{ "metadata": { "name": "", "signature": "sha256:6e08f75972be45750168908e0258e415f396bd3e7aae6981e62e0a4fd06177dc" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Chapter 9 - Fluid flow about immersed bodies" ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1a - Pg 389" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the values of Fd\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "import numpy\n", "rho=2.45 #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=9.2e-3 #lb-sec/ft^2\n", "x=3.\n", "v=3. #ft/s\n", "B=6./12. #ft\n", "L=36./12. #ft\n", "#calculatons\n", "Nr=v*x*rho/mu\n", "y=([1.32, 1.46, 1.328])\n", "Cd = numpy.zeros(len(y))\n", "for i in range (0, len(y)):\n", "\tCd[i]=y[i]*math.pow(Nr,(-0.5))\n", "Fd = numpy.zeros(len(Cd))\n", "for i in range (0, len(y)):\n", "\tFd[i]=2*Cd[i]*B*L*(0.5*rho*v*v)\n", "\n", "#results\n", "print '%s' %(\"Drag on the plates using different formulae blasius, parabola and pohlhauser in order\")\n", "print '%.3f %.3f %.3f' %(Fd[0],Fd[1],Fd[2])" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Drag on the plates using different formulae blasius, parabola and pohlhauser in order\n", "0.892 0.986 0.897\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 1 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1b - Pg 390" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calcualte the boundary layer thickness and the shearing thickness\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "import numpy\n", "x=36./12.\n", "rho=2.45 #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=9.2e-3 #lb-sec/ft^2\n", "v=3. #ft/s\n", "#calculatons\n", "Nr=v*x*rho/mu\n", "z=([4.91, 5.48, 4.65])\n", "x=36./12.\n", "delta = numpy.zeros(len(z))\n", "for i in range (0, len(z)):\n", "\tdelta[i]=z[i] /math.sqrt(Nr) *x\n", "\n", "\n", "f=([0.332, 0.365, 0.322])\n", "T=numpy.zeros(len(f))\n", "for i in range (0,len(f)):\n", "\tT[i]=f[i]*mu*v/x *math.sqrt(Nr)\n", "\n", "#results\n", "print '%s' %(\"Boundary layer thickness = \")\n", "print '%s' %(\"In order of Blasius, parabola and pohlhauser\")\n", "print '%.3f %.3f %.3f' %(delta[0],delta[1],delta[2])\n", "print '%s' %(\"Shearing stress = \")\n", "print '%s' %(\"In order of Blasius, parabola and pohlhauser\")\n", "print '%.3f %.3f %.3f' %(T[0],T[1],T[2])\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Boundary layer thickness = \n", "In order of Blasius, parabola and pohlhauser\n", "0.301 0.336 0.285\n", "Shearing stress = \n", "In order of Blasius, parabola and pohlhauser\n", "0.150 0.164 0.145\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2a - Pg 398" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the total frictional drag and horsepower required\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "e=0.01 #ft\n", "rho=2 #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=2.6e-5 #lb sec/ft^2\n", "speed=10. #knots\n", "L=250. #ft\n", "A=30000. #ft^2\n", "#calculations\n", "V=speed*1.69\n", "Nrl=V*L*rho/mu\n", "Cdf=1.32 /math.sqrt(Nrl)\n", "Fd=Cdf*A*0.5*rho*V*V\n", "hp=Fd*V/550.\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %d %s' %(\"Total frictional drag =\",Fd,\"lb\")\n", "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"\\n Horsepower required =\",hp,\"hp\")\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total frictional drag = 627 lb\n", "\n", " Horsepower required = 19.3 hp\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 3 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2b - Pg 397" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the total frictional drag and horsepower required\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "e=0.01 #ft\n", "rho=2 #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=2.6e-5 #lb sec/ft^2\n", "speed=10 #knots\n", "L=250. #ft\n", "A=30000. #ft^2\n", "#calculations\n", "V=speed*1.69\n", "Nrl=V*L*rho/mu\n", "Cdf=0.074/math.pow(Nrl,0.2) -1700./Nrl\n", "Fd=Cdf*A*0.5*rho*V*V\n", "hp=Fd*V/550.