is R1 in ohms +rb = (r2*r3)/(r2+r3) //RB is parallel combination of R2 and R3 in ohms +rc = r4+r5 //RC is equivalent resistor of R4 and R5 in ohms +rbc = (rb*rc)/(rb+rc) //parallel combination of RB and RC in ohms +rt = ra+rbc //resistance in ohm +ia = is //same current in ampere +ib = ia/2 //current in ampere +ic = ib //current in ampere +ir2 = ib/2 //current in ampere +ir3 = ir2 //current in ampere +va = ia*ra //voltage +vb = ib*rb //voltage +vc = vb //voltage +v = e-va-vb //applying KVL + +//Results +printf("Rt = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("Is = %d A \n",is) +printf("Ia = %d A \n",ia) +printf("Ib = %d A \n",ib) +printf("Ir2 = Ir3 = %.1f A \n",ir2) +printf("Va = %d V \n",va) +printf("Vb = %d V \n",vb) +printf("Vc = %d V \n",vc) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a0a25bd98 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 9 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r4 = r3 //resistance in ohms +r5 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r6 = 3 //resistance in ohms +e = 16.8 //source voltage + +//Calculation +ra = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //parallel R1 and R2 in ohms +rb = r3 + ((r4*r5)/(r4+r5)) //resistance in ohms +rc = r6 //resistance in ohms +rt = ra+((rb*rc)/(rb+rc)) //total resistance in ohms +is = e/rt //current in ampere +ia = is //current in ampere +ib = (rc*ia)/(rc+rb) //applying the current divider rule +ic = ia-ib //by KCL, current in ampere +va = ia*ra //by ohm's law, voltage +vb = ib*rb //by ohm's law, voltage +i1 = (r2*ia)/(r2+r1) //applying the current divider rule +i2 = ia-i1 //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("Rt = %.1f ohm \n",rt-0.1) +printf("Is = %d A \n",is+0.1) +printf("Ia = Is = %d A \n",ia+0.1) +printf("Ib = %d A \n",ib+0.3) +printf("Ic = %d A \n",ic) +printf("Va = %.1f A \n",va) +printf("Vb = %d A \n",vb) +printf("I1 = %.1f A \n",i1) +printf("I2 = %.1f A",i2) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.4/EX7_4.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.4/EX7_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e80f901c --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.4/EX7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 12 //voltage +r4 = 8 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r1 = 4 //resistance in ohms +rc = r1 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +i4 = e/r4 //current through R4 in ampere +rd = (r2*r3)/(r2+r3) //resistance in ohms +v2 = (rd*e)/(rd+rc) //applying voltage divider rule + +//Results +printf("I4 = %.1f A \n",i4) +printf("V2 = %d V",v2) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.5/EX7_5.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.5/EX7_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e54dade91 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.5/EX7_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 2 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 8 //resistance in ohms +r5 = 12 //resistance in ohms +e = 24 //voltage + +//Calculation +r = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //parallel combination of R1 and R2 +ra = (r*r3)/(r+r3) //resistance A combination in ohm +rb = (r4*r5)/(r4+r5) //resistance B combination in ohm +rt = ra+rb //total resistance in ohms +is = e/rt //current +v1 = is*ra //voltage across R'A' +v5 = is*rb //voltage across R'B' +i4 = v5/r4 //current in ampere through R'B' +i2 = v1/r2 //current in ampere through R2 + +//Results +printf("Rt = %d ohm \n",rt) +printf("Is = %d A \n",is) +printf("V1 = %.1f V \n",v1) +printf("V5 = %.1f V \n",v5) +printf("I4 = %.1f A \n",i4) +printf("I2 = %.1f A \n",i2) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.6/EX7_6.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.6/EX7_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..42ae9143b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.6/EX7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 5 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 2 //resistance in ohms +e = 12 //voltage + +//Calculation +v1 = (r1*e)/(r1+r2) //voltage divider rule +v3 = (r3*e)/(r3+r4) //voltage divider rule +vab = v3-v1 //applying KVL, in voltage +i1 = v1/r1 //by ohm's law, in amperes +i3 = v3/r3 //by ohm's law, in amperes +is = i1+i3 //applying KCL, in amperes + +//Results +printf("a. V1 = %.1f V \n",v1) +printf(" V3 = %d V \n",v3) +printf(" Vab = %.1f V \n",vab) +printf("b. Is = %d A \n",is) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.7/EX7_7.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.7/EX7_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..41b45bd37 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.7/EX7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1 = 6 //voltage +e2 = 18 //voltage +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 5 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 7 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 6 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +v2 = -e1 //in voltage +v1 = e2+e1 //total voltage +i1 = v1/r1 //by ohm's law, in amperes +i2 = e1/r4 //by ohm's law, in amperes +i3 = e1/(r2+r3) //by ohm's law, in amperes +i = i1+i2+i3 //applying KCL, in amperes + +//Results +printf("V2 = %d V \n",v2) +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("I = %.1f A",i) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.8/EX7_8.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.8/EX7_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..49357fc93 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.8/EX7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 40*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4*10^3 //resistance in ohms +rc = 10*10^3 //resistance in ohms 'C' +re = 1*10^3 //resistance in ohms 'E' +vcc = 22 //power supply Vcc +vb = 2 //base voltage +vbe = 0.7 //base emitter voltage + +//Calculation +v2 = vb +ve = v2-vbe //applying KVL to lower loop +ie = ve/re //by ohm's law, in ampere +v1 = vcc-v2 //applying KVL to upper loop +ic = ie // in ampere +vc = vcc-(ie*rc) //applying KVL , in voltaage +vbc = vb-vc //in voltaage +vce = vc-ve //in voltaage + +//Results +printf("Ve = %.1f V \n",ve) +printf("Ie = %.1f mA \n",ie*1000) +printf("V1 = %d V \n",v1) +printf("Vbc = %d V \n",vbc) +printf("Vce = %.1f V",vce) diff --git a/3883/CH7/EX7.9/EX7_9.sce b/3883/CH7/EX7.9/EX7_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66b432d2f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH7/EX7.9/EX7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 7, Example 7.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r123 = 24*10^3 //combining resistance 1,2,3 in ohms +r4 = 24*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r5 = 12*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r6 = 12*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r7 = 9*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r89 = 9*10^3 //combining resistance 8,9 in ohms +e = 72 //voltage + +//Calculation +r = (r123*r4)/(r123+r4) //parallel resistance R123 and R4 in ohm +i5 = e/(r+r5) //by ohm's law, in ampere +rr = (r7*r89)/(r7+r89) //parallel resistor R7 and R89, in ohms +v7 = (rr*e)/(rr+r6) //voltage divider rule, in volts +i6 = v7/rr //current through rr, in ampere +is = i5+i6 //soucre current by KCL, in ampere + +//Results +printf("I5 = %d mA \n",i5*1000) +printf("V7 = %.1f V \n",v7) +printf("I6 = %.2f mA \n",i6*1000) +printf("Is = %.2f mA \n",is*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.1/EX8_1.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.1/EX8_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6a692ca72 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.1/EX8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i = 10*10^-3 //source current +r = 20*10^3 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +i1 = i //current in ampere +v1 = i1*r //by ohm's law, in volts +vs = v1 //in volts + +//Results +printf("I1 = %d mA \n",i1*1000) +printf("Vs = %d V",vs) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.2/EX8_2.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.2/EX8_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f46216ff --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.2/EX8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 12 //voltage +r = 4 //resistance in ohm +i = 7 //current source in ampere + +//Calculation +vs = e //voltage = Vs +i2 = e/r //by ohm's law, in amperes +i1 = i-i2 //applying kirchoff's current law + +//Results +printf("Vs = %d V \n",vs) +printf("I2 = %d A \n",i2) +printf("I1 = %d A",i1) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.3/EX8_3.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.3/EX8_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d0bcb1db1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.3/EX8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r2 = 1 //resistance in ohms +i = 6 //current in amperes +r1 = 2 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +i1 = (r2*i)/(r2+r1) //applying the current divider rule +v1 = i1*r1 //by ohm's law, in volts +vs = v1+20 //applying kirchoff's current law + +//Results +printf("I1 = %d A \n",i1) +printf("Vs = %d V",vs) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.4/EX8_4.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.4/EX8_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f5bff9ec0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.4/EX8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e = 6 //voltage +rs = 2 //resistance in ohm +rl = 4 //load resistance in ohm +i = 3 //source current in ampere +rl2 = 1000 //replace load resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +il = e/(rs+rl) //current in ampere +il1 = (rs*i)/(rs+rl) //applying the current divider rule +il2 = e/(rs+rl2) //current in ampere +il3 = e/rl2 //current in ampere + +//Results +printf("a. IL = %d A \n",il) +printf(" IL = %d A \n",il1) +printf("b. IL = %.2f mA \n",il2*1000) +printf("c. IL = %d mA",il3*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.5/EX8_5.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.5/EX8_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12880051d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.5/EX8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rs = 3000 //resistance in ohm +i = 9*10^-3 //source current in ampere +rl = 6000 //load resistance in ohm +e = 27 //voltage +rl2 = 10 //replace load resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +il = (rs*i)/(rs+rl) //applying the current divider rule +il1 = e/(rs+rl) //current in ampere +il2 = (rs*i)/(rs+rl2) //applying the current divider rule +il3 = i // current in ampere + +//Results +printf("a. IL = %d mA \n",il*1000) +printf(" IL = %d mA \n",il1*1000) +printf("b. IL = %.2f mA \n",il2*1000) +printf("c. IL = %d mA",il3*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.6/EX8_6.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.6/EX8_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..510674296 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.6/EX8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 6 //current in ampere figs. 8.11 +i2 = 10 //current in ampere figs. 8.11 +r1 = 3 //resistance in ohms figs. 8.11 +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms figs. 8.11 +i3 = 7 //current in ampere figs. 8.12 +i4 = 3 //current in ampere figs. 8.12 +i5 = 4 //current in ampere figs. 8.12 +r3 = 4 //resistance in ohms figs. 8.12 + + +//Calculation +is = i2-i1 //current in ampere +rs = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +is1 = i3+i5-i4 //current in ampere +rs1 = r3 //in ohms + +//Results +printf("Is = %d A \n",is) +printf("Rs = %d ohm \n",rs) +printf("Is = %d A \n",is1) +printf("Rs = %d ohm \n",rs1) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.7/EX8_7.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.7/EX8_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ab96b4846 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.7/EX8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 4 //current in ampere +i2 = 6 //current in ampere +r1 = 8 //resistance in ohm +r2 = 24 //resistance in ohm +rl = 14 //load resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +is = i1+i2 //combining current in ampere +rs = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +il = (rs*is)/(rs+rl) //applying current divider rule + +//Results +printf("Is = %d A \n",is) +printf("Rs = %d ohm \n",rs) +printf("IL = %d A",il) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.8/EX8_8.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.8/EX8_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f622e910 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.8/EX8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 4 //current in ampere +r1 = 3 //resistance in ohm +e2 = 5 //voltage +r2 = 2 //resistance in ohm + +//Calculation +es = i1*r1 //by ohm's law +rs = r1 //equal +i2 = (es+e2)/(rs+r2) + +//Results +printf("I2 = %.1f A ",i2) diff --git a/3883/CH8/EX8.9/EX8_9.sce b/3883/CH8/EX8.9/EX8_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8b05d29cd --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH8/EX8.9/EX8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Chapter 8, Example 8.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration + +//three equations substituting the coefficients to variables +i11=2 +i12=0 +i13=4 +i1=2 + +i21=0 +i22=1 +i23=4 +i2=6 + +i31=1 +i32=1 +i33=-1 +i3=0 + +//Calculation + +//for I1 +d=[i11 i12 i13;i21 i22 i23;i31 i32 i33] +di1=[i1 i12 i13;i2 i22 i23;i3 i32 i33] +ia1=det(di1)/det(d) + +//for I2 +di2=[i11 i1 i13 ; i21 i2 i23 ; i31 i3 i33] +ia2=det(di2)/det(d) + +//for I3 +di3=[i11 i12 i1 ; i21 i22 i2 ; i31 i32 i3] +ia3=det(di3)/det(d) + +//Results +printf('I1 = %d A \n',ia1) +printf('I2 = %d A \n',ia2) +printf('I3 = %d A \n',ia3) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.1/EX9_1.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.1/EX9_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c1dd4a610 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.1/EX9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.1 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rsc = 0 +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +e = 30 //voltage +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms + + +//Calculation +i1 = (rsc)/(rsc+r1) //applied the current divider rule, in amperes +i11 = e/r1 //applying ohm's law +i = i1+i11 //current in amperes + +//Results +printf("I = %d A \n",i) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.10/EX9_10.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.10/EX9_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3cf4a12d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.10/EX9_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.10 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 0.8*10^3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4000 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 6000 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 1.4*10^3 //resistance in ohms +e1= 6 //voltage +e2 = 10 //voltage + +//Calculation +r12 = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +rth = r4+((r12*r3)/(r12+r3)) //total resistance in ohm +r23 = (r2*r3)/(r2+r3) //R2 and R3 are parallel +v31 = (r23*e1)/(r23+r1) //applying voltage divider rule R23 +eth1 = v31 //voltage +v32 = (r12*e2)/(r12+r2) //applying voltage divider rule R12 +eth2 = v32 //voltage +eth = eth1-eth2 //voltage + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d kohm \n",rth/10^3) +printf("Eth = %d V",eth) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.11/EX9_11.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.11/EX9_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c157faeef --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.11/EX9_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.11 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +e = 9 //voltage + +//Calculation +rn = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +in = e/r1 //current in amperes + +//Results +printf("Rn = %d ohm \n",rn) +printf("In = %d A",in) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.12/EX9_12.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.12/EX9_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c2135da60 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.12/EX9_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.12 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 5 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohms +i = 10 //current in amperes + +//Calculation +rn = r1+r2 //total resistance in ohms +in = (r1*i)/(r1+r2) //applying the current in amperes divider rule + +//Results +printf("Rn = %d ohm \n",rn) +printf("In = %.3f A",in) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.13/EX9_13.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.13/EX9_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d450903a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.13/EX9_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.13 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 9 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 10 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 7 //voltage +e2 = 12 //voltage +i = 8 //current source in amperes + +//Calculation +rn = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +in1= e1/r1 //current in amperes +in2 = i //short circuited +in = in2-in1 //in amperes + +//Results +printf("Rn = %.1f ohm \n",rn) +printf("In = %.2f A \n",in) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.14/EX9_14.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.14/EX9_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e22c790e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.14/EX9_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.14 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rint1 = 2.5 //resistance in ohms of dc generator +rint2 = 0.5 //resistance in ohms of battery +rint3 = 40 //resistance in ohms of laboratory +n = 0.75 //efficiency in decimal form + +//Calculation +rl1 = rint1 //for the dc generator, in ohms +rl2 = rint2 //for the battery, in ohms +rl3 = rint3 //for the laboratory supply, in ohms +Rl1 = (n*rl1)/(1-n) //RL dc gen. for efficiency, in ohms +Rl2 = (n*rl2)/(1-n) //RL battery for efficiency, in ohms +Rl3 = (n*rl3)/(1-n) //RL laboratory for efficiency, in ohms + +//Results +printf("a. RL = %.1f ohm \n",rl1) +printf(" RL = %.1f ohm \n",rl2) +printf(" RL = %d ohm \n",rl3) +printf("b. RL = %.1f ohm \n",Rl1) +printf(" RL = %.1f ohm \n",Rl2) +printf(" RL = %d ohm \n",Rl3) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.15/EX9_15.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.15/EX9_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..60436087f --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.15/EX9_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.15 +clc +//Variable Declaration +rs = 40*10^3 //resistance in ohms +in =10*10^-3 //current in amperes source + +//Calculation +rl = rs //load resistance in ohms +pl = (in*in*rs)/4 //maximum power in watt + +//Results +printf("RL = %d kohm \n",rl/10^3) +printf("PLmax = %d W \n",pl) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.16/EX9_16.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.16/EX9_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..578040a1d --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.16/EX9_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.16 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 8 //resistance in ohms +e = 12 //voltage + +//Calculation +rth = r3+(r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //total resistance in ohms +eth = (r2*e)/(r2+r1) //voltage divider +PLmax = (eth*eth)/(4*rth) //maximum power in watt + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d ohm \n",rth) +printf("Eth = %d V \n",eth) +printf("PLmax = %.1f W",PLmax) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.17/EX9_17.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.17/EX9_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b5d4d13cd --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.17/EX9_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.17 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 10 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 2 //resistance in ohms +e = 68 //voltage +i = 6 //current in amperes + +//Calculation +rth = r1+r2+r3 //total resistance in ohms +rl = rth //load resistance in ohms +v2 = i*r2 //voltage +eth = v2 + e //applying kirchoff's voltage law +plmax = (eth*eth)/(4*rth) //maximum power in watt + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d ohm \n",rth) +printf("PLmax = %.2f W",plmax) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.18/EX9_18.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.18/EX9_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ec05daa51 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.18/EX9_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.18 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 5 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 2 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 10 //voltage +e2= 16 //voltage +e3 = 8 //voltage +rl = 3 //load resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +Eeq = ((e1/r1)-(e2/r2)+(e3/r3))/((1/r1)+(1/r2)+(1/r3)) +Req = 1/((1/r1)+(1/r2)+(1/r3)) //resistance in ohms +il = Eeq/(Req+rl) //load current in amperes +vl = il*rl //load voltage + +//Results +printf("Eeq = %.3f V \n",Eeq) +printf("Req = %.3f ohm \n",Req) +printf("IL = %.3f V \n",il) +printf("VL = %.3f V ",vl) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.19/EX9_19.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.19/EX9_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8205e6f54 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.19/EX9_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.19 +clc +//Variable Declaration +i1 = 5 //source current in amperes +i2 = 5/3 //source current in amperes +g1 = 1 //conductance +g2 = 1/6 //conductance +r3 = 2 //resistance in ohms +//Calculation +it = i1+i2 //total current in amperes +gt = g1+g2 //total conductance in mho +Eeq = it/gt //voltage +Req = 1/gt //equivalent resistance +i2ohm = Eeq/(Req+r3) //current in amperes of 2-ohm +Eeq1 = Eeq +Req1 = Req + +//Results +printf("a. Eeq = %f V \n",Eeq) //converted to decimals +printf(" Req = %f ohm \n",Req) //converted to decimals +printf(" I2ohm = %d A \n",i2ohm) +printf("b. Eeq = %f V \n",Eeq1) //converted to decimals +printf(" Req = %f ohm ",Req1) //converted to decimals diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.2/EX9_2.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.2/EX9_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..513a56b8b --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.2/EX9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.2 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 24 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 12 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 4 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 54 //voltage +e2 = 48 //voltage + +//Calculation +rt = r1+(r2*r3)/(r2+r3) //total resistance in ohms +i = e1/rt //current in amperes in loop +i31 = (r2*i)/(r2+r3) //using current divider rule, in amperes +rt2 = r3+(r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //total resistance in ohms +i33 = e2/rt2 //current in amperes in loop +i3 = i33-i31 //total current in amperes through R3 + +//Results +printf("I3 = %.1f A",i3) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.3/EX9_3.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.3/EX9_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..05a52a1f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.3/EX9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.3 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 12 //resistance in ohms +e = 36 //voltage +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +i = 9 //source current in amperes + +//Calculation +i21 = e/(r1+r2) //current in amperes +i22 = (r1*i)/(r1+r2) //applying current in amperes divider rule +i2 = i21+i22 //total current in amperes through the R2 +p = i2*i2*r2 //power in watt to R2 + +//Results +printf("I2 = %d A \n",i2) +printf("P = %d W \n",p) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.4/EX9_4.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.4/EX9_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b5505812e --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.4/EX9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.4 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6000 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 12000 //resistance in ohms +i = 6*10^-3 //current in amperes +e = 9 //voltage + +//Calculation +i21 = (r1*i)/(r1+r2) //current in amperes divider rule +i22 = e/(r1+r2) //effect of 9-V voltage source +i2 = i21+i22 //sum of the current in amperes + +//Results +printf("I2 = %.1f mA",i2*1000) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.5/EX9_5.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.5/EX9_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21b6f9ab2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.5/EX9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.5 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 2 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 12 //voltage +e2 = 6 //voltage +i = 3 //current in amperes + + +//Calculation +i11 = e1/(r1+r2) //effect of the 12-V source +i21 = e2/(r1+r2) //effect of the 6-V source +i23 = (r2*i)/(r1+r2) //applying the current divider rule, in amperes +i1 = i21+i23-i11 //current in amperes + +//Results +printf("I1 = %d A \n",i1) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.6/EX9_6.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.6/EX9_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..838c8b9e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.6/EX9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.6 +clc +//Variable Declaration +e1= 9 //voltage +r1 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 6 //resistance in ohms +rl1 =2 //resistance in ohms +rl2 = 10 //resistance in ohms +rl3 = 100 //resistance in ohms + +//Calculation +rth = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +eth = (r2*e1)/(r2+r1) //applying voltage divider rule +il1 = eth/(rth+rl1) //RL = 20 ohm +il2 = eth/(rth+rl2) //RL = 10 ohm +il3 = eth/(rth+rl3) //RL = 100 ohm + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d ohm \n",rth) +printf("Eth = %d V \n",eth) +printf("IL = %.1f A \n",il1) +printf("IL = %.1f A \n",il2) +printf("IL = %.3f A \n",il3) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.7/EX9_7.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.7/EX9_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..91057d5d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.7/EX9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.7 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 4 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 2 //resistance in ohms +i1 = 12 //current in amperes source +i2 = 0 + +//Calculation +rth = r1+r2 //total resistance in ohms +eth = i1*r1 //voltage + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d ohm \n",rth) +printf("Eth = %d V",eth) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.8/EX9_8.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.8/EX9_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..28be9533a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.8/EX9_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.8 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohms +e1 = 8 //voltage + +//Calculation +rth = (r1*r2)/(r1+r2) //R1 and R2 are parallel +eth = (r1*e1)/(r1+r2) //applying voltage divider rule + +//Results +printf("Rth = %.1f ohm \n",rth) +printf("Eth = %.1f V",eth) diff --git a/3883/CH9/EX9.9/EX9_9.sce b/3883/CH9/EX9.9/EX9_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..38771734a --- /dev/null +++ b/3883/CH9/EX9.9/EX9_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 9, Example 9.9 +clc +//Variable Declaration +r1 = 6 //resistance in ohms +r2 = 4 //resistance in ohms +r3 = 3 //resistance in ohms +r4 = 12 //resistance in ohms +e = 72 //voltage +r22 = 12 //resistance in ohms + + +//Calculation +rth = ((r1*r3)/(r1+r3))+((r2*r4)/(r2+r4)) //total resistance in ohms +v1 = (r1*e)/(r1+r3) //voltage divider rule R1 +v2 = (r22*e)/(r2+r4) //voltage divider rule R2 +eth = v2-v1 //applying kirchoff's voltage law + +//Results +printf("Rth = %d ohm \n",rth) +printf("Eth = %d V",eth) diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.png b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9ac741ca1 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/EX1_1.png differ diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.jpg b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..11098f9a9 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a255dda7a --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX1_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +Vcc=10;//dc supply voltage in V +Rc=2e3;//collector resiatance in ohm +//Vce=Vcc+(Ic*Rc) +//To find the coordinates of the load line first put Ic=0 in the following equation +Ic=0; +Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc); +printf("\n The coordinates of one end point B of the load line is (%1.0f V,0)",Vce) +//To find the coordinates of the load line then put Vce=0 in the following equation +Vce=0; +Ic=(Vcc-Vce)/Rc; +printf("\n The coordinates of other end point A of the load line is (0,%1.0f mA)",Ic*1e3) + +vce=0:10; +for i=1:11 + ic(i)=(10-vce(i))/2; +end +plot(vce,ic) +xlabel("Vce in volt") +ylabel("Ic in mA") +title("DC load line") + + diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.jpg b/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f4394447c Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce b/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fd00a2b37 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX1_2.sce + +clc; +clear; +Rc=5e3;//collector load resistance in ohm +Vcc=10;//dc supply voltage in V +Ib=20e-6;//base current in A +beta=50; + +Ic=beta*Ib;//collector current in A +Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc); +printf("\n The operating point is (%1.0f V;%1.0f mA)",Vce,Ic*1e3) + + diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.jpg b/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d20d7e1c Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce b/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..057428753 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX1_3.sce + +clc; +clear; +Vcc=5;//dc supply voltage in V +Rc=2e3;//collector load resistance in ohm +Vce=1;//knee voltage in V + +Ic=(Vcc-Vce)/Rc; +printf("\n The maximum collector current= %1.0f mA",Ic*1e3) + diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.jpg b/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..916723ea7 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce b/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6dcba279f --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX1_4.sce + +clc; +clear; +Rc=4e3;//collector load resistance in ohm +Vcc=15;//dc supply voltage in V +Vce=1;//knee voltage in V +beta=100; + +Ie=(Vcc-Vce)/(beta*Rc); +printf("\n Permissible input current= %1.0f microampere",Ie*1e6) + +//There is a mistake in the book final answer +//the book answer is 30 microampere insteadof 35 microampere diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.jpg b/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7f366709f Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1e2dd6bf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX10_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +L=60e-6;//inductor value in H +C=300e-12;//capacitor value in F +f=1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C)); +printf("\n Frequency of the oscillator =%d kHz \n",f*1e-3) diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.jpg b/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4f8374e6c Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e0ac42cf5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX10_2.sce + +clc; +clear; +L1=0.3e-3;//value of inductor1 in H +L2=0.2e-3;//value of inductor2 in H +C=0.003e-6;//capacitor value in F +f=1/(2*%pi*sqrt((L1+L2)*C));//equation of frequency for Hartley oscillator +printf("\n Frequency of Hartley oscillator =%0.2f kHz \n",f*1e-3) + +//Note:There is a error in the book for calculating frequency + // Answer given in the book was wrong diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.jpg b/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d90b5531d Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3c08d0c07 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX10_3.sce + +clc; +clear; +C1=0.16e-6;//value of capacitor1 in F +C2=0.018e-6;//value of capacitor2 in F +L=15.8e-3;//value of inductor in H +f=(1/(2*%pi))*sqrt((C1+C2)/(L*C1*C2));//Equation of frequency for Colpitts oscillator +printf("\n Frequency of Colpitts oscillator =%0.3f kHz \n",f*1e-3) + + diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.jpg b/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bddfab320 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08a2cfd89 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX10_4.sce + +clc; +clear; +R=680e3;//given R1=R2=R3=680 kHz +C=100e-12;//given C1=C2=C3=100 pF +f=1/(2*%pi*R*C*sqrt(6));//equation of frequency for phase-shift oscillator +printf("\n Frequency of the phase shift oscillator =%1.0f Hz \n",f) diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.jpg b/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a4633cd59 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..84f74ec49 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX10_5.sce + +clc; +clear; +f=3e3;//frequency of the Wiens bridge oscillator in Hz +R=200e3;//resistors value in ohm +//equation of frequency for Wiens bridge oscillator is f=1/(2*%pi*C*R) +C=1/(2*%pi*f*R); +printf("\n The value of capacitance =%0.1f pF",C*1e12) + +//Answer given in the book is vary +//C=265.5 pF is slightly wrong(point variation) +//There is a calculation error in the book diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f14b9483 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..efe917052 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +fc=600;//carrier frequency in kHz +fm=1.5;//modulating frequency in kHz + +printf("(1)\n") +usf=fc+fm; +lsf=fc-fm; +printf("\n upper side band frequency=%0.1f kHz \n ",usf) +printf("\n lower side band frequency=%0.1f kHz \n ",lsf) + +printf("\n(2)\n") +BW=2*fm; +printf("\n Bandwidth=%d kHz",BW) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e4154955f Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..af57cae91 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_10.sce + +clc; +clear; +CS=80e3;//carrier swing of an FM wave in Hz +f=8e3;//siganl frequency in Hz +Fd=CS/2;//frequency deviation in Hz +m=Fd/f; +printf("\n Modulation index =%d",m) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f8f5a4ec2 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0b63e18f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_11.sce + +clc; +clear; +fc=105e6;//centre frequency of an FM carrier in Hz +fmhigh=105.04e6;//highest frequency of the modulating signal in Hz +fs=8e3;//siganl frequency in Hz +Fd=fmhigh-fc; +m=Fd/fs; +printf("\n Modulation index =%d",m) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cc50ee2eb Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d2fc6531d --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_2.sce + +clc; +clear; +Ec=80;//peak voltage of carrier in V +R=80;//Load resistance in ohm +m=0.5;//modulation index + +Pc=((Ec/sqrt(2))^2)/R; +Pt=Pc*(1+(m^2)/2); +printf("\n Total power=%1.0f W \n",Pt) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc7f406be Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..17e3e3b4f --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_3.sce + +clc; +clear; +Pc=400;//carrier power in W +m=1;//modulation index + +printf("\n(1)") +Pt=Pc*(1+(m^2)/2); +printf("\n Total power=%1.0f W",Pt) + +printf("\n (2)") +Ps=(Pt*m^2)/(2+m^2); +printf("\n Power in side bands=%1.0f W",Ps) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..912483652 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b3ba5b551 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_4.sce + +clc; +clear; +Ic=6;//load current in A +m=0.6;//modulation is 60 percentage +It=(Ic)*(1+(m^2)/2); + +printf("\n Current when 60 percentage modulation=%1.2f A",It) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..396567999 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..515643316 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_5.sce + +clc; +clear; +Va=5; //amplitude of audio signal in V +Vp=15; //peak voltage of carrier in V +fm=6e3;//carrier frequency in Hz +fc=10e6;//modulating frequency in Hz +m=Va/Vp; +printf("\n Modulation Index=%1.2f \n",m) +USF=fc+fm; +LSF=fc-fm; +printf("\n Upper side band frequency=%0.3f MHz",USF*1e-6) +printf("\n Lower side band frequency=%0.3f MHz \n",LSF*1e-6) +Vs=(1/2)*(m*Vp);//amplitude of side bands in V +printf("\n Amplitude of side bands=%0.1f V",Vs) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..63f1c56e4 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..84e410c38 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_6.sce + +clc; +clear; +fm=12.5e3;//maximum modulating frequency in Hz +BW=10e6;//available bandwidth in Hz +BWreq=fm*2;//required bandwidth of each stations in Hz +Ns=BW/BWreq; +printf("\n Number of stations that can be accommodated in the available BW = %d ",Ns) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..76e97b04a Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d26e506d --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_7.sce + +clc; +clear; +fc=1e6;//carrier frequency in Hz +fmin=50;//minimum range of frequency in Hz +fmax=4500;//maximum range of frequency in Hz +USFmin=fc+fmin; +USFmax=fc+fmax; +printf("\n The upper sideband extends from %4.2f kHz to %4.1f kHz \n",USFmin*1e-3,USFmax*1e-3) +LSFmin=fc-fmin; +LSFmax=fc-fmax; +printf("\n The lower sideband extends from %3.2f kHz to %3.1f kHz \n",LSFmin*1e-3,LSFmax*1e-3) +W=USFmax-LSFmax; +printf("\n Width of channel=%d kHz",W*1e-3) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7be438172 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..feb340044 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_8.sce + +clc; +clear; +Pt=1200;//total power content of AM in W +m=1;//100 percentage modulation index +Pc=(Pt*2)/(2+m^2); +Pusb=(m^2/4)*Pc; +Plsb=Pusb; +printf("\n Power contained in the carrier=%d W \n",Pc) +printf("\n Upper side band =%d W \n Lower side band =%d W \n",Pusb,Plsb) diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.jpg b/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1c99e501a Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce b/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5cf192a52 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX11_9.sce + +clc; +clear; +m=1; +A=(1+(1/2)*m^2); +//The constant A denotes the ratio of PT and Pc +B=(m^2)/4; +//The constant B denotes the ratio of Pusb and Pc +//Pusb=Plsb +Psaved=A-B;; // saving in power when the carrier and one side band are suppressed +%saving=(Psaved/A)*100; +printf("\n Percentage savings =%2.2f percentage ",%saving) diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.jpg b/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f332f0a7 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce b/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d984ef66f --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX12_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +Nl=525;//number of lines per frame +R=4/3;//aspect raion +Ns=33;//number of suppressed lines +Na=Nl-Ns; +Nh=R*Na; +printf("\n Number of active lines= %1.0f \n Number of pixels per line= %1.0f \n",Na,Nh) + diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.jpg b/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..259cb7e94 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce b/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a7395edfe --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX12_2.sce + +clc; +clear; +Nt=525;//total number of lines +Prr=25;//picture repetition rate + +fh=Nt*Prr; +Th=1/fh; +printf("\n Sync frequency= %1.0f Hz \n The total line time= %0.2f microseconds \n",fh,Th*1e6) + diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.jpg b/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..29df5c19a Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce b/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9dd5007ab --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX12_3.sce + +clc; +clear; +Ts=12e-6;//supression period in seconds +Kf=0.7;//Kell factor +Nl=525;//total number of lines +Ns=25;//number of suppressed lines +a=4/3;//aspect ratio +Th=76.19e-6;//total line time in seconds + +BW=(Kf*a*(Nl-Ns))/(2*(Th-Ts)); +printf("\n The bandwidth=%0.2f MHz \n",BW*1e-6) + +//There is a error in the book for calculation of bandwidth +//In the book BW=364 MHz insteadof 3.64 MHz diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.jpg b/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c8243680 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce b/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..54d672977 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX13_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +Imax=10e-3;//Maximum reading current of ammeter in A +CS=100e-6;//Current sensitivity in A +Rm=50;//Resistance in ohm + +Ishunt=Imax-CS; +Rshunt=(Rm*CS)/Ishunt; +printf("\n Required shunt resistance=%1.3f ohm \n", Rshunt) diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.jpg b/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3f16f657 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce b/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..80adb53ab --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX13_2.sce + +clc; +clear; +Rm=150;//Resistance of d'Arsonval movement in ohm +CS=0.001;//Current sensitivity in A +//CS=Ia1=Ib1=Ic1=Id1 +R_shunt=(CS*Rm)/(0.001-0.0001);//Total shunt resistance required +R=750;//The sum shunt resistance that have included in the shunt branch is not feasible to prepare resistors. Therefore 750 ohm resistanceis connected in series with the movement + +//case (a): Range(0-1)mA +Ia=0.001;//Current Range of the switch in A +Ia1=0.0001;//Current through the switch in A +Ia2=Ia-Ia1;//Current through the shunt branch in A + Rma=Rm+R;//Resistance of the meter branch in ohm + Rsa=(Rma*Ia1)/Ia2;//Resistance of the shunt branch + + + //Casec(b): Range(0-10)mA + //When the range of switch is 10 mA, position R1 goes into series +Ib=0.01;//Current Range of the switch in A +Ib1=0.0001;//Current through the switch in A +Ib2=Ib-Ib1;//Current through the shunt branch in A +Rmb=Rm+R;//Resistance of the meter branch without R1 in ohm +R1=((Rsa*Ib2)-(Rmb*Ib1))/(Ib1+Ib2); + +//Casec(c): Range(0-100)mA +//When the range of switch is 100 mA, position R1 and R2 goes into series +Ic=0.1;//Current Range of the switch in A +Ic1=0.0001;//Current through the switch in A +Ic2=Ic-Ic1;//Current through the shunt branch in A +Rmc=Rma+R1;//Resistance of the meter branch without R2 in ohm +Rsc=Rsa-R1;//Resistance of the shunt branch except R2 +R2=((Rsc*Ic2)-(Rmc*Ic1))/(Ic1+Ic2); + + +//Casec(d): Range(0-1)A +//When the range of switch is 1 A, position R1, R2 and R3 goes into series +Id=1;//Current Range of the switch in A +Id1=0.0001;//Current through the switch in A +Id2=Id-Id1;//Current through the shunt branch in A +Rmd=Rma+R1+R2;//Resistance of the meter branch without R3 in ohm +Rsd=Rsa-R1-R2;//Resistance of the shunt branch except R3 +R3=((Rsd*Id2)-(Rmd*Id1))/(Id1+Id2); +R4=1-R3; + +printf("\n Four resistance of shunt branch\n\t R1=%0.1f ohm \n\t R2=%0.1f ohm \n\t R3=%0.1f ohm \n\t R4=%0.1f ohm\n",R1,R2,R3,R4) + + diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.jpg b/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c310806bf Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce b/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a59b9e9f --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX13_3.sce + +clc; +clear; + +deflectionsensitivity=4;//unit is V/cm +lengthoftrace=12;//unit is cm + +Vpp=deflectionsensitivity*lengthoftrace;//peak to peak value of applied voltage in V +Vp=Vpp/2;//peak value of applied voltage in V +Vrms=Vp/sqrt(2); +printf("\n RMS value of applied voltage=%2.2f V",Vrms) diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.jpg b/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7c75a6338 Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce b/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c6a96317 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX13_4.sce + +clc; +clear; +Tc=0.2;//Time control of CRO in ms per cm +D=7.5;//Distance in cm + +T=(Tc*D);//period of ac voltage in s +f=1/T; +printf("\n Frequency of ac voltage=%3.1f Hz",f*1e3) diff --git a/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.jpg b/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f095bd79e Binary files /dev/null and b/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.jpg differ diff --git a/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce b/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae04dabb7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3893/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Book Name:Principles of Electronics , Vol.II +//Author:B.V.Narayana Rao +//Publisher:New Age International Private Limited +//Edition:Second Edition ,1996 +//Operating system: Windows 10 +//Scilab version: Scilab 6.0.0 + +//EX2_1.sce + +clc; +clear; +Vcc=10;//dc supply voltage in V +Rc=2e3;//Collector resistance in ohm +Rb=300e3;//base resistance in ohm +beta=75; +Vbe=1;//voltage across base emitter terminal in V + +Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rb; +Ic=beta*Ib; +Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc); + +printf("\n The operating point is (%0.2f mA;%0.1f V) \n",Ic*1e3,Vce) + +Icsat=Vcc/Rc; +if IcVcc is maintained to reduce the gain in transient region +Vcc1=0.38 //Supply voltgage in volts(V) + +//Outputs +Ib=((Vcc-Vce_sat)/(Rc*beta_f)) //Base current in amperes(A) +Vin_eos=Vbe_eos+(Ib*Rb) //Input voltage at eos in volts(V) +//In the saturation mode,the collector current Ic: +Ic=Vcc1/Rc1 //Collector current in amperes(A) +Vce_extra=Ic*(Rc1+Re) //Extra voltage drop caused over collector-emitter terminals in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nBase Current Ib: %.7f amperes",Ib); +mprintf("\nInput Voltage at eos Vin_eos: %.5f volts",Vin_eos); +mprintf("\nCollector Current Ic: %.4f amperes",Ic); +mprintf("\nExtra voltage drop caused over collector-emitter terminals: %.2f volts",Vce_extra); + +//Outputs +//Base Current Ib: 0.0000490 amperes (or) 49.0µA +//Input Voltage at eos Vin_eos: 1.29000 volts +//Collector Current Ic: 0.0051 amperes (or) 5.1mA +//Extra voltage drop caused over collector-emitter terminals: 0.48 volts diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..686da4237 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Example 3.12, Page Number 153 +//Effect of Fanout on VTC of the RTL Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Rc=1*(10^3) //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Rb=10*(10^3) //Base resistance in ohms(Ω) +//Re=20 //Emitter resistance in ohms(Ω) +//Rc1=75 //Series collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Vbe_sat=0.8 //Base-Emmiter saturation voltage in volts(V) +//Vcc1=0.38 //Supply voltgage in volts(V) +N=5 //Number of fanouts + +//Outputs +Vout=(Vcc+(N*(Rc/Rb)*Vbe_sat))/(1+(N*(Rc/Rb))) //Output voltage in volts(V) +//For large values for N,Vout eventually approaches Vbe_sat=0.8V which means that the NM_H is reduced to zero(or is even negative) + +//Results +mprintf("\nOutput Voltage Vout: %.2f volts",Vout); + + +//Outputs +//Output Voltage Vout: 3.60 volts + diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..873c09426 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//Example 3.14, Page Number 163 +//VTC of ECL Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=0 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vee=-5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vref=-0.95 //Reference voltage in volts(V) +Iee=0.5*(10^-3) //Coupled emmiter current in amperes(A) +Rc=1*(10^3) //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Rb=50*(10^3) //Base resistance in ohms(Ω) +Is=10^-17 //Transport saturation current in amperes(A) +Ic=0.1*(10^-3) //Collector current in amperes(A) +beta_f=100 //Maximun forward current gain +phi_t=26*(10^-3) //Thermal voltage in volts(A) +Vswing=Iee*Rc //Transition voltage swing in volts(V) + +//Outputs +Vbe_on=phi_t*log(Ic/Is) //Base-Emitter voltage in volts(V) +V_oh=Vcc-Vbe_on //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_ol=Vcc-Vbe_on-(Vswing) //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_ih=Vref+(phi_t*log(((Vswing)/(2*phi_t))-1)) //Input high level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_il=Vref-(phi_t*log(((Vswing)/(2*phi_t))-1)) //Input low level transition voltage in volts(V) +Vm=Vref //Inverter threshold in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nBase Emmiter voltage in volts Vbe_on : %.2f volts",Vbe_on); +mprintf("\nVbe_oh: %.2f volts",V_oh); +mprintf("\nVbe_ol: %.2f volts",V_ol); +mprintf("\nVbe_ih: %.2f volts",V_ih); +mprintf("\nVbe_il: %.2f volts",V_il); +mprintf("\nInverter threshold Vm: %.2f volts",Vm); + +//Outputs +//Base Emmiter voltage in volts Vbe_on : 0.77 volts +//Vbe_oh: -0.77 volts +//Vbe_ol: -1.27 volts +//Vbe_ih: -0.89 volts +//Vbe_il: -1.00 volts +//Inverter threshold Vm: -0.94 volts + diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..53c41b6be --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Example 3.15, Page Number 169 +//Switching the Differential Pair +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +rc=75 //Transient collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +rb=120 //Transient base resistance in ohms(Ω) +re=20 //Transient emitter resistance in ohms(Ω) +Rc=1*(10^3) //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +C_be1=20*(10^-15) //Base-Emitter junction capacitance in farads(F) +C_bc1=22*(10^-15) //Base-collector junction capacitance in farads(F) +C_cs1=47*(10^-15) //Collector-Source junction capacitance in farads(F) +Iee=0.5*(10^-3) //Coupled emmiter current in amperes(A) +tou_f=10*(10^-12) //Ideal forward transit time in secs +Keq_be=3.35 +Keq_bc=0.75 +alpha=5 //Empirical factor +//Empirical factor(α) is 2 and 5 for the 50% and 90% points respectively + +//Outputs +Cd1=(tou_f/Rc) //Diffusion capacitance in farads(F) +Cin_j=(Keq_bc*C_bc1)+((Keq_be*C_be1)/2) //Equivalent input capacitance +tdp=rb*((2.2*Cin_j)+(alpha*Cd1)) //Propogation delay for collector current to reach 90% of their value in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nDiffusion capacitance at base during single transition Cd1 : %.16f farads",Cd1); +mprintf("\nEquivalent input capacitance Cin_j : %.16f farads",Cin_j); +mprintf("\nPropogation delay for collector current to reach ninty percent point tdp : %.13f seconds",tdp); + +//Outputs +//Diffusion capacitance at base during single transition Cd1 : 0.0000000000000100 farads (or) 10.0fF +//Equivalent input capacitance Cin_j : 0.0000000000000500 farads (or) 50.0fF +//Propogation delay for collector current to reach ninty percent point tdp : 0.0000000000192 seconds (or) 19.2 picosecs diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8bacf37df --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Example 3.16, Page Number 170 +//Load Capacitances of an ECL Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Cd3=0.2*(10^-15) //Diffusion capacitance for high base resistance(Rb)in farads(F) +C_bc3=0.91*(10^-15) //Base-Emitter junction capacitance in farads(F) +C_bc1=0.84*(10^-15) //Base-collector junction capacitance in farads(F) +C_cs3=0.51*(10^-15) //Collector-Source junction capacitance in farads(F) + +//Outputs +Cc=(C_cs3*47)+(C_bc1*22)+(C_bc3*22)+Cd3 //Collector capacitance in farads(F) + +//Results +mprintf("\nCollector capacitance Cc : %.16f farads",Cc); + +//Output +//Collector capacitance Cc : 0.0000000000000627 farads (or) 62.7 fF diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.17/Ex3_17.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.17/Ex3_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..203a9bebd --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.17/Ex3_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +//Example 3.17, Page Number 173 +//ECL Transient Response +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=0 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vee=-5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Rc=1*(10^3) //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Rb=50*(10^3) //Base resistance in ohms(Ω) +tdp=20*(10^-12) //Propogation delay in seconds(secs) +Iee=0.5*(10^-3) //Coupled emmiter current in amperes(A) +Vswing=Iee*Rc //Transition voltage swing in volts(V) +Cl=60*(10^-15) //Load capacitance farads(F) +Cc=62.7*(10^-15) //Collector capacitance in farads(F) +V_oh=-0.7 //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) + +//Outputs +t_discharge=(0.5*Cl*Rb*Vswing)/(V_oh-Vee-(Vswing/4)) //Discharge time +tp_hl=tdp+t_discharge //Delay for high to low transition in seconds(secs) +t_charge=0.69*Rc*Cc //Charge time in seconds(secs) +tp_lh=tdp+t_charge //Delay for low to high transition in seconds(secs) +tp=(tp_hl+tp_lh)/2 // Propogation delay in seconds(secs) +//Results +mprintf("\nDischarge time t_discharge : %.13f seconds",t_discharge); +mprintf("\nDelay for high to low transition tp_hl: %.13f seconds",tp_hl); +mprintf("\nCharge time t_charge: %.13f seconds",t_charge); +mprintf("\nDelay for low to high transition tp_lh: %.13f seconds",tp_lh); +mprintf("\nPropogation delay tp: %.13f seconds",tp); + +//Outputs +//Discharge time t_discharge : 0.0000000001796 seconds (or) 179.6 picosecs +//Delay for high to low transition tp_hl: 0.0000000001996 seconds (or) 199.6 picosecs +//Charge time t_charge: 0.0000000000433 seconds (or) 43.3 picosecs +//Delay for low to high transition tp_lh: 0.0000000000633 seconds (or) 63.3 picosecs +//Propogation delay tp: 0.0000000001315 seconds (or) 131.5 picosecs diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ce5f36148 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +//Example 3.18, Page Number 177 +//Power Dissipation of ECL Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=0 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vee=-5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vref=-0.95 //Reference voltage in volts(V) +Iee=0.5*(10^-3) //Coupled emitter current in amperes(A) +Rc=1*(10^3) //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Rb=50*(10^3) //Base resistance in ohms(Ω) +Is=10^-17 //Transport saturation current in amperes(A) +Ic=0.1*(10^-3) //Collector current in amperes(A) +beta_f=100 //Maximum forward current gain +phi_t=26*(10^-3) //Thermal voltage in volts(A) +Vswing=Iee*Rc //Transition voltage swing in volts(V) +Cl=60*(10^-15) //Load capacitance in farads(F) +Cc=72.8*(10^-15) //Collector capacitance in farads(F) +Ct=Cl+Cc //Total switching capacitance in farads(F) +tp=127.5*(10^-12) //Propogation delay in seconds(secs) + +//Outputs +Vbe_on=phi_t*log(Ic/Is) //Base-Emitter voltage in volts(V) +V_oh=Vcc-Vbe_on //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_ol=Vcc-Vbe_on-(Vswing) //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +f=(1/tp) //Maximum allowable switching frequency in hertz(Hz) +//Ignoring the power consumed in bias network +Pstat=(Vcc-Vee)*(Iee+(2*((((V_oh+V_ol)/2)-Vee)/Rb))) //Static power consumption in watts(W) +Pdyn=Ct*(Vcc-Vee)*Vswing*f //Dyanamic power consumption in watts(W) +Pt=Pstat+Pdyn //Total power consumption in watts(W) + +//Results +mprintf("\nStatic power consumption Pstat : %.4f watts",Pstat); +mprintf("\nDynamic power consumption Pdyn : %.4f watts",Pdyn); +mprintf("\nTotal power consumption Pt : %.4f watts",Pt); + +//Outputs +//Static power consumption Pstat : 0.0033 watts (or) 3.3 mW +//Dynamic power consumption Pdyn : 0.0026 watts (or) 2.6 mW +//Total power consumption Pt : 0.0059 watts (or) 5.9 mW diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fbe8fc0e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +//Example 3.4, Page Number 127 +//VTC of a CMOS Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Kn=80*(10^-6) //Transistor parameters in A/V^2 +Kp=27*(10^-6) //Transistor parameter in A/V^2 +Vdd=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +W_to_L_PMOS=5.4/1.2 //(W/L) ratio of PMOS transistor +W_to_L_NMOS=1.8/1.2 //(W/L) ratio of NMOS transistor +//DC Parameters: +V_ol=0 //Output lowel level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_oh=5 //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +Vtn=0.74 //Threshold voltage of NMOS in volts(V) +Vtp=-0.74 //Threshold voltage of PMOS in volts(V) + +//Outputs +//To obtain Vih,the following equations have to be solved: +//Kn*[(V_ih-Vtn)*Vout-(((Vout)^2)/2)]=(Kp/2)*[Vdd-V_ih-|Vtp|]^2 which yeilds: +V_ih=2.92 //Input high level transition voltage in volts(V) +Vout=0.42 //Output voltage in volts(V) +NM_H=V_oh-V_ih //Noise margin for logic high in volts(V) +//Similary,for V_il +V_il=2.06 //Input low level transition voltage in volts(V) +NM_L=V_il-V_ol //Noise margin for logic low in volts(V) +//Given that r=1.01 where r=(sqrt(Kp´/Kn´)) +r=1.01 +Vm=((r*(Vdd-abs(Vtp))+Vtn)/(1+r)) //Inverter threshold in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nInput high level transition voltage V_ih: %.2f volts",V_ih); +mprintf("\nOutput voltage Vout: %.2f volts",Vout); +mprintf("\nNoise margin for logic high NM_H: %.2f volts",NM_H); +mprintf("\nInput low level transition voltage V_il: %.2f volts",V_il); +mprintf("\nNoise margin for logic low NM_L: %.2f volts",NM_L); +mprintf("\nInverter threshold Vm: %.2f volts",Vm); + +//Outputs +//Input high level transition voltage V_ih: 2.92 volts +//Output voltage Vout: 0.42 volts +//Noise margin for logic high NM_H: 2.08 volts +//Input low level transition voltage V_il: 2.06 volts +//Noise margin for logic low NM_L: 2.06 volts +//Inverter threshold Vm: 2.51 volts + diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2eb893403 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Example 3.5, Page Number 130 +//Keq for a 5V CMOS Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +m=0.5 //Grading co-efficient is equal to (1/2) for abrupt junction and (1/3) for linear graded junction +phi_o=0.6 //Built in potential in volts(V) +Vcc=5 //Supply in volts(V) +V_high_NMOS_HL=-5 //High level transition voltage for NMOS during high to low transition in volts(V) +V_low_NMOS_HL=-2.5 //Low level transition voltage for NMOS during high to low transition in volts(V) +V_high_PMOS_HL=-2.5 //High level transition voltage for NMOS during high to low transition in volts(V) +V_low_PMOS_HL=0 //Low level transition voltage for NMOS during high to low transition in volts(V) + +V_high_NMOS_LH=0 //High level transition voltage for NMOS during low to high transition in volts(V) +V_low_NMOS_LH=-2.5 //Low level transition voltage for NMOS during low to high transition in volts(V) +V_high_PMOS_LH=-5 //High level transition voltage for NMOS during low to high transition in volts(V) +V_low_PMOS_LH=-2.5 //Low level transition voltage for NMOS during low to high transition in volts(V) + +//Outputs +Keq_NMOS_HL=-(phi_o^m)*[((phi_o-V_high_NMOS_HL)^(1-m))-((phi_o-V_low_NMOS_HL)^(1-m))]/((V_high_NMOS_HL-V_low_NMOS_HL)*(1-m)) //Device parameter for NMOS +Keq_PMOS_HL=-(phi_o^m)*[((phi_o-V_high_PMOS_HL)^(1-m))-((phi_o-V_low_PMOS_HL)^(1-m))]/((V_high_PMOS_HL-V_low_PMOS_HL)*(1-m)) //Device parameter for PMOS + +Keq_NMOS_LH=-(phi_o^m)*[((phi_o-V_high_NMOS_LH)^(1-m))-((phi_o-V_low_NMOS_LH)^(1-m))]/((V_high_NMOS_LH-V_low_NMOS_LH)*(1-m)) //Device parameter for NMOS +Keq_PMOS_LH=-(phi_o^m)*[((phi_o-V_high_PMOS_LH)^(1-m))-((phi_o-V_low_PMOS_LH)^(1-m))]/((V_high_PMOS_LH-V_low_PMOS_LH)*(1-m)) //Device parameter for PMOS + + +//Results +mprintf("\nKeq_be_NMOS_HL: %.20f",Keq_NMOS_HL); +mprintf("\nKeq_be_PMOS_HL: %.20f",Keq_PMOS_HL); +mprintf("\nKeq_be_NMOS_LH: %.20f",Keq_NMOS_LH); +mprintf("\nKeq_be_PMOS_LH: %.20f",Keq_PMOS_LH); + +//Outputs +//Keq_be_NMOS_HL: 0.37536968662700032000 +//Keq_be_PMOS_HL: 0.61105453575886848000 +//Keq_be_NMOS_LH: 0.61105453575886848000 +//Keq_be_PMOS_LH: 0.37536968662700032000 diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a591c7aba --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +//Example 3.6, Page Number 131 +//Capacitance of a 1.2µm CMOS Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +//Considering a minimum size symmetrical CMOS inverter with its parameters. +Vdd=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +lamda=0.6*(10^-6) //Channel modulation in metres(m) + +//Outputs +drain_area_NMOS=4*4*(lamda^2) //Drain area formed by metal-diffusion contact of NMOS in metre square(m^2) +rect_contact_gate_NMOS=3*(lamda^2) //Rectangle area between contact and gate of NMOS in metre square(m^2) +total_area_NMOS=drain_area_NMOS+rect_contact_gate_NMOS //Total area of layers of NMOS in metre square(m^2) +perimeter_drain_NMOS=15*lamda //Perimeter of drain in NMOS in metres(m) +sidewall_area_NMOS=19*(lamda^2) //sidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of NMOS in metre square(m^2) +perimeter_sidewall_NMOS=15*lamda //Perimeter of sidewall in NMOS in metres(m) +total_area_PMOS=45*(lamda^2) //Total area of layers of PMOS in metre square(m^2) +perimeter_drain_PMOS=19*lamda //Perimeter of drain in PMOS in