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 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Chapter 6 - Optical Sources"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.3.1 :Pg 6.7"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# variable initialisation\n",
      "x=0.07\n",
      "\n",
      "# calculations\n",
      "Eg=1.424+1.266*x+0.266*math.pow(x,2)\n",
      "lamda=1.24/Eg  # computing wavelength\n",
      "\n",
      "# Results\n",
      "print '%s %.3f %s' %(\"\\nWavlength is \",lamda,\"micrometer \")\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Wavlength is  0.819 micrometer \n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.3.2 : Pg 6.12"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "n=1.7     #refractive index\n",
      "L=5*pow(10,-2)    #distance between mirror\n",
      "c=3*pow(10,8)    #speed of light\n",
      "lamda=0.45*pow(10,-6)  #wavelength\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "k=2*n*L/lamda     #computing number of modes\n",
      "delf=c/(2*n*L)     #computing mode separation\n",
      "delf=delf*pow(10,-9)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Results\n",
      "print '%s %.2e %s %.2f %s'%(\"\\nNumber of modes are \",k,\"\\nFrequency separation is \",delf,\" GHz.\")\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Number of modes are  3.78e+05 \n",
        "Frequency separation is  1.76  GHz.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 11
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.21.1 : Pg 6.59"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "tr=50.0      #radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "tnr=85.0     #non-radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "h=6.624*pow(10,-34)  #plank's constant\n",
      "c=3*pow(10,8)     #speed of light\n",
      "q=1.6*pow(10,-19)  #charge of electron\n",
      "i=35*pow(10,-3)    #current\n",
      "lamda=0.85*pow(10,-6)      #wavelength\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "t=tr*tnr/(tr+tnr)         #computing total recombination time\n",
      "eta=t/tr                   #computing internal quantum efficiency\n",
      "Pint=eta*h*c*i/(q*lamda)   #computing internally generated power\n",
      "Pint=Pint*pow(10,3)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Results\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.2f %s %.3f %s %.1f %s' %(\"\\nTotal recombinaiton time is \",t,\" ns.\\nInternal quantum efficiency is \",eta,\".\\nInternally generated power is \",Pint,\" mW.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#answer in the book for Internal quantum efficiency is 0.629, deviation of 0.001.\n",
      "#answer in the book for Internally generated power is 32.16 mW, deviation of 0.04 mW.\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Total recombinaiton time is  31.48  ns.\n",
        "Internal quantum efficiency is  0.630 .\n",
        "Internally generated power is  32.2  mW.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 12
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.21.2 : Pg 6.59"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "tr=30.0      #radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "tnr=100.0     #non-radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "h=6.624*pow(10,-34)  #plank's constant\n",
      "c=3*pow(10,8)      #speed of light\n",
      "q=1.6*pow(10,-19)  #charge of electron\n",
      "i=40*pow(10,-3)    #current\n",
      "lamda=1310*pow(10,-9)     #wavelength\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "t=tr*tnr/(tr+tnr)          #computing total recombination time\n",
      "eta=t/tr                  #computing internal quantum efficiency\n",
      "Pint=eta*h*c*i/(q*lamda)   #computing internally generated power\n",
      "Pint=Pint*pow(10,3)\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.2f %s %.3f %s %.2f %s' %(\"\\nTotal recombinaiton time is \",t,\" ns.\\nInternal quantum efficiency is \",eta,\".\\nInternally generated power is \",Pint,\" mW.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#answer in the book for Total recombinaiton time is 23.07 ns, deviation of 0.01ns.\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Total recombinaiton time is  23.08  ns.\n",
        "Internal quantum efficiency is  0.769 .\n",
        "Internally generated power is  29.17  mW.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 13
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.21.3 : Pg 6.60"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Example 6.21.3  page 6.60\n",
      "\n",
      "import math\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "\n",
      "tr=50.0      #radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "tnr=110.0     #non-radiative recombination lifetime\n",
      "h=6.624*pow(10,-34)  #plank's constant\n",
      "c=3*pow(10,8)      #speed of light\n",
      "q=1.6*pow(10,-19)  #charge of electron\n",
      "i=40*pow(10,-3)    #current\n",
      "lamda=0.87*pow(10,-6)      #wavelength\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "t=tr*tnr/(tr+tnr)           #computing total recombination time\n",
      "eta=t/tr                    #computing internal quantum efficiency\n",
      "Pint=eta*h*c*i/(q*lamda)    #computing internally generated power\n",
      "Pint=Pint*pow(10,3)\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.2f %s %.4f %s %.2f %s' %(\"\\nTotal recombinaiton time is \",t,\"ns.\\nInternal quantum efficiency is \",eta,\".\\nInternally generated power is \",Pint,\"mW.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#answers in the book with slight deviaitons\n",
