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 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Chapter 8, A Detailed Look at the printf and scanf Functions"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-1 , Page number: 149"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# A print demo\n",
      "# The conversion specification for numbers.\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  1 :%d:\"%123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  2 :%0d:\"%123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  3 :%2d:\"%123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  4 :%8d:\"%123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  5 :%-8d:\"%123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  6 :%8d:\"%-123\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  7 :%f:\"%123.456\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  8 :%f:\"%123.4567896\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  9 :%e:\"%123.456\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  10 :%e:\"%1.23456e2\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  11 :%e:\"%123.456e+0\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  12 :%f:\"%1.23456E+02\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  13 :%4.2f:\"%123.456\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  14 :%8.2f:\"%123.456\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  15 :%.3e:\"%123.456\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case  16 :%12.3e:\"%123.456\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Case  1 :123:\n",
        "Case  2 :123:\n",
        "Case  3 :123:\n",
        "Case  4 :     123:\n",
        "Case  5 :123     :\n",
        "Case  6 :    -123:\n",
        "Case  7 :123.456000:\n",
        "Case  8 :123.456790:\n",
        "Case  9 :1.234560e+02:\n",
        "Case  10 :1.234560e+02:\n",
        "Case  11 :1.234560e+02:\n",
        "Case  12 :123.456000:\n",
        "Case  13 :123.46:\n",
        "Case  14 :  123.46:\n",
        "Case  15 :1.235e+02:\n",
        "Case  16 :   1.235e+02:\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-2 , Page number: 152"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# A print demo:\n",
      "# Interpretation of values\n",
      "\n",
      "# python is dynamically-typed language\n",
      "# which is why declaration of variables is omitted\n",
      "n = -123\n",
      "c = \"V\"\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%d\"%n\n",
      "print \"%u\"%n\t\t# python correctly interprets the negative(unsigned) integer\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%c\"%c\n",
      "# print \"%d\"%c  \t# python doesn't support implicit type-casting from integer to character or character to integer\n",
      "print \"%c\"%86"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "-123\n",
        "-123\n",
        "V\n",
        "V\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-3 , Page number: 153"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Printing out the ASCII value of a character\n",
      "\n",
      "# There is no do..while loop in python\n",
      "# Hence, we will be using while loop \n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "answer = \"y\"\n",
      "while answer == \"y\" :\n",
      "\tprint \"Enter a character:\",\n",
      "\tin_char = \"a\"\n",
      "\tprint in_char\n",
      "\n",
      "\tprint \"The ASCII value of %c is %d\"%(in_char,ord(in_char)) \t# ord() function returns the ascii(int) value of a character\n",
      "\n",
      "\tprint \"\\nAnother? (y/n)\",\n",
      "\tanswer = \"n\"\t\t\t# To terminate the loop\n",
      "\tprint answer\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Enter a character: a\n",
        "The ASCII value of a is 97\n",
        "\n",
        "Another? (y/n) n\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-4 , Page number: 154"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Converting a digit to a number by using its ASCII value\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Enter a digit:\",\n",
      "digit = \"A\"\n",
      "print digit\n",
      "\n",
      "if digit < \"0\" or digit > \"9\" :\n",
      "\tprint \"That's not a digit\"\n",
      "else :\n",
      "\tprint \"The digit you typed is %c\"%digit"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Enter a digit: A\n",
        "That's not a digit\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-5 , Page number: 156"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Converting a letter from lower to upper case or vice-versa\n",
      "\n",
      "answer = \"y\"\n",
      "while answer == \"y\" :\n",
      "\tprint \"\\n\\n\\nEnter a letter:\",\n",
      "\tletter = \"A\"\n",
      "\tprint letter\n",
      "\n",
      "\tif letter >= \"A\" and letter < \"Z\" :\t\t# Letter is uppercase\n",
      "\t\tprint \"Lower case is: %c\"%chr(ord(letter) + (ord(\"a\")-ord(\"A\")))\n",
      "\telif letter >= \"a\" and letter <= \"z\" :\t# Letter is lowercase\n",
      "\t\tprint \"Upper case is: %c\"%chr(ord(letter) - (ord(\"a\")-ord(\"A\")))\n",
      "\telse :\n",
      "\t\tprint \"That's not a letter\"\n",
      "\n",
      "\t# Ask if the user wants to go again\n",
      "\tprint \"\\nAnother? (y/n)\",\n",
      "\tanswer = \"n\"\t\t# To terminate the loop\n",
      "\tprint answer"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Enter a letter: A\n",
        "Lower case is: a\n",
        "\n",
        "Another? (y/n) n\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-6 , Page number: 157"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Example of using control characters\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"The word apple\\b\\b\\b\\b\\b_____ is underlined.\\n\"\n",