metres(m) +sidewall_area_PMOS=45*(lamda^2) //sidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of PMOS in metre square(m^2) +perimeter_sidewall_PMOS=19*lamda //Perimeter of sidewall in PMOS in metres(m) + +//Results +mprintf("\nTotal area of layers of NMOS : %.14f (metres^2)",total_area_NMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter of drain in NMOS: %.7f metres",perimeter_drain_NMOS); +mprintf("\nsidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of NMOS sidewall_area_NMOS: %.14f metres",sidewall_area_NMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter of sidewall in NMOS perimeter_sidewall_NMOS: %.7f metres",perimeter_sidewall_NMOS); +mprintf("\nTotal area of layers of PMOS total_area_PMOS: %.14f (metres^2)",total_area_PMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter of drain in PMOS perimeter_drain_PMOS: %.7f metres",perimeter_drain_PMOS); +mprintf("\nsidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of PMOS sidewall_area_PMOS: %.14f (metres^2)",sidewall_area_PMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter of sidewall in PMOS perimeter_sidewall_PMOS: %.7f metres",perimeter_sidewall_PMOS); + + +//Outputs +//Total area of layers of NMOS total_area_NMOS : 0.00000000000684 (metres^2) *(or) 6.84µm^2 +//Perimeter of drain in NMOS perimeter_drain_NMOS: 0.0000090 metres (or) 9.00µm +//sidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of NMOS: 0.00000000000684 metres (or) 6.84µm^2 +//Perimeter of sidewall in NMOS perimeter_sidewall_NMOS: 0.0000090 metres (or) 9.0µm +//Total area of layers of PMOS total_area_PMOS: 0.00000000001620 (metres^2) (or) 16.20µm^2 +//Perimeter of drain in PMOS perimeter_drain_PMOS: 0.0000114 metres (or) 11.40µm +//sidewall area formed by metal-diffusion contact of PMOS sidewall_area_PMOS: 0.00000000001620 (metres^2) (or) 16.20µm^2 +//Perimeter of sidewall in PMOS perimeter_sidewall_PMOS: 0.0000114 metres (or) 11.40µm diff --git a/3905/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce b/3905/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8ee3c51b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Example 3.7, Page Number 135 +//Propogation Delay of a 1.2µm CMOS Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vgs=5 // Gate source voltage in volts(V) +Vds=5 //Drain source voltage in volts(V) +Vdd=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Wp=5.4*(10^-6) //PMOS Channel width in metres(m) +Wn=1.8*(10^-6) //NMOS Channel width in metres(m) +L_eff=0.9*(10^-6) //Effective channel length in metres(m) +Kn=19.6*(10^-6) //in A/V^2 +Kp=5.4*(10^-6) //in A/V^2 +lamda_p=0.19 //Channel modulation of PMOS in voltage inverse(V^-1) +lamda_n=0.06 //Channel modulation of NMOS in voltage inverse(V^-1) +Vt0=0.74 //Threshold voltage in volts(V) + +//Outputs +Idp_Vout_zero=(Kp/2)*(Wp/L_eff)*((Vgs-Vt0)^2)*(1+(lamda_p*Vds)) //Current through PMOS in amperes(A) when output voltage is zero +Idp_Vout=Kp*(Wp/L_eff)*((Vgs-Vt0)*(Vdd/2)-((Vdd)^2)/8) //Current through PMOS in amperes(A) when output voltage is not zero +Idn_Vout_zero=(Kn/2)*(Wn/L_eff)*((Vgs-Vt0)^2)*(1+(lamda_n*Vds)) //Current through NMOS in amperes(A) when output voltage is zero +Idn_Vout=Kn*(Wn/L_eff)*((Vgs-Vt0)*(Vdd/2)-((Vdd)^2)/8) //Current through NMOS in amperes(A) when output voltage is zero + +//Results +mprintf("\nCurrent through PMOS Idp(Vout=0): %.6f amperes",Idp_Vout_zero); +mprintf("\nCurrent through PMOS Idp(Vout=2.5): %.6f amperes",Idp_Vout); +mprintf("\nCurrent through NMOS Idn(Vout=0): %.6f amperes",Idn_Vout_zero); +mprintf("\nCurrent through NMOS Idn(Vout=2.5): %.6f amperes",Idn_Vout); + +//Outputs +//Current through PMOS Idp(Vout=0): 0.000573 amperes (or) 0.573mA +//Current through PMOS Idp(Vout=2.5): 0.000244 amperes (or) 0.244mA +//Current through NMOS Idn(Vout=0): 0.000462 amperes (or) 0.46.2mA +//Current through NMOS Idn(Vout=2.5): 0.000295 amperes (or) 0.295mA diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..31077c8c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 4.12, Page Number 229 +//Charge Redistribution +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vdd=-5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +//When top three transistors of the PDN are enabled and the internal capacitance hold diffusion and gate capacitance of neighbouring transistors. +C_internal=8.78*(10^-15) //Internal capacitane in farads(F) +Cl=25*(10^-15) //Load capacitane in farads(F) + +//Outputs +delta_V=-Vdd*(C_internal/(C_internal+Cl)) //Total output voltage drop in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nTotal output voltage drop delta_V: %.2f volts",delta_V); + +//Outputs +//Total output voltage drop delta_V: 1.30 volts + + diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ba3dd0208 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Example 4.18, Page Number 251 +//Optimizing Switching Activity at the Logic Level +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +P_A=0.5 //Transition probability of input signal '(A=1)' +P_B=0.2 //Transition probability of input signal '(B=1)' +P_C=0.1 //Transition probability of input signal '(C=1)' + +//Outputs +//As both the circuits implememt identical logic functionality, the output node 'Z' is equal in both the cases.So, difference in activity occurs at intermediate nodes: +Activity_first=(1-(P_A*P_B))*(P_A*P_B) //Switching activity of first circuit +Activity_second=(1-(P_B*P_C))*(P_B*P_C) //Switching activity of second circuit + +//Results +mprintf("\nSwitching activity of first circuit : %.2f",Activity_first); +mprintf("\nSwitching activity of second circuit : %.4f",Activity_second) + +//From the results we get to learn that it is benificial to postpone the introduction of signals with higher transition rate(i.e signals with signal probability close to ) + +//Outputs +//Switching activity of first circuit : 0.09 +//Switching activity of second circuit : 0.0196 + diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f98aaefb --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Example 4.2, Page Number 194 +//Computing Ron +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vdd=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +//Values from table 3.3, Pg no:136 +Id_n1=0.46*(10^-3) //Drain current in NMOS when (Vout=Vdd) in amperes(A) +Id_n2=0.29*(10^-3) //Drain current in NMOS when (Vout=Vdd/2) in amperes(A) +Id_p1=0.57*(10^-3) //Drain current in PMOS when (Vout=Vdd) in amperes(A) +Id_p2=0.24*(10^-3) //Drain current in PMOS when (Vout=Vdd) in amperes(A) + +//Outputs +Rn1=(1/2)*((Vdd/Id_n1)+(Vdd/(2*Id_n2))) //Resistance when (W/Leff =2) in ohms(Ω) +Rn2=Rn1*2 //Resistance when (W/Leff =1) in ohms(Ω) +Rp1=(1/2)*((Vdd/Id_p1)+(Vdd/(2*Id_p2))) //Resistance when (W/Leff =6) in ohms(Ω) +Rp2=Rp1*6 //Resistance when (W/Leff =1) in ohms(Ω) + + +//Results +mprintf("\nResistance when (W/Leff =2) Rn1 : %.1f ohms",Rn1); +mprintf("\nResistance when (W/Leff =1) Rn2 : %.1f ohms",Rn2); +mprintf("\nResistance when (W/Leff =6) Rp1 : %.1f ohms",Rp1); +mprintf("\nResistance when (W/Leff =1) Rp1 : %.1f ohms",Rp2); + +//Outputs +//Resistance when (W/Leff =2) Rn1 : 9745.1 ohms (or) 9.7451 kΩ +//Resistance when (W/Leff =1) Rn2 : 19490.2 ohms(or) 19.4902 kΩ +//Resistance when (W/Leff =6) Rp1 : 9594.2 ohms (or) 9.5942 kΩ +//Resistance when (W/Leff =1) Rp1 : 57565.7 ohms (or) 57.5657 kΩ diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..93745e5e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Example 4.3, Page Number 200 +//A Four-Input Complimentary CMOS NAND Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +//Parameter Values for 1.2µm CMOS process +lamda_NMOS=0.06 //Channel modulation in volt inverse(1/V) +lamda_PMOS=0.19 //Channel modulation in volt inverse(1/V) + +//Outputs +Area_PMOS=108*(lamda_PMOS^2) //Area of PMOS in micro metre square(µm^2) +Perimeter_PMOS=24*lamda_PMOS //Perimeter of PMOS in micro metre(µm) +Area_NMOS=37*(lamda_NMOS^2) //Area of NMOS in micro metre square(µm^2) +Perimeter_NMOS=27*lamda_NMOS //Perimeter of NMOS in micro metre(µm) + +//Results +mprintf("\nArea of PMOS: %.2f µm^2",Area_PMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter_PMOS: %.2f µm",Perimeter_PMOS); +mprintf("\nArea of NMOS: %.2f µm^2",Area_NMOS); +mprintf("\nPerimeter_NMOS: %.2f µm",Perimeter_NMOS); + + +//Outputs +//Area of PMOS: 3.90 µm^2 +//Perimeter_PMOS: 4.56 µm +//Area of NMOS: 0.13 µm^2 +//Perimeter_NMOS: 1.62 µm + diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..54a54c9ed --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Example 4.7, Page Number 214 +//Resistance of a Transmission Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +//Parameter Values for 1.2µm CMOS process +Vdd=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Kn=19.6*(10^-6) //in ampere per volt square(A/V^2) +Kp=5.4*(10^-6) //in ampere per volt square(A/V^2) +Vtn=0.743 //Threshold voltage of NMOS in volts(V) +Vtp1=-0.739 //Threshold voltage of PMOS in volts(V) +Vtp=abs(Vtp1) + +//Outputs +Geq=((Kn*((Vdd-Vtn)^2))+(Kp*((Vdd-Vtp)^2)))/(2*Vdd) //Equivalent conductance in mho +Req=1/Geq //Equivalent resistance in ohms(Ω) + +//Results +mprintf("\nEquivalent conductance Geq : %.7f mho",Geq); +mprintf("\nEquivalent resistance Req : %.4f ohms",Req); + +//Output +//Equivalent conductance Geq : 0.0000453 mho (or) 45.3 pico mho +//Equivalent resistance Req : 22063.5990 ohms (or) 22.063 KΩ + +//Wrong Answer. +//Answer would be correct if formula is modified as (Replacing (2*Vdd) by (Vdd)) : +//Geq=((Kn*((Vdd-Vtn)^2))+(Kp*((Vdd-Vtp)^2)))/(Vdd) + +//Output when equation is modified: +//Equivalent conductance Geq : 0.0000906 mho (or)90.6 pico mho +//Equivalent resistance Req : 11031.7995 ohms(or) 11.031 KΩ diff --git a/3905/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce b/3905/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a1aff87c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Example 4.8, Page Number 216 +//Pass-Transistor Chain +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +//Parameter Values for 1.2µm CMOS process +Req=10*(10^3) //Equivalent resistance in ohms(Ω) +C=10*(10^-15) //Capacitance in farads(F) +tp_buf=0.5*(10^-9) //Propogation delay of each buffer in seconds(secs) + +//Outputs +m_opt=1.7*(sqrt(tp_buf/(C*Req))) //Optimal number of switches between buffers + +//Results +mprintf("\nOptimal number of switches between buffers m_opt : %.2f",m_opt); + +//Output +//Optimal number of switches between buffers m_opt : 3.80 + + + + diff --git a/3905/CH5/EX5.10/Ex5_10.sce b/3905/CH5/EX5.10/Ex5_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2601a8bfd --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH5/EX5.10/Ex5_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Example 5.10, Page Number 305 +//GaAs MESFET Current-Voltage Characteristics +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vgs=0.5 //Gate-Source voltage in volts(V) +Vds=2 //Drain-Source voltage in volts(V) +beta_enhancement=250*(10^-6) //ß=250*(10^-6) for Enhancement MESFET in Area per Voltage aquare(A/V**2) +lamda=0.2 //Channel modulation constant in volt inverse(1/V) +alpha=6.5 //Transistor parameter in inverese volt(V) and alpha=6.5 for enhancement MOSFET. +Vp=0.23 //Pinch-Off voltage in volts(V) +W=4*(10^-6) //Depletion region width +L=1*(10^-6) //Depletion region length +delta_W=0.15*(10^-6) //Change in Depletion region width +delta_L=0.4*(10^-6) //Change in Depletion region length +Weff=W-delta_W //Effective depletion region width +Leff=L-delta_L //Effective depletion region length + +//Outputs +Id=(Weff/Leff)*beta_enhancement*((Vgs-Vp)^2)*(1+(lamda*Vds))*tanh(alpha*Vds) //Drain current in amperes(A) + +//Results +mprintf("\nDrain current Id: %.7f amperes",Id); + +//Output +//Drain current Id: 0.0001637 amperes (or) 163.7 µA + + diff --git a/3905/CH5/EX5.13/Ex5_13.sce b/3905/CH5/EX5.13/Ex5_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1a295fcb2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH5/EX5.13/Ex5_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Example 5.13, Page Number 310 +//MESFET Source-Follower +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vd_on=0.7 //Forward bias diode voltage in volts(V) +V_oh=-1.3 //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_ol=-1.7 //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +Vgs=0.5 //Gate-Source voltage in volts(V) +Vds=0.8 //Drain-Source voltage in volts(V) +beta_enhancement=250*(10^-6) //ß=250*(10^-6) for Enhancement MESFET in Area per Voltage aquare(A/V**2) +lamda=0.2 //Channel modulation constant in volt inverse(1/V) +alpha=6.5 // +Vout=-1.5 //Output voltage at midpoint of voltage swing in volts(V) +Vp=0.23 //Pinch-Off voltage in volts(V) +Weff_to_Leff=10 //Width to length ratio of depletion region + +//Outputs +Isf=(Weff_to_Leff)*beta_enhancement*((Vgs-Vp)^2)*(1+(lamda*Vds))*tanh(alpha*Vds) //Drain Source current in amperes(A) + +//Results +mprintf("\nDrain current Isf: %.5f amperes",Isf); +//For this value of current,the voltage drop over the source follower is virtually constant over complete range of voltage interest. + +//Output +//Drain current Isf: 0.00021 amperes (or) 0.21 mA + + diff --git a/3905/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce b/3905/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..917b1bc33 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Example 5.3, Page Number 277 +//Differential ECL Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Iee=400*(10^-6) //Emitter current supply in amperes(A) +Rc=625 //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) + +//Outputs +Voltage_swing=Iee*Rc //Output voltage swing in volts(V) +P_consm=Iee*Vcc //Static power consumption in watts(W) + +//Results +mprintf("\nOutput logic swing: %.2f volts",Voltage_swing); +mprintf("\nStatic power consumption: %.4f watts",P_consm); + +//Outputs +//Output logic swing: 0.25 volts +//Static power consumption: 0.0020 watts (or) 2mW + diff --git a/3905/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce b/3905/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fc4b23653 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +//Example 5.4, Page Number 279 +//CML Gate Characteristics +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=0 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vee=-1.7 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +phi_t=26*(10^-3) //Thermal voltage in volts(A) +Vref=-0.05 //Reference voltage in volts(V) +Iee=0.4*(10^-3) //Emitter current supply in amperes(A) +Rc=625 //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +V_ih=-0.085 //Input high level transition voltage using unity gain definition in volts(V) +V_il=-0.165 //Input low level transition voltage using unity gain definition in volts(V) +Vbe_on=0 //Base-Emitter voltage in volts(V) +//Vbe_on is zeo as Ic=Is (Vbe_on=Φt*log(Ic/Is)) i.e (log(1)=0) +C_fanout=60*(10^-15) //Fanout capacitance in farads(F) +C_cs1=47*(10^-15) //Collector-Source junction capacitance in farads(F) +C_bc1=22*(10^-15) //Base-collector junction capacitance in farads(F) +Cc=((0.67*C_cs1)+(2*1.01*C_bc1)) //Collector capacitance in farads(F) +//Cbc1 is accounted twice to incoprate miller effect + + +//Outputs +Vswing=Iee*Rc //Output voltage swing in volts(V) +V_oh=Vcc-Vbe_on //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_ol=Vcc-Vbe_on-(Vswing) //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +NM_H=V_oh-V_ih //Noise margin of high level transition in volts(V) +NM_L=V_il-V_ol //Noise margin of low level transition in volts(V) +Cl=C_fanout+Cc //Output capacitance in farads(F) +tp=0.69*Rc*Cl //Propogation delay in seconds(secs) +Pstat=(abs(Vee)*Iee) //Static output power in watts(W) +Pdyn=Cl*(Vcc-Vee)*(Vswing/tp) //Dynamic output power in watts(W) + +//Results +mprintf("\nOutput voltage swing : %.2f volts",Vswing); +mprintf("\nVbe_oh: %.2f volts",V_oh); +mprintf("\nVbe_ol: %.2f volts",V_ol); +mprintf("\nVbe_ih: %.2f volts",V_ih); +mprintf("\nVbe_il: %.2f volts",V_il); +mprintf("\nNoise margin of high level transition: %.2f volts",NM_H); +mprintf("\nNoise margin of low level transition: %.2f volts",NM_L); +mprintf("\nOutput capacitance: %.16f farads",Cl); +mprintf("\nPropogation delay: %.13f seconds",tp); +mprintf("\nStatic output power: %.4f watts",Pstat); +mprintf("\nDynamic output power: %.4f watts",Pdyn); + +//Outputs +//Output voltage swing : 0.25 volts +//Vbe_oh: 0.00 volts +//Vbe_ol: -0.25 volts +//Vbe_ih: -0.09 volts +//Vbe_il: -0.17 volts +//Noise margin of high level transition: 0.09 volts +//Noise margin of low level transition: 0.08 volts +//Output capacitance: 0.0000000000001359 farads (or) 135.9 fF +//Propogation delay: 0.0000000000586 seconds (or) 58.6 picosecs +//Static output power: 0.0007 watts (or) 0.7 mW +//Dynamic output power: 0.0010 watts (or) 1.0 mW diff --git a/3905/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce b/3905/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..185dc8178 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Example 5.5, Page Number 285 +//VTC of an NTL Gate +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=1.9 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Rc=2 //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +Re=0.5*(10^3) //Emitter resistance in ohms(Ω) +Vbe_on=0.75 //Base-Emitter forward bias voltage in volts(V) + +//Outputs +//A large value of ratio (-Rc/Re) enchances the voltage gain and noise margin,but increases gate delay.So,(Rc=2*Re) is a good compromise.Under these conditions V_ol evaluates as +V_ol=3*Vbe_on-Vcc //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_oh=Vcc-Vbe_on ////Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +Signal_swing=2*Vcc-4*Vbe_on //Signal swing in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nVbe_oh: %.2f volts",V_oh); +mprintf("\nVbe_ol: %.2f volts",V_ol); +mprintf("\nSignal swing : %.2f volts",Signal_swing); + +//Outputs +//Vbe_oh: 1.15 volts +//Vbe_ol: 0.35 volts +//Signal swing : 0.80 volts diff --git a/3905/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/3905/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..98b607b76 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Example 6.3, Page Number 346 +//ECL SR Flip-Flop +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vbe_on=0.7 //Forward Base-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +Vbe_sat=0.8 //Saturated Base-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +Vce_sat=0.1 //Saturated Collector-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +beta_f=100 //Forward current gain +Vcc=0 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +Vee=-3.5 //Emmiter voltage in volts(V) +//Collector current is set to 0.5mA +Ic1=0.5*(10^-3) //Collector current in amperes(A) + +//Outputs +Vb1=Vcc-Vbe_on //Base voltage of Q1 in volts(V) +Ve1=Vb1-Vbe_on //Emitter voltage of Q1 in volts(V) +Re=(Ve1-Vee)/Ic1 //Emitter resistance in ohms(Ω) +//Solving the below equations gives relation between Re and Rc: +//Vc1=Vcc-(Ic1*Rc) +//Vq_compliment=Vc1-Vbe_on +//Vq_compliment=Vcc-(Rc/Re)*(Vcc-(2*Vbe_on)-Vee)-Vbe_on +Rc=Re/4.2 //Collector resistance in ohms(Ω) +//The absolute values of Rc,Re and Rb are determined by desired current levels and the required transient response time + +//Results +mprintf("\nEmitter resistance Re: %.1f ohms(Ω)",Re); +mprintf("\nCollector resistance Re: %.1f ohms(Ω)",Rc); + +//Outputs +//Emitter resistance Re: 4200.0 ohms(Ω) (or) 4.2kΩ +//Collector resistance Re: 1000.0 ohms(Ω) (or) 1kΩ + + diff --git a/3905/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/3905/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77808f973 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +//Example 6.5, Page Number 366 +//Emitter-Coupled Schmitt Trigger +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vbe_on=0.7 //Forward Base-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +Vbe_sat=0.8 //Saturated Base-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +Vce_sat=0.1 //Saturated Collector-Emitter voltage on volts(V) +beta_f=100 //Forward current gain +Vcc=5 //Supply voltage in volts(V) +R1=4*(10^3) //Collecor resitance of transistor Q1 in ohms(Ω) +R2=2.5*(10^3) //Collecor resitance of transistor Q2 in ohms(Ω) +Re=1*(10^3) //Emitter resitance in ohms(Ω) + + +//Outputs +V_oh=Vcc //Output high level transition voltage in volts(V) +R1_parallel_R2= (R1*R2)/(R1+R2) +Ve_M_plus=Vcc*Re/(Re+(R1_parallel_R2)) //Emitter voltage during low to high transition in volts(V) +V_ol=Ve_M_plus+Vce_sat //Output low level transition voltage in volts(V) +V_M_plus=Ve_M_plus+Vbe_on //Switching threshold during low to high transition in volts(V) +Ve_M_minus=((Vcc*Re)/(R1+Re)) //Emitter voltage during high to low transition in volts(V) +V_M_minus=Ve_M_minus+Vbe_on //Switching threshold during high to low transition in volts(V) + + +//Results +mprintf("\nOutput high level transition voltage V_oh: %.4f volts",V_oh); +mprintf("\nOutput low level transition voltage V_ol: %.4f volts",V_ol); +mprintf("\nSwitching threshold during low to high transition V_M_plus: %.4f volts",V_M_plus); +mprintf("\nSwitching threshold during high to low transition V_M_minus: %.2f volts",V_M_minus); + +//Outputs +//Output high level transition voltage V_oh: 5.0000 volts +//Output low level transition voltage V_ol: 2.0697 volts +//Switching threshold during low to high transition V_M_plus: 2.6697 volts +//Switching threshold during high to low transition V_M_minus: 1.70 volts diff --git a/3905/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce b/3905/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7a4aef9a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Example 6.7, Page Number 372 +//Current-Starved Inverter +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vgs=5 //Gate-Source voltage in volts(V) +beta_depletion=19.6*(10^-6) //ß=19.6*(10^-6) for Depletion FET in Area per Voltage square(A/V**2) +lamda=0.2 //Channel modulation constant in volt inverse(1/V) +Vp=0.74 //Pinch-Off voltage in volts(V) +Weff1=1.8 //Effective depletion region width +Leff=0.9 //Effective depletion region length +Weff2=9 //Effective depletion region width + +//Outputs +//Maximum current of minimum-size inverter is given by below relation: +Isat=0.5*(Weff1/Leff)*beta_depletion*((Vgs-Vp)^2) //Saturation current in amperes(A) +//Maximum current of minimum-size control transistor M3 is given by below relation: +Vcontr=sqrt((Isat/(0.5*(Weff2/Leff)*beta_depletion)))-Vp //Control voltage of transistor M3 in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nSaturation current: %.7f amperes",Isat); +mprintf("\ncontrol voltage: %.2f volts",Vcontr); + +//Outputs +//Saturation current: 0.0003556929600 amperes (or) 355.7µA +//control voltage: 1.17 volts + + diff --git a/3905/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce b/3905/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..991d2c924 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Example 7.2, Page Number 391 +//Static Adder Design +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +tab_c0=1.63*(10^-9) //Delay to generate carry output for inputs in seconds(secs) +tci_c0=0.32*(10^-9) //Delay to generate carry output for input carry in seconds(secs) +tci_s=1*(10^-9) //Delay to generate sum output for input carry in seconds(secs) +N=32 //Number of bit adder + +//Outputs +tadd=tab_c0+(N-2)*tci_c0+tci_s //Adder delay in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nAdder delay tadd: %.11f seconds",tadd); + +//Output +//Adder delay tadd : 0.00000001223 seconds (or) 12.23 nsecs + diff --git a/3905/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce b/3905/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..986bb830a --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 7.4, Page Number 394 +//Transistor Sizing in the Manchester Carry Chain +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +//The worst case delay of the carry chain adder can be modelled by linear RC network. +R=20*(10^3) //Linearized on-resistance of RC network in ohms(Ω) +C=20*(10^-15) //Linearized diffusion capacitance of RC network in ohms(Ω) + +//Outputs +//Propogation delay of RC network:tp=(0.69*(ΣCi)*(Σ*Rj)) +//Analysing equivalent network to determine propogation delay of carry chain +tp=0.69*C*(6*R+5*R+4*R+3*R+2*R+1*R) //Worst case propogation delay of adder circuit in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nWorst case propogation delay of adder circuit tp: %.10f seconds",tp); + +//Output +//Worst case propogation delay of adder circuit tp: 0.0000000058 seconds (or) 5.8 nsecs + diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c41ce947d --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Example 8.10, Page Number 474 +//Optimized Delay of RC Chain +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +L=5*(10^-3) //Length of wire in metres(m) +tp_buf=0.5*(10^-9) //Propogation