{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Chapter 8 - Linear Op-amp Systems"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_1 Page No. 245"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Amin=8000.00\n",
      "Amax=64000.00\n",
      "part (i)\n",
      "delta_Af=0.01\n",
      "delta_A= (Amax-Amin)/Amin = 7.00\n",
      "Sg = delta_Af/delta_A = 0.00\n",
      " B = (1/Sg - 1)/Amax = 0.01\n",
      " part (ii)\n",
      "Af_min = Amin/(1+B*Amin) = 90.52\n",
      "Af_max = Amax/(1+B*Amax) = 91.43\n",
      "variation in Af = 1.01\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Amin=8000\n",
    "print \"Amin=%0.2f\"%(Amin) # Minimum gain of OP-AMP\n",
    "Amax=64000\n",
    "print \"Amax=%0.2f\"%(Amax) # Maximum gain \n",
    "print \"part (i)\"\n",
    "delta_Af=0.01\n",
    "print \"delta_Af=%0.2f\"%(delta_Af) # Change in overall feedBack gain \n",
    "delta_A=(Amax-Amin)/Amin\n",
    "print \"delta_A= (Amax-Amin)/Amin = %0.2f\"%(delta_A) # Change in open loop gain \n",
    "Sg = delta_Af/delta_A\n",
    "B = (1/Sg - 1)/Amax\n",
    "print \"Sg = delta_Af/delta_A = %0.2f\"%(Sg)#desensitivity factor\n",
    "print \" B = (1/Sg - 1)/Amax = %0.2f\"%(B)#feedBack factor\n",
    "print \" part (ii)\"\n",
    "Af_min = Amin/(1+B*Amin)#minimum change in overall feedBack gain \n",
    "Af_max = Amax/(1+B*Amax)#/maximum change in overall feedBack gain \n",
    "print \"Af_min = Amin/(1+B*Amin) = %0.2f\"%(Af_min)\n",
    "print \"Af_max = Amax/(1+B*Amax) = %0.2f\"%(Af_max)\n",
    "print \"variation in Af = %0.2f\"%(Af_max/Af_min)#variation in Af with feedBack factor 'B'\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# for above problem author has divided question in two parts but during solution has written 3 parts. \n",
    "# part (i) and part (ii) combinedly equivlent to part (i) \n",
    "# part (iii) is equivalent to part (ii)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_2 Page No. 248"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Avf=-100.00\n",
      "Rif= 1.00  ohm\n",
      "RF= -R1*Avf=100.00  ohm\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Avf=-100\n",
    "print \"Avf=%0.2f\"%(Avf) # Voltage gain \n",
    "Rif=1\n",
    "print \"Rif= %0.2f\"%(Rif),\" ohm\"  #Input resistance of OP-AMP\n",
    "R1=Rif\n",
    "RF=-R1*Avf # using formulae Vo=(-RF/R1)*Vi\n",
    "print \"RF= -R1*Avf=%0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance of OP-AMP\n",
    "# NOTE:Error in value of RF since they have given value of Rif=1ohm but calculated RF by using Rif=1 Kilo ohm\n",
    "# So i have calculated using Ri=1ohm and hence RF=100 ohm"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_3 Page No. 249"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "R11= 1000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF= 100000.00  ohm\n",
      "R12= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "R13= 100000.00  ohm\n",
      "vo = -(100.00 vs1 +10.00 vs2 +1.00 vs3)\n",
      "vo = -(0.33  vs1 +0.33  vs2 +0.33  vs3)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "R11=1*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R11= %0.2f\"%(R11),\" ohm\"  # resistance at input terminal of OP-AMP Adder\n",
    "RF=100*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "R12=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R12= %0.2f\"%(R12),\" ohm\"  # resistance at input terminal of OP-AMP  Adder\n",
    "R13=100*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R13= %0.2f\"%(R13),\" ohm\"  # resistance at input terminal of OP-AMP  Adder\n",
    "print \"vo = -(%0.2f\"%(RF/R11),\"vs1 +%0.2f\"%(RF/R12),\"vs2 +%0.2f\"%(RF/R13),\"vs3)\" # output voltage of opamp adder in terms of input vs1,vs2 vs3\n",