      "#Total recombinaiton time is 34.37 ns, deviation of 0.01ns.\n",
      "#Internal quantum efficiency is 0.6874, deviaiton of 0.0001.\n",
      "#Internally generated power is 39.24 mW, deviation of 0.02mW.\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Total recombinaiton time is  34.38 ns.\n",
        "Internal quantum efficiency is  0.6875 .\n",
        "Internally generated power is  39.26 mW.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 14
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.22.1 : Pg 6.68"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "f1=10*pow(10,6)    #frequency\n",
      "f2=100*pow(10,6)\n",
      "t=4*pow(10,-9)\n",
      "Pdc=280*pow(10,-6)     #optincal output power\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "w1=2*math.pi*f1    #computing omega\n",
      "Pout1=Pdc*pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(1+pow((w1*t),2)))      #computing output power\n",
      "\n",
      "w2=2*math.pi*f2    #computing omega\n",
      "Pout2=Pdc*pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(1+pow((w2*t),2)))      #computing output power\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.2f %s %.2f %s' %(\"Ouput power at 10 MHz is \",Pout1,\"microwatt.\\nOuput power at 100 MHz is \",Pout2,\"microwatt.\\nConclusion when device is drive at higher frequency the optical power reduces.\\nNOTE - calculation error. In the book square term in the denominator is not taken.\")\n",
      "BWopt = math.sqrt(3)/(2*math.pi*t)\n",
      "BWelec = BWopt/math.sqrt(2)\n",
      "BWopt=BWopt*pow(10,-6)\n",
      "BWelec=BWelec*pow(10,-6)\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.2f %s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n3 dB optical power is \",BWopt,\" MHz.\\n3 dB electrical power is \",BWelec,\" MHz.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#calculation error. In the book square term in the denominater is not taken.\n",
      "#answers in the book - \n",
      "#Ouput power at 10 MHz is 228.7 microwatt.(incorrect)\n",
      "#Ouput power at 100 MHz is 175 microwatt.(incorrect)\n",
      "#3 dB optical power is 68.8 MHz, deviation of 0.12\n",
      "#3 dB electrical power is 48.79 MHz, deviation of 0.06 \n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Ouput power at 10 MHz is  271.55 microwatt.\n",
        "Ouput power at 100 MHz is  103.52 microwatt.\n",
        "Conclusion when device is drive at higher frequency the optical power reduces.\n",
        "NOTE - calculation error. In the book square term in the denominator is not taken.\n",
        "\n",
        "3 dB optical power is  68.92  MHz.\n",
        "3 dB electrical power is  48.73  MHz.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 15
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.22.2 : Pg 6.69"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "n1=3.5  #refractive index\n",
      "n=1    #refractive index of air\n",
      "F=0.69  #transmission factor\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "eta = 100*pow((n1*pow((n1+1),2)),-1)     #computing eta\n",
      "\n",
      "# Results\n",
      "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"\\neta external is \",eta,\" percent i.e. small fraction of intrnally generated opticalpower is emitted from the device.\")\n",
      "print  \"\\n\\n OR we can also arrive at solution,\\n\" \n",
      "\n",
      "r= 100*F*pow(n,2)/(4*pow(n1,2))      #computing ratio of Popt/Pint\n",
      "\n",
      "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"\\n Popt/Pint is \",r,\"percent\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"\\nNOTE - printing mistake at final answer.\\nThey have printed 40 percent it should be 1.4 percent\"\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "eta external is  1.4  percent i.e. small fraction of intrnally generated opticalpower is emitted from the device.\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        " OR we can also arrive at solution,\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        " Popt/Pint is  1.4 percent\n",
        "\n",
        "NOTE - printing mistake at final answer.\n",
        "They have printed 40 percent it should be 1.4 percent\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 16
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 6.22.3 : Pg 6.73"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import math\n",
      "\n",
      "# Variable initialisation\n",
      "beta0=1.85*pow(10,7)\n",
      "T=293      #temperature\n",
      "k=1.38*pow(10,-23) #Boltzman constant\n",
      "Ea=0.9*1.6*pow(10,-19)\n",
      "theta=0.65  #threshold\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculations\n",
      "betar=beta0*pow(math.e,(-Ea/(k*T)))\n",
      "t=-math.log(theta)/betar\n",
      "\n",
      "# Result\n",
      "print '%s %.2e %s %.1e %s' %(\"\\nDegradation rate is \",betar,\" per hour.\\nOperating lifetime is \",t,\" hour.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#answer in the book for Degradation rate is 6.4e-09 per hour, deviation of 0.08e-9\n",
      "#answer in the book for Operating lifetime is 6.7e+07 hour, deviaiton of 0.1e1\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Degradation rate is  6.32e-09  per hour.\n",
        "Operating lifetime is  6.8e+07  hour.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 17
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}