delay of buffer in seconds(secs) +//Resistance is obtained from sheet resistance of polysilicon with tolerance. +R=95*((10000)^2) //Resistance of RC network in ohms(Ω) +//Capacitance ontained from summing fringing and interconnect capacitances for polysilicon wire: +C=0.15*(10^-12) //Capacitance of network in farads(F) + +//Outputs +M=L*sqrt((0.38*R*C)/tp_buf) //Number of buffer sections +tp=0.38*R*C*(((L/M)^2)*M)+(M-1)*tp_buf //Propogation delay of distributed RC network in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nNumber of buffer sections M: %.4f",M); +mprintf("\nPropogation delay of distributed RC network tp: %.12f seconds",tp); + +//Output +//Number of buffer sections M: 5.2034 +//Propogation delay of distributed RC network tp: 0.000000004703 seconds (or) 4.703 nsecs + diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8eec7e0e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Example 8.13, Page Number 478 +//Noise Induced by Inductive Bonding Wires and Package Pins +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Cl=20*(10^-12) //Driving load capacitance in farads(F) +V_swing=5 //Voltage swing in volts(V) +tf=0.9 //Final output reach in seconds(secs) +ti=0.1 //Initial output reach in seconds(secs) +tr=4*(10^-9) //Rise time in seconds(secs) +L=10*(10^-9) //Series inductance in henry(H) +dt=2*(10^-9) //Output swing time in seconds(secs) +Ip=40*(10^-3) //Peak current in amperes(A) + +//Outputs +Iavg=(Cl*(tf-ti)*V_swing)/tr //Average curremt to drive output in amperes(A) +Vl=L*(Ip/dt) //Voltage drop across inductor in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nPropogation delay of distributed RC network: %.4f amperes",Iavg); +mprintf("\nVoltage drop across inductor: %.1f volts",Vl); + +//Outputs +//Propogation delay of distributed RC network: 0.0200 amperes (or) 20 mA +//Voltage drop across inductor: 0.2 volts diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.16/Ex8_16.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.16/Ex8_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..055dcfd2a --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.16/Ex8_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Example 8.16, Page Number 489 +//Capacitive Termination +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Z0=50 //Characteristic impedance of the line in ohms(Ω) +Cl=2*(10^-12) //Capacitive load in farads(F) +//Outputs +//The output rises to its final value with time constant: +tou=Z0*Cl //Time constant in seconds(secs) +t_charge=0.69*Z0*Cl //Time to charge the capacitance in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nTime constant Γ: %.13f seconds",tou); +mprintf("\nTime to charge the capacitance: %.13f seconds",t_charge); + +//Outputs +//Time constant tou: 0.0000000001000 seconds (or) 100.0 psecs +//Time to charge the capacitance: 0.0000000000690 seconds (or) 69.0 psecs diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.18/Ex8_18.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.18/Ex8_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2aed8c7f --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.18/Ex8_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 8.18, Page Number 500 +//Thermal Bounds on Integration +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +delta_T=100 //Maximum temperature difference between chip and environment in degree celsius(C) +theta=2.5 //Thermal resistance between chip and environment in celsius per watt(C/W) +E=0.1*(10^-12) //Switching energy of each gate in joule(J) + +//Outputs +Ng_to_tp=(delta_T/(theta*E)) //Ratio of ()Ng=Number of gates on chip,tp=Propgation delay) in gates per seconds(Gate/secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nMaximum number of gates on chip when all gates are simultaneously: %.1f gates per second",Ng_to_tp); + +//Output +//Maximum number of gates on chip when all gates are simultaneously: 400000000000000.0 or 4*(10^5) gates/nanoseconds diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1bb5cdb2e --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Example 8.2, Page Number 444 +//Capacitance of Metal Wire +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +L=10*(10^-2) //Length of wire in metres(m) +W=4*(10^-6) //Width of wire in metres(m) +C_layer=0.031*((10^-15)/(10^-12)) //Interconnect layer capacitance per unit area between metal1 and substrate in farads per metre square(F/m^2) +C_fring=0.044*((10^-15)/(10^-6)) //Fringing capacitance between metal1 and substrate in farads per metre(F/m) + +//Outputs +C_area=L*W*C_layer //Total area capacitance in farads(F) +C_fringing=L*2*C_fring //Total fringing capacitance in farads(F) +//Factor '2' in C_fringing is to consider two sides of the wire. +C_total=C_area+C_fringing //Total capacitance in farads(F) + +//Results +mprintf("\nTotal area capacitance C_area: %.13f farads",C_area); +mprintf("\nTotal fringing capacitance C_fringing: %.13f farads",C_fringing); +mprintf("\nTotal capacitance C_total: %.13f farads",C_total); + +//Outputs +//Total area capacitance C_area: 0.0000000000124 farads (or) 12.4 pF +//Total fringing capacitance C_fringing: 0.0000000000088 farads (or) 8.8 pF +//Total capacitance C_total: 0.0000000000212 farads (or) 21.2 pF diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5452569be --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Example 8.3, Page Number 446 +//Interwire Capacitance and Cross Talk +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +V=5 //Voltage transition on Y in volts(V) +//As computation of fringing effect in this case of overlapping wires is complex, we assume two sides of wire contribute and a voltage disturbance is combined with parasitic effects +Cx=25*(10^-15) //Capacitance at node 'x' in farads(F) +//Parasitic capacitance is given as (5*5*0.055fF+2*5*0.049fF) +Cxy=1.9*(10^-15) //Parasitic capacitance in farads(F) + +//Outputs +delta_Vx=(Cx/(Cx+Cxy))*V //Voltage drop on dynamic node in volts(V) +V_disturbance=V-delta_Vx //Voltage disturbance at dynamic node in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nVoltage drop at dynamic node delta_Vx: %.1f volts",delta_Vx); +mprintf("\nVoltage disturbance at dynamic node V_disturbance: %.1f volts",V_disturbance); + +//Output +//Voltage drop at dynamic node delta_Vx: 4.6 volts +//Voltage disturbance at dynamic node V_disturbance: 0.4 volts diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..00623a517 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 8.4, Page Number 453 +//Output Buffer Design +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Cl=20*(10^-12) //Off-chip capacitance in farads(F) +Ci=10*(10^-15) //Input capacitance in farads(F) +tpo=0.2*(10^-9) //Propogation delay of minimum size gate with single fanout in seconds(secs) +mu=2.96 //Scaling factor + +//Outputs +tp=mu*log(Cl/Ci)*tpo //Total propogation delay in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nTotal propogation delay tp: %.10f seconds",tp); + +//Output +//Total propogation delay tp: 0.0000000045 seconds (or) 4.5 nsecs + + diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cd6bbd46f --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//Example 8.6, Page Number 460 +//Cascode Charge-Redistribution Amplifier +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +Vcc=5 //Gate source voltage in volts(V) +Vtn=0.74 //Threshold voltage in volts(V) +Vref=5 //Reference voltage in volts(V) +Weff=1.8*(10^-6) //Effective width of +L=1.2*(10^-6) //Effective length of +delta_L=0.3*(10^-6) //Difference in effective length in metres(m) +Leff=L-delta_L //Effective length +kn=5.4*(10^-6) //Device parameter in Area per Voltage aquare(A/V**2) +Vt=0.74 //Threshold voltage in volts(V) + +//Outputs +Vout_high=Vcc //High voltage level of output node in volts(V) +Vbus_high=Vref-Vtn*(Vref) //High voltage level of output node in volts(V) +I_M3=(1/2)*(Weff/Leff)*kn*((Vcc-Vt)^2) //Drain current in transistor M3 amperes(A) +//The low voltages has to be solved iteratively due to body-effect factor.Equating I_M3 with I_M1 yiilds Vbus_low: +Vbus_low=0.63 //Low voltage level of output node in volts(V) +//The resulting voltage drop across M2(0.1volts) yields Vout_low: +Vout_low=0.63+0.1 //Low voltage level of output node in volts(V) + +//Results +mprintf("\nHigh voltage level of output node Vout_high: %.1f volts",Vout_high); +mprintf("\nHigh voltage level of bus node Vbus_high: %.1f volts",Vbus_high); +mprintf("\nDrain current in transistor M3 I_M3: %.8f amperes",I_M3); +mprintf("\nLow voltage level of bus node Vbus_low: %.2f volts",Vbus_low); +mprintf("\nLow voltage level of output node Vout_low: %.2f volts",Vout_low); + +//Outputs +//High voltage level of output node Vout_high: 5.0 volts +//High voltage level of bus node Vbus_high: 1.3 volts +//Drain current in transistor M3 I_M3: 0.00009800 amperes (or) 98µA +//Low voltage level of bus node Vbus_low: 0.63 volts +//Low voltage level of output node Vout_low: 0.73 volts + + diff --git a/3905/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce b/3905/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2830bd8dc --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 8.9, Page Number 473 +//RC Delay of Polysilicon Wire +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +L=1*(10^-3) //Length of wire in metres(m) +//Resistance is obtained by:R=(R_sheet*Length of wire)/(Width of wire) +R=10*((1000)^2) //Resistance of RC network in ohms(Ω) +C_layer=0.058*(10^-15) //Interconnect layer capacitance per unit area between metal1 and substrate in farads per metre square(F/m^2) +C_fring=0.043*(10^-15) //Fringing capacitance between metal1 and substrate in farads per metre(F/m) + +//Outputs +C=(C_layer+(2*C_fring)) //Total capacitance of wire in farads(F) +tp=0.38*R*C //Propogation delay of distributed RC network in seconds(secs) + +//Results +mprintf("\nPropogation delay of distributed RC network tp: %.11f seconds",tp); + +//Output +//Propogation delay of distributed RC network tp: 0.00000000055 seconds (or) 0.54 nsecs diff --git a/3905/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce b/3905/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..daa01ef07 --- /dev/null +++ b/3905/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +//Example 9.5, Page Number 537 +//Synchronizers and Mean Time-to-Failure +//Scilab 6.0.1 +//Windows 10 +clc; + +//Inputs +T_phi=10*(10^-9) //Sampling period in seconds(secs) +T1=10*(10^-9) //Waiting time in seconds(secs) +T2=20*(10^-9) //Waiting time in seconds(secs) +Tsignal=50*(10^-9) //Time period of the signal in seconds(secs) +tr=1*(10^-9) //Rise time in seconds(secs) +tou=310*(10^-12) //Time constant in seconds(secs) +Vswing=5 //Voltage swing of signal in volts(V) +V_transition=1 //Transition difference in volts(V){Vtransition=V_ih-V_il} + +//Outputs +P_init=((V_transition/Vswing)/Tsignal)*tr //Error probability in errors per second(Error/Sec) +N_sync1=(P_init*(exp(-T1/tou)))/T_phi //Averege number of synchronization errors per second for T1 in inverse seconds(errors/secs) +Mean_time_failure1=1/N_sync1 //Mean time to failure in seconds(secs) +//If wating period(T) is doubled: +N_sync2=(P_init*(exp(-T2/tou)))/T_phi //Averege number of synchronization errors per second for T2 in inverse seconds(errors/secs) +Mean_time_failure2=1/N_sync2 //Mean time to failure in seconds(secs) + +//For a typical CMOS inverter with voltage swing of 5V, the V_IH-V_IL computed is 1V +//Results +//in seconds +mprintf("\nAverege number of synchronization errors per second N_sync1: %.9f errors/sec",N_sync1); +mprintf("\nMean time to failure for waiting time T1 Mean_time_failure1: %.1f seconds",Mean_time_failure1); +//If no synchronizer was used, the MTF would only have been 2.5 µsecs! + +//in years +mprintf("\nMean time to failure for waiting time T1 Mean_time_failure1(in years): %.2f years",Mean_time_failure1/(365*24*60*60)); +mprintf("\nMean time to failure for waiting time T2 Mean_time_failure2(in years): %.2f years",Mean_time_failure2/(365*24*60*60)); + +//Outputs +//Averege number of synchronization errors per second N_sync1: 0.000000004 errors/sec +//Mean time to failure for waiting time T1 Mean_time_failure1: 255528546.7 seconds (or) 2.55 X 10^8 secs +//Mean time to failure for waiting time T1 Mean_time_failure1(in years): 8.10 years +//Mean time to failure for waiting time T2 Mean_time_failure2(in years): 828194294345529.87 years (or) 8.2 X 10^14 years -- cgit