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"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"CHAPTER 22 NONLINEAR OP-AMP CIRCUITS"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-4, Page 854"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"import math\n",
"\n",
"Vin=10 #ac input(V)\n",
"Vs=15 #non-inverting input voltage(V)\n",
"R1=200.0*10**3 #non-inverting input resistance R1(Ohm)\n",
"R2=100.0*10**3 #non-inverting input resistance R2(Ohm)\n",
"C=10*10**-6 #capacitance at non-inverting input(F)\n",
"\n",
"Vref=Vs/3 #reference voltage at trip point(V)\n",
"fc=(2*math.pi*((R1**-1+R2**-1)**-1)*C)**-1 #cutoff frequency(Hz)\n",
"\n",
"print 'trip point voltage Vref = ',Vref,'V'\n",
"print 'cutoff frequency of bypass circuit fc = ',round(fc,2),'Hz'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"trip point voltage Vref = 5 V\n",
"cutoff frequency of bypass circuit fc = 0.24 Hz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 12
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-5, Page 855"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"import math\n",
"\n",
"Vp=10.0 #sine peak(V)\n",
"Vin=5.0 #input voltage(V) \n",
"\n",
"theta=math.ceil((math.asin(Vin/Vp))*180/math.pi) #angle theta (deg)\n",
"D=(150-theta)/360.0 #duty cycle\n",
"\n",
"print 'theta = ',theta,'degrees'\n",
"print 'duty cycle D = ',round((D*100),2),'%'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"theta = 31.0 degrees\n",
"duty cycle D = 33.06 %\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-6, Page 860"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"R1=1.0 #non-inverting input resistance R1(KOhm)\n",
"R2=47.0 #feedback path resistance R2(KOhm)\n",
"Vsat=13.5 #saturation voltage(V)\n",
"\n",
"B=R1/(R1+R2) #feedback fraction\n",
"UTP=B*Vsat #upper trip point\n",
"LTP=-B*Vsat #lower trip point\n",
"H=UTP-LTP #hysteresis\n",
"\n",
"print 'lower trip point LTP = ',round(LTP,2),'V'\n",
"print 'upper trip point LTP = ',round(UTP,2),'V'\n",
"print 'hysteresis is ',round(H,2),'V'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"lower trip point LTP = -0.28 V\n",
"upper trip point LTP = 0.28 V\n",
"hysteresis is 0.56 V\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-7, Page 865"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"R=2 #inverting input resistance R1(KOhm)\n",
"C=1*10**-6 #feedback path capacitance (F)\n",
"T=1*10**-3 #time period(s)\n",
"Vin=8 #input pulse voltage(V)\n",
"AVOL=100000 #open loop voltage gain\n",
"\n",
"V=Vin*T/(R*C)/1000 #output voltage(V)\n",
"t=R*C*(AVOL+1)*1000 #time constant(s)\n",
"\n",
"print 'Magnitude of negative output voltage at end of the pulse = ',V,'V'\n",
"print 'closed loop time constant = ',t,'s'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Magnitude of negative output voltage at end of the pulse = 4.0 V\n",
"closed loop time constant = 200.002 s\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 19
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-8, Page 868"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"R1=1*10**3 #inverting input resistance R1(Ohm)\n",
"R2=10*10**3 #feedback path resistance R2(Ohm)\n",
"C=10*10**-6 #feedback path capacitance (F)\n",
"Vin=5 #input pulse voltage(V)\n",
"f=1*10**3 #input frequency(Hz)\n",
"\n",
"Vout=Vin/(2*f*R1*C) #output voltage(V)\n",
"\n",
"print 'peak to peak output voltage = ',Vout,'Vpp'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"peak to peak output voltage = 0.25 Vpp\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 22
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-9, Page 868"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"Vs=15.0 #non-inverting input voltage(V)\n",
"Rw=5.0*10**3 #inverting input wiper resistance(Ohm)\n",
"R1=10.0*10**3 #inverting input resistance R1(Ohm)\n",
"f=1.0 #input frequency(KHz) \n",
"\n",
"Vref=Vs*(Rw/(Rw+R1)) #reference voltage(V)\n",
"T=1/f #period of signal(s)\n",
"W=2*(T/2)*((Vs/2)-Vref)/Vs #output pulse width\n",
"D=W/T #duty cycle\n",
"\n",
"print 'duty cycle D = ',round((D*100),2),'%'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"duty cycle D = 16.67 %\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-10, Page 871"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"import math\n",
"\n",
"R1=18.0 #non-inverting input resistance R1(KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.0 #feedback path resistance R2(KOhm)\n",
"R=1.0 #feedback path resistance R(KOhm)\n",
"C=0.1*10**-6 #feedback path capacitance (F)\n",
"\n",
"B=R1/(R1+R2) #feedback fraction\n",
"T=10**9*2*R*C*math.log((1+B)/(1-B)) #period of output(us)\n",
"f=1000*1/T #frequency(KHz)\n",
"\n",
"print 'period T = ',round(T,2),'us'\n",
"print 'frequency f = ',round(f,2),'KHz'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"period T = 588.89 us\n",
"frequency f = 1.7 KHz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 18
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-11, Page 871"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"Vsat=13.5 #saturation voltage given(V)\n",
"R4=10*10**3 #given resistance R4(Ohm)\n",
"C2=10*10**-6 #given capacitance C2(F)\n",
"T=589*10**-6 #period from preceding example(s)\n",
"\n",
"Vout=Vsat*T/(2*R4*C2) #output voltage (V) \n",
"\n",
"print 'Output voltage = ',round((Vout*1000),2),'mVpp'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Output voltage = 39.76 mVpp\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 22-12, Page 873"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"R1=1*10**3 #resistance R1(Ohm)\n",
"R2=100*10**3 #resistance R2(Ohm)\n",
"R3=10*10**3 #resistance R3(Ohm)\n",
"C=10*10**-6 #capacitance (F)\n",
"\n",
"UTP=Vsat*R1/R2 #UTP value (V)\n",
"Vout=2*UTP #output voltage/hysteresis (V)\n",
"f=R2/(4*R1*R3*C) #frequency(Hz)\n",
"\n",
"print 'Vout = H = ',Vout,'V'\n",
"print 'frequency f = ',f,'Hz'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Vout = H = 0.27 V\n",
"frequency f = 250.0 Hz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 37
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}