\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %d %s' %(\"Total frictional drag =\",Fd,\"lb\")\n", "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"\\n Horsepower required =\",hp,\"hp\")\n", "print '%s' %(\"The answer given in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator\")\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total frictional drag = 12537 lb\n", "\n", " Horsepower required = 385.2 hp\n", "The answer given in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 2c - Pg 398" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the total frictional drag and horsepower required\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "e=0.01 #ft\n", "rho=2. #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=2.6e-5 #lb sec/ft^2\n", "speed=10. #knots\n", "L=250. #ft\n", "A=30000. #ft^2\n", "#calculations\n", "V=speed*1.69\n", "Nrl=V*L*rho/mu\n", "Cdf=1/math.pow((1.89 + 1.62*math.log10(L/e)),(2.5))\n", "Fd=Cdf*A*0.5*rho*V*V\n", "hp=Fd*V/550.\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %d %s' %(\"Total frictional drag =\",Fd,\"lb\")\n", "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"\\n Horsepower required =\",hp,\"hp\")\n", "print '%s' %(\"The answers are a bit different from textbook due to rounding off error\")" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total frictional drag = 35117 lb\n", "\n", " Horsepower required = 1079.1 hp\n", "The answers are a bit different from textbook due to rounding off error\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 1 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 3 - Pg 398" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the drag on the model\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "V=200. #ft/s\n", "L=5. #ft\n", "B=2. #ft\n", "rho=0.00232 #slug/ft^3\n", "mu=3.82e-7 #lb-sec/ft^2\n", "p2=14.815 #psia\n", "pa=14.7 #psia\n", "#calculations\n", "Nr=V*L*rho/mu\n", "Cdf=0.0032\n", "Fdf=Cdf*math.pi*L*B*0.5*rho*V*V\n", "Fd=(p2-pa)*math.pi/4. *(B*12)*(B*12) -Fdf\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"Drag on the model =\",Fd,\"lb\")\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Drag on the model = 47.36 lb\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 4 - Pg 405" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the velocity of the flow\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "p1=14.7 #psia\n", "z1=3 #ft\n", "gam=62.4\n", "rho=1.94 #slug/ft^3\n", "pa=0.4 #psia\n", "za=1 #ft\n", "#calculations\n", "v3=(pa-p1)*144 + (za-z1)*gam\n", "V=math.sqrt(-v3*2/(3*rho))\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"Velocity of flow =\",V,\" ft/s\")\n", "print '%s' %(\"The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook\")\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Velocity of flow = 27.4 ft/s\n", "The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 8 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 5 - Pg 410" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the horsepower required\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "rpm=60. \n", "rho=2. #slugs/ft^3\n", "mu=3.5e-5 #lb-sec/ft^2\n", "D=4./12. #ft\n", "r=2. #ft\n", "#calcualtions\n", "V=rpm*2*math.pi/60. *2\n", "Nr=V*D*rho/mu\n", "Cd=1.1\n", "Fd=Cd*math.pi/4. *(D)*D *0.5*rho*V*V\n", "T=2*Fd*r\n", "w=rpm*2*math.pi/60.\n", "hp=T*w/550.\n", "#results\n", "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"Horsepower required =\",hp,\" hp\")\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Horsepower required = 0.69 hp\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 9 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 6 - Pg 414" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "#calculate the terminal velocity\n", "#Initialization of variables\n", "import math\n", "g=32.2 #ft/s^2\n", "h=60000. #ft\n", "F=2000. #;b\n", "d=3. #ft\n", "rho=0.00231\n", "#calculations\n", "V=math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", "print '%s' %(\"By trail and error\")\n", "Cd=0.25\n", "Nm=0.87\n", "A=math.pi/4. *d*d\n", "Vt=math.sqrt(2*F/(Cd*A*rho))\n", "#results \n", "print '%s %.1f %s' %(\"terminal velocity =\",Vt,\" ft/s\")\n", "print '%s' %(\"The answers are a bit different from textbook due to rounding off error\")" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "By trail and error\n", "terminal velocity = 989.9 ft/s\n", "The answers are a bit different from textbook due to rounding off error\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }