{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Chapter 3 - Bipolar Junction Transistor"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_1 Page No. 64"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Vcc = 15.00 volts\n",
"VBB = 1.00 volts\n",
"VBE = 0.70 volts\n",
"resistance,RB = 5000.00 ohm\n",
"resistance,RL = 650.00 ohm\n",
"Gain,Bf = 200.00 \n",
"IB =(VBB-VBE)/RB = 6.00e-05 ampere\n",
"IC =IB*Bf= 0.01 ampere\n",
"IE = IB+IC=0.01 ampere\n",
"VCE =Vcc-IC*RL= 7.20 volts\n",
"VCB = VCE-VBE=6.50 volts\n",
"resistance,RB =(Vcc-VBE)/IB= 2.38e+05 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"Vcc=15\n",
"print \"Vcc = %0.2f\"%(Vcc),\" volts\" #initialization\n",
"VBB=1\n",
"print \"VBB = %0.2f\"%(VBB),\" volts\" #initialization\n",
"VBE=0.7\n",
"print \"VBE = %0.2f\"%(VBE),\" volts\" #initialization\n",
"RB=5*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,RB = %0.2f\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"RL=650\n",
"print \"resistance,RL = %0.2f\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"Bf=200\n",
"print \"Gain,Bf = %0.2f\"%(Bf)+ \" \" #initialization\n",
"IB=(VBB-VBE)/RB #Formulae\n",
"print \"IB =(VBB-VBE)/RB = %0.2e\"%(IB),\" ampere\" #calculation\n",
"IC=IB*Bf #Formulae\n",
"print \"IC =IB*Bf= %0.2f\"%(IC),\" ampere\"#calculation\n",
"IE=IB+IC #Formulae\n",
"print \"IE = IB+IC=%0.2f\"%(IE),\" ampere\"#calculation\n",
"VCE=Vcc-IC*RL #Formulae\n",
"print \"VCE =Vcc-IC*RL= %0.2f\"%(VCE),\" volts\" #calculation\n",
"VCB=VCE-VBE #Formulae\n",
"print \"VCB = VCE-VBE=%0.2f\"%(VCB),\" volts\"#calculation\n",
"RB=(Vcc-VBE)/IB #Formulae\n",
"print \"resistance,RB =(Vcc-VBE)/IB= %0.2e\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" #calculation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_2 Page No. 65"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Vbe1 = 0.03 volts\n",
"Vbe2 = -0.03 volts\n",
"ib1 = 2.00e-05 ampere\n",
"ib2 = -2.00e-05 ampere\n",
"IBQ = 6.00e-05 ampere\n",
"ICP = 0.02 ampere\n",
"ICR = 0.01 ampere\n",
"VCEP = 5.00 volts\n",
"VCER = 9.00 volts\n",
"change_IC = 0.01 ampere\n",
"change_VCE = 4.00 volts\n",
"AV = 80.00 \n",
"AI = 175.00 \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"Vbe1=0.025\n",
"print \"Vbe1 = %0.2f\"%(Vbe1),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage1\n",
"Vbe2=(-0.025)\n",
"print \"Vbe2 = %0.2f\"%(Vbe2),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage2\n",
"ib1=20*10**(-6)\n",
"print \"ib1 = %0.2e\"%(ib1),\" ampere\" # value of base current1\n",
"ib2=(-20*10**(-6))\n",
"print \"ib2 = %0.2e\"%(ib2),\" ampere\"# value of base current2\n",
"IBQ=60*10**(-6)\n",
"print \"IBQ = %0.2e\"%(IBQ),\" ampere\" # operating point\n",
"ICP=15.5*10**(-3)\n",
"print \"ICP = %0.2f\"%(ICP),\" ampere\" # initialization\n",
"ICR=8.5*10**(-3)\n",
"print \"ICR = %0.2f\"%(ICR),\" ampere\" # initialization\n",
"VCEP=5\n",
"print \"VCEP = %0.2f\"%(VCEP),\" volts\" # value of collector-emitter voltage1\n",
"VCER=9\n",
"print \"VCER = %0.2f\"%(VCER),\" volts\" # value of collector-emitter voltage2\n",
"change_IC=ICP-ICR #change in collector current\n",
"print \"change_IC = %0.2f\"%(change_IC),\" ampere\"\n",
"change_VCE=VCER-VCEP #change in collector voltage\n",
"print \"change_VCE = %0.2f\"%(change_VCE),\" volts\" \n",
"change_VBE=Vbe1-Vbe2\n",
"change_IB=ib1-ib2\n",
"AV=(change_VCE/change_VBE) #formulae voltage gain\n",
"print \"AV = %0.2f\"%(AV),\" \"#voltage gain\n",
"AI=change_IC/change_IB #formulae current gain\n",
"print \"AI = %0.2f\"%(AI),\" \""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_3 Page No. 68"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"ICQ = 0.01 ampere\n",
"B = 200.00 \n",
"capacitance,Cbe = 1.00e-10 F \n",
"VT = 0.03 volts\n",
"gm =(ICQ/VT)= 0.46 A/V\n",
"hie =(B/gm)= 433.33 ohm\n",
"fT =((1/2)*(gm/Cbe)*(1/pi))= 7.35e+08 hertz\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from math import pi\n",
"from __future__ import division \n",
"ICQ=12*10**(-3)\n",
"print \"ICQ = %0.2f\"%(ICQ),\" ampere\" # collector current\n",
"B=200\n",
"print \"B = %0.2f\"%(B),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"Cbe=100*10**(-12)# capacitance\n",
"print \"capacitance,Cbe = %0.2e\"%(Cbe),\" F \"\n",
"VT=26*10**(-3)\n",
"print \"VT = %0.2f\"%(VT),\" volts\" # thermal voltage\n",
"gm=(ICQ/VT) #transconductance\n",
"print \"gm =(ICQ/VT)= %0.2f\"%(gm),\" A/V\"\n",
"hie=B/gm #forward resistance hybrid parameter\n",
"print \"hie =(B/gm)= %0.2f\"%(hie),\" ohm\"\n",
"fT=((1/2)*(gm/Cbe)*(1/pi)) #unity gain frequency formulae\n",
"print \"fT =((1/2)*(gm/Cbe)*(1/pi))= %0.2e\"%(fT),\" hertz\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_4 Page No. 71"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VCC = 20.00 volts\n",
"RL= 5000.00 ohm\n",
"RB = 9.65e+05 ohm\n",
"VBE = 0.70 volts\n",
"BF = 50.00 \n",
"ICO = 1.00e-08 ampere\n",
"Vi = 0.00e+00 volts\n",
"IBQ = 2.00e-05 ampere\n",
"ICQ =BF*IBQ= 1.00e-03 ampere\n",
"VCEQ =VCC-ICQ*RL = 15.00 volts\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VCC=20\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"VBB=VCC\n",
"RL=5*(10**3)\n",
"print \"RL= %0.2f\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #resistance\n",
"RB=965*(10**3)\n",
"print \"RB = %0.2e\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" #initialization base resistance\n",
"VBE=(0.7)\n",
"print \"VBE = %0.2f\"%(VBE),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage\n",
"BF=50\n",
"print \"BF = %0.2f\"%(BF),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"ICO=10*10**(-9)\n",
"print \"ICO = %0.2e\"%(ICO),\" ampere\" # collector reverse bias current\n",
"Vi=0\n",
"print \"Vi = %0.2e\"%(Vi),\" volts\" # value of input\n",
"IBQ=(VCC-VBE)/RB #base current as operating point\n",
"print \"IBQ = %0.2e\"%(IBQ),\" ampere\"\n",
"ICQ=BF*IBQ #operating point (collector current)\n",
"print \"ICQ =BF*IBQ= %0.2e\"%(ICQ),\" ampere\" # calculation\n",
"VCEQ=VCC-ICQ*RL # collector-emitter voltage as operating point\n",
"print \"VCEQ =VCC-ICQ*RL = %0.2f\"%(VCEQ),\" volts\" #calculation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_5 Page No. 74"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"BF1 = 100.00 \n",
"VCC = 20.00 volts\n",
"resistance,RL= 5.00e+03 ohm\n",
"resistance,RB = 9.65e+05 ohm\n",
"VBE = 0.70 volts\n",
"ICO = 1.00e-08 ampere\n",
"Vi = 0 volts\n",
"IBQ = 2.00e-05 ampere\n",
"ICQ1 =BF1*IBQ= 2.00e-03 ampere\n",
"VCEQ1 =VCC-ICQ1*RL = 10.00 volts\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"BF1=100\n",
"print \"BF1 = %0.2f\"%(BF1),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"VCC=20\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"VBB=VCC\n",
"RL=5*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,RL= %0.2e\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"RB=965*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,RB = %0.2e\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"VBE=(0.7)\n",
"print \"VBE = %0.2f\"%(VBE),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage\n",
"ICO=10*10**(-9)\n",
"print \"ICO = %0.2e\"%(ICO),\" ampere\" # collector reverse bias current\n",
"Vi=0\n",
"print \"Vi = %0.f\"%(Vi),\" volts\" # value of input\n",
"IBQ=(VCC-VBE)/RB #base current as operating point\n",
"print \"IBQ = %0.2e\"%(IBQ),\" ampere\"\n",
"ICQ1=BF1*IBQ #operating point (collector current)\n",
"print \"ICQ1 =BF1*IBQ= %0.2e\"%(ICQ1),\" ampere\" # calculation\n",
"VCEQ1=VCC-ICQ1*RL # collector-emitter voltage as operating point\n",
"print \"VCEQ1 =VCC-ICQ1*RL = %0.2f\"%(VCEQ1),\" volts\" #calculation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_6 Page No. 75"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VBE2 = 0.50 volts\n",
"VCC = 20.00 volts\n",
"BF2 = 150.00 \n",
"ICO2 = 5.00e-07 ampere\n",
"RB = 9.65e+05 ohm\n",
"RL= 5.00e+03 ohm\n",
"IBQ2 = (VCC-VBE2)/RB=2.02e-05 ampere\n",
"ICQ2 =BF2*IBQ2= 3.03e-03 ampere\n",
"dICQ2 =BF2*ICO2= 7.50e-05 ampere\n",
"ICQ3 =ICQ2+dICQ2= 3.11e-03 ampere\n",
"VCEQ3 =VCC-ICQ3*RL = 4.47 volts\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VBE2=(0.5)\n",
"print \"VBE2 = %0.2f\"%(VBE2),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage\n",
"VCC=20\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"BF2=150\n",
"print \"BF2 = %0.2f\"%(BF2),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"ICO2=500*10**(-9)\n",
"print \"ICO2 = %0.2e\"%(ICO2),\" ampere\" # collector reverse bias current\n",
"RB=965*(10**3)\n",
"print \"RB = %0.2e\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" #initialization base resistance\n",
"RL=5*(10**3)\n",
"print \"RL= %0.2e\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" # load resistance\n",
"IBQ2=(VCC-VBE2)/RB #base current as operating point\n",
"print \"IBQ2 = (VCC-VBE2)/RB=%0.2e\"%(IBQ2),\" ampere\"\n",
"ICQ2=(BF2*IBQ2) #operating point (collector current)\n",
"print \"ICQ2 =BF2*IBQ2= %0.2e\"%(ICQ2),\" ampere\" # \n",
"dICQ2=BF2*ICO2 # increase in reverse bias current\n",
"print \"dICQ2 =BF2*ICO2= %0.2e\"%(dICQ2),\" ampere\" # \n",
"ICQ3=ICQ2+dICQ2\n",
"print \"ICQ3 =ICQ2+dICQ2= %0.2e\"%(ICQ3),\" ampere\" # calculation\n",
"VCEQ3=VCC-ICQ3*RL # collector-emitter voltage as operating point\n",
"print \"VCEQ3 =VCC-ICQ3*RL = %0.2f\"%(VCEQ3),\" volts\" #calculation\n",
"#NOTE: Calculated ans for VCEQ3=4.4695596 volts but in book it is given as 4.625volts(due to approximations done in) \n",
" "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_7 Page No. 76"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VCC = 20.00 volts\n",
"resistance,RL= 5000.00 ohm\n",
"resistance,R1 = 90000.00 ohm\n",
"resistance,R2 = 10000.00 ohm\n",
"resistance,Rc = 1000.00 ohm\n",
"VBEmax = 0.70 volts\n",
"VBEmin = 0.50 volts\n",
"BFmax = 150.00 \n",
"BFmin = 50.00 \n",
"ICOmax = 5.00e-07 ampere\n",
"ICOmin = 1.00e-08 ampere\n",
"VBB = 2.00 volts\n",
"RB = (R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=9000.00 ohm\n",
"ICmin = 0.00 ampere\n",
"VCEQmax =VCC-ICmin*RL = 14.58 volts\n",
"ICmax = 1.41e-03 ampere\n",
"VCEQmin =VCC-ICmax*RL = 12.95 volts\n",
"change_IC= 3.28e-04 ampere\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VCC=20\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"RL=5*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,RL= %0.2f\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"R1=90*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,R1 = %0.2f\"%(R1)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"R2=10*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,R2 = %0.2f\"%(R2)+ \" ohm\" #initialization \n",
"Rc=1*(10**3)\n",
"print \"resistance,Rc = %0.2f\"%(Rc)+ \" ohm\" # resistance at collector\n",
"VBEmax=(0.7)\n",
"print \"VBEmax = %0.2f\"%(VBEmax),\" volts\" # maximum base-emitter voltage\n",
"VBEmin=(0.5)\n",
"print \"VBEmin = %0.2f\"%(VBEmin),\" volts\" # minimum base-emitter voltage\n",
"BFmax=150\n",
"print \"BFmax = %0.2f\"%(BFmax),\" \" #BJT gain maximum\n",
"BFmin=50\n",
"print \"BFmin = %0.2f\"%(BFmin),\" \" #BJT gain minimum\n",
"ICOmax=500*10**(-9)\n",
"print \"ICOmax = %0.2e\"%(ICOmax),\" ampere\" # maximum collector reverse bias current\n",
"ICOmin=10*10**(-9)\n",
"print \"ICOmin = %0.2e\"%(ICOmin),\" ampere\" # minimum collector reverse bias current\n",
"VBB=(VCC*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
"print \"VBB = %0.2f\"%(VBB),\" volts\" # Base supply voltage \n",
"RB=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
"print \"RB = (R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=%0.2f\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" # eqivalent base resistance\n",
"ICmin=((BFmin*(VBB-VBEmax)+(RB+Rc)*(1+BFmin)*ICOmin)/(RB+Rc*(1+BFmin))) # minimum collector current\n",
"print \"ICmin = %0.2f\"%(ICmin),\" ampere\"\n",
"VCEQmax=VCC-ICmin*RL # maximum collector-emitter voltage (d.c value)\n",
"print \"VCEQmax =VCC-ICmin*RL = %0.2f\"%(VCEQmax),\" volts\" #calculation\n",
"ICmax=((BFmax*(VBB-VBEmin)+(RB+Rc)*(1+BFmax)*ICOmax)/(RB+Rc*(1+BFmax))) # maximum collector current\n",
"print \"ICmax = %0.2e\"%(ICmax),\" ampere\"\n",
"VCEQmin=VCC-ICmax*RL # minimum collector-emitter voltage (d.c value)\n",
"print \"VCEQmin =VCC-ICmax*RL = %0.2f\"%(VCEQmin),\" volts\" #calculation\n",
"change_IC=ICmax-ICmin\n",
"print \"change_IC= %0.2e\"%(change_IC),\" ampere\" # extreme variation in collector current\n",
"# ERROR - NOTE: Extreme variation in collector current given in book is 0.397 mA but calculated correct ans is 0.3276 mA \n",
" "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_8 Page No. 79"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VCC = 20.00 volts\n",
"RL= 2000.00 ohm\n",
"R1 =R2= 100000.00 ohm\n",
"VBE = 0.70 volts\n",
"BF = 100.00 \n",
"VBB = 10.00 volts\n",
"RB = (R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=50000.00 ohm\n",
"IC = 3.69e-03 ampere\n",
"VE = 7.38 volts\n",
"VB = 8.08 volts\n",
"VCB = 11.92 volts\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VCC=20\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"RL=2*(10**3)\n",
"print \"RL= %0.2f\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #resistance\n",
"R1=100*(10**3)\n",
"R2=R1\n",
"print \"R1 =R2= %0.2f\"%(R1)+ \" ohm\" #resistance\n",
"VBE=(0.7)\n",
"print \"VBE = %0.2f\"%(VBE),\" volts\" # base-emitter voltage\n",
"BF=100\n",
"print \"BF = %0.2f\"%(BF),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"ICO=0\n",
"VBB=(VCC*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
"print \"VBB = %0.2f\"%(VBB),\" volts\" # Base supply voltage \n",
"RB=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
"print \"RB = (R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=%0.2f\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" # eqivalent base resistance\n",
"IC=((BF*(VBB-VBE))/(RB+RL*(1+BF))) # collector current\n",
"print \"IC = %0.2e\"%(IC),\" ampere\"\n",
"VE=IC*RL\n",
"print \"VE = %0.2f\"%(VE),\" volts\" # emitter voltage\n",
"VB=VBE+VE\n",
"print \"VB = %0.2f\"%(VB),\" volts\" # base voltage\n",
"VCB=VCC-VB\n",
"print \"VCB = %0.2f\"%(VCB),\" volts\" # collector-base voltage\n",
"#hence BJT in active region."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_9 Page No. 84"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VCC = 5.00 volts\n",
"RL= 250.00 ohm\n",
"RB =25000.00 ohm\n",
"VCS = 0.20 volts\n",
"BF = 200.00 \n",
"VBS = 0.80 volts\n",
"VI = 5.00 volts\n",
"VCON = 0.30 volts\n",
"ICON = (VCC-VCON)/RL=0.02 ampere\n",
"IBON = (ICON)/BF=9.40e-05 ampere\n",
"IBS = (VI-VBS)/RB=1.68e-04 ampere\n",
"ICS = (VCC-VCS)/RL=1.92e-02 ampere\n",
"Bforced = ICS/IBS=114.29 \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VCC=5\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"RL=250\n",
"print \"RL= %0.2f\"%(RL)+ \" ohm\" #initialization\n",
"RB=25*10**(3)\n",
"print \"RB =%0.2f\"%(RB)+ \" ohm\" # base resistance\n",
"VCS=(0.2)\n",
"print \"VCS = %0.2f\"%(VCS),\" volts\" # voltage\n",
"BF=200\n",
"print \"BF = %0.2f\"%(BF),\" \" #BJT gain\n",
"VBS=(0.8)\n",
"print \"VBS = %0.2f\"%(VBS),\" volts\" # base-emitter voltage for BJT switch\n",
"VI=5\n",
"print \"VI = %0.2f\"%(VI),\" volts\"# input voltage\n",
"VCON=0.3\n",
"print \"VCON = %0.2f\"%(VCON),\" volts\"\n",
"ICON=(VCC-VCON)/RL\n",
"print \"ICON = (VCC-VCON)/RL=%0.2f\"%(ICON),\" ampere\"#collector current for saturated BJT\n",
"IBON=(ICON)/BF\n",
"print \"IBON = (ICON)/BF=%0.2e\"%(IBON),\" ampere\"#Base current for saturated BJT\n",
"IBS=(VI-VBS)/RB\n",
"print \"IBS = (VI-VBS)/RB=%0.2e\"%(IBS),\" ampere\"#Base-emitter current for saturated BJT\n",
"ICS=(VCC-VCS)/RL\n",
"print \"ICS = (VCC-VCS)/RL=%0.2e\"%(ICS),\" ampere\"#Collector-emitter current for saturated BJT\n",
"Bforced=ICS/IBS\n",
"print \"Bforced = ICS/IBS=%0.2f\"%(Bforced),\" \" #BJT forced gain\n",
"#IBS>>IBON hence BJT in saturation"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_10 Page No. 85"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"TJmax= 175.00 degree celsius\n",
"theta= 0.50 degree celsius/mW \n",
"at 25 degree celsius,PDmax=(TJmax-25 )/theta = 300.00 mW \n",
"at 75 degree celsius,PDmax2= (TJmax-75)/theta = 200.00 mW \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"TJmax=175\n",
"print \"TJmax= %0.2f\"%(TJmax),\"degree celsius\" #maximum allowed junction temperature\n",
"theta=0.5\n",
"print \"theta= %0.2f\"%(theta),\"degree celsius/mW \" #thermal resistances b/w junction to ambient\n",
"change_T=TJmax-25#temperature difference\n",
"PDmax=change_T/theta\n",
"print \"at 25 degree celsius,PDmax=(TJmax-25 )/theta = %0.2f\"%(PDmax)+ \" mW \" #maximum allowed power dissipation at TA=25 degree celsius\n",
"change_T=TJmax-75\n",
"PDmax2=change_T/theta\n",
"print \"at 75 degree celsius,PDmax2= (TJmax-75)/theta = %0.2f\"%(PDmax2)+ \" mW \" #maximum allowed power dissipation at TA=75 degree celsius"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_11 Page No. 85"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"TJmax= 175.00 degree celsius\n",
"theta= 0.10 degree celsius/mW \n",
"at 25 degree celsius,PDmax=(TJmax-25 )/theta = 1500.00 mW \n",
"at 75 degree celsius,PDmax= (TJmax-75)/theta = 1000.00 mW \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"TJmax=175\n",
"print \"TJmax= %0.2f\"%(TJmax),\" degree celsius\" #maximum allowed junction temperature\n",
"theta=0.1\n",
"print \"theta= %0.2f\"%(theta),\" degree celsius/mW \" #thermal resistances b/w junction to ambient\n",
"change_T=TJmax-25 #temperature difference\n",
"PDmax=change_T/theta\n",
"print \"at 25 degree celsius,PDmax=(TJmax-25 )/theta = %0.2f\"%(PDmax)+ \" mW \" #maximum allowed power dissipation at TA=25 degree celsius\n",
"change_T=TJmax-75 #temperature difference\n",
"PDmax=change_T/theta\n",
"print \"at 75 degree celsius,PDmax= (TJmax-75)/theta = %0.2f\"%(PDmax)+ \" mW \" #maximum allowed power dissipation at TA=75 degree celsius"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Example 3_12 Page No. 86"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"VBE = 0.70 volts\n",
"VCC = 10.00 volts\n",
"IREF =IQ= 0.01 ampere\n",
"R=(VCC-VBE)/(IREF)= 1860.00 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from __future__ import division \n",
"VBE=(0.7)\n",
"print \"VBE = %0.2f\"%(VBE),\" volts\" # value of base-emitter voltage\n",
"VCC=10\n",
"print \"VCC = %0.2f\"%(VCC),\" volts\" # collector supply voltage \n",
"IREF=5*10**(-3)\n",
"print \"IREF =IQ= %0.2f\"%(IREF),\" ampere\" # current mirror source current\n",
"R=(VCC-VBE)/(IREF)# formulae\n",
"print \"R=(VCC-VBE)/(IREF)= %0.2f\"%(R)+ \" ohm\" #resistance"
]
}
],
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