{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "# Chapter 5: Frequency response of an Op-Amp"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Example 5.1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYwAAAEfCAYAAABSy/GnAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\ntwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff51168c210>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Maximum gain is 40 dB\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff4f28db750>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Example 5.1\n",
    "#The 741C is connected as a noniverting amplifier.What maximum gain can be used\n",
    "#that will still keep the amplifier's response flat to 10kHz.\n",
    "\n",
    "%matplotlib inline\n",
    "\n",
    "from scipy import pi\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "from matplotlib.pyplot import ylabel, xlabel, title, plot, show, clf, subplot, semilogx, savefig\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "#Variable declaration\n",
    "f=np.arange(0,1000000)       #frequency range\n",
    "s=2.0j*pi*f\n",
    "A=200000                  #Gain of opamp at 0 Hz\n",
    "f0=5                      #first break frequency in Hz\n",
    "p=2.0*pi*f0\n",
    "\n",
    "#Calculation\n",
    "\n",
    "tf=A*p/(s+p)              #open loop gain\n",
    "\n",
    "#Magnitude plot\n",
    "clf()                     #clear the figure\n",
    "subplot(211)\n",
    "title('tf=p/(s+p)')\n",
    "semilogx(f,20*log10(abs(tf)))\n",
    "ylabel('Mag. Ratio (dB)')\n",
    "\n",
    "#Phase plot\n",
    "subplot(212)\n",
    "semilogx(f,arctan2(imag(tf),real(tf))*180.0/pi)\n",
    "plt.ylabel('Phase (deg.)')\n",
    "plt.xlabel('Freq (Hz)')\n",
    "plt.show()\n",
    "savefig('fig1.png')      #savefig('fig1.eps')\n",
    "\n",
    "Amax=40                  #from the graph\n",
    "\n",
    "#Result\n",
    "print \"Maximum gain is\",Amax,\"dB\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Example 5.2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Gain equation is Aol(f)=A((1+(f/fo1)*j)*(1+(f/fo2)*j)\n",
      "A,the gain of the opamp at 0 Hz is 140000\n",
      "First break frequency fo1 is 6 Hz\n",
      "Second break frequency fo2 is 1.24 MHz\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#Example 5.2\n",
    "#Using the frequency response and phase response curves obtained in figure 5-5\n",
    "#Obtain the equation for the MC1556 opamp. Also determine the approximate values\n",
    "#of the break frequencies.\n",
    "\n",
    "from __future__ import division        #to perform decimal division\n",
    "import math\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#Variable declaration\n",
    "phase=-157.5                           #Phase shift at about 3 MHz\n",
    "f=3*10**6\n",
    "fo1=6                                  #first break frequency,from the graph\n",
    "A=140000                               #Gain of the opamp at 0Hz\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#calculation\n",
    "k=-math.atan(f/fo1)*180/math.pi-phase\n",
    "fo2=f/math.tan(k*math.pi/180)          #second break frequency\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#result\n",
    "print \"Gain equation is Aol(f)=A((1+(f/fo1)*j)*(1+(f/fo2)*j)\"\n",
    "print \"A,the gain of the opamp at 0 Hz is\",A\n",
    "print \"First break frequency fo1 is\",fo1,\"Hz\"  \n",
    "print \"Second break frequency fo2 is\",round(fo2/10**6,2),\"MHz\"\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Example 5.3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYwAAAEfCAYAAABSy/GnAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff51a48b7d0>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "From the plot it is seen that phase angle is -90 degree\n",
      "when the magnitude is o dB.Since the phase angle reaches >-180\n",
      "when the magnitude is 0dB, voltage follower is stable at 0dB\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff4f2c08510>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "#Example 5.3\n",
    "#Determine the stability of the voltage follower shown in figure 3-7.\n",
    "#Assume that the opamp is a 741 IC\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "%matplotlib inline\n",
    "\n",
    "from scipy import pi\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "from matplotlib.pyplot import ylabel, xlabel, title, plot, show, clf, subplot, semilogx, savefig\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "#Variable declaration\n",
    "f=arange(10,1000000)\n",
    "s=2.0j*pi*f\n",
    "A=200000\n",
    "f0=5\n",
    "p=2.0*pi*f0\n",
    "B=1                     #For voltage follower B=1\n",
    "\n",
    "#Calculation\n",
    "tf=A*p*B/(s+p)          #open loop gain\n",
    "\n",
    "#Magnitude plot\n",
    "clf()                   #clear the figure\n",
    "subplot(211)\n",
    "title('tf=p/(s+p)')\n",
    "semilogx(f,20*log10(abs(tf)))\n",
    "ylabel('Mag. Ratio (dB)')\n",
    "\n",
    "#Phase plot\n",
    "subplot(212)\n",
    "semilogx(f,arctan2(imag(tf),real(tf))*180.0/pi)\n",
    "ylabel('Phase (deg.)')\n",
    "xlabel('Freq (Hz)')\n",
    "\n",
    "show()\n",
    "savefig('fig1.png')      #savefig('fig1.eps')\n",
    "\n",
    "#Result\n",
    "print \"From the plot it is seen that phase angle is -90 degree\"\n",
    "print \"when the magnitude is o dB.Since the phase angle reaches >-180\"\n",
    "print \"when the magnitude is 0dB, voltage follower is stable at 0dB\""
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 2",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python2"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 2
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
   "version": "2.7.6"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 0
}