{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
"signature": "sha256:33c973de032c4928bee62a1f4d5e7589d324d9f00e5e077d3c7727973049f86e"
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"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter 4 : Flow Through Orifices"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.2 Page No : 83"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"q = 0.0982\n",
"d = 0.12\n",
"H = 10.\n",
"x = 4.5\n",
"y = 0.54\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"Vth = (2*g*H)**0.5\n",
"a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
"Qth = Vth*a\n",
"Cd = q/Qth\n",
"Cv = ((x*x)/(4*y*H))**0.5\n",
"Cc = Cd/Cv\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"Cd ,Cv, Cc of the orifice\",round(Cd,4),round(Cv,3),round(Cc,2)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Cd ,Cv, Cc of the orifice 0.6198 0.968 0.64\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.3 Page No : 83"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"D = 0.1\n",
"d = 0.05\n",
"q = 0.02\n",
"A = 3.142*D*D/4\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"w = 9810.\n",
"p = 58.86*1000\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"v = q/A\n",
"Vh = (v*v)/(2*g)\n",
"Ph = p/w\n",
"Th = Ph+Vh\n",
"a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
"Cd = q/(a*((2*g*Th)**0.5))\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"co-efficient of discharge\",round(Cd,3)\n",
"\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"co-efficient of discharge 0.914\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.4 Page No : 85"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"Cd = 0.6\n",
"H1 = 3.\n",
"H2 = 4.\n",
"b = 2.\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"Q = (2*Cd*b*((2*g)**0.5)*((H2*H2*H2)**0.5-(H1*H1*H1)**0.5))/3\n",
"q1 = Q*1000\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"dischsrge flow rate in litres/sec\",round(q1,1)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"dischsrge flow rate in litres/sec 9935.6\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.5 Page No : 85"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"b = 0.75\n",
"H1 = 2.25\n",
"H2 = 2.5\n",
"H = 0.5\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"Cd = 0.62\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"Q = Cd*b*(H2-H1)*((2*g*H)**0.5)\n",
"Q1 = Q*1000\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"discherge through the orifice in litres/sec\",round(Q1,1)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"discherge through the orifice in litres/sec 364.1\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.6 Page No : 86"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"b = 2.\n",
"d = 3.\n",
"H1 = 4.\n",
"H2 = 7.\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"H = 0.8+H1\n",
"Cd = 0.62\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"Q1 = (2*Cd*b*((2*g)**0.5)*((H*H*H)**0.5-(H1*H1*H1)**0.5))/3\n",
"Q2 = Cd*b*(H2-H)*((2*g*H)**0.5)\n",
"Q = Q1+Q2\n",
"q = Q*1000\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"Discharge in litres/sec\",round(q,3)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Discharge in litres/sec 35687.468\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.7 Page No : 87"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"l = 20.\n",
"b = 10.\n",
"a = l*b\n",
"H1 = 1.5\n",
"Cd = 0.62\n",
"H2 = 0\n",
"T = 5.*60\n",
"n = 4.\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"a1 = (2*a*((H1**0.5)-(H2**0.5)))/(Cd*T*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
"d = ((4*a1)/(3.142*n))**0.5\n",
"d1 = d*100\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"diameter of the orifice in cm\",round(d1,1)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"diameter of the orifice in cm 43.5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.8 Page No : 88"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"l1 = 10.\n",
"b1 = 5.\n",
"l2 = 5.\n",
"b2 = 2.5\n",
"a1 = l1*b1\n",
"a2 = l2*b2\n",
"d = 0.2\n",
"a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
"H1 = 4.\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"q = 25.\n",
"Cd = 0.62\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"h1 = q/a1\n",
"h2 = q/a2\n",
"H2 = H1-h1-h2\n",
"T = (2*a1*a2*((H1)**0.5-(H2)**0.5))/(a*Cd*(a1+a2)*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"time taken to flow 25 m3 in sec\",round(T,1)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"time taken to flow 25 m3 in sec 179.7\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.9 Page No : 89"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"import math\n",
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"Cd = 0.8\n",
"D = 2.\n",
"r = 1.\n",
"H1 = 2.\n",
"d = 0.1\n",
"a = math.pi*d*d/4\n",
"l = 8.\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"T = (4*l*((2*r)**1.5-(2*r-H1)**1.5))/(3*Cd*a*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"time taken for emptying the boiler in min\",round((T/60),1)\n",
"\n",
"# note : rounding off error."
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"time taken for emptying the boiler in min 18.1\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 4.10 Page No : 89"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# Variables\n",
"r = 5.\n",
"h1 = 5.\n",
"d = 0.08\n",
"a = 0.005\n",
"h2 = h1-2\n",
"\n",
"# Calculations \n",
"Cd = 0.6\n",
"g = 9.81\n",
"z = ((2*r*((h1**1.5)-(h2**1.5)))/3)-((((h1**2.5)-(h2**2.5)))/5)\n",
"T = (z*2*3.142)/(Cd*a*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
"\n",
"# Results \n",
"print \"time in seconds to lower the level by 2m\",round(T,0)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"time in seconds to lower the level by 2m 5620.0\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": []
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}