{ "metadata": { "name": "", "signature": "sha256:b2ee1c3d3e88f5241245b2aaba0096c6b15a6abe1de87d5ab25de8744d1af1f8" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, "worksheets": [ { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Chapter 8 : Physical Equilibria Among Phases" ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.1 page : 293" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "def func(C,phi):\n", " return C+2-phi\n", "\n", "# Calculations and results\n", "print (\"part a\")\n", "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(2,2))\n", "print (\"part b\")\n", "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(3,2))\n", "print (\"part c\")\n", "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(3,3))\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "part a\n", "degrees of freedom = 2 \n", "part b\n", "degrees of freedom = 3 \n", "part c\n", "degrees of freedom = 2 \n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 1 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.2 page : 297" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "T = 95. \t\t\t#C\n", "P = 1013. \t\t\t#kPa\n", "Tc = 135. \t\t\t#C\n", "Pc = 3648. \t\t\t#kPa\n", "T0 = 273.1 \t\t\t#C\n", "D = 0.3\n", "P0 = 1800. \t\t\t#kPa\n", "D2 = 0.42\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "Zc = 0.283\n", "Tr = (T+T0)/(Tc+T0)\n", "Pr = P/Pc\n", "phic = 0.88\n", "phi2 = phic*10**(D*0.013)\n", "Prd = P0/Pc\n", "phi3 = 0.78\n", "phi4 = phi3*10**(D2*0.013)\n", "gl = phi2*P/(phi3*P0)\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"equation is gl = %.3f *y/x\"%(gl)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "equation is gl = 0.641 *y/x\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 2 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.3 page :300" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math \n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "ye = 0.434\n", "Pt = 40.25 \t\t\t#kPa\n", "xe = 0.616\n", "Pe1 = 22.9 \t\t\t#kPa\n", "Pe2 = 29.6 \t\t\t#kPa\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "ge = ye*Pt/(xe*Pe1)\n", "gb = (1-ye)*Pt/((1-xe)*Pe2)\n", "E = math.log10(ge) *(1+ (1-xe)*math.log(gb) /(xe*math.log(ge)))**2\n", "B = math.log10(gb) *(1+ xe/(1-xe) *math.log(ge) /math.log(gb))**2\n", "xe2 = 0.4\n", "xb2 = 0.6\n", "lnge2 = E/(1+ E*xe2/(B*xb2))**2\n", "lngb2 = B/(1+ B*xb2/(E*xe2))**2\n", "ge2 = 10**(lnge2)\n", "gb2 = 10**(lngb2)\n", "Pt1 = ge2*Pe1\n", "Pt2 = gb2*Pe2\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"Total pressure in case 1 = %.2f kPa and in case 2 = %.2f kPa\"%(Pt1, Pt2 )\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Total pressure in case 1 = 40.78 kPa and in case 2 = 40.93 kPa\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 3 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.4 page : 310" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "from numpy.linalg import solve\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "k4 = 1.8\n", "k5 = 0.8\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "A = [[k4, k5],[1, 1]]\n", "b = [[1],[1]]\n", "C = solve(A,b)\n", "x4 = C[0]\n", "x5 = C[1]\n", "y4 = k4*x4\n", "y5 = k5*x5\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 1 = %.2f and %.2f respectively\"%(y4,x4)\n", "print \" Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 2 = %.2f and %.2f respectively\"%(y5,x5)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 1 = 0.36 and 0.20 respectively\n", " Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 2 = 0.64 and 0.80 respectively\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.5 page : 312" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math \n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "v1 = 81. \t\t\t#cm**3/gmol\n", "v2 = 97. \t\t\t#cm**3/gmol\n", "d1 = 9.2 \t\t\t#(cal/cm**3)**0.5\n", "d2 = 8.6 \t\t\t#(cal/cm**3)**0.5\n", "R = 1.987\n", "T = 373.1 \t\t\t#K\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "d = 0.5*(d1+d2)\n", "lng1 = v1*(d1-d)**2 /(R*T)\n", "lng2 = v2*(d2-d)**2 /(R*T)\n", "g1 = math.exp(lng1)\n", "g2 = math.exp(lng2)\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"Activity coeffecients of components are %.3f and %.3f respectively\"%(g1,g2)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "Activity coeffecients of components are 1.010 and 1.012 respectively\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 5 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.6 page : 319" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "xe = 0.3\n", "xe2 = 0.9\n", "Pe0 = 810.\n", "Pa0 = 470.\n", "ge = 1.85\n", "ge2 = 1.05\n", "ga = 1.15\n", "ga2 = 3.\n", "Pt = 820. \t\t\t#mm\n", "Pt2 = 900. \t\t\t#mm\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "ye = ge*xe*Pe0/Pt\n", "ya = ga*(1-xe)*Pa0/Pt\n", "yt = ye+ya\n", "ye2 = ye/yt\n", "ya2 = ya/yt\n", "ye3 = ge2*xe2*Pe0/Pt2\n", "ya3 = ga2*(1-xe2)*Pa0/Pt2\n", "yt2 = ye+ya\n", "ye4 = ye3/yt2\n", "ya4 = ya3/yt2\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"In case 1, ye = %.3f and ya = %.3f\"%(ye2,ya2)\n", "print \" In case 1, ye = %.3f and ya = %.3f\"%(ye4,ya4)\n", "print ('The calculations of ya in case 1 in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator')\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "In case 1, ye = 0.543 and ya = 0.457\n", " In case 1, ye = 0.842 and ya = 0.155\n", "The calculations of ya in case 1 in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 6 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.7 page : 326" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "m1 = 121.\n", "m2 = 18.\n", "p1 = 0.0042\n", "p2 = 0.0858\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "massfrac = (p1*m1)/(p1*m1+p2*m2)\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"mass fractions of DMA and water are %.3f and %.3f respectively\"%(massfrac,1-massfrac)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "mass fractions of DMA and water are 0.248 and 0.752 respectively\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.9 page : 335" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "from numpy import array\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "FR = 25.\n", "FE = 19.\n", "bf = 130. \t\t\t#kg\n", "af = 85. \t\t\t#kg\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations\n", "law = FR/FE\n", "x1 = 45./150\n", "x2 = 65./150\n", "ER = 18.5/6\n", "e = array([0.5, 0.1, 0.9])\n", "r = array([0.28, 0.96, 0.04])\n", "et = sum(e)\n", "rt = sum(r)\n", "ett = e/et\n", "rtt = r/rt\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Results\n", "print \"the compositions of raffinate are \",\n", "print (rtt)\n", "print \"the compositions of extract are\",\n", "print (ett)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "the compositions of raffinate are [ 0.21875 0.75 0.03125]\n", "the compositions of extract are [ 0.33333333 0.06666667 0.6 ]\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 8 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.10 page : 342" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "v1 = 0.1316\n", "v2 = 0.2941\n", "x1 = 0.5\n", "x2 = 0.2\n", "x3 = 0.8 \n", "d1 = 14.87\n", "d2 = 16.34\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations and results\n", "vm = x1*(v1+v2)\n", "phi1 = x1*v1/vm\n", "phi2 = (1-x1)*v2/vm\n", "Hl1 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n", "print (\"case 1\")\n", "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl1)\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "case 1\n", "enthalpy = 98.2 kJ/mol\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 9 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.10b page : 343" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math \n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "v1 = 0.1316\n", "v2 = 0.2941\n", "x1 = 0.5\n", "x2 = 0.2\n", "x3 = 0.8 \n", "d1 = 14.87\n", "d2 = 16.34\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations and results\n", "vm = (1-x2)*v1+x2*v2\n", "phi1 = (1-x2)*v1/vm\n", "phi2 = (x2)*v2/vm\n", "Hl2 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n", "print (\"case 2\")\n", "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl2)\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "case 2\n", "enthalpy = 81.5 kJ/mol\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 10 }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Example 8.10c page : 343" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ "import math \n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Variables\n", "v1 = 0.1316\n", "v2 = 0.2941\n", "x1 = 0.5\n", "x2 = 0.2\n", "x3 = 0.8 \n", "d1 = 14.87\n", "d2 = 16.34\n", "\t\t\t\n", "# Calculations and results\n", "vm = (1-x3)*v1+x3*v2\n", "phi1 = (1-x3)*v1/vm\n", "phi2 = (x3)*v2/vm\n", "Hl3 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n", "print (\"case 3\")\n", "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl3)\n", "\n" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", "text": [ "case 3\n", "enthalpy = 51.2 kJ/mol\n" ] } ], "prompt_number": 11 } ], "metadata": {} } ] }