{
"metadata": {
"name": ""
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter 1:Introductory Topics "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.1 Page No 8"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"P1=0.001 #power\n",
"x=10**0\n",
"\n",
"#calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"dB=10*math.log(0.001/0.001)\n",
"y=x*P1*600\n",
"V=math.sqrt(y)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"V2 =\",round(V,3),\"V\"\n",
"print\"dBm(600)=20log(V2/0.775)\"\n",
"\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"V2 = 0.775 V\n",
"dBm(600)=20log(V2/0.775)\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.2 Page No 9"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"P=0.001 #power\n",
"R=75 #resistance of audio system\n",
"R1=50 \n",
"x=(8/20.0)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"y=(10**x)\n",
"V2=(y*0.775)\n",
"V=math.sqrt(P*R)\n",
"V1=math.sqrt(P*R1)\n",
"dBm= 20*math.log(V2/0.775)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"the dBm voltage reference for 50 ohm system is: \",round(V1,4),\"V\"\n",
"print\"dBm(50)= 20log(V/0.2236)\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"the dBm voltage reference for 50 ohm system is: 0.2236 V\n",
"dBm(50)= 20log(V/0.2236)\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.3 Page No 10"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"x=(10/10.0) #laser diode output\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"y=(10**x)\n",
"P2=(y*0.001)\n",
"a=(math.log10(0.01/1.0))\n",
"z=(10*a)\n",
"\n",
"#result\n",
"print\"(a) P2 = \",P2,\"W\" #convert +10dB to Watts\n",
"print\"(b) dBW =\",z,\"dBW\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"(a) P2 = 0.01 W\n",
"(b) dBW = -20.0 dBW\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.4 Page No 16"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"kT=(1.6*10**-20)\n",
"f=(1*10**6) #bandwidt, Hz\n",
"R=(1*10**6) #resistance, ohm\n",
"\n",
"#calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=math.sqrt(kT*f*R)\n",
"#4kT at room temperature (17 degree C) is 1.6*10**-20 Joules\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"en = \",round(x,6),\"Vrms\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"en = 0.000126 Vrms\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 17
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.5 Page No 16"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"\n",
"k=(1.38*10**-23)\n",
"T=(27+273) #temperature\n",
"f=(4*10**6) #bandwidth,Hz\n",
"R=100 #source resistance, ohm\n",
"\n",
"#calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=math.sqrt(4*k*T*f*R)\n",
"# to convert degres to kelvin, add 273 in it\n",
"\n",
"#result\n",
"print\"en= \",round(x,8),\"Vrms\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"en= 2.57e-06 Vrms\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.6 Page No 18"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"x=10 #input S/N power\n",
"y=5.0 #utput S/N power\n",
"z=(x/y)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"a=(10*math.log10(z))\n",
"b=(10*math.log10(x))\n",
"c=(10*math.log10(y))\n",
"d=(b-c)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"(a)NR = \",z\n",
"print\"(b)NF = \",round(a,1),\"dB\"\n",
"print\"(c) 10log(Si/Ni) =\",b,\"dB\"\n",
"print\" 10log(So/No) = \",round(c,0),\"dB\"\n",
"print\"their difference = \",round(d,0),\"dB\"\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"(a)NR = 2.0\n",
"(b)NF = 3.0 dB\n",
"(c) 10log(Si/Ni) = 10.0 dB\n",
" 10log(So/No) = 7.0 dB\n",
"their difference = 3.0 dB\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 26
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.7 Page No 21"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"BW=200*10**3 #bandwidth\n",
"k=(1.38*10**-23)\n",
"T=(273+22) #converting degrees C into kelvin\n",
"R=(10*10**3)\n",
"R1=300\n",
"NF1=3\n",
"NF2=8\n",
"NR1=2\n",
"NR2=6.31\n",
"\n",
"#calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"df=((math.pi/2.0)*BW)\n",
"Pn=(k*T*df)\n",
"en=math.sqrt(4*Pn*R)\n",
"x=(14+20+20) #sum of the power gain of the three stages\n",
"y=(x/10.0)\n",
"Pg=(10**y)\n",
"Po=(Pn*Pg)\n",
"eno=math.sqrt(Po*R1)\n",
"pg1=(10**(1.4))\n",
"pg2=(10**(20))\n",
"NR=(NR1+((NR2-1)/pg1)+((NR2-1)/(pg1*pg2)))\n",
"NF=10*math.log10(NR)\n",
"No=(NR*Pn*Pg)\n",
"a=math.sqrt(No*R1)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"(a) en(out)= \",round(eno,5),\"V\"\n",
"print\"(b) NF = \",round(NF,2),\"dB\"\n",
"print\"(c) No = \",round(a,6),\"V\" #outputnoise voltage\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"(a) en(out)= 0.00031 V\n",
"(b) NF = 3.45 dB\n",
"(c) No = 0.000462 V\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.8 Page No 24"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"k=1.38*10**-23\n",
"T=(35+40+52) #total temperature\n",
"df=(1*10**6)\n",
"Teq=52\n",
"To=290.0\n",
"\n",
"#calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"Pn=(k*T*df)\n",
"x=(Teq/To)\n",
"NR=(x+1)\n",
"NF=(10*math.log10(NR))\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"NR = \",round(NR,2) #noise ratio\n",
"print\"NF =\",round(NF,3),\"dB\" #noise figure"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"NR = 1.18\n",
"NF = 0.716 dB\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 40
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.9 Page No 25"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"x=7*10**-3 # o/p power measured 400-Hz audio signal modulates a carrier \n",
"y=0.18*10**-3 # o/p power measured when a filter cancels 400-Hz portion of the o/p\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"z=10*math.log10(x/y)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"SINAD = \",round(z,2),\"dB\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"SINAD = 15.9 dB\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 43
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.10 Page No 26"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"i= 14*10**-3 #dc current\n",
"R=50 #resistance, ohm\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=(20*i*R)\n",
"y=10*math.log10(x)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"NF=\",round(y,2),\"dB\" #noise figure"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"NF= 11.46 dB\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 44
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.11 Page No 37"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"f=(12*10**3)\n",
"L=3*10**-3\n",
"C=(0.1*10**-6)\n",
"R=30 #resistance,ohm\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=L*C\n",
"y=math.sqrt(x)\n",
"z=(2*math.pi*y)\n",
"a=(1/z)\n",
"Xl=(2*math.pi*f*L)\n",
"Xc=(1/(2*math.pi*f*C))\n",
"b=(Xl-Xc)**2\n",
"c=R**2\n",
"d=math.sqrt(c+b)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"fr = \",round(a,2),\"Hz\"\n",
"#at 12kHz\n",
"print\"Z = \",round(d,2),\"ohm\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"fr = 9188.81 Hz\n",
"Z = 98.26 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 47
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.12 Page No 38"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"R1=20 #resistance, ohm\n",
"R2=1 \n",
"L=1*10**-3 #inductor \n",
"C=0.4*10**-6 #capacitor\n",
"ein=50*10**-3\n",
"f=12*10**3 #frequency\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=math.sqrt(L*C)\n",
"y=(1/(2*math.pi*x))\n",
"eo= ein*(R2/(R2+R1))\n",
"XL=(2*math.pi*f*L)\n",
"XC=(1/(2*math.pi*f*C))\n",
"a=(R1+R2)**2\n",
"b=(XL-XC)**2\n",
"z=math.sqrt(a+b)\n",
"zo=math.sqrt((R2**2)+b)\n",
"m=(ein*(zo/z))\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"resonant frequency is\",round(y,2),\"Hz\"\n",
"print\"o/p voltage at 12kHz =\",round(m,3),\"V\" \n",
"\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"resonant frequency is 7957.75 Hz\n",
"o/p voltage at 12kHz = 0.045 V\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.13 Page No 40"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"a=460*10**3\n",
"b=450*10**3\n",
"fr=455*10**3 #frequency\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"BW=a-b\n",
"Q=(fr/BW)\n",
"C=0.001*10**-6\n",
"x=(fr*2*math.pi)\n",
"y=(1/x)**2\n",
"z=y/C\n",
"R=(2*math.pi*z*BW)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"(a)Bandwidth = \",BW,\"Hz\"\n",
"#filter's peak o/p occurs at 455kHz\n",
"print\"(b)Quality factor = \",Q,\"KHz\"\n",
"print\"(c)inductance =\",round(z,5),\"H\"\n",
"print\"(d)total circuit resistance= \",round(R,2),\"ohm\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"(a)Bandwidth = 10000 Hz\n",
"(b)Quality factor = 45 KHz\n",
"(c)inductance = 0.00012 H\n",
"(d)total circuit resistance= 7.69 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.14 Page No 42"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Given\n",
"R=2 #resistance,ohm\n",
"L=3*10**-3 #inductance\n",
"C=0.47*10**-6 #capacitance\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"import math\n",
"x=(2*math.pi*math.sqrt(L*C))\n",
"y=1/x\n",
"XL=(2*math.pi*y*L)\n",
"Q=(XL/R)\n",
"Z=((Q**2)*R)\n",
"BW=(R/(2*math.pi*L))\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print\"(a) Resonant frequency= \",round(y,2),\"Hz\"\n",
"print\"(b)Quality factor = \",round(Q,2)\n",
"print\"(c)Maximam impedence= \",round(Z,1),\"Ohm\"\n",
"print\"(d)Bandwidth = \",round(BW,1),\"Hz\"\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"(a) Resonant frequency= 4238.48 Hz\n",
"(b)Quality factor = 39.95\n",
"(c)Maximam impedence= 3191.5 Ohm\n",
"(d)Bandwidth = 106.1 Hz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}