{ "metadata": { "name": "", "signature": "sha256:759039f1dfc5f6d62e90bf867630bc8f1cdda845968a4b5c11c4acddcb77b251" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Chapter 2 The fundamentals of Electronics: A Review" ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.1 Page no 31" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "vout=750*10**-3\n", "vin = 30*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "gain=vout/vin\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The Voltage gain of the amplifier is \",gain\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The Voltage gain of the amplifier is 25000.0\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.2 Page no 31" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "pout=6\n", "power_gain=80.0\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pin=pout/power_gain\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The input power of the signal is \",pin*1000,\"mW\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The input power of the sigmal is 75.0 mW\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 3 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.3 Page no 32" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "A1=5;\n", "A2=2;\n", "A3=17;\n", "total_gain=A1*A2*A3;\n", "pin= 40*10**-3;\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pout=total_gain*pin;\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The output power is\",pout,\"watts\"\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The output power is 6.8 watts\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.4 Page no 32" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "pin=25.0*10**-6;\n", "pout=1.5*10**-3;\n", "A1=3.0;\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "total_gain=pout/pin;\n", "print\"Total gain is\",total_gain\n", "A2=total_gain/A1\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The gain of second stage is \",A2\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total gain is 60.0\n", "The gain of second stage is 20.0\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.5 Page no 34" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "R1=10.0*10**3;\n", "R2=470.0;\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "attenuation=R2/(R2+R1)\n", "A2=1/attenuation\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"(a) The attenuation (A1) is\",round(attenuation,3)\n", "print\"(b) The attenuation (A2) is\",round(A2,1)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "(a) The attenuation (A1) is 0.045\n", "(b) The attenuation (A2) is 22.3\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.6 Page no 35" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Vin=20.0*10**-6;\n", "Vout=100*10**-3;\n", "A1=45000.0 #A1 isAmplifier gain\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "AT=Vout/Vin #AT is Total gain\n", "A2=AT/A1 #A2 is attenuation factor\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Total gain is\",AT\n", "print\"The atenuation factor needed to to keep the output voltage from exceeding 100 mv is \",round(A2,4)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total gain is 5000.0\n", "The atenuation factor needed to to keep the output voltage from exceeding 100 mv is 0.1111\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 6 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.7 Page no 36" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Vin=3.0*10**-3\n", "Vout=5\n", "Pin=50.0*10**-3 \n", "Pout=2*10**-3 \n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "import math\n", "gain_dB= 20*log10 (Vout/Vin)\n", "gain_db=10*log10 (Pout/Pin)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"(a) The gain of amplifier in dB is \",round(gain_dB,1)\n", "print\"(b) The gain in dB is \",round(gain_db,2)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "(a) The gain of amplifier in dB is 64.4\n", "(b) The gain in dB is -13.98\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 11 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.8 Page no 38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "gain_dB = 40\n", "pout_W= 100\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pin_W = pout_W/10.0**4\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The input power is \",pin_W*10**3,\"m Watt\"\n", " \n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The input power is 10.0 m Watt\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.9 Page no 38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "\n", "gain_db = 60\n", "vin = 50*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "vout = 10**(60/20.0)*vin\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The output voltage is \",vout,\"volt\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The output voltage is 0.05 volt\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 21 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.10 Page no 39" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "\n", "vin=90*10**-3\n", "R1= 10.0*10**3\n", "vout=7.8\n", "Rout=8.0\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pin= vin**2/R1\n", "pout=vout**2/Rout\n", "\n", "import math\n", "Ap_db = 10*log10 (pout/pin)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The power gain in decibel is \",round(Ap_db,1),\"dB\"\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The power gain in decibel is 69.7 dB\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 13 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.11 Page no 40" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "\n", "gain_db = 28\n", "pin = 36*10**-3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pout = 10**2.8*pin;\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The output power is \",round(pout,2),\"watt\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The output power is 22.71 watt\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 14 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.12 Page no 40" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "gain1 = 6.8 \n", "gain2 = 14.3\n", "attenuation1 = -16.4\n", "attenuation2 = -2.9\n", "vout = 800*10**-3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "At = gain1+gain2+attenuation1+attenuation2\n", "vin = vout/10.0**(At/20.0)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The input voltage is \",round(vin*10**3,1),\"mv\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The input voltage is 650.3 mv\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 15 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.13 Page no 40" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "pout_db =12.3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "pout_mW = 0.001*10**(12.3/10.0)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The output power is \" ,round(pout_mW*10**3,0),\"mv\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The output power is 17.0 mv\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 16 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.14 Page no 46" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "c = 2.7*10**-12\n", "l = 33*10**-9\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "fr= 1/(6.28*(l*c)**0.5)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The resonat frequency is \" ,round(fr/10.0**6,0),\"Mhz\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The resonat frequency is 533.0 Mhz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 19 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.15 Page no 47" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "c =12*10**-12\n", "fr = 49*10**6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "l=1/(4*3.14**2*fr**2*c)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The value of inductance is \" ,round(l*10**9,0),\"nh\" \n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The value of inductance is 880.0 nh\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 20 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.16 Page no 49" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "fr=28*10**6\n", "Q=70.0\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "bandwidth = fr/Q\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The bandwidth is \",bandwidth/10.0**3,\"Khz\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The bandwidth is 400.0 Khz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 6 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.17 Page no 50" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "f1= 7.93*10**6\n", "f2= 8.07*10**6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "bw= f2-f1\n", "fr=(f1*f2)**0.5\n", "Q= fr/bw\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"(a) The bandwidth is \",bw/10.0**3,\"Khz\"\n", "print\"(b) The resonant frequency is \",round(fr/10.0**6,0),\"Mhz\"\n", "print\"(c) The Q of resonant circuit is \",round(Q,2)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "(a) The bandwidth is 140.0 Khz\n", "(b) The resonant frequency is 8.0 Mhz\n", "(c) The Q of resonant circuit is 57.14\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 23 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.18 Page no 50" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Q=200.0\n", "fr=16*10**6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "bw=fr/Q\n", "f1= fr-(bw/2)\n", "f2=fr+(bw/2)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Bandwidth is \",bw*10**-3,\"KHz\"\n", "print\"f1= \",f1*10**-6,\"MHz\"\n", "print\"f2= \",f2*10**-6,\"MHz\"" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Bandwidth is 80.0 KHz\n", "f1= 15.96 MHz\n", "f2= 16.04 MHz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 30 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.19 Page no 52" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Q= 150\n", "Vs=3*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "Vc= Q*Vs\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The voltage across capacitor is \",Vc*10**6,\"microvolt\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The voltage across capacitor is 450.0 microvolt\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 9 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.20 Page no 54" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "fr= 52*10**6\n", "Q=12.0\n", "L=0.15*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "Rw=(6.28*fr*L)/Q\n", "Req= Rw*(Q**2+1)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Impedance of the parellel LC circuit is \",round(Req,0),\"ohm\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Impedance of the parellel LC circuit is 592.0 ohm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 10 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.21 Page no 54" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "fr= 52.0*10**6\n", "Rw= 4.1\n", "L =0.15*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "C=1/(4.0*3.14**2*fr**2*L)\n", "Z = L/(C*Rw)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"the impedance of the circuit is \",round(Z,0),\"ohm\"\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "the impedance of the circuit is 585.0 ohm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 13 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.22 Page no 55" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "bw = 1.0*10**6\n", "XL = 300\n", "Rw = 10.0\n", "fr =10*10**6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "Q1 = XL/Rw\n", "Rp = Rw*(Q1**2+1) \n", "\n", "Q2 = fr/bw\n", "Rpnew = Q2*XL\n", "\n", "Rext = (Rpnew*Rp)/(Rp-Rpnew)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The value of resistor needed to set the bandwidth of the parellel tuned circuit is \",round(Rext,1),\"ohm\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The value of resistor needed to set the bandwidth of the parellel tuned circuit is 4497.5 ohm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 17 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.23 Page no 57" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "R = 8.2*10**3\n", "C =0.0033*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "fco = 1/(6.28* R*C)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The cut off frequency is \",round(fco/10.0**3,2),\"Khz\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The cut off frequency is 5.88 Khz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 18 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.24 Page no 60" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "fco =3.4*10**3\n", "C = 0.047*10**-6\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "R = 1/(6.28* fco* C)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The value of the resistor is \",round(R,0),\"ohm\"\n", "print\"The closest standard value is \", 1000 ,\"ohm\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The value of the resistor is 996.0 ohm\n", "The closest standard value is 1000 ohm\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 19 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.25 Page no 61" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "fnotch = 120\n", "R = 220*10**3\n", "\n", "#calculatiuon\n", "C = 1/(6.28*R*fnotch)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The value of capacitance required is \",round(2*C*10**6,3),\"microfarad\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The value of capacitance required is 0.012 microfarad\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 20 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.26 Page no 82" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Vpeak =3.0\n", "f=48*10**3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "fifth_harmonic = 5*f\n", "Vrms=(4/3.14)*(3/5.0)*0.707\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"(a) The frequency of the fifth harmonic is \",fifth_harmonic/10.0**3,\"Khz\"\n", "print\"The RMS voltage of the fifth harmonic is \",round(Vrms,3)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "(a) The frequency of the fifth harmonic is 240.0 Khz\n", "The RMS voltage of the fifth harmonic is 0.54\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 22 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.27 Page no 87" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "Vpeak = 5\n", "f = 4.0*10**6\n", "duty_cycle=0.3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "T = 1/f\n", "t0 = duty_cycle*T\n", "Vavg = Vpeak*duty_cycle\n", "min_bw =1/t0\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"(a) The average DC value is \",Vavg,\"volt\"\n", "print\"(b) The minimum bandwidth required is \" ,round(min_bw/10.0**6,3),\"Mhz\"" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "(a) The average DC value is 1.5 volt\n", "(b) The minimum bandwidth required is 13.333 Mhz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 25 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.28 Page no 88" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "tr =6*10**-9\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "min_bw=(35/0.006)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The minimum bandwidth is % is \",round(min_bw/10.0**2,1),\"Mhz\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The minimum bandwidth is % is 58.3 Mhz\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 26 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.29 Page no 89" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "bw= 200.0*10**3\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "tr= 0.35/(bw*10**-3)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The fastest rise time of the circuit is \" ,tr*10**3,\"microseconds\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The fastest rise time of the circuit is 1.75 microseconds\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 31 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2.30 Page no 90" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#given\n", "bw_mhz = 60\n", "tri_ns= 15\n", "\n", "#calculation\n", "tra_osci = 0.35/(bw_mhz)\n", "tra_comp = 1.1*(tri_ns**2 + (tra_osci*10**3)**2)**0.5\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The rise time of the displayed square wave is \",round(tra_comp,1),\"ns\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The rise time of the displayed square wave is 17.7 ns\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 27 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }