{ "metadata": { "name": "chapter1.ipynb" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Chapter 1:Vectors" ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-1,Page no: 8" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initialisation of Variables\n", "\n", "f1=120 #lb\n", "f2=100 #lb\n", "theta=((60*pi)/180) #radians\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "R=sqrt(120**2+100**2-(2*120*100*cos(theta))) #Applying Thr rule of Cosines\n", "alpha1=(((arcsin(120*sin(theta)/111))*180)/pi) #Applying the Law of Sines\n", "alpha=alpha1+270 #As the vector lies in the fourth Quadrant by obsrevaton\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print'The Resultant of The force system is equal to',round(R),\"lb\" #lb\n", "print'The Resultant is at',round(alpha),\"degrees\" #degrees\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The Resultant of The force system is equal to 111.0 lb\n", "The Resultant is at 339.0 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 32 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-2,Page no: 9" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "P=100 #lb\n", "Q=120 #lb\n", "theta=((30*pi)/180) #radians\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "R_x=Q*cos(theta) #lb\n", "R_y=Q*sin(theta)-P #lb\n", "R=sqrt(R_x**2+R_y**2) #lb Triangle law\n", "Theta_1=((arctan(R_y/R_x))*180)/pi #degrees\n", "Theta_R=360+Theta_1 #degrees\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The resultant of the force system is',round(R),\"lb\"\n", "print'The resultant is at',round(Theta_R),\"degrees\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The resultant of the force system is 111.0 lb\n", "The resultant is at 339.0 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 1 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-3,Page No: 9" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "# Initialization of variables\n", "\n", "R=400 # N\n", "F2=200 # N\n", "Theta1=((120*pi)/180) # radians\n", "Theta2=((20*pi)/180) # radians\n", "Theta=Theta1-Theta2 # radians\n", "\n", "# Calculation\n", "\n", "F=sqrt(R**2+F2**2-(2*R*F2*cos(Theta))) # N.Applying the Rule of Cosine\n", "Theta_r=arcsin((400*sin(Theta))/F) #radians Applying the rule of sines\n", "Theta_R=(Theta_r*180)/pi\n", "\n", "# Result\n", "\n", "print'The resultant of the force system is',round(F),\"N\"\n", "print'The Angle between F and 200N force is',round(Theta_R,1),\"degrees\"\n", "\n", "# Theta_R is off by 0.1 degrees" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The resultant of the force system is 477.0 N\n", "The Angle between F and 200N force is 55.6 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 1 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-4, Page No: 9" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "# Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "F1=280 # N\n", "F2=130 # N\n", "Theta1=((320*pi)/180) # Radians\n", "Theta2=((60*pi)/180) # Radians\n", "\n", "# Calculations\n", "\n", "R_x=-F1*cos(Theta1)+F2*cos(Theta2) # N\n", "R_y=F1*sin(Theta1)-F2*sin(Theta2) # N\n", "R=sqrt(R_x**2+R_y**2) # N Applying Triangle Law\n", "ThetaR=arctan(R_y/R_x) # radians\n", "Theta_R=360-(ThetaR*180/pi) # degrees\n", "\n", "# Result\n", "\n", "print'The resultant of the force system is',round(R),\"N\"\n", "print'The resultant is at',round(Theta_R),\"degrees\"\n", "\n", "# The answer for R waries from textbook. " ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The resultant of the force system is 329.0 N\n", "The resultant is at 297.0 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 35 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-5, Page No: 10" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "# Initialization of variables\n", "\n", "F1=26 #lb\n", "F2=39 #lb\n", "F3=63 #lb\n", "F4=57 #lb\n", "T1=((10*pi)/180) #Radians\n", "T2=((114*pi)/180) #Radians\n", "T3=((183*pi)/180) #radians\n", "T4=((261*pi)/180) #radians\n", "\n", "# Calculations\n", "\n", "R_x=F1*cos(T1)+F2*cos(T2)+F3*cos(T3)+F4*cos(T4) # lb Resolving vectors\n", "R_y=F1*sin(T1)+F2*sin(T2)+F3*sin(T3)+F4*sin(T4) # lb resolving vectors\n", "R=sqrt(R_x**2+R_y**2) # lb Applying Triangle Law\n", "theta=arctan(R_y/R_x)# radians\n", "Theta=(theta*180)/pi # degrees\n", "Theta_R=180+Theta\n", "\n", "# Results\n", "\n", "print'The Resultant of the force system is',round(R),\"lb\"\n", "print'The resultant is at',round(Theta_R),\"degrees\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The Resultant of the force system is 65.0 lb\n", "The resultant is at 197.0 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 36 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-6, Page No: 11" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "F=10 #lb\n", "theta1=((60*pi)/180) #radians\n", "theta2=((45*pi)/180) #radians\n", "theta=theta1-theta2 #radians\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "\n", "F_OH=F/cos(theta) #lb resolving vectors\n", "\n", "# Result\n", "\n", "print'The component of F in the direction of OH is',round(F_OH,2),\"lb\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The component of F in the direction of OH is 10.35 lb\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 11 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-7, Page No: 11" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "weight=80 #kg\n", "theta=((20*pi)/180) #radians\n", "theta_p=((70*pi)/180) # radians\n", "\n", "#Calcuations\n", "\n", "#Part (a)\n", "F=weight*9.81 # N\n", "R=F*cos(theta) #N\n", "#part (b)\n", "R_p=F*cos(theta_p) #N\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The normal component is',round(R),\"N\"\n", "print'The parallel component is',round(R_p),\"N\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The normal component is 737.0 N\n", "The parallel component is 268.0 N\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 37 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-8, Page No: 11" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "P=235 #N\n", "theta=((60*pi)/180) #radians\n", "bet=((22*pi)/180) #radians\n", "gam=((38*pi)/180) #radians\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "#Part (a)\n", "P_h=P*cos(theta) #N\n", "P_v=P*sin(theta) #N\n", "#Part (b)\n", "P_l=P*cos(theta-bet) #N\n", "P_p=P*sin(gam) #N\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The horizontal component is',round(P_h,1),\"N\"\n", "print'The vertical component is',round(P_v,1),\"N\"\n", "print'The component parallel to plane is',round(P_l),\"N\"\n", "print'The component perpendicular to the plane is',round(P_p,1),\"N\"\n", "\n", "#The decimal point accuracy might cause a small discrepancy in the answers\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The horizontal component is 117.5 N\n", "The vertical component is 203.5 N\n", "The component parallel to plane is 185.0 N\n", "The component perpendicular to the plane is 144.7 N\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-9, Page No: 12" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "F1=90 #lb\n", "theta1=((40*pi)/180) #radians\n", "theta2=((30*pi)/180) #radians\n", "\n", "# Calculations\n", "\n", "R_x=0 #lb\n", "R_y=20 # lb\n", "#Taking the sum of forces in the X-Direction\n", "P=((F1*cos(theta1))/cos(theta2)) # lb\n", "# Taking the sum of the forces in the Y-Direction\n", "F=(P*sin(theta2))+(F1*sin(theta1))-20 #lb\n", "\n", "# Results\n", "\n", "print'The value of P is',round(P,1),\"lb\"\n", "print'The value of F is',round(F,1),\"lb\"\n", "\n", "# Decimal point error may cause a small discrepancy in the answers." ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The value of P is 79.6 lb\n", "The value of F is 77.7 lb\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 23 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-10, Page No: 12" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "x=4 # m\n", "y=3 # m\n", "z=2 # m\n", "F=50 #N\n", "\n", "# Calculations\n", "\n", "OP=sqrt(x**2+y**2+z**2) #m\n", "thetax=(x/OP) #radians\n", "thetay=(y/OP) #Radians\n", "thetaz=(z/OP) #radians\n", "P_x=F*(thetax) #N\n", "P_y=F*(thetay) #N\n", "P_z=F*(thetaz) #N\n", "\n", "# Result\n", "\n", "print'The vector P is',round(P_x,1),\"i +\",round(P_y,1),\"j +\",round(P_z,1),\"k\"\n", "\n", "# component of i is off by 0.1 units" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The vector P is 37.1 i + 27.9 j + 18.6 k\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-11, Page No: 12" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "x=2 \n", "y=-4\n", "z=1\n", "F=100 #N\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "\n", "thetax=x/sqrt(x**2+y**2+z**2) #radians\n", "thetay=y/sqrt(x**2+y**2+z**2) #radians\n", "thetaz=z/sqrt(x**2+y**2+z**2) #radians\n", "P_x=F*thetax #N\n", "P_y=F*thetay #N\n", "P_z=F*thetaz #N\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The vector P is',round(P_x,1),\"i\",round(P_y,1),\"j +\",round(P_z,1),\"k\"\n", "\n", "# component off i is off by 0.1 units" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The vector P is 43.6 i -87.3 j + 21.8 k\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 3 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-12, Page No: 13" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Solution\n", "\n", "print'P X Q=(Pxi+Pyj+Pzk)x(Qxi+Qyj+Qzk)'\n", "print' =(PxQx)i x i+(PxQy)i x j +(PxQz)i x k'\n", "print'But i x i = j x j = k x k =0; and i x j =k and j x i= -k, etc. Hence'\n", "print'P X Q= (PxQy)k-(PxQz)j-(PyQx)k+(PxQz)i+(PzQx)j-(PzQy)i'\n", "print'These terms can be grouped as'\n", "print'P X Q=(PyQz-PzQy)i+(PzQx-PxQz)j+(PxQy-PyQx)k'\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "P X Q=(Pxi+Pyj+Pzk)x(Qxi+Qyj+Qzk)\n", " =(PxQx)i x i+(PxQy)i x j +(PxQz)i x k\n", "But i x i = j x j = k x k =0; and i x j =k and j x i= -k, etc. Hence\n", "P X Q= (PxQy)k-(PxQz)j-(PyQx)k+(PxQz)i+(PzQx)j-(PzQy)i\n", "These terms can be grouped as\n", "P X Q=(PyQz-PzQy)i+(PzQx-PxQz)j+(PxQy-PyQx)k\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 21 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-13,Page No: 13" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "Fx=2.63 #N\n", "Fy=4.28 #N\n", "Fz=-5.92 #N\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "\n", "F=sqrt(Fx**2+Fy**2+Fz**2) #N\n", "thetax=((arccos(Fx/F))*180)/pi #degrees\n", "thetay=((arccos(Fy/F))*180)/pi #degrees\n", "thetaz=((arccos(Fz/F))*180)/pi #degrees\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The magnitude of force is',round(F,2),\"N\"\n", "print'Thetax',round(thetax,1),\"degrees\"\n", "print'Thetay',round(thetay,1),\"degrees\"\n", "print'Thetaz',round(thetaz,1),\"degrees\"\n", "\n", "# Decimal point error may cause a small discrepancy in the answers." ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The magnitude of force is 7.76 N\n", "Thetax 70.2 degrees\n", "Thetay 56.5 degrees\n", "Thetaz 139.7 degrees\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 24 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-14, Page No: 13" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "P=[4.82, -2.33, 5.47] #N\n", "Q=[-2.81,-6.09,1.12 ] #m\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "M=P[0]*Q[0]+P[1]*Q[1]+P[2]*Q[2] #Nm\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print'Result is',round(M,2),\"N.m\"\n", "\n", "# Decimal point error in calculation causes a small discrepancy in the answer." ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Result is 6.77 N.m\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 29 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-15, Page No: 13" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "import numpy as np\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "x1=2 #units\n", "x2=-2 #units\n", "y1=3 #units\n", "y2=4 #units\n", "z1=0 #units\n", "z2=6 #units\n", "P=np.array([2,3,-1]) #units\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "X=sqrt((x2-x1)**2+(y2-y1)**2+(z2-z1)**2) #units\n", "eLx=(x2-x1)/X #units\n", "eLy=(y2-y1)/X #units\n", "eLz=(z2-z1)/X #units\n", "Q=np.array([eLx,eLy,eLz]) #units\n", "Z=P[0]*Q[0]+P[1]*Q[1]+P[2]*Q[2] # units\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The unit vector is',round(eLx,3),\"i +\",round(eLy,3),\"j +\",round(eLz,3),\"k\"\n", "print'The projection of P is',round(Z,2),\"units\"\n", "\n", "#Note:The final answer for the projection of P is off by 0.1 units\n", "#The answer mentioned in the textbook is -1.41\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The unit vector is -0.549 i + 0.137 j + 0.824 k\n", "The projection of P is -1.51 units\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-16, Page No: 14" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "import numpy as np\n", "#Initilization of variables\n", "\n", "x1=2 #units\n", "x2=5 #units\n", "y1=-5 #units\n", "y2=2 #units\n", "z1=3 #units\n", "z2=-4 #units\n", "P=np.array([10,-8,14]) #units\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "X=sqrt((x2-x1)**2+(y2-y1)**2+(z2-z1)**2) #units\n", "eLx=(x2-x1)/X #units\n", "eLy=(y2-y1)/X #units\n", "eLz=(z2-z1)/X #units\n", "Q=np.array([eLx,eLy,eLz]) #units\n", "Z=P[0]*Q[0]+P[1]*Q[1]+P[2]*Q[2] #units\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The unit vector is',round(eLx,3),\"i +\",round(eLy,3),\"j\",round(eLz,3),\"k\" \n", "print'The projection of P is',round(Z),\"lb\"\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The unit vector is 0.29 i + 0.677 j -0.677 k\n", "The projection of P is -12.0 lb\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-17, Page No: 14\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "Px=2.85 #ft\n", "Py=4.67 #ft\n", "Pz=-8.09 #ft\n", "Qx=28.3 #lb\n", "Qy=44.6 #lb\n", "Qz=53.3 #lb\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "X=(Py*Qz-Pz*Qy) #N.m \n", "Y=(Pz*Qx-Px*Qz) #N.m\n", "Z=(Px*Qy-Py*Qx) #N.m\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print'The cross product is',round(X),\"i\",round(Y),\"j\",round(Z),\"k lb-ft\"\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The cross product is 610.0 i -381.0 j -5.0 k lb-ft\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 45 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-18, Page No: 14" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "#As this is symbolic solution directly print command is being used to give the required output\n", "\n", "print'The Time derivative is '\n", "print'dr/dt=(dx/dt)i+12*y(dy/dt)j-3*(dz/dt)k'\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The Time derivative is \n", "dr/dt=(dx/dt)i+12*y(dy/dt)j-3*(dz/dt)k\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 47 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 1.1-19, Page No: 14" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math\n", "from scipy.integrate import quad\n", "def integrand(x, a, b):\n", " return x**2\n", "a=1\n", "b=1\n", "I=quad(integrand, 1, 3, args=(a,b))\n", "\n", "def integrand(y, a, b):\n", " return 2*y\n", "a=1\n", "b=1\n", "J=quad(integrand, 1, 3, args=(a,b))\n", "\n", "def integrand(z, a, b):\n", " return 1\n", "a=1\n", "b=1\n", "K=quad(integrand, 1, 3, args=(a,b))\n", "\n", "# Results\n", "print'The answer is',round(I[0],2),\"i +\",round(J[0]),\"j -\",round(K[0]),\"k.\"" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The answer is 8.67 i + 8.0 j - 2.0 k.\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 5 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }