{
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"signature": "sha256:59cd343af66270b4e29714c4ca9503ff6321478ece54592a85a310df01cfd603"
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"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter05 : Waveform Generators"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.1 : page 170"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"from __future__ import division\n",
"# given data \n",
"fo=1 #in KHz\n",
"# assume R1=1 Kohm and C=1 uF\n",
"R1=1 #in Kohm\n",
"C=1 #in uF\n",
"R2=1.16*R1 #in Kohm\n",
"R=1/(2*fo*10**3*C*10**-6)\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\" %R1\n",
"print \"Value of R2 = %0.2f kohm\" %R2\n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f ohm\" %R\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\"%C"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of R1 = 1.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R2 = 1.16 kohm\n",
"Value of R = 500.00 ohm\n",
"Value of C = 1.00 uF\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.2 : page 170"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"from math import log\n",
"# given data \n",
"fo=1 #in KHz\n",
"BETA=0.6 #unitless\n",
"print \"As choosing R1=1 Kohm\"\n",
"# assume R1=1 Kohm and C=1 uF\n",
"R1=1 #in Kohm\n",
"C=1 #in uF\n",
"R=1/(2*fo*10**3*C*10**-6*log((1+BETA)/(1-BETA))) \n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f ohm\"%R\n",
"#Answer in the book is wrong"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"As choosing R1=1 Kohm\n",
"Value of R = 360.67 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.3 : page 170"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"BETA=0.41 #unitless\n",
"R=2.7 #in Kohm\n",
"C=0.1 #in uF\n",
"fo=1/(2*R*C*log((1+BETA)/(1-BETA))) #in KHz\n",
"print \"Output signal frequency = %0.3f khz\"%fo,"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Output signal frequency = 2.126 khz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.4 : page 171"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"Ton=100 #in mSEC\n",
"Toff=200 #in mSEC\n",
"BETA=0.2 #unitless\n",
"#Let R1=1 Kohm\n",
"R1=1 #in Kohm\n",
"R2=R1*(1-BETA)/BETA #in Kohm\n",
"# Assuming C=10 uF\n",
"C=10 #in uF\n",
"R3=Ton*10**-3/(C*10**-6*0.41) #in Kohm\n",
"R4=Toff*10**-3/(C*10**-6*0.41) # in Kohm\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\"%R1\n",
"print \"Value of R2 = %0.2f kohm\"%R2\n",
"print \"Value of R3 = %0.2f kohm\"%(R3/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of R4 = %0.2f kohm\"%(R4/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\"%C"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of R1 = 1.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R2 = 4.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R3 = 24.39 kohm\n",
"Value of R4 = 48.78 kohm\n",
"Value of C = 10.00 uF\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.5 : page 171"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"Vo=7.5 #in Volt\n",
"fo=1 # in KHz\n",
"DutyCycle=60 #in %\n",
"Vz=6.8 # in volt\n",
"Vz1=6.8 # in volt\n",
"Vz2=6.8 # in volt\n",
"VD=0.7 # in volt\n",
"T=1/fo #in mSec\n",
"# duty cycle 60% gives Ton & Toff\n",
"Ton=0.6*T #in mSec\n",
"Toff=T-Ton #in mSec\n",
"# choosing R2=1.16*R1\n",
"R1=1 #in Kohm\n",
"C=0.1 #in uF\n",
"R2=1.16*R1 #in Kohm\n",
"R3=Ton*10**-3/(C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"R4=Toff*10**-3/(C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\"%R1\n",
"print \"Value of R2 = %0.2f kohm\"%R2\n",
"print \"Value of R3 = %0.2f kohm\"%(R3/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of R4 = %0.2f kohm\"%(R4/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\"%C"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of R1 = 1.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R2 = 1.16 kohm\n",
"Value of R3 = 6.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R4 = 4.00 kohm\n",
"Value of C = 0.10 uF\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 8
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.6 : page 179"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"RA=6.8 #in Kohm\n",
"RB=3.3 #in Kohm\n",
"C=0.1 #in uF\n",
"fo=1.45/((RA+2*RB)*C) # in KHz\n",
"d=(RA+RB)/(RA+2*RB) \n",
"print \"Frequency of oscillation = %0.2f khz\"%fo\n",
"print \"Duty cycle = %0.2f %%\" %(d*100)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Frequency of oscillation = 1.08 khz\n",
"Duty cycle = 75.37 %\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.7 : page 179"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=50 #in kHz\n",
"d=75/100 #unitless\n",
"C=1 #in nF\n",
"print \"RA+2RB=28.9 kohm\" \n",
"print \"d=0.75=(RA+RB)/(RA+2*RB)\" \n",
"print \"It gives RA=2*RB\" \n",
"RA=28.9/2 # in kohm\n",
"RB=RA/2 #in kohm\n",
"print \"Value of RA = %0.1f kohm \" %RA\n",
"print \"Value of RB = %0.2f kohm \" %RB"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"RA+2RB=28.9 kohm\n",
"d=0.75=(RA+RB)/(RA+2*RB)\n",
"It gives RA=2*RB\n",
"Value of RA = 14.4 kohm \n",
"Value of RB = 7.22 kohm \n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 12
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.8 : page 180"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=800 # in Hz\n",
"d=60/100 #unitless\n",
"T=1/fo #in Sec\n",
"TC=0.6*T #in Sec\n",
"TD=T-TC #in Sec\n",
"C=0.01 #in uF\n",
"C2=10 #in uF\n",
"RB=TD/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"RA=(TC-0.69*RB*C*10**-6)/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of RA = %0.2f kohm \" %(RA/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of RB = %0.2f kohm \" %(RB/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\" %C\n",
"print \"Value of C2 = %0.2f uF\" %C2"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of RA = 36.23 kohm \n",
"Value of RB = 72.46 kohm \n",
"Value of C = 0.01 uF\n",
"Value of C2 = 10.00 uF\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 13
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.9 : page 180"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=700 # in Hz\n",
"d=50/100 #unitless\n",
"T=1/fo #in Sec\n",
"TC=0.5*T #in Sec\n",
"TD=T-TC #in Sec\n",
"C=0.1 #in uF\n",
"RB=TD/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"RA=TC/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of RA = %0.1f kohm \" %(RA/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of RB = %0.1f kohm \" %(RB/1000)\n",
"print \"We have TC = TD = %0.3f ms\" %(TC*1000)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of RA = 10.4 kohm \n",
"Value of RB = 10.4 kohm \n",
"We have TC = TD = 0.714 ms\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 16
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.10 : page 181"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=1 # in KHz\n",
"d=40/100 #unitless\n",
"T=1/fo #in Sec\n",
"TC=0.4*T #in mSec\n",
"TD=T-TC #in mSec\n",
"C=0.1 #in uF\n",
"RB=TD*10**-3/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"RA=TC*10**-3/(0.69*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of RA = %0.2f kohm \" %(RA/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of RB = %0.2f kohm \" %(RB/1000)\n",
"print \"We have TC = %0.2f ms\" %(TC)\n",
"print \"We have TD = %0.2f ms\" %(TD)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of RA = 5.80 kohm \n",
"Value of RB = 8.70 kohm \n",
"We have TC = 0.40 ms\n",
"We have TD = 0.60 ms\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 17
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.11 : page 186"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"T=100 # in uSec\n",
"C=15 #in \n",
"R=T*10**-6/(1.1*C*10**-9) #in ohm\n",
"print \"To obtain a output pulse at 100uSec resistor required = %0.2f kohm\"%(R/1000)\n",
"#Note : in the question 15uF is given but in the solution 15nF is used in the book"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"To obtain a output pulse at 100uSec resistor required = 6.06 kohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 18
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.12 : page 187"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"VCC=15 #in Volt\n",
"T=10 #in mSec\n",
"ILED=20 #in mA\n",
"Vf=1.4 #in Volt\n",
"VBE=0.7 #in Volt\n",
"VCEsat=0.2 #in Volt\n",
"C=0.22 #in uF\n",
"R=T*10**-3/(1.1*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"#output of the device \n",
"Vo=VCC-2*VBE-VCEsat \n",
"R5=(Vo-Vf)/(ILED*10**-3) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f kohm\" %(R/1000)\n",
"print \"Output of the device = %0.2f Volt\" %(Vo)\n",
"print \"Value of RB = %0.2f ohm\" %(R5)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of R = 41.32 kohm\n",
"Output of the device = 13.40 Volt\n",
"Value of RB = 600.00 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 20
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.13 : page 187"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=2 # in KHz\n",
"C=0.01 #in uF\n",
"T=1/fo #in mSec\n",
"tp=1.2*T #in mSec\n",
"R=tp*10**-3/(1.1*C*10**-6) #in ohm\n",
"print \"Period of trigger pulse = %0.2f ms\" %(tp)\n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f kohm\"%(R/1000)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Period of trigger pulse = 0.60 ms\n",
"Value of R = 54.55 kohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 21
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.14 : page 193"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"fo=2 # in KHz\n",
"Vopp=5 #in volts\n",
"Vsat=13 #in Volts\n",
"# Let the value of R2 used be 10 Kohm \n",
"R2=10 #in Kohm\n",
"R3=(2*R2*Vsat)/Vopp #in Kohm \n",
"# Let C1=0.1 uF\n",
"C1=0.1 # in uF\n",
"R1=R3/(4*fo*10**3*C1*10**-6*R2) # in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\" %(R1/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of C1 = %0.2f uF\" %(C1)\n",
"print \"Value of R2 = %0.2f kohm\" %R2\n",
"print \"Value of R3 = %0.2f kohm\" %R3 "
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of R1 = 6.50 kohm\n",
"Value of C1 = 0.10 uF\n",
"Value of R2 = 10.00 kohm\n",
"Value of R3 = 52.00 kohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 22
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.15 : page 193"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"Vcc=12 #in Volt\n",
"R1=10 #in Kohm\n",
"R2=100 #in Kohm\n",
"R3=820 #in Kohm\n",
"# Let Vsat=10 volt\n",
"Vsat=10 #in volt\n",
"# part (a)\n",
"Vopp=2*R2*Vsat/R3 #in Volt\n",
"print \"Amplitude of triangular wave = %0.2f Volt\" %(Vopp)\n",
"Vopp=Vsat-(-Vsat) # in Volt\n",
"print \"Amplitude of square wave = %0.2f Volt\" %(Vopp)\n",
"# part (b)\n",
"C1=0.1 # in uF\n",
"fo=R3*1000/(4*R1*1000*R2*1000*C1*10**-6) # in Hz\n",
"print \"Frequency = %0.2f kHz\" %(fo/1000)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Amplitude of triangular wave = 2.44 Volt\n",
"Amplitude of square wave = 20.00 Volt\n",
"Frequency = 2.05 kHz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 23
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.16 : page 205"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"from math import sqrt, pi\n",
"# given data \n",
"fo=1 # in KHz\n",
"# choose C=.01 uF\n",
"C=.01 # in uF\n",
"R=1/(2*pi*sqrt(6)*fo*1000*C*10**-6) # in ohm\n",
"R1=35.6 # in Kohm\n",
"RF=29*R1 #in ohm\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\" %(C)\n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f kohm\" %(R/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\" %R1\n",
"print \"Value of RF = %0.2f Mohm\" %(RF/1000) \n",
"# Note : Answer in the book is wrong"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of C = 0.01 uF\n",
"Value of R = 6.50 kohm\n",
"Value of R1 = 35.60 kohm\n",
"Value of RF = 1.03 Mohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 24
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.17 : page 206"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"from math import sqrt, pi\n",
"# given data \n",
"fo=1 # in KHz\n",
"# choose C=.01 uF\n",
"C=.01 # in uF\n",
"R=1/(2*pi*fo*1000*C*10**-6) # in ohm\n",
"# choosing R1=10 Kohm\n",
"R1=10 # in Kohm\n",
"RF=2*R1 #in Kohm\n",
"print \"Value of C = %0.2f uF\" %(C)\n",
"print \"Value of R = %0.2f kohm\" %(R/1000)\n",
"print \"Value of R1 = %0.2f kohm\" %R1\n",
"print \"Value of RF = %0.2f kohm\" %(RF) "
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Value of C = 0.01 uF\n",
"Value of R = 15.92 kohm\n",
"Value of R1 = 10.00 kohm\n",
"Value of RF = 20.00 kohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 25
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.19 : page 207"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"R=1 #in Kohm\n",
"C=3.6 #in uF\n",
"fo=1/(2*pi*R*1000*C*10**-6) # in Hz\n",
"print \"The frequency of oscillation = %0.2f Hz\" %fo"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"The frequency of oscillation = 44.21 Hz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 26
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.20 : page 217"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"R1=10 #in Kohm\n",
"R2=47 #in Kohm\n",
"R3=5.6 #in Kohm\n",
"RT=4.7 #in Kohm\n",
"CT=0.05 #in uF\n",
"V1=-10 #in Volt\n",
"V2=2 #in Volt\n",
"Vop=-(R1*V1/R2+R1*V2/R3) # in volt\n",
"VEE=0 #in Volt\n",
"I=(VEE+3-Vop)/RT # in mA\n",
"fo=0.32*I*10**-3/(CT*10**-6) #in Hz\n",
"print \"Op-amp voltage = %0.2f V \"%Vop\n",
"print \"Frequency = %0.2f kHz\" %(fo/1000)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Op-amp voltage = -1.44 V \n",
"Frequency = 6.05 kHz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 27
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.21 : page 233"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"# given data \n",
"RT=50 #in Kohm\n",
"CT=0.001 #in uF\n",
"V=20 #in Volt\n",
"C=10 #in uF\n",
"fo=0.25/(RT*10**3*CT*10**-6) #in Hz\n",
"dfl=7.8*fo/V #in Hz\n",
"dfc=sqrt(dfl/(2*pi*3.6*10**3*C*10**-6)) #in Hz\n",
"print \"Free running frequency = %0.2f kHz\" %(fo/1000)\n",
"print \"Lock range = %0.2f kHz\" %(dfl/1000)\n",
"print \"Capture range = %0.2f Hz\" %(dfc)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Free running frequency = 5.00 kHz\n",
"Lock range = 1.95 kHz\n",
"Capture range = 92.85 Hz\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 28
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Exa 5.22 : page 237"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"from math import log10, ceil\n",
"# given data \n",
"fomax=100 # in KHz\n",
"Resolution=2 #in Hz\n",
"flowest=Resolution #in Hz\n",
"fclk=fomax*2.2 #in KHz\n",
"# formula: 2**n=fclk/flowest\n",
"n=(log10(fclk*1000/flowest))/log10(2) \n",
"print \" Frequency of reference oscillator = %0.2f kHz\" %fclk\n",
"print \" No. of bits needed is \",ceil(n) "
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" Frequency of reference oscillator = 220.00 kHz\n",
" No. of bits needed is 17.0\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 29
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}