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{
"metadata": {
"name": "ch_10"
},
"nbformat": 2,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h1>Chapter 10: Phase locked loop<h1>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example 10.1, Page No: 429<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"fs=20000.0 #Signal frequency in hertz",
"fr=21000.0 #Free running frquency in hertz",
"VCOf=4000.0 #V/F transfer coefficient of VCO in Khz/V",
"",
"#Calculation:",
"Vcd=(fr-fs)/VCOf #Calculating change in DC control voltage",
"",
"#Result:",
"print('Vcd= %.2f V'%Vcd)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Vcd= 0.25 V"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example No. 10.2, Page No: 430<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"",
"#Part A",
"#Variable Ceclaration:",
"R1=15.0*10**3 #Resistance in ohm",
"R3=15.0*10**3 #Resistance in ohm",
"R2=2.2*10**3 #Resistance in ohm",
"C1=0.001*10**-6 #Capacitance in farad",
"Vcc=12.0 #Voltage in volt",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"Vc=Vcc*(R3/(R2+R3)) #Calculating volatage in Vc",
"fo1=2*(Vcc-Vc)/(C1*R1*Vcc) #Calculating frequency",
"fo1n=fo1/1000.0 #Calculating frequency",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nVc= %.3f V'%Vc)",
"print('\\nFo= %.2f kHz'%fo1n)",
"",
"#Part B",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"Vc1=7.0",
"Vc2=8.0",
"",
"#Calculation:",
"fo2=2*(Vcc-Vc1)/(C1*R1*Vcc) #Calculating frequency",
"fo2n=fo2/1000.0 #Calculating frequency",
"",
"fo3=2*(Vcc-Vc2)/(C1*R1*Vcc) #Calculating frequency",
"fo3n=fo3/1000.0 #Calculating frequency",
"",
"fch=fo2n-fo3n #Calculating chane in output frequency",
" ",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nFo= %.3f kHz'%fo2n)",
"print('\\nFo= %.3f kHz'%fo3n)",
"print('\\nChange in output frequency= %.3f kHz'%fch)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Vc= 10.465 V",
"",
"Fo= 17.05 kHz",
"",
"Fo= 55.556 kHz",
"",
"Fo= 44.444 kHz",
"",
"Change in output frequency= 11.111 kHz"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example No. 10.3, Page No: 438<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"import math",
"fo=100.0*10**3 #Frequency in hertz",
"C=2.0*10**-6 #Capacitance in farad",
"Vcc=6.0 #Voltage in volt",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"fld=7.8*fo/(2*Vcc) #Calculating lock frequency",
"fldn=fld/1000.0 #Calculating lock frequency",
"LR=2.0*fldn #Calculating lock range",
"",
"fcd=math.sqrt(fld/(C*2*math.pi*3.6*10**3))#Calculating capture frequency ",
"fcdn=fcd/1000.0 #Calculating capture frequency",
"CR=2*fcdn #Calculating capature range ",
"",
"R1=12.0*10**3",
"C1=1.2/(4*R1*fo) #Calculating value of capacitance ",
"C1n=C1*10**12 #Calculating value of capacitance",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nDelta FL= +/- %d kHz'%fldn)",
"print('\\nLock Range= %d kHz'%LR)",
"print('\\nDelta FC= +/- %.3f kHz'%fcdn)",
"print('\\nCapture Range= %.3f kHz'%CR)",
"print('\\nC1= %d pF'%C1n)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Delta FL= +/- 65 kHz",
"",
"Lock Range= 130 kHz",
"",
"Delta FC= +/- 1.199 kHz",
"",
"Capture Range= 2.397 kHz",
"",
"C1= 250 pF"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example No. 10.4, Page No: 438<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"import math",
"R1=15000.0 #Resistance in ohm",
"C1=0.01*10**-6 #Capacitance in farad",
"C=1*10**-6 #Capacitance in farad",
"V=12.0 #Voltage in volt",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"fo=1.2/(4*R1*C1) #Calculating output frequency ",
"fon=fo*10**-3 #Calculating output frequency",
"LR=7.8*fo/V #Calculating lock range",
"LR1=LR/1000.0 #Calculating lock range",
"fcd=math.sqrt(LR/(C*2*math.pi*3.6*1000)) #Calculating delta for capture frequency",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nCentre frequency of VCO is= %.2f kHz'%fon)",
"print('\\nLock Range = +/- %.1f kHz'%LR1)",
"print('\\nDelta FC= %.2f Hz'%fcd)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Centre frequency of VCO is= 2.00 kHz",
"",
"Lock Range = +/- 1.3 kHz",
"",
"Delta FC= 239.73 Hz"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example No. 10.5, Page No: 439<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"import math",
"C1=470.0*10**-12 #Capacitance value in farad",
"C=20.0*10**-6 #Capacitance value in farad",
"V=12.0 #Voltage in volt",
"R1=15000.0 #Resistance in ohm",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"fo=1.2/(4*R1*C1) #Calculating centre frequency of the VCO",
"fon=fo/1000.0 #Calculating centre frequency of the VCO",
"",
"LR=7.8*fo/V #Calculating lock range ",
"LR1=LR/1000.0 #Calculating lock range",
"fcd=math.sqrt(LR/(C*2*math.pi*3.6*1000)) #Calculating capture range ",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nCentre frequency of VCO is= %.3f kHz'%fon)",
"print('\\nLock Range = +/- %.2f kHz'%LR1)",
"print('\\nDelta FC= +/- %.2f Hz'%fcd)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Centre frequency of VCO is= 42.553 kHz",
"",
"Lock Range = +/- 27.66 kHz",
"",
"Delta FC= +/- 247.27 Hz"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example No. 10.6, Page No: 439<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"fr=300.0 #Free running frequency in hertz",
"bw=50.0 #Bandwidth in hertz",
"ip=320.0 #input signal frequency in hertz",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"pdop=fr+ip #Calculating phase detector output",
"difr=ip-fr #Calculating difference frequency",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nPhase detector output= %d kHz'%pdop)",
"print('\\nDifference Frequency= %d kHz'%difr)",
"print('\\nAs Bandwidth is greater than difference frequency,')",
"print('\\nPLL can acquire lock')"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Phase detector output= 620 kHz",
"",
"Difference Frequency= 20 kHz",
"",
"As Bandwidth is greater than difference frequency,",
"",
"PLL can acquire lock"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"<h3>Example no. 10.7, Page No: 440<h3>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"",
"#Variable Declaration:",
"import math",
"C1=0.01*10**-6 #Capacitance value in farad",
"C=0.04*10**-6 #Capacitance value in farad",
"V=12.0 #Voltage in volt",
"R1=10000.0 #Resistance in ohm",
"",
"#Calculations:",
"fo=120/(4*R1*C1) #Calculating centre frequency of the VCO",
"fon=fo/1000.0 #Calculating centre frequency of the VCO",
"",
"fld=7.8*fo/(V) #Calculating Lock range",
"fldn=fld/1000.0 #Calculating Lock range",
" ",
"fcd=math.sqrt(fld/(C*2*math.pi*3.6*10**3)) #Calculating capture range",
"fcdn=fcd/1000.0 #Calculating Capture range",
"",
"#Results:",
"print('\\nCentre frequency of VCO is= %.1f kHz'%fon)",
"print('\\nLock Range= %d kHz'%fldn)",
"print('\\nCapture Range= %.2f kHz'%fcdn)"
],
"language": "python",
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"",
"Centre frequency of VCO is= 300.0 kHz",
"",
"Lock Range= 195 kHz",
"",
"Capture Range= 14.68 kHz"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
}
]
}
]
}
|
