{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
"signature": "sha256:6ada72776bf91dd75540d29fecfeda6a5cab8bde3c866cd455973111367e4933"
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter 9: More on Functions"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.1, page no. 351"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"def sum(x, y):\n",
" return x + y\n",
" \n",
"def product(x, y):\n",
" return x * y\n",
" \n",
"def difference(x, y):\n",
" return x - y\n",
"\n",
"a = 10\n",
"b = 5\n",
"pfun = sum # points to sum() \n",
"result = pfun(a, b)\n",
"print \"pfun = sum result = \", result\n",
"pfun = product # points to product()\n",
"result = pfun(a, b)\n",
"print \"pfun = product result = \", result\n",
"pfun = difference # points to difference()\n",
"result = pfun(a, b)\n",
"print \"pfun = difference result = \", result"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"pfun = sum result = 15\n",
"pfun = product result = 50\n",
"pfun = difference result = 5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.2, page no. 353"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"def sum(x, y):\n",
" return x + y\n",
" \n",
"def product(x, y):\n",
" return x * y\n",
" \n",
"def difference(x, y):\n",
" return x - y\n",
"\n",
"a = 10\n",
"b = 5\n",
"result = 0\n",
"pfun = []\n",
"pfun.append(sum)\n",
"pfun.append(product)\n",
"pfun.append(difference)\n",
"\n",
"for i in range(3):\n",
" result = pfun[i](a, b)\n",
" print \"result = \", result\n",
"\n",
"result = pfun[1](pfun[0](a, b), pfun[2](a, b))\n",
"print \"The product of the sum and the difference = \", result"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"result = 15\n",
"result = 50\n",
"result = 5\n",
"The product of the sum and the difference = 75\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.3, page no. 356"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"def sum(x, y):\n",
" return x + y\n",
" \n",
"def product(x, y):\n",
" return x * y\n",
" \n",
"def difference(x, y):\n",
" return x - y\n",
" \n",
"def any_function(pfun , x, y):\n",
" return pfun(x, y);\n",
"\n",
"a = 10\n",
"b = 5\n",
"pf = sum\n",
"result = any_function(pf, a, b)\n",
"print \"result = \", result\n",
"result = any_function(product, a, b)\n",
"print \"result = \", result\n",
"print \"result = \", any_function(difference, a, b)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"result = 15\n",
"result = 50\n",
"result = 5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.4, page no. 359"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"def test1():\n",
" count = 0\n",
" count += 1\n",
" print \"test1 count = \", count\n",
"\n",
"def test2():\n",
" count = 0\n",
" count += 1\n",
" print \"test2 count = \", count\n",
"\n",
"for i in range(5):\n",
" test1()\n",
" test2()"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.5, page no. 361"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"count = 0\n",
"\n",
"def test1():\n",
" global count\n",
" count += 1\n",
" print \"test1 count = \", count\n",
"\n",
"def test2():\n",
" count = 0\n",
" count += 1\n",
" print \"test2 count = \", count\n",
"\n",
"for i in range(5):\n",
" test1()\n",
" test2()"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"test1 count = 1\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 2\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 3\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 4\n",
"test2 count = 1\n",
"test1 count = 5\n",
"test2 count = 1\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.6, page no. 364"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"def factorial(n):\n",
" if(n < 2):\n",
" return n\n",
" return n*factorial(n - 1)\n",
" \n",
"print \"Enter an integer value: \",\n",
"number = int(raw_input())\n",
"print \"The factorial of %d is %d \"% (number, factorial(number))"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Enter an integer value: "
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"5\n"
]
},
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The factorial of 5 is 120 \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.7, page no. 368"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"def average(*arg):\n",
" sum = arg[0] + arg[1]\n",
" count = 2\n",
" for i in arg:\n",
" count += 1\n",
" sum += i\n",
" average = sum/count\n",
" return average\n",
" \n",
"v1 = 10.5\n",
"v2 = 2.5\n",
"num1 = 6\n",
"num2 = 5\n",
"num3 = 12\n",
"num4 = 20\n",
"print \"Average = %.2f \" %(average(v1, 3.5, v2, 4.5, 0.0))\n",
"print \"Average = %.2f \" %(average(1.0, 2.0, 0.0))\n",
"print \"Average = %.2f \" %(average(num2, v2, num1, num4, num3, 0.0))"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Average = 5.00 \n",
"Average = 1.20 \n",
"Average = 6.62 \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 8
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.8, page no. 370"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"import sys\n",
"\n",
"print \"Program name: \", sys.argv[0]\n",
"for i in range(1, len(sys.argv)):\n",
" print \"Argument %d: %s \"%(i, sys.argv[i])"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Program name: -c\n",
"Argument 1: -f \n",
"Argument 2: /tmp/tmpL28uUI/profile_default/security/kernel-d2752270-d981-4bb2-b2bc-3d505dfa3dd5.json \n",
"Argument 3: --IPKernelApp.parent_appname='ipython-notebook' \n",
"Argument 4: --profile-dir \n",
"Argument 5: /tmp/tmpL28uUI/profile_default \n",
"Argument 6: --parent=1 \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Program 9.9, page no. 377"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"\n",
"SIZE = 6\n",
"comp_c = '@'\n",
"player_c = '0'\n",
"board = [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\n",
" [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\n",
" [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\n",
" [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\n",
" [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\n",
" [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]\n",
"\n",
"moves = [[False, False, False, False, False, False],\n",
" [False, False, False, False, False, False],\n",
" [False, False, False, False, False, False],\n",
" [False, False, False, False, False, False],\n",
" [False, False, False, False, False, False],\n",
" [False, False, False, False, False, False]]\n",
"no_of_moves = 0\n",
"invalid_moves = 0\n",
"again = 0\n",
"next_player = True\n",
"\n",
"def get_score(board, player):\n",
" global comp_c\n",
" global player_c\n",
" return player_counters(board, player) - player_counters(board, (comp_c if player == player_c else player_c)) \n",
" \n",
"def player_counters(board,player):\n",
" count = 0;\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" if(board[row][col] == player):\n",
" count += 1\n",
" return count;\n",
"\n",
"def computer_move(board,moves, player):\n",
" best_row = 0;\n",
" best_col = 0;\n",
" new_score = 0;\n",
" score = SIZE*SIZE;\n",
" temp_board = []\n",
" temp_moves = []\n",
" for i in range(SIZE):\n",
" a = []\n",
" b = []\n",
" for j in range(SIZE):\n",
" a.append(0)\n",
" b.append(False)\n",
" temp_board.append(a)\n",
" temp_moves.append(b) \n",
" opponent = comp_c if (player == player_c) else player_c\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" if(not moves[row][col]):\n",
" continue;\n",
" temp_board = board\n",
" make_move(temp_board, row, col, player);\n",
" valid_moves(temp_board, temp_moves, opponent);\n",
" new_score = best_move(temp_board, temp_moves, opponent);\n",
" if(new_score < score):\n",
" score = new_score;\n",
" best_row = row;\n",
" best_col = col;\n",
" make_move(board, best_row, best_col, player);\n",
"\n",
" \n",
"def best_move(board, moves, player):\n",
" new_board = []\n",
" for i in range(SIZE):\n",
" a = []\n",
" for j in range(SIZE):\n",
" a.append(0)\n",
" new_board.append(a)\n",
" score = 0;\n",
" new_score = 0;\n",
"\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" if(not moves[row][col]):\n",
" continue;\n",
" new_board = board\n",
" make_move(new_board, row, col, player);\n",
" new_score = get_score(new_board, player);\n",
" if(score < new_score):\n",
" score = new_score;\n",
" return score;\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"def make_move(board,row,col,player):\n",
" rowdelta = 0;\n",
" coldelta = 0;\n",
" x = 0;\n",
" y = 0;\n",
" if player == player_c:\n",
" opponent = comp_c\n",
" else:\n",
" opponent = player_c \n",
" \n",
" board[row][col] = player\n",
" for rowdelta in range(-1,2):\n",
" for coldelta in range(-1,2):\n",
" if((row == 0 and rowdelta == -1) or row + rowdelta >= SIZE or(col == 0 and coldelta == -1) or col + coldelta >= SIZE or\n",
"(rowdelta == 0 and coldelta == 0)):\n",
" continue;\n",
"\n",
" if(board[row + rowdelta][col + coldelta] == opponent):\n",
" x = row + rowdelta;\n",
" y = col + coldelta;\n",
" \n",
" while True:\n",
" x += rowdelta;\n",
" y += coldelta;\n",
" if(x >= SIZE or y >= SIZE or board[x][y] == ' '):\n",
" break;\n",
" if(board[x][y] == player):\n",
" x -= rowdelta\n",
" y -= coldelta\n",
" while(board[x][y] == opponent):\n",
" board[x][y] = player;\n",
" x -= rowdelta\n",
" y -= coldelta\n",
" \n",
" break;\n",
"\n",
"def reset_board(board):\n",
" global SIZE\n",
" global player_c\n",
" global comp_c\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" board[row][col] = ' '\n",
" \n",
" mid = SIZE/2\n",
" board[mid][mid] = player_c\n",
" board[mid-1][mid-1] = board[mid][mid]\n",
" board[mid][mid - 1] = comp_c\n",
" board[mid-1][mid] = board[mid][mid - 1]\n",
"\n",
"def display(board):\n",
" col_label = 'a'\n",
" print \"\"\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" print \"%c\" %((chr(ord(col_label) + col))),\n",
" print \"\"\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" print \" +\",\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" print \"---+\",\n",
" print \"\\n%2d|\" %(row + 1)\n",
" \n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" print \" %c |\" %(board[row][col]),\n",
" print \"\"\n",
" print \" +\"\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" print \"---+\",\n",
" print \"\"\n",
"\n",
"def valid_moves(board, moves, player):\n",
" global SIZE\n",
" global player_c\n",
" global comp_c\n",
" rowdelta = 0\n",
" coldelta = 0\n",
" x = 0\n",
" y = 0\n",
" global no_of_moves\n",
" opponent = comp_c if (player == player_c) else player_c\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" moves[row][col] = False\n",
" for row in range(SIZE):\n",
" for col in range(SIZE):\n",
" if(board[row][col] != ' '):\n",
" continue\n",
" for rowdelta in range(-1, rowdelta+1):\n",
" for coldelta in range(-1, coldelta+1):\n",
" if((row == 0 and rowdelta == -1) or row + rowdelta >= SIZE or (col == 0 and coldelta == -1) or col + coldelta >= SIZE or (rowdelta == 0 and coldelta == 0)):\n",
" continue\n",
" if(board[row + rowdelta][col + coldelta] == opponent):\n",
" x = row + rowdelta\n",
" y = col + coldelta \n",
" while(True):\n",
" x += rowdelta\n",
" y += coldelta\n",
" if(x < 0 or x >= SIZE or y < 0 or y >= SIZE or board[x][y] == ' '):\n",
" break\n",
" if(board[x][y] == player):\n",
" moves[row][col] = True\n",
" no_of_moves += 1\n",
" break\n",
" return no_of_moves\n",
"\n",
" \n",
"print \"REVERSI\"\n",
"print \"You can go first on the first game, then we will take turns.\"\n",
"print \"You will be white - (%c)\\nI will be black - (%c). \" %(player_c, comp_c)\n",
"print \"Select a square for your move by typing a digit for the row and a letter for the column with no spaces between.\"\n",
"print \"Good luck! Press Enter to start.\"\n",
"raw_input()\n",
"while(True):\n",
" reset_board(board)\n",
" next_player = not(next_player)\n",
" no_of_moves = 4\n",
" while(True):\n",
" display(board)\n",
" next_player = not next_player\n",
" if(True == next_player):\n",
" if(valid_moves(board, moves, player_c)):\n",
" while(True):\n",
" print \"Please enter your move (row column - no space): \",\n",
" x = int(raw_input(\"row: \"))\n",
" y = raw_input(\"col: \")\n",
" y = ord(chr(ord(y.lower()) - ord('a')))\n",
" x -= 1\n",
" if(y < 0 or y >= SIZE or x >= SIZE or (not moves[x][y])):\n",
" print \"Not a valid move, try again.\\n\"\n",
" continue\n",
" make_move(board, x, y, player_c)\n",
" no_of_moves += 1\n",
" break\n",
" else:\n",
" invalid_moves += 1\n",
" if(invalid_moves < 2):\n",
" print \"You have to pass, press return\",\n",
" again = raw_input()\n",
" else:\n",
" print \"\\nNeither of us can go, so the game is over. \"\n",
" else:\n",
" if(valid_moves(board, moves, comp_c)):\n",
" invalid_moves = 0\n",
" computer_move(board, moves, comp_c)\n",
" no_of_moves += 1\n",
" else:\n",
" invalid_moves += 1\n",
" if(invalid_moves < 2):\n",
" print \"I have to pass, your go \"\n",
" else:\n",
" print \"Neither of us can go, so the game is over.\",\n",
" display(board)\n",
" print \"The final score is: \"\n",
" print \"Computer %d User %d \" %(player_counters(board, comp_c), player_counters(board, player_c))\n",
"\n",
" print \"Do you want to play again (y/n): \", \n",
" again = raw_input()\n",
" if again == 'y':\n",
" continue;\n",
" else:\n",
" break \n",
" if (no_of_moves < SIZE*SIZE and invalid_moves < 2):\n",
" continue\n",
" else:\n",
" break\n",
" if again == 'n':\n",
" break\n",
"print \"\\nGoodbye\\n\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"REVERSI\n",
"You can go first on the first game, then we will take turns.\n",
"You will be white - (0)\n",
"I will be black - (@). \n",
"Select a square for your move by typing a digit for the row and a letter for the column with no spaces between.\n",
"Good luck! Press Enter to start.\n"
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"\n"
]
},
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"\n",
"a b c d e f \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 1|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 2|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 3|\n",
" | | 0 | @ | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 4|\n",
" | | @ | 0 | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 5|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 6|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" +\n",
"---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
"Please enter your move (row column - no space): "
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"row: 3\n"
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"col: e\n"
]
},
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" \n",
"a b c d e f \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 1|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 2|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 3|\n",
" | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 4|\n",
" | | @ | 0 | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 5|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" + ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
" 6|\n",
" | | | | | | \n",
" +\n",
"---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ ---+ \n",
"The final score is: \n",
"Computer 1 User 4 \n",
"Do you want to play again (y/n): "
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"n\n"
]
},
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" \n",
"Goodbye\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}