    "\n",
    "# for average value of input signal\n",
    "n = 3# given inputs are '3'\n",
    "R11 = n*RF\n",
    "R12 = n*RF\n",
    "R13 = n*RF\n",
    "print \"vo = -(%0.2f\"%(RF/R11),\" vs1 +%0.2f\"%(RF/R12),\" vs2 +%0.2f\"%(RF/R13),\" vs3)\" # output voltage of opamp adder \n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# note : the output voltage of inverting adder is negative \n",
    "# but while calculating weighted output voltage in above question ..author has neglected  or miss the negative sign"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_4 Page No. 250"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ir = 0.01  ampere/lumen of radiant energy \n",
      "RF= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "E = 0.01  lumens\n",
      "IR =Ir*E= 1.00e-04  ampere\n",
      "Vo=IR*RF= 1.00  volts\n",
      "scale factor=E/Vo= 0.01  lumens/V\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Ir=10*10**(-3)\n",
    "print \"Ir = %0.2f\"%(Ir),\" ampere/lumen of radiant energy \" #photodiode Reverse saturation current for constant reverse bias VR\n",
    "RF=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "E=1*10**(-2)\n",
    "print \"E = %0.2f\"%(E),\" lumens\"#  radiant energy\n",
    "IR=Ir*E\n",
    "print \"IR =Ir*E= %0.2e\"%(IR),\" ampere\" # Reverse saturation current\n",
    "Vo=IR*RF\n",
    "print \"Vo=IR*RF= %0.2f\"%(Vo),\" volts\" #  output voltage\n",
    "s=E/Vo\n",
    "print \"scale factor=E/Vo= %0.2f\"%(E),\" lumens/V\" #  Scale factor of photometer"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_5 Page No. 252"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Av= 100000.00\n",
      "RF= 100000.00  ohm\n",
      "RM= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "is = 1.00e-05  ampere\n",
      "vo=is*RF= 1.00  volts\n",
      "S=vo/is= 100000.00  V/A\n",
      "Rif=RF/(1+Av)= 1.00  ohm\n",
      "im = 0.00  ampere\n",
      "RF=(im*RM)/is= 100000.00  ohm\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Av=1*10**(5)\n",
    "print \"Av= %0.2f\"%(Av) #Voltage gain\n",
    "RF=100*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "RM=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RM= %0.2f\"%(RM),\" ohm\"  # D.C Ammeter internal resistance\n",
    "Is=10*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"is = %0.2e\"%(Is),\" ampere\" #  Source current\n",
    "vo=Is*RF\n",
    "print \"vo=is*RF= %0.2f\"%(vo),\" volts\" #  output voltage\n",
    "S=vo/Is\n",
    "print \"S=vo/is= %0.2f\"%(S),\" V/A\" # Sensitivity of Ammeter\n",
    "Rif=RF/(1+Av)\n",
    "print \"Rif=RF/(1+Av)= %0.2f\"%(Rif),\" ohm\"  #Input resistance of OP-AMP\n",
    "im=100*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"im = %0.2f\"%(im),\" ampere\" # Meter Full-Scale deflection current   \n",
    "RF=(im*RM)/Is\n",
    "print \"RF=(im*RM)/is= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  # New required Feedback resistance for im=100 micro ampere"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_6 Page No. 255"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Av= 36.00  dB\n",
      "R1= 1000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF=R1*[10**(Av/20)-1]= 62095.73  ohm\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Av=36\n",
    "print \"Av= %0.2f\"%(Av),\" dB\" #Voltage gain\n",
    "R1=1*10**(3)# Choosing value of R1\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # Resistor at input side of OP-AMP\n",
    "RF=R1*(10**(Av/20)-1) # Using formulae Av=20*log(1+RF/R1)\n",
    "print \"RF=R1*[10**(Av/20)-1]= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  # Calculated Feedback resistance\n",
    "#NOTE: Correct value of RF=62095.734 ohm or 62.095 kilo ohm but in book given as 62.24 kilo ohm \n",
    " "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_7 Page No. 256"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "if = 1.00e-04  ampere\n",
      "Av= 100000.00\n",
      "vs= 0.01  volts\n",
      "RM= 100.00  ohm\n",
      "Ri= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "R1=vs/if= 100.00  ohm\n",
      "Avf=1+(RM/R1)=2.00\n",
      "Rif=Ri*(Av/Avf)=5.00e+08  ohm\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "If=100*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"if = %0.2e\"%(If),\" ampere\" #Full-Scale deflection current\n",
    "Av=1*10**(5)\n",
    "print \"Av= %0.2f\"%(Av) #Voltage gain    \n",
    "vs=10*10**(-3)    \n",
    "print \"vs= %0.2f\"%(vs),\" volts\" #  Input voltage \n",
    "RM=100\n",
    "print \"RM= %0.2f\"%(RM),\" ohm\"  # Moving coil Ammeter internal resistance\n",
    "Ri=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"Ri= %0.2f\"%(Ri),\" ohm\"  #Input resistance of OP-AMP\n",
    "R1=vs/If\n",
    "print \"R1=vs/if= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # Resistor at input side of OP-AMP in Voltage-to-Current converter \n",
    "Avf=1+(RM/R1) # formulae using Avf=1+(RF/R1)=1+(RM/R1)# since RF=RM\n",
    "print \"Avf=1+(RM/R1)=%0.2f\"%(Avf) # Overall Voltage gain\n",
    "Rif=Ri*(Av/Avf)\n",
    "print \"Rif=Ri*(Av/Avf)=%0.2e\"%(Rif),\" ohm\"  # Equivalent input side resistance of OP-AMP with feedback"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_8 Page No. 258"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Ro= 1.00e-03  ohm\n",
      "Sv= 0.01 %\n",
      "change in regulator voltage= 3.00  volts\n",
      "change in regulator Current= 0.25  A\n",
      "change in regulator output voltage= 0.00  volts\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Ro=0.001\n",
    "print \"Ro= %0.2e\"%(Ro),\" ohm\"  #Output resistance\n",
    "Sv=0.01\n",
    "print \"Sv= %0.2f\"%(Sv),\"%\" # Input Regulation for IC regulator\n",
    "delta_VI=12-9\n",
    "print \"change in regulator voltage= %0.2f\"%(delta_VI),\" volts\" # Regulator input voltage variation\n",
    "delta_IL=1.25-1\n",
    "print \"change in regulator Current= %0.2f\"%(delta_IL),\" A\" # Regulator Current variation\n",
    "delta_Vo=(delta_VI*(Sv/100)+delta_IL*Ro)\n",
    "print \"change in regulator output voltage= %0.2f\"%(delta_Vo),\" volts\" # Regulator output voltage variation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_9 Page No. 260"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "alpha=1.41\n",
      "AM=1.59\n",
      "fOH= 1000.00  Hz\n",
      "R1= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF=R1*(AM-1)=5860.00  ohm\n",
      "C=1.00e-07 farad\n",
      "R=1/(omega_OH*C)=1/(2*pi*fOH*C)=1591.55  ohm\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from math import pi\n",
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "alpha=1.414# Damping coefficient for Butterworth LP filter\n",
    "print \"alpha=%0.2f\"%(alpha)\n",
    "AM=3-alpha\n",
    "print \"AM=%0.2f\"%(AM) # Midband gain of filter \n",
    "fOH=1*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"fOH= %0.2f\"%(fOH),\" Hz\"#Cut off frequency\n",
    "R1=10*10**(3)# Choosing value of R1 same as in book\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # Resistor at input side of (OP-AMP)filter \n",
    "RF=R1*(AM-1)\n",
    "print \"RF=R1*(AM-1)=%0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance \n",
    "C=0.1*10**(-6) # Choosing value of capacitor same a in book\n",
    "print \"C=%0.2e\"%(C),\"farad\"\n",
    "R=1/(2*pi*fOH*C)# Using formulae wOH=1/C*R and wOH=(2*pi*fOH)\n",
    "print \"R=1/(omega_OH*C)=1/(2*pi*fOH*C)=%0.2f\"%(R),\" ohm\"  # resistance value for filter design"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_10 Page No. 261"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "fo= 150.00  Hz\n",
      "BW= 15.00  Hz\n",
      "Q= 10.00\n",
      "C=5.00e-08 farad\n",
      "R=sqrt(2)/(2*pi*fo*C)=30010.54  ohm\n",
      "Am=5-(sqrt(2)/Q)=4.86\n",
      "Abp=Am/(5-Am)=34.36\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "fo=150\n",
    "print \"fo= %0.2f\"%(fo),\" Hz\"#Central frequency of band pass filter\n",
    "BW=15\n",
    "print \"BW= %0.2f\"%(BW),\" Hz\"# Upper cut-off frequency or 3-dB bandwidth\n",
    "Q=fo/BW # Quality factor\n",
    "print \"Q= %0.2f\"%(Q)\n",
    "C=0.05*10**(-6) # Choosing value of capacitor same as in book\n",
    "print \"C=%0.2e\"%(C),\"farad\"\n",
    "R=sqrt(2)/(2*pi*fo*C)\n",
    "print \"R=sqrt(2)/(2*pi*fo*C)=%0.2f\"%(R),\" ohm\"  # resistance value for filter design\n",
    "Am=5-(sqrt(2)/Q) # formulae\n",
    "print \"Am=5-(sqrt(2)/Q)=%0.2f\"%(Am) # Midband gain \n",
    "Abp=Am/(5-Am)\n",
    "print \"Abp=Am/(5-Am)=%0.2f\"%(Abp) # Central frequency  gain "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_11 Page No. 263"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "R= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "R1= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "C=1.00e-08  farad\n",
      "R1_ratio_K= 2500.00  ohm\n",
      "R= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "alpha_R2= 250.00  ohm\n",
      "alpha=alpha_R2/R2= 0.05\n",
      "Q= 1/alpha=20.00\n",
      "omega_o=1/(R*C)= 10000.00  radian\n",
      "Bandwidth=omega_o/Q= 500.00  radian\n",
      "K=R1/(R1_ratio_K)= 4.00\n",
      "center frequency gain for BPF, K/alpha=K*Q= 80.00\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "R=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R= %0.2f\"%(R),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "R1=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "C=0.01*10**(-6) #  value of capacitor\n",
    "print \"C=%0.2e\"%(C),\" farad\"\n",
    "R1_ratio_K=2.5*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R1_ratio_K= %0.2f\"%(R1_ratio_K),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "R2=5*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R= %0.2f\"%(R),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "alpha_R2=250\n",
    "print \"alpha_R2= %0.2f\"%(alpha_R2),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "alpha=alpha_R2/R2\n",
    "print \"alpha=alpha_R2/R2= %0.2f\"%(alpha)  # Damping factor\n",
    "Q=1/alpha\n",
    "print \"Q= 1/alpha=%0.2f\"%(Q) # Quality factor\n",
    "omega_o=1/(R*C)\n",
    "print \"omega_o=1/(R*C)= %0.2f\"%(omega_o),\" radian\"# centre angular frequency\n",
    "BW=omega_o/Q\n",
    "print \"Bandwidth=omega_o/Q= %0.2f\"%(BW),\" radian\"# Upper cut-off frequency or 3-dB bandwidth\n",
    "K=R1/(R1_ratio_K)# Pass band gain for lPF and HPF of state variable filter\n",
    "print \"K=R1/(R1_ratio_K)= %0.2f\"%(K)\n",
    "Gm=K/alpha# Pass band gain of state variable filter\n",
    "print \"center frequency gain for BPF, K/alpha=K*Q= %0.2f\"%(Gm) # Centre frequency gain for BP filter"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_12 Page No. 264"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "IB = 5.00e-07  ampere\n",
      "Iio = 5.00e-08  ampere\n",
      "Vio= 1.00e-03  volts\n",
      "R1= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF= 500000.00  ohm\n",
      "Vos1=Vio*(1+RF/R1)=0.05  volts\n",
      "Vos2=IB*RF=0.25  volts\n",
      "Vos=Vos1+Vos2=0.30  volts\n",
      "R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)= 9803.92  ohm\n",
      "Vos2=Iio*RF=0.02  volts\n",
      "Vos=Vos1+Vos2=0.08  volts\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "IB=0.5*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"IB = %0.2e\"%(IB),\" ampere\" #Input bias current \n",
    "Iio=0.05*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"Iio = %0.2e\"%(Iio),\" ampere\" #Input offset current  \n",
    "Vio=1*10**(-3)\n",
    "print \"Vio= %0.2e\"%(Vio),\" volts\" #Input offset voltage\n",
    "R1=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "RF=500*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "Vos1=Vio*(1+RF/R1)\n",
    "print \"Vos1=Vio*(1+RF/R1)=%0.2f\"%(Vos1),\" volts\" #output offset voltage due to input offset voltage\n",
    "Vos2=IB*RF\n",
    "print \"Vos2=IB*RF=%0.2f\"%(Vos2),\" volts\" #output offset voltage due to Input bias current \n",
    "Vos=Vos1+Vos2\n",
    "print \"Vos=Vos1+Vos2=%0.2f\"%(Vos),\" volts\" #total output offset voltage \n",
    "R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)\n",
    "print \"R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)= %0.2f\"%(R2),\" ohm\"  # resistance to balance IB effect \n",
    "Vos2=Iio*RF\n",
    "print \"Vos2=Iio*RF=%0.2f\"%(Vos2),\" volts\" # Reduced output offset voltage due to Input offset current  \n",
    "Vos=Vos1+Vos2\n",
    "print \"Vos=Vos1+Vos2=%0.2f\"%(Vos),\" volts\" # output offset voltage with compensation \n",
    "  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_13 Page No. 265"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Iio = 1.00e-10  ampere/degree _celsius\n",
      "Vio= 1.00e-05  volt/degree _celsius\n",
      "Vs= 0.01  volts\n",
      "R1= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF= 100000.00  ohm\n",
      "part(i)\n",
      "R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)= 9090.91  ohm\n",
      "part(ii)\n",
      "delta_T=75-25 = 50.00  degree_celsius\n",
      "delta_Vo=[(Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1)]+(Iio*delta_T*RF)= 0.01  volts\n",
      "part(iii)\n",
      "Vo=(-RF/R1)*Vs= -0.10  volts\n",
      "Percentage error=(delta_Vo/Vo)*100 =(-)6.00 , (+)6.00   percent\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Iio=0.1*10**(-9)\n",
    "print \"Iio = %0.2e\"%(Iio),\" ampere/degree _celsius\" #Input offset current  \n",
    "Vio=10*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"Vio= %0.2e\"%(Vio),\" volt/degree _celsius\" #Input offset voltage\n",
    "Vs=10*10**(-3)\n",
    "print \"Vs= %0.2f\"%(Vs),\" volts\" #Input voltage\n",
    "R1=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "RF=100*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "print \"part(i)\"\n",
    "R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)# R1 in parallel with RF\n",
    "print \"R2=(R1*RF)/(R1+RF)= %0.2f\"%(R2),\" ohm\"  # resistance to balance IB i.e offset effect \n",
    "print \"part(ii)\"\n",
    "delta_T=75-25\n",
    "print \"delta_T=75-25 = %0.2f\"%(delta_T),\" degree_celsius\" #Temperature change\n",
    "delta_Vo=((Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1))+(Iio*delta_T*RF)\n",
    "print \"delta_Vo=[(Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1)]+(Iio*delta_T*RF)= %0.2f\"%(delta_Vo),\" volts\" #Output voltage drift\n",
    "print \"part(iii)\"\n",
    "Vo=(-RF/R1)*Vs\n",
    "print \"Vo=(-RF/R1)*Vs= %0.2f\"%(Vo),\" volts\" #Inverting OP-AMP output voltage\n",
    "e=(delta_Vo/Vo)*100\n",
    "print \"Percentage error=(delta_Vo/Vo)*100 =(-)%0.2f\"%(abs(e)),\", (+)%0.2f\"%(abs(e)),\"  percent\"#percentage error"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_14 Page No. 266"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Iio = 1.00e-10  ampere\n",
      "VCC= 15.00  volts\n",
      "PSRR= 1.50e-04   volts/V\n",
      "Vio= 1.00e-05  volts\n",
      "R1= 10000.00  ohm\n",
      "RF= 100000.00  ohm\n",
      "delta_T=75-25 = 50.00  celsius\n",
      "delta_Vo=[(Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1)]+(Iio*delta_T*RF)= 0.01  volts\n",
      "delta_Vio1=(delta_Vo)*(R1/RF)= 0.00  volts\n",
      "delta_Vio2=(delta_Vio1)*(1/10)= 0.00  volts\n",
      "power supply regulation=[(delta_Vio2)/(VCC*PSRR)]*100 =2.67  percent\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "Iio=0.1*10**(-9)\n",
    "print \"Iio = %0.2e\"%(Iio),\" ampere\" #Input offset current\n",
    "VCC=15\n",
    "print \"VCC= %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" #  voltage supply  \n",
    "PSRR=150*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"PSRR= %0.2e\"%(PSRR),\"  volts/V\"# Power supply rejection ratio\n",
    "Vio=10*10**(-6)\n",
    "print \"Vio= %0.2e\"%(Vio),\" volts\" #Input offset voltage\n",
    "R1=10*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"R1= %0.2f\"%(R1),\" ohm\"  # resistance\n",
    "RF=100*10**(3)\n",
    "print \"RF= %0.2f\"%(RF),\" ohm\"  #Feedback resistance\n",
    "delta_T=75-25\n",
    "print \"delta_T=75-25 = %0.2f\"%(delta_T),\" celsius\" #Temperature change\n",
    "delta_Vo=((Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1))+(Iio*delta_T*RF)\n",
    "print \"delta_Vo=[(Vio*delta_T)*(1+RF/R1)]+(Iio*delta_T*RF)= %0.2f\"%(delta_Vo),\" volts\" #Output voltage drift\n",
    "delta_Vio1=(delta_Vo)*(R1/RF)\n",
    "print \"delta_Vio1=(delta_Vo)*(R1/RF)= %0.2f\"%(delta_Vio1),\" volts\" # voltage change at Input for voltage drift found\n",
    "delta_Vio2=(delta_Vio1)*(1/10)\n",
    "print \"delta_Vio2=(delta_Vio1)*(1/10)= %0.2f\"%(delta_Vio2),\" volts\" #  change in Vio due to PSRR\n",
    "p=((delta_Vio2)/(VCC*PSRR))*100\n",
    "print \"power supply regulation=[(delta_Vio2)/(VCC*PSRR)]*100 =%0.2f\"%(p),\" percent\"# power supply regulation requirement\n",
    "\n",
    "#delta_Vio1 corresponds to voltage change at Input for voltage drift found \n",
    "#delta_Vio2 corresponds voltage change at input due to PSRR"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 8_15 Page No. 271"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "SR= 0.65   volts/microsecond\n",
      "part(i)\n",
      "Vm= 5.00  volts\n",
      "fsm=SR/[10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm)] = 20690.14  Hz\n",
      "part(ii)\n",
      "Vm= 1.00  volts\n",
      "fsm=SR/[10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm)] = 103450.71  Hz\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from math import pi\n",
    "from __future__ import division  \n",
    "SR=0.65\n",
    "print \"SR= %0.2f\"%(SR),\"  volts/microsecond\"# Slew rate of OP-AMP\n",
    "print \"part(i)\"\n",
    "Vm=5\n",
    "print \"Vm= %0.2f\"%(Vm),\" volts\" #  Output peak voltage1\n",
    "fsm=SR/(10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm)) # using formulae  SR=2*pi*fsm*Vm\n",
    "print \"fsm=SR/[10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm)] = %0.2f\"%(fsm),\" Hz\"# # Full power bandwidth  for Output peak voltage Vm=5V\n",
    "print \"part(ii)\"\n",
    "Vm=1\n",
    "print \"Vm= %0.2f\"%(Vm),\" volts\" #  Output peak voltage2\n",
    "fsm=SR/(10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm))  # using formulae  SR=2*pi*fsm*Vm\n",
    "print \"fsm=SR/[10**(-6)*(2*pi*Vm)] = %0.2f\"%(fsm),\" Hz\"# # Full power bandwidth  for Output peak voltage Vm=1V"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 2",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python2"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 2
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
   "version": "2.7.9"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 0
}