{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
"signature": "sha256:93240c9461961fb318dd0bfb1fd759f5d83f741dfd8a4a76ea2b51b81a776bec"
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter 1 : Fundamentals"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.1 Page No : 8"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# variables\n",
"T = 80.;\t\t#temperature of chlorine gas in degree F\n",
"p = 100.;\t\t#pressure in psia\n",
"W = 2*35.45;\t\t#molecular weight of chlorine \n",
"\n",
"# calculations \n",
"R = 1545/W;\t\t#specific gas constant in ft-lb/lb-degreeR\n",
"gam = p*(144/R)*(1/(460+T));\t\t#specific weight of chlorine in lb/cuft\n",
"Spec_vol = 1/gam;\t\t#specific volume in cuft/lb\n",
"rho = gam/32.2;\t\t#density of chlorine in slug/cuft\n",
"\n",
"# results \n",
"print 'Specific weight = %.3f lb/cuft \\nSpecific volume = %.3f cuft/lb \\ndensity = %.4f slug/cuft'%(gam,Spec_vol,rho);"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Specific weight = 1.224 lb/cuft \n",
"Specific volume = 0.817 cuft/lb \n",
"density = 0.0380 slug/cuft\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.2 Page No : 12"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"import math \n",
"\n",
"# variables\n",
"gamma = 1.4;\n",
"T1 = 60.;\t\t#temperature of air in degree F\n",
"p1 = 14.7;\t\t#pressure in psia\n",
"k = 0.5;\t\t#(final volume/initial volume) = k\n",
"R = 53.3;\t\t#Engineering gas constant\n",
"\n",
"# calculations \n",
"gam1 = p1*(144/R)*(1/(460+T1));\t\t#lb/cuft\n",
"gam2 = gam1/k;\t\t#lb/cuft\n",
"p2 = (p1/(gam1**(gamma)))*(gam2**(gamma));\t\t# in psia\n",
"T2 = p2*(144/R)*(1/gam2);\t\t#in degree F\n",
"a1 = math.sqrt(gamma*32.2*R*(460+T1));\t\t# in fps\n",
"a2 = math.sqrt(gamma*32.2*R*(T2));\t\t# in fps\n",
"\n",
"# results \n",
"print 'Final pressure = %.1f psia \\\n",
"\\nFinal temperature = %d degreeR \\\n",
"\\nSonic velocity before compression = %d fps \\\n",
"\\nSonic velocity after compression = %.f fps'%(p2,T2,a1,a2);\n",
"\n",
"#the answers differ due to rounding-off errors"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"0.152749314475\n",
"Final pressure = 38.8 psia \n",
"Final temperature = 686 degreeR \n",
"Sonic velocity before compression = 1117 fps \n",
"Sonic velocity after compression = 1284 fps\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.3 Page No : 17"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"import math \n",
"from scipy.integrate import quad \n",
"\n",
"# variables\n",
"r1 = 0.25;\t\t# radius of cylinder in feet\n",
"l = 2.;\t \t#length of cylnider in feet\n",
"r2 = 0.30;\t\t# radius of co-axial cylinder in feet\n",
"mu = 0.018;\t\t#lb-sec/ft**2\n",
"torque = 0.25;\t\t# in ft-lb\n",
"dv_dy1 = torque/(4*math.pi*mu*r1**2);\t\t#velocity gradient at radius = 0.25 in fps/ft\n",
"dv_dy2 = torque/(4*math.pi*mu*r2**2);\t\t#velocity gradient at radius = 0.30 in fps/ft\n",
"\n",
"# calculations \n",
"def f4(r): \n",
"\t return -torque/(4*math.pi*mu*r**2)\n",
"\n",
"V1 = quad(f4,r2,r1)[0]\n",
"\n",
"rpm1 = V1*60/(2*math.pi*r1);\n",
"V2 = torque*(r2-r1)/(4*math.pi*mu*r1**2);\t\t#in fps\n",
"rpm2 = V2*60/(2*math.pi*r1);\n",
"hp = 2*math.pi*r1*(rpm1/(550*60));\n",
"\n",
"# results \n",
"print 'Velocity gradient at the inner cylinder wall is %.1f fps/ft and at the outer cylinder wall is %.1f fps/ft'%(dv_dy1,dv_dy2);\n",
"print 'rpm = %.1f and approximate rpm = %.1f, hp = %.5f '%(rpm1,rpm2,hp);"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Velocity gradient at the inner cylinder wall is 17.7 fps/ft and at the outer cylinder wall is 12.3 fps/ft\n",
"rpm = 28.1 and approximate rpm = 33.8, hp = 0.00134 \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.4 Page No : 20"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"# variables\n",
"T = 70. \t\t#degreeF\n",
"del_p = 0.1;\t\t# in psi\n",
"sigma = 0.00498;\t\t# lb/ft\n",
"\n",
"# calculations \n",
"R = (sigma*2)/(del_p*144);\t\t#in ft\n",
"d = 12*2*R;\t\t# in inches\n",
"\n",
"# results \n",
"print 'Diameter of the droplet of water = %.4f in'%(d);"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Diameter of the droplet of water = 0.0166 in\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 11
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 1.5 Page No : 20"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"import math \n",
"\n",
"# variables\n",
"l = 12.;\t\t# length of the cylinder\n",
"T = 150.;\t\t#temperature of water in degreeF\n",
"p1 = 14.52;\t\t#atmospheric pressure in psia\n",
"p2 = 3.72;\t\t#the pressure on the inside of the piston in psia\n",
"\n",
"# calculations \n",
"F = 0.25*(p1-p2)*math.pi*l**2;\t\t#Force on the piston in lb\n",
"\n",
"# results \n",
"print 'Minimum force on the piston to be applied is, F = %d lb'%(F);\n",
"\n",
"#incorrect answer given in textbook"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Minimum force on the piston to be applied is, F = 1221 lb\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 12
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}