{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
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"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"chapter06:Microwave components"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.2, Page number 234"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.2, Page 234\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"#Input parameters\n",
"#[s]=[0,(0.3+(%i)*(0.4));(0.3+(%i)*(0.4)),0];#scattering matrix of a two port\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"#to find l such that S12 and S21 will be real when port1 is shifted lm to the left\n",
"#let port 1 be shifted by phi1 degree to the left and port2 position be remained unchanged i.e.,phi2=delta\n",
"#Then [phi]=[e**-(j*phi1),0;0,1]\n",
"#[S']=[phi]*[s]*[phi]\n",
"#for S12 and S21 to be real\n",
"import math\n",
"phi1=53.13;#in degrees\n",
"phi1=phi1*(math.pi/180);#phi in radians\n",
"b=34.3;#measured in rad/m\n",
"l=(phi1)/b;#distance of shift in m\n",
"#Output\n",
"print \"distance that the position of part1 should be shifted to the left so that S21 and S12 will be real numbers is (m) = \",round(l,3)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"distance that the position of part1 should be shifted to the left so that S21 and S12 will be real numbers is (m) = 0.027\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.3, Page number 236"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.3, Page 236\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"import math\n",
"import numpy\n",
"from math import sqrt\n",
"#Input parameters\n",
"D=30.;#directivity in dB\n",
"VSWR=1.;#VSWR at each port under matched conditions\n",
"C=10.;#coupling factor\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"S41=sqrt(0.1);\n",
"S14=S41;#under matched and lossless conditions\n",
"S31=sqrt(((S41)**2)/(10)**(D/10));\n",
"S13=S31;\n",
"S11=(VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1);\n",
"S22=S11;\n",
"S33=S22;\n",
"S44=S33;\n",
"#let input power is given at port1 \n",
"#p1=p2+P3+p4\n",
"S21=sqrt(1-(S41)**2-(S31)**2);\n",
"S12=S21;\n",
"S34=sqrt((0.5)*(1+(S12)**2-0.1-0.0001));\n",
"S43=S34\n",
"S23=sqrt(1-10**-4-(S34)**2)\n",
"S32=S23;\n",
"S24=sqrt(1-0.1-(S34)**2)\n",
"S42=S24;\n",
"S=numpy.matrix([[S11,S12,S13,S14],[S21,S22,S23,S24],[S31,S32,S33,S34],[S41,S42,S43,S44]]);\n",
"#Output\n",
"print \"The scattering matrix is\"\n",
"print S\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"The scattering matrix is\n",
"[[ 0. 0.94863059 0.01 0.31622777]\n",
" [ 0.94863059 0. 0.31622777 0.01 ]\n",
" [ 0.01 0.31622777 0. 0.94863059]\n",
" [ 0.31622777 0.01 0.94863059 0. ]]\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.4, Page number 238"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.4, Page 238\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"import numpy\n",
"#Input parameters\n",
"a1=32*10**-3;#power in watts\n",
"a2=0;\n",
"a3=0;\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"S=numpy.array([[0.5,-0.5,0.707],[-0.5,0.5,0.707],[0.707,0.707,0]]);#S-matrix for H-plane tee\n",
"X=numpy.array([[a1,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]);\n",
"#[B]=[b1,b2,b3]\n",
"B =S*X\n",
"b1=(0.5)**2*a1;#power at port 1\n",
"b2=(-0.5)**2*a1;#power at port 2\n",
"b3=(0.707)**2*a1;#power at port 3\n",
"#Output\n",
"print \"Thus b1,b2,b3 are\",b1,\"W,\",b2,\"W,\",round(b3,5),\"W respectively\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Thus b1,b2,b3 are 0.008 W, 0.008 W, 0.016 W respectively\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.5, Page number 239"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.5, Page 239\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"\n",
"#Input parameters\n",
"S=([[0.5,-0.5,0.707],[-0.5,0.5,0.707],[0.707,0.707,0]]);\n",
"R1=60.;#load at port1 in ohms\n",
"R2=75.;#load at port2 in ohms\n",
"R3=50.;#characteristic impedance in ohms\n",
"P3=20*10**-3;#power at port 3 in Watts\n",
"#calculations\n",
"p1=(R1-R3)/(R1+R3);\n",
"p2=(R2-R3)/(R2+R3);\n",
"P1=0.5*P3*(1-(p1)**2);#power delivered to the port1 in Watts\n",
"P2=0.5*P3*(1-(p2)**2);#power delivered to the port2 in Watts\n",
"#Output\n",
"print \"Thus power delivered to the port1 and port2 are\",round(P1,5), \"W,\",P2,\" W respectively\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Thus power delivered to the port1 and port2 are 0.00992 W, 0.0096 W respectively\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.7, Page number 240"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Calculate\n",
"from numpy import array\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"Il=0.5 #inserion loss(dB)\n",
"Is = 30 #isolation loss(dB)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"#Il = -20log(S21)\n",
"S21 = 10**(-Il/20)\n",
"#Is = -20log(S12)\n",
"S12 = 10**(-Is/20)\n",
"#Perfectly matched ports\n",
"S11=0\n",
"S22=0\n",
"\n",
"S = array([[S11,S12],[S21,S22]])\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The scattering matrix is:\\n\",S\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"The scattering matrix is:\n",
"[[ 0. 0.01 ]\n",
" [ 0.94406088 0. ]]\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.9, Page number 241"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.9, Page 241\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"\n",
"#Input parameters\n",
"ins=0.5;#insertion loss in db\n",
"iso=20;#isolation loss in db\n",
"S=2;#VSWR \n",
"#Calculations\n",
"S21=10**-(ins/20.);#insertion loss=0.5=-20*log[S21]\n",
"S13=S21;\n",
"S32=S13;\n",
"S12=10**-(iso/20.);#isolation loss=30=-20*log[s12]\n",
"S23=S12;\n",
"S31=S23;\n",
"p=(S-1)/(S+1);\n",
"S11=p;\n",
"S22=p;\n",
"S33=p;\n",
"S=([[S11,S12,S13],[S21,S22,S23],[S31,S32,S33]]);\n",
"print S\n",
"#for a perfectly matched,non-reciprocal,lossless 3-port circulator,[S] is given by\n",
"#[S]=[0,0,S13;S21,0,0;,0,S32,0]\n",
"#i.e.,S13=S21=S32=1\n",
"#[S]=[0,0,1;1,0,0;0,1,0]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"[[0, 0.1, 0.9440608762859234], [0.9440608762859234, 0, 0.1], [0.1, 0.9440608762859234, 0]]\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.10, Page number 242"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Calculate The output power at the port\n",
"import math\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"Pi = 90. #power source(W)\n",
"C = 20 #dB\n",
"D = 35 #dB\n",
"Is = 0.5 #insertion loss(dB)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"#C = 20=10log(Pi/Pf)\n",
"Pf = Pi/(10**(20./10.))\n",
"#D=350=10log(Pf/Pb)\n",
"Pb = Pf/(10**(35./10.))\n",
"Pr = Pi-Pf-Pb #received power\n",
"Pr_db = 10*math.log10(Pi/Pr)\n",
"Pr_dash=Pr_db-Is\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The output power at the port is\",round(Pr_dash,3),\"dB\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"The output power at the port is -0.456 dB\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.11, Page number 243"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Chapter-6, Example 6.11, Page 242\n",
"#=============================================================================\n",
"import math\n",
"import cmath\n",
"from math import sin\n",
"from math import cos,log10\n",
"#Calculations\n",
"S13=0.1*(cos(90*math.pi/180.)+(1j)*sin(90*math.pi/180.));#conversion from polar to rectangular\n",
"S13=abs(S13);\n",
"C=-20*log10(S13);#coupling coefficient in dB\n",
"S14=0.05*(cos(90*math.pi/180.)+(1j)*sin(90*math.pi/180.));#conversion from polar to rectangular\n",
"S14=abs(S14);\n",
"D=20*log10(S13/S14);#directivity in dB\n",
"I=-20*log10(S14);#isolation in dB\n",
"print \"Thus coupling,directivity and isolation are\",C,\" dB\",round(D,1),\"dB and\",round(I,0),\"dB respetively \"\n",
" "
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Thus coupling,directivity and isolation are 20.0 dB 6.0 dB and 26.0 dB respetively \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 8
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.12, Page number 244"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Calculate VSWR\n",
"import math\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"lamda2 = 3.5 #distance between 2 minimas(cm)\n",
"lamda_g = 7 #guided wavelength(cm)\n",
"d2_1 = 2.5*10**-1 #distance between minimum power points(cm)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"S = lamda_g/(math.pi*d2_1)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"VSWR =\",round(S,4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"VSWR = 8.9127\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 6.13, Page number 244"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#calculate Phase shift introduced\n",
"#chapter-6 page 244 example 6.13\n",
"import math\n",
"wg=7.2##guide wavelength in cm\n",
"x=10.5##Position of reference null without the waveguide component in cm\n",
"y=9.3##Position of reference null with the waveguide component in cm\n",
"\n",
"#CALCULATION\n",
"z=x-y##Path difference introduced due to the component in cm\n",
"p=(2.*(math.pi)*(z/wg))##Phase difference introduced in rad\n",
"Pd=(p*180.)/(math.pi)##Phase shift introduced in deg\n",
"\n",
"#OUTPUT\n",
"print '%s %.2f %s' %('\\nPhase shift introduced is Pd=',Pd,'deg')#\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"\n",
"Phase shift introduced is Pd= 60.00 deg\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}