{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# 1: Atomic Spectra"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 1, Page number 55"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"wavelength of emitted photon is 1.281 angstrom\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"n1=3;\n",
"n2=5; #states\n",
"RH=1.0977*10**7;\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"newbar=RH*((1/n1**2)-(1/n2**2));\n",
"lamda=10**6/newbar; #wavelength of emitted photon(angstrom)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"wavelength of emitted photon is\",round(lamda,3),\"angstrom\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 2, Page number 56"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"ratio of principal quantum number of two orbits is 14 / 11\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"E1=1.21;\n",
"E2=1.96; #energy of two orbits(eV)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"n1=math.sqrt(E2);\n",
"n2=math.sqrt(E1); #ratio of principal quantum number of two orbits\n",
"n1=n1*10;\n",
"n2=n2*10; #multiply and divide the ratio by 10\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"ratio of principal quantum number of two orbits is\",int(n1),\"/\",int(n2)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 3, Page number 56"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"magnetic moment of proton is 5.041 *10**-27 Am**2\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"mp=1.672*10**-27; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
"h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"mewp=e*h/(4*math.pi*mp); #magnetic moment of proton(Am**2) \n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"magnetic moment of proton is\",round(mewp*10**27,3),\"*10**-27 Am**2\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 4, Page number 56"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"specific charge of electron is 1.7604 *10**11 coulomb/kg\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"mewB=9.274*10**-24; #bohr magneton(amp m**2)\n",
"h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"ebym=mewB*4*math.pi/h; #specific charge of electron(coulomb/kg) \n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"specific charge of electron is\",round(ebym/10**11,4),\"*10**11 coulomb/kg\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 5, Page number 57"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"wavelength separation is 0.3358 angstrom\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"B=1; #flux density(Wb/m**2)\n",
"lamda=6000*10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"d_lamda=B*e*(lamda**2)/(4*math.pi*m*c); #wavelength separation(m)\n",
"d_lamda=2*d_lamda*10**10; #wavelength separation(angstrom)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"wavelength separation is\",round(d_lamda,4),\"angstrom\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 6, Page number 57"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 19,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"energy of electron in 1st and 2nd orbit is -13.6 eV and -3.4 eV\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"n1=1;\n",
"n2=2; #states\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"E1=-13.6/n1**2; #energy of electron in 1st orbit(eV)\n",
"E2=-13.6/n2**2; #energy of electron in 2nd orbit(eV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"energy of electron in 1st and 2nd orbit is\",E1,\"eV and\",E2,\"eV\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 8, Page number 58"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 21,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"linear momentum is 2.107 *10**-24 kg ms-1\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"lamda=0.5*10**-10; #radius of 1st orbit(m)\n",
"h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"L=h/(2*math.pi*lamda); #linear momentum(kg ms-1)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"linear momentum is\",round(L*10**24,3),\"*10**-24 kg ms-1\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 9, Page number 58"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 26,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"state to which it is excited is 4\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"E1=-13.6; #energy of electron in 1st orbit(eV)\n",
"E2=-12.75; #energy of electron in 2nd orbit(eV)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"n=math.sqrt(-E1/(E2-E1)); #state to which it is excited\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"state to which it is excited is\",int(n)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 10, Page number 59"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 28,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"bohr magneton is 9.262 *10**-24 coulomb Js kg-1\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
"h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"mewB=e*h/(4*math.pi*m); #bohr magneton(coulomb Js kg-1) \n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"bohr magneton is\",round(mewB*10**24,3),\"*10**-24 coulomb Js kg-1\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 11, Page number 59"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 30,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"component separation is 2.7983 *10**8 Hz\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
"B=0.02; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"delta_new=e*B/(4*math.pi*m); #component separation(Hz)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"component separation is\",round(delta_new/10**8,4),\"*10**8 Hz\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 14, Page number 61"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 33,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"magnetic flux density is 2.14 Tesla\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
"lamda=10000*10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
"d_lamda=1*10**-10; #wavelength separation(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"B=d_lamda*4*math.pi*m*c/(e*lamda**2); #magnetic flux density(Tesla)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"magnetic flux density is\",round(B,2),\"Tesla\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 19, Page number 66"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 41,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"separation is 0.33 angstrom\n",
"wavelength of three components is 4226 angstrom 4226.33 angstrom 4226.666 angstrom\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
"lamda=4226; #wavelength(angstrom)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
"B=4; #magnetic field(Wb/m**2)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"dnew=B*e/(4*math.pi*m); \n",
"dlamda=lamda**2*dnew*10**-10/c; #separation(angstrom)\n",
"dlamda1=lamda+dlamda;\n",
"dlamda2=dlamda1+dlamda; #wavelength of three components(Hz)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"separation is\",round(dlamda,2),\"angstrom\"\n",
"print \"wavelength of three components is\",lamda,\"angstrom\",round(dlamda1,2),\"angstrom\",round(dlamda2,3),\"angstrom\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example number 21, Page number 68"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 42,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"number of elements would be 110\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration \n",
"n1=1;\n",
"n2=2; \n",
"n3=3;\n",
"n4=4;\n",
"n5=5;\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"e1=2*n1**2; #maximum number of electrons in 1st orbit\n",
"e2=2*n2**2; #maximum number of electrons in 2nd orbit\n",
"e3=2*n3**2; #maximum number of electrons in 3rd orbit\n",
"e4=2*n4**2; #maximum number of electrons in 4th orbit\n",
"e5=2*n5**2; #maximum number of electrons in 5th orbit\n",
"e=e1+e2+e3+e4+e5; #number of elements\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"number of elements would be\",e"
]
}
],
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"display_name": "Python 2",
"language": "python",
"name": "python2"
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"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
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"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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