{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "#Chapter 1:INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.1, Page number 1.35" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "The fringe width beta= 0.2945 mm\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "D=1 #Distance in metre\n", "lamda=589*10**-9 #nm to metres\n", "d=2*10**-3 #mm to metre\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "beta=(D*lamda)/d\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The fringe width beta=\",round(beta*10**3,4),\"mm\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.2, Page number 1.35" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Thickness of glass plate= 3.27 micron.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "N=3 #position\n", "lamda=5450*10**-10 #Wawelength in Armstrong to metre\n", "mu=1.5\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "t=(N*lamda)/(mu-1)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Thickness of glass plate=\",round(t*10**6,2),\"micron.\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.3, Page number 1.36" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Total number of lines n the grating= 9539.0\n", "#Answer varies due to rounding of number\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "w=0.02 \n", "n=1\n", "lamda=6.56*10**-7\n", "theta=(18+(14/60))*math.pi/180\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "N=(w*math.sin(theta))/(n*lamda)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Total number of lines n the grating=\",round(N)\n", "print\"#Answer varies due to rounding of number\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.4, Page number 1.36" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 7, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "t= 11.786 micron\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=5893*10**-10 #Angstroms to mts\n", "x=4*10**-2\n", "beta=1*10**-3\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "t=(lamda*x)/(2*beta)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"t=\",round(t*10**6,3),\"micron\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.6, Page number 1.36" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 9, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "The minimum thickness of coating,t= 996.4 Angstroms\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=5500\n", "nf=1.38\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "t=lamda/(4*nf)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"The minimum thickness of coating,t=\",round(t,1),\"Angstroms\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.7, Page number 1.37" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Wavelength,lamda= 5448.0 *10**-10 m\n", "#Answer varies due to rounding of number\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "beta=0.00227 #distance between adjascent green lines\n", "D=2.5 \n", "d=0.0006 #distance between narrow slits\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "lamda=(beta*d)/D\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Wavelength,lamda=\",round(lamda*10**10),\"*10**-10 m\"\n", "print\"#Answer varies due to rounding of number\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.8, Page number 1.37" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 36, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Smallest thickness of plate,t= 3927.0 *10**-10 m\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=5890*10**-10\n", "mu=1.5\n", "theta=60*math.pi/180 #Converting in to degrees\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "cos=math.cos(theta)\n", "t=(lamda)/(2*mu*(math.cos(theta)))\n", " \n", "#Result\n", "print\"Smallest thickness of plate,t=\",round(t*10**10),\"*10**-10 m\"\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.9, Page number 1.37" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Refractive index,mu = 1.31\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "R=1\n", "n=5\n", "lamda=5.895*10**-7\n", "dn=0.003\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "mu=(4*R*n*lamda)/(dn**2)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Refractive index,mu =\",mu " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "source": [ "##Example number 1.10, Page number 1.38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "N = 327.4\n", "The number of rulings needed is 328. This is the minimum requirement.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=5893;\n", "n=3\n", "d_lamda=6\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "N=(lamda)/(n*d_lamda)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"N =\",round(N,1)\n", "print\"The number of rulings needed is 328. This is the minimum requirement.\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "source": [ "##Example number 1.11, Page number 1.38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 41, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Smallest angular separation of two stars = 2.642 *10**-7 radian\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=5.5*10**-7\n", "d=2.54\n", "x=1.22\n", "#Calculation\n", "dtheta=(x*lamda)/d\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Smallest angular separation of two stars =\",round(dtheta*10**7,3),\"*10**-7 radian\" " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "collapsed": true }, "source": [ "##Example number 1.12, Page number 1.38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 49, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Slit width value, a= 13000.0 Angstroms = 1.3 micron\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "lamda=6500\n", "theta=30*math.pi/180\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "a=lamda/math.sin(theta)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Slit width value, a=\",a,\"Angstroms =\",round(a*10**-4,1),\"micron\"\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.13, Page number 1.38" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "r= 2.0 /1\n", "Hence the ratio of the amplitudes= 2:1\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "a2=1\n", "a1=2*a2\n", "#Calculation\n", "r=a1/a2\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"r=\",r,\"/1\" #r = r/1 = r:1\n", "print\"Hence the ratio of the amplitudes= 2:1\"\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.14, Page number 1.39" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 73, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "a= 2.0 *10**-4 m = 0.2 mm\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "theta=5*10**-3/2\n", "lamda=5*10**-7\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "a=(lamda)/theta\n", "\n", "print\"a=\",round(a*10**4),\"*10**-4 m\",\"=\",a*10**3,\"mm\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.15, Page number 1.39" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 76, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "mu-1= 0.4\n", "Refractive index, mu= 1.4\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "N=20\n", "lamda=5000*10**-10 #Angstroms to meters\n", "t=2.5*10**-5\n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "mu_1=(N*lamda)/t\n", "mu=1+(mu_1)\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"mu-1=\",mu_1\n", "print\"Refractive index, mu=\",mu" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "##Example number 1.16, Page number 1.39" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 79, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ " Maximum number of orders= 3.0\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#importing modules\n", "import math\n", "from __future__ import division\n", "\n", "#Variable declaration\n", "theta=90*math.pi/180 #theta=90 degrees to get maximum number of orders assume\n", "lamda=5890*10**-10\n", "aplusb=2*10**-6 #micro mts to mts \n", "\n", "#Calculation\n", "n=(aplusb*math.sin(theta))/lamda\n", "\n", "#Result\n", "print\"Maximum number of orders=\",round(n)\n" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 2", "language": "python", "name": "python2" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 2 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", "version": "2.7.9" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 0 }