From c7fe425ef3c5e8804f2f5de3d8fffedf5e2f1131 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hardythe1 Date: Tue, 7 Apr 2015 15:58:05 +0530 Subject: added books --- Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb | 366 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 366 insertions(+) create mode 100755 Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb (limited to 'Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb') diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb b/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..b99ff137 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,366 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:0f6dea1f19194326599a9bca2989e912ed17e32f1ffb8d9305e16c13f8cacf2c" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "18: Radioactive decay" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.1, Page number 347" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "N0=1; #assume\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "f=(N0/2)/N0; #fraction after t1/2\n", + "f1=(N0/4)/N0; #fraction after 2 half lives\n", + "f2=(N0/(2**5))/N0; #fraction after 5 half lives\n", + "f3=(N0/(2**10))/N0; #fraction after 10 half lives\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"fraction after 2 half lives is\",f1\n", + "print \"fraction after 5 half lives is\",f2\n", + "print \"fraction after 10 half lives is\",f3" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "fraction after 2 half lives is 0.25\n", + "fraction after 5 half lives is 0.03125\n", + "fraction after 10 half lives is 0.0009765625\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.2, Page number 348" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "thalf=2.7*24*60*60; #half life(s)\n", + "m=1*10**-6; #mass(gm)\n", + "Na=6.02*10**23; #avagadro number(atoms/mol)\n", + "M=198; #molar mass(g/mol)\n", + "t=8*24*60*60;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "lamda=0.693/thalf; #decay constant(per sec)\n", + "N=m*Na/M; #number of nuclei(atoms)\n", + "A0=lamda*N; #activity(disintegrations per sec)\n", + "A=A0*math.exp(-lamda*t); #activity for 8 days(decays per sec)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"decay constant is\",round(lamda*10**6,2),\"*10**-6 per sec\"\n", + "print \"activity is\",round(A0/10**9,2),\"*10**9 disintegrations per sec\"\n", + "print \"activity for 8 days is\",round(A/10**9,2),\"*10**9 decays per sec\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "decay constant is 2.97 *10**-6 per sec\n", + "activity is 9.03 *10**9 disintegrations per sec\n", + "activity for 8 days is 1.16 *10**9 decays per sec\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.3, Page number 348" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "thalf=5570*365*24*60*60; #half life(s)\n", + "dNbydt=3.7*10**10*2*10**-3; #number of decays per sec\n", + "m=14;\n", + "Na=6.02*10**23; #avagadro number(atoms/mol)\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "lamda=0.693/thalf; #decay constant(per sec)\n", + "N=dNbydt/lamda; #number of atoms\n", + "mN=m*N/Na; #mass of 2mCi(g)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"mass of 2mCi is\",round(mN*10**4,2),\"*10**-4 g\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass of 2mCi is 4.36 *10**-4 g\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.5, Page number 353" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "thalf=1.25*10**9; #half life(yr)\n", + "r=10.2; #ratio of number of atoms\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "a=1+r;\n", + "lamda=0.693/thalf; #decay constant(per yr)\n", + "t=math.log(a)/lamda; #time(yr)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"the rock is\",round(t/10**9,2),\"*10**9 yrs old\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "the rock is 4.36 *10**9 yrs old\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.6, Page number 356" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "mU=232.037131; #atomic mass of U(u)\n", + "mHe=4.002603; #atomic mass of He(u)\n", + "E=931.5; #energy(MeV)\n", + "KE=5.32; #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "mTh=mU-mHe-(KE/E); #atomic mass of Th(u)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"atomic mass of Th is\",round(mTh,5),\"u\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "atomic mass of Th is 228.02882 u\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.7, Page number 359" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "E=931.5; #energy(MeV)\n", + "mX=11.011433; #mass of 11C(u)\n", + "mXdash=11.009305; #mass of 11B(u)\n", + "me=0.511;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "Q=(E*(mX-mXdash))-(2*me); #Q value for decay(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"maximum energy is\",round(Q,2),\"MeV.minimum energy is zero\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "maximum energy is 0.96 MeV.minimum energy is zero\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.8, Page number 359" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "mK=39.963999; #mass of K(u)\n", + "mAr=39.962384; #mass of Ar(u)\n", + "E=931.5; #energy(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "Q=(mK-mAr)*E; #kinetic energy of neutrino(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"kinetic energy of neutrino is\",round(Q,3),\"MeV\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "kinetic energy of neutrino is 1.504 MeV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example number 18.9, Page number 360" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "mN=12.018613; #mass of N(u)\n", + "mC=12; #mass of C(u)\n", + "me=0.000549; #mass of me(u)\n", + "E=931.5; #energy(MeV)\n", + "Egamma=4.43; #energy of emitted gamma ray(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "Q=(mN-mC-(2*me))*E; #Q value(MeV)\n", + "Emax=Q-Egamma; #maximum kinetic energy(MeV)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"maximum kinetic energy is\",round(Emax,2),\"MeV\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "maximum kinetic energy is 11.89 MeV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 20 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file -- cgit