{ "metadata": { "name": "", "signature": "sha256:5168da214feed4bdafc5432918593870d207c98c8ad5626a85639886ab07fdcb" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Chapter 13: Antennas

" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.1, Page number: 601

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "H=5*10**-6 #magnetic field strentgh in A/m\n", "theta=scipy.pi/2 \n", "r=2*10**3 #distance in m\n", "Bdl=2*scipy.pi/25\n", "N=10 #number of turns\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "Ia=4*scipy.pi*r*H/(Bdl*scipy.sin(theta)) #current for part (a) in A\n", "Pa=40*scipy.pi**2*(1/25.0)**2*Ia**2 #power for part (a) in W\n", "def pow(Io,Rrad):\n", " P=0.5*Io**2*Rrad\n", " print round(P*10**3,0),'mW'\n", "\n", "denom=scipy.cos(scipy.pi*scipy.cos(theta)/2) \n", "Ib=H*2*scipy.pi*r*scipy.sin(theta)/denom #current for part (b) in A\n", "Rradb=73 #wave impedance in ohms for (b)\n", "Ic=Ib #current for part (c) in A\n", "Rradc=36.56 #wave impedance in ohms for (c)\n", "Id=H*r*400/(10*scipy.pi**2) #current for part (d) in A\n", "Rradd=320*scipy.pi**6*N**2/20**4 #wave impedance in ohms for (d)\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print 'The power transmitted in mW if antenna is ;'\n", "print '(a) A Hertzian dipole of length lambda/25 =','\\n',round(Pa*10**3,0),'mW'\n", "print '(b) A half-wave dipole ='\n", "pow(Ib,Rradb)\n", "print '(c) A quarter-wave monopole ='\n", "pow(Ic,Rradc)\n", "print '(d) A 10-turn loop antenna of radius Po = lambda/20 ='\n", "pow(Id,Rradd)" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The power transmitted in mW if antenna is ;\n", "(a) A Hertzian dipole of length lambda/25 = \n", "158.0 mW\n", "(b) A half-wave dipole =\n", "144.0 mW\n", "(c) A quarter-wave monopole =\n", "72.0 mW\n", "(d) A 10-turn loop antenna of radius Po = lambda/20 =\n", "158.0 mW\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.2, Page number: 603

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\n", "\n", "import scipy\n", "import cmath\n", "from numpy import *\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "c=3*10**8 #speed of wave in m/s\n", "f=50*10**6 #frequency in Hz\n", "E=10*10**-6 #field strength in V/m\n", "theta=scipy.pi/2\n", "r=500*10**3 #distance in m\n", "eta=120*scipy.pi #wave impedance in ohms\n", "Rrad=73 #in ohms\n", "Zo=75 #in ohms\n", "Zl=73+42.5j\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "l=c/(2*f)\n", "I=E*2*r*scipy.pi*sin(theta)/(eta*(cos((scipy.pi/2)*cos(theta))))\n", "P=0.5*I**2*Rrad\n", "T=(Zl-Zo)/(Zl+Zo)\n", "s=(1+abs(T))/(1-abs(T))\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print 'The length of the dipole =',l,'m'\n", "print 'The current that must be fed to the antenna =',round(I*10**3,2),'mA'\n", "print 'The average power radiated by the antenna =',round(P*10**3,1),'mW'\n", "print 'The standing wave ratio =',round(s,4)" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "The length of the dipole = 3 m\n", "The current that must be fed to the antenna = 83.33 mA\n", "The average power radiated by the antenna = 253.5 mW\n", "The standing wave ratio = 1.7636\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 3 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.4, Page number: 610

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "G=5\n", "r=10*10**3 #in m\n", "P=20*10**3 #power in W\n", "n=120*scipy.pi #wave impedance in ohms\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "Gd=10**(G/10.0)\n", "E=scipy.sqrt(n*Gd*P/(2*scipy.pi*r*r)) #field intensity in V/m\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print 'electric field intensity =',round(E,4),'V/m'" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "electric field intensity = 0.1948 V/m\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.5, Page number: 611

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "import scipy.integrate\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "Umax=2.0\n", "\n", "def U(phi,theta):\n", " s=2*scipy.sin(theta)*(scipy.sin(phi))**3/(4.0*scipy.pi)\n", " return s\n", " \n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "if __name__ == '__main__':\n", " \n", " Uav,er=scipy.integrate.dblquad(lambda theta,phi:U(phi,theta)*scipy.sin(theta), \n", " 0, scipy.pi, lambda theta: 0, lambda theta: scipy.pi)\n", "\n", "D=Umax/Uav #Directivity\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print 'directivity of the antenna =',D" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "directivity of the antenna = 6.0\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 5 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.8, Page number: 624

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "c=3*10**8 #speed of wave in m/s\n", "f=30*10**6 #frequency in Hz\n", "E=2*10**-3 #field strength in V/m\n", "n=120*scipy.pi\n", "R=73 \n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "l=c/f #wavelength in m\n", "Gdmax=round(n/(scipy.pi*R),2) \n", "Amax=(l**2/(4*scipy.pi))*Gdmax #maximum effective area in m^2\n", "Pr=(E*E*Amax)/(2*n) #power received in W\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print 'maximum effective area =',round(Amax,2),'m^2'\n", "print 'power received =',round(Pr*10**9,2),'nW'" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "maximum effective area = 13.05 m^2\n", "power received = 69.24 nW\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 6 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.9, Page number: 624

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "Gt=25 #in dB\n", "Gr=18 #in dB\n", "r=200 #in units of lambda\n", "Pr=5*10**-3 #power received in W\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "Gdt=10**(Gt/10.0) \n", "Gdr=10**(Gr/10.0)\n", "Pt=Pr*(4*scipy.pi*r)**2/(Gdr*Gdt)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "\n", "print 'minimum transmitted power =',round(Pt,3),'W'" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "minimum transmitted power = 1.583 W\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "

Example 13.10, Page number: 627

" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ " \n", "import scipy\n", "\n", "#Variable Declaration\n", "\n", "c=3*(10)**8 #speed of wave in m/s\n", "f=3.0*(10)**9 #frequency in Hz\n", "Aet=9 #effective area in m^2\n", "r1=1.852*(10)**5 #distance in m\n", "r2=4*r1 #distance in m\n", "r3=5.556*10**5 #distance in m\n", "Pr=200*(10)**3 #in W\n", "a=20 #target area in m^2\n", "\n", "#Calculations\n", "\n", "l=c/f #wavelength in m\n", "Gdt=4*scipy.pi*Aet/(l*l)\n", "P1=Gdt*Pr/(4*scipy.pi*r1*r1) #power at 100 nmiles in W/m^2\n", "P2=Gdt*Pr/(4*scipy.pi*r2*r2) #power at 400 nmiles in W/m^2\n", "Pr=Aet*a*Gdt*Pr/(4*scipy.pi*r3*r3)**2 #power of reflected signal in W\n", "\n", "#Results\n", "\n", "print 'Signal power density at 100 nautical miles =',round(P1*1000,3),'mW/m^2'\n", "print 'Signal power density at 400 nautical miles =',round(P2*1000,3),'mW/m^2'\n", "print 'Power of reflected signal =',round(Pr*10**12,5),'pico W'" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Signal power density at 100 nautical miles = 5.248 mW/m^2\n", "Signal power density at 400 nautical miles = 0.328 mW/m^2\n", "Power of reflected signal = 0.02706 pico W\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 8 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }