{ "metadata": { "name": "" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Chapter 6 : Cathode Ray Oscilloscope" ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_1,pg 169" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# Time required for each conversion\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "n = 8.0 #8-bit resolution(conversion of 1 in 256)\n", "Tr = 10.0*10**-6 #total trace time(256 conversions in 10*10^-6 s)\n", "Nc = 256.0 #total conversions\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "S = (Tr/Nc) #speed of ADC\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"Time required for each conversion = %d ns\"%(S*10**9))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Time required for each conversion = 39 ns\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 13 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_2,pg 178" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# find frequency at horizontal plate\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "fy=1.8*10**3 #frequency at vertical plates\n", "Nv=2.0 #vertical tangencies\n", "Nh=3.0 #horizontal tangencies\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "fx=fy*(Nv/Nh) #frequency at horizontal plates\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"frequency of other wave:\")\n", "print(\"fx = %.1f kHz\"%(fx/1000))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "frequency of other wave:\n", "fx = 1.2 kHz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 14 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_3,pg 178" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# find length of vertical axis of ellipse\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "phi = math.pi*30/180 #conversion into radian\n", "bplus = 3 #ellipse cutting +ve minor axis\n", "bminus=-3 #ellipse cutting -ve minor axis\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "theta = math.atan(2.0/1.0) #angle of major axis of ellipse(Vy/Vh=2:1)\n", "y1=(bplus/math.sin(phi)) #length of vertical axis\n", " \n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"length of vertical axis:\")\n", "print(\"y1 = (+/-)%.2f cm\"%y1)" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "length of vertical axis:\n", "y1 = (+/-)6.00 cm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 15 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_4,pg 493" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# find voltage applied between plates\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "d=1*10**-3 #separation between plates\n", "fe=300 #acceleration of electron\n", "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge of 1 electron\n", "me=9.1*10**-31 #mass of 1 electron\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "Vp=((me*fe*d)/e) #voltage apllied between plates\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"Voltage applied between plates:\")\n", "print(\"Vp = %.2f * 10^-12 Kgm^2/s^2C\"%(Vp*10**12))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Voltage applied between plates:\n", "Vp = 1.71 * 10^-12 Kgm^2/s^2C\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 17 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_5,pg 494" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# deflection sensitivity\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "l=1*10**-2 #axial length of plates\n", "D=22*10**-2 #distance between centre of plate and screen \n", "Vap=1.3*10**3 #acceleration mode voltage\n", "d = 1*10**-3 #output in mm\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "Sd=500*l*(D/(d*Vap)) #deflection senstivity\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"deflection sensitivity:\")\n", "print(\"Sd = %.2f mm/V\"%Sd) " ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "deflection sensitivity:\n", "Sd = 0.85 mm/V\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_6,pg 494" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# find deflection of electron\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "Vp=0.1*10**3 #deflection plate voltage\n", "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron\n", "l=1*10**-2 #axial length of plates\n", "del1=1*10**-3 #output in mm\n", "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron\n", "D=0.22*10**-2 #distance between centre of plates and screen\n", "t=0.1*10**-6 #time of flight\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "del2=((Vp*e*l*D)/(del1*m))*(10**-10)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"deflection of electron beam from null pos:\")\n", "print(\"del = %.f cm\"%(math.floor(del2)))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "deflection of electron beam from null pos:\n", "del = 38 cm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 19 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_7,pg 494" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# cutoff frequency of filter\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "R=10*10**5 #scope input impedance\n", "C1=0.31*62*10**-12 #probe capacitance\n", "C2=22*10**-12 #probe input impedance\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "fcut = (1/(2*math.pi*R*(C1+C2)))\n", "fcut = fcut/1000 # kHz \n", "#Result\n", "print(\"cutoff frequency:\")\n", "print(\"fcut = %.1f kHz\"%(math.floor(fcut*10)/10))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "cutoff frequency:\n", "fcut = 3.8 kHz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 24 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_8,pg 494" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# phase difference\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "bplus=3.0 #ellipse parameter\n", "bminus=-3.0 #ellipse parameter\n", "aplus=1.5 #ellipse parameter\n", "aminus=-1.5 #ellipse parameter\n", "\n", "\n", "#case-1\n", "y=6.0 #y-intercept\n", "x=3.0 #x-intercept \n", "phi1=math.asin(x/y) #phase difference\n", "phi1=(180/math.pi)*phi1\n", "\n", "#case-2\n", "phi2=180-phi1 #major axis in 2 and 4 quad.\n", "\n", "#case-3\n", "phi3=math.asin(0) #y2=0\n", " \n", "#case-4\n", "phi4=180-phi3 #y2=0 (major axis in 2 and 4 quad.)\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "print(\"phi1 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi1)\n", "print(\"phi2 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi2)\n", "print(\"phi3 = %.1f\u00b0 or 360\u00b0 \"%phi3)\n", "print(\"phi4 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi4)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "phi1 = 30.0\u00b0 \n", "phi2 = 150.0\u00b0 \n", "phi3 = 0.0\u00b0 or 360\u00b0 \n", "phi4 = 180.0\u00b0 \n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 25 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_9,pg 495" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# rise time of pulse\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "B=25*10**6 #bandwidth of scope\n", "\n", "#Calculatoins\n", "tr=(3.5/B) #rise time of scope\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"Rise time of scope:\")\n", "print(\"tr = %.2f micro-sec\"%(tr*10**6))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Rise time of scope:\n", "tr = 0.14 micro-sec\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 26 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_10,pg 495" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# find speed of conversion\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "Res=(1.0/2**8) #resolution\n", "T=8.0*10**-6 #total time \n", "n=256.0 #no. of conversions\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "t=(T/n) #time req. by one conversion\n", "S=(1.0/t) #speed of conversion\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"speed of conversion:\")\n", "print(\"S = %.1f MHz\\n\"%(S*10**-6))\n", "#Answer is not matching with the book" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "speed of conversion:\n", "S = 32.0 MHz\n", "\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 35 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_11,pg 495" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# Find total collector resistance\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "C=0.01*10**-6 #timing capacitor\n", "T=10*10**-3 #time period\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "Rt=T/(4*C) #total collector resistance\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"Total collector resistance:\")\n", "print(\"Rt = %.f k-ohm\"%(Rt/1000))" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total collector resistance:\n", "Rt = 250 k-ohm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 37 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example6_12,pg 495" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "# deflection plates voltage\n", "\n", "import math\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "d1=1.03*10**-2 #separation of plates\n", "theta=(6.0/5.0) #deflection of electron(1(deg.)12'=(6/5)deg.)\n", "l=2.2*10**-2 #length of deflection plate\n", "Vap=2.2*10**3 #accelerating potential\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "x=math.tan((math.pi/180)*(6.0/5.0))\n", "x = 0.019 # value of above expression should be this\n", "Vp=(x/l)*d1*Vap*2\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print(\"Potential between plates:\")\n", "print(\"Vp = %d V\"%Vp)" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Potential between plates:\n", "Vp = 39 V\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 52 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }