{
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"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"8: Magnetic materials and Spectroscopy"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.1, Page number 153"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"mew=0.9*10**-23; #magnetic dipole moment(J/T)\n",
"B=0.72; #magnetic field applied(T)\n",
"k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"T=(2*mew*B)/(3*k); #temperature(K)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The temperature is\",round(T,2),\"K\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"The temperature is 0.31 K\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.2, Page number 153"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"#(C=mew0*M*T)/B.\n",
"#Therefore M=(C*B)/(mew0*T)\n",
"C=2*10**-3; #C is curies constant(K)\n",
"B=0.4; #applied magnetic field(T)\n",
"mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7;\n",
"T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"M=(C*B)/(mew0*T); #magnetisation(A/m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"magnetisation is\",round(M,2),\"A/m\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"magnetisation is 2.12 A/m\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.3, Page number 153"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
"B=0.35; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"lamda=500*10**-9; #wavelength(m)\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31;\n",
"c=3*10**8; #speed of light \n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"deltalambda=(e*B*(lamda)**2)/(4*(math.pi)*m*c*10**-9); #Zeeman shift in wave length(nm)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"Zeeman shift in wave length is\",round(deltalambda,5),\"nm\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Zeeman shift in wave length is 0.00408 nm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.4, Page number 154"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"#T=(C*B)/(mew0*B)\n",
"C=2.1*10**-3; #C is curie's constant(K)\n",
"B=0.38; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7; #molecular magnetic moment\n",
"M=2.15; #magnetisation(A/m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"T=(C*B)/(mew0*M); #temperature(K)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"Temperature is\",round(T,1),\"K\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Temperature is 295.4 K\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.5, Page number 154"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"#(M1*T1)=(M2*T2).Therefore M2=(M1*T1)/T2\n",
"M1=2; #Initial magnetisation(A/m)\n",
"T1=305; #Initial temperature(K)\n",
"T2=321;\t\t #final temperature(K)\t\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"M2=(M1*T1)/T2; #magnetisation at 321K(A/m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"Magnetisation at 321 K is\",round(M2,1),\"A/m\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Magnetisation at 321 K is 1.9 A/m\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 11
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.6, Page number 154"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7; #molecular magnetic moment\n",
"M=4; #magnetisation(A/m)\n",
"T=310; #temperature(K)\n",
"C=1.9*10**-3; #Curie's constant(K)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"B=(mew0*M*T)/C; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"Magnetic field is\",round(B,2),\"T\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Magnetic field is 0.82 T\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 13
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.7, Page number 154"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"#e/m is gyromagnetic ratio.\n",
"deltalambda=0.01*10**-9; #Zeeman shift(m)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #speed of light in vacuum(m/s)\n",
"lamda=600*10**-9; #wavelength(m)\n",
"e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
"m=9.1*10**-31;\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"B=(deltalambda*4*math.pi*m*c)/(e*(lamda)**2); #uniform magnetic field(T)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"Magnetic field is\",round(B,4),\"T\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Magnetic field is 0.5956 T\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 16
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 8.8, Page number 154"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"deltalambda=0.01*10**-9; #Zeeman shift(m)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #speed of light in vacuum(m/s)\n",
"B=0.78; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"lamda=550*10**-9; #wavelength(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation \n",
"Y=(deltalambda*4*math.pi*3*10**8)/(B*(lamda)**2); #e/m ratio(C/kg)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"e/m ratio is\",round(Y/10**11,1),\"*10**11 C/kg\"\n",
"print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"e/m ratio is 1.6 *10**11 C/kg\n",
"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 21
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}