      "print \"The last word in this sentence is way over\\t\\there.\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The word apple\b\b\b\b\b_____ is underlined.\n",
        "\n",
        "The last word in this sentence is way over\t\there.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-7 , Page number: 158"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# How to print special characters\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"This is how to print a double-quote: \\\"\"\n",
      "print \"This is how to print a backslash: \\\\\"\n",
      "# this is how to write an apostrophe character\n",
      "c = '\\''\n",
      "print \"c now contains: %c\"%c\n",
      "print \"This is how to print a percent-sign: %\"\t\t# no escape sequence required for % in python"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "This is how to print a double-quote: \"\n",
        "This is how to print a backslash: \\\n",
        "c now contains: '\n",
        "This is how to print a percent-sign: %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-8 , Page number: 160"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Octal and hexadecimal notation\n",
      "\n",
      "a = 27\n",
      "b = 033\n",
      "c = 0x1b\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"a = %d, b = %d, c = %d\"%(a,b,c)\n",
      "print \"a = %o, b = %o, c = %o\"%(a,b,c)\n",
      "print \"a = %x, b = %x, c = %x\"%(a,b,c)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "a = 27, b = 27, c = 27\n",
        "a = 33, b = 33, c = 33\n",
        "a = 1b, b = 1b, c = 1b\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-9 , Page number: 162"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Illustration of some ways to print a string\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"This is simply a control string.\"\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%s\"%(\"The control string just tells how to print this.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%s\"%(\"Newline may be put here, instead!.\\n\"),\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%s %s %s %s %s\"%(\"This\",\"is\",\"valid\",\"in\",\"C.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%s %s also %s %s %s\"%(\"This\",\"is\",\"valid\",\"in\",\"C.\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%s %s %s %s %s %s %s\"%(\"This\",\"is\",\"valid\",\"in\",\"C\",\"also.\",\"\\n\"),"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "This is simply a control string.\n",
        "The control string just tells how to print this.\n",
        "Newline may be put here, instead!.\n",
        "This is valid in C.\n",
        "This is also valid in C.\n",
        "This is valid in C also. \n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-10 , Page number: 163"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# %s conversion specification demonstrated\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 1 :%s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 2 :%3s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 3 :%12s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 4 :%-12s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 5 :%12.6s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 6 :%12.12s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 7 :%.6s:\"%(\"A string\")\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Case 8 :%-12.6s:\"%(\"A string\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Case 1 :A string:\n",
        "Case 2 :A string:\n",
        "Case 3 :    A string:\n",
        "Case 4 :A string    :\n",
        "Case 5 :      A stri:\n",
        "Case 6 :    A string:\n",
        "Case 7 :A stri:\n",
        "Case 8 :A stri      :\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-11 , Page number: 164 "
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Some miscellaneous conversion sppecifications\n",
      "\n",
      "a = 123456789L\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"%d\"%a\t\t\t# in python both int and long are unified..so %d specifier valid unlike in C\n",
      "print \"%ld\"%a\n",
      "print \":%c:\"%(\"V\")\n",
      "print \":%0c:\"%(\"V\")\n",
      "print \":%5c:\"%(\"V\")\n",
      "print \":%-5c:\"%(\"V\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "123456789\n",
        "123456789\n",
        ":V:\n",
        ":V:\n",
        ":    V:\n",
        ":V    :\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 11
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Program 8-13 , Page number: 171"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Reading decimal,octal and hex numbers\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Enter a number in decimal:\",\n",
      "a = 27\n",
      "print a\n",
      "print \"You entered %d\"%a\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"\\nEnter a number in octal:\",\n",
      "a = 033\t\t\t# O is added in the front to specify octal value\n",
      "print a\n",
      "print \"You entered %o, or %d in decimal\"%(a,a)\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"\\nEnter a number in hex:\",\n",
      "a = 0x1B\n",
      "print a\n",
      "print \"You entered %x, or %d in decimal\"%(a,a)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Enter a number in decimal: 27\n",
        "You entered 27\n",
        "\n",
        "Enter a number in octal: 27\n",
        "You entered 33, or 27 in decimal\n",
        "\n",
        "Enter a number in hex: 27\n",
        "You entered 1b, or 27 in decimal\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 12
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}