{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"#4: Wave Optics"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.1, Page number 92"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The wavelength of light used is 640 nm\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"n=125; #number of fingers cross the field of view\n",
"d=0.04*10**-3; #distance of one of mirror moved(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"w=2*d/n; #wavelength of light used(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The wavelength of light used is\",int(w*10**9),\"nm\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.2, Page number 92"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The wavelength of light used is 600.0 nm\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"Ri=1.5; #refractive index of thin film of glass\n",
"n=30; #number of fringes of sodium light is observed across the field of view\n",
"t=0.018*10**-3; #thickness of glass film(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"w=2*(Ri-1)*t/n; #wavelength of the light used(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The wavelength of light used is\",w*10**9,\"nm\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.3, Page number 92"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The wavelength of the monochromatic source used is 589.0 nm\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"n=200; #number of fringes cross the field of view\n",
"d=0.0589*10**-3; #distance of mirror displaced(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"w=2*d/n; #wavelength of the monochromatic source used(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The wavelength of the monochromatic source used is\",w*10**9,\"nm\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.4, Page number 92"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false,
"scrolled": true
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The thickness of the film is 1.9636 *10**-4 m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"x=1.55; #refractive index of transparent film of glass \n",
"w=480*10**-9; #wavelength of light(m)\n",
"n=450; #number of fringes to sweep across the field\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=n*w/(2*(x-1)); #thickness of the film(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The thickness of the film is\",round(t*10**4,4),\"*10**-4 m\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.5, Page number 93"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The refractive index of material is 1.675\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"t=0.004*10**-2; #thickness of transparent sheet(m)\n",
"d=0.0027*10**-2; #distance of mirror displaced(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"X=(d/t)+1; #refractive index of the material\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The refractive index of material is\",X"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.6, Page number 93"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The number of fringes shifted across the cross wire of eye piece of the telescope is 110\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"d=0.03205*10**-3; #distance of movable mirror displaced(m)\n",
"w=580.9*10**-9; #wavelength of light(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"n=2*d/w; #number of fringes shifted across the cross wire of eye piece of the telescope\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The number of fringes shifted across the cross wire of eye piece of the telescope is\",int(n)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.7, Page number 101"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The thickness of a quarter wave plate of quartz for sodium light is 7.36625 micro m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"w=5893*10**-10; #wavelength of sodium light(m)\n",
"Re=1.5532; #Refractive index of quartz for e ray\n",
"Ro=1.5332; #Refractive index of quartz for o ray\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=w/(4*(Re-Ro)); #thickness of a quarter wave plate of quartz for sodium light(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The thickness of a quarter wave plate of quartz for sodium light is\",t*10**6,\"micro m\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.8, Page number 102"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 19,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The thickness of a double refracting crystal required at w/2 is 2.727 micro m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"w=6000*10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
"Re=1.54; #Refractive index of double refracting crystal for e ray\n",
"Ro=1.65; #Refractive index of double refracting crystal for o ray\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=w/(2*(Ro-Re)); #thickness of a double refracting crystal required at w/2(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The thickness of a double refracting crystal required at w/2 is\",round(t*10**6,3),\"micro m\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.9, Page number 102"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 21,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The least thickness of a plate when the emergent beam will be plane polarised is 9.54 micro m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"w=5*10**-7; #wavelength(m)\n",
"Re=1.5573; #Refractive index for e ray when the emergent beam will be plane polarised\n",
"Ro=1.5442; #Refractive index for o ray when the emergent beam will be plane polarised\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=w/(4*(Re-Ro)); #least thickness of a plate(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The least thickness of a plate when the emergent beam will be plane polarised is\",round(t*10**6,2),\"micro m\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.10, Page number 102"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 24,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The thickness of the quarter wave plate for calcite is 1.713 *10**-6 m\n",
"answer given in the book is wrong\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"w=5893*10**-10; #wavelength of sodium light(m)\n",
"Ro=1.658; #Refractive index of calcite for o ray\n",
"Re=1.486; #Refractive index of calcite for e ray\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=w/(2*(Ro-Re)); #thickness of the quarter wave plate for calcite(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The thickness of the quarter wave plate for calcite is\",round(t*10**6,3),\"*10**-6 m\"\n",
"print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.11, Page number 102"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 26,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The wavelength for which it can act as a half wave plate is 600.0 *10**-9 m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"t=30*10**-6; #thickness of wave plate(m)\n",
"Ro=1.55; #Refractive index of wave plate for o ray\n",
"Re=1.54; #Refractive index of wave plate for e ray\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"w=2*t*(Ro-Re); #wavelength for which it can act as a half wave plate(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The wavelength for which it can act as a half wave plate is\",w*10**9,\"*10**-9 m\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"##Example number 4.12, Page number 102"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 28,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"The thickness of a mica sheet required for making a half wave plate for a light is 4.5508 *10**-5 m\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"w=546.1*10**-9; #wavelength of light(m)\n",
"Re=1.592; #Refractive index of mica for e ray\n",
"Ro=1.586; #Refractive index of mica for o ray\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"t=w/(2*(Re-Ro)); #thickness of a mica sheet(m)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The thickness of a mica sheet required for making a half wave plate for a light is\",round(t*10**5,4),\"*10**-5 m\""
]
}
],
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