From 34887da4e2731004f7cf208ae59b72f2e27b33cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hardythe1 Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2014 16:41:00 +0530 Subject: adding books --- .../Chapter_9.ipynb | 664 +++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 664 insertions(+) create mode 100755 Engineering_Physics_by_K._Rajagopal/Chapter_9.ipynb (limited to 'Engineering_Physics_by_K._Rajagopal/Chapter_9.ipynb') diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_K._Rajagopal/Chapter_9.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_by_K._Rajagopal/Chapter_9.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..94d3c955 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics_by_K._Rajagopal/Chapter_9.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,664 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 9: Quantum Physics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.1, Page 279" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "e = 1.602e-19; # Charge of electron in Coloumb\n", + "lamda = 2e-10; # Wavelength of a photon in meters\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planc's constant in Joule second\n", + "c = 3.e8; # Velocity og light in air in meter per second\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "E = (h*c)/(lamda*e);#Thermal conductivity of Ni\n", + "p = h/lamda;#The momentum of photon \n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'The energy of photon is ',round(E,3),'eV' #Incorrect answer in textbook\n", + "print 'The momentum of photon is ',p,'(kg.m)/s'\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The energy of photon is 6198.502 eV\n", + "The momentum of photon is 3.31e-24 (kg.m)/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.2, Page 280" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant J.s\n", + "v = 440e3; # Operating frequency of radio in Hertz\n", + "P = 20e3 ; # Power of radio transmitter in Watts\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "n = P/(h*v);# Let n be the number of photons emitted per second\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Number of photon emitted per second is ',round(n/1e30,2),'*10^30'\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Number of photon emitted per second is 68.66 *10^30\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.3, Page 280" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in J.s\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of ligth in air\n", + "t = 18000; # Time of glow - (5*3600) in seconds\n", + "P = 30 #Power in watts\n", + "lamda = 5893e-10; # Wavelength of emitted ligth in meters\n", + "\n", + "#calculations\n", + "E = (h*c)/lamda; # Energy of a photon\n", + "n = (P*t)/E; # let n be the number of photons emitted in 5 hours\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Number of photons emitted in 5 hours is',round(n/1e24,3),'*10^24'\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Number of photons emitted in 5 hours is 1.602 *10^24\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.4, Page 287" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "h = 6.62*1e-34; # Plancl's constant in J.s\n", + "c = 3*1e8; # Velocity of light in vacccum in m/s \n", + "m = 9.1*1e-31; # Mass of electron in Kg\n", + "l = 0.7078*1e-10 # Wavelength in meter\n", + "theta = 90;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "delta = (h*(1-round(cos(theta)))/(m*c));\n", + "Nlambda = l + delta;\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'The wavelength of scattered X-rays is %.4f A'%(Nlambda/1e-10)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The wavelength of scattered X-rays is 0.7320 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.5, Page 287" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos,degrees,radians\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in J.s\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "lamda = 1.8e18; # Frequency of the incident rays\n", + "theta = 180;#angle in degree\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "lamda = c/lamda;\n", + "delta = (h*(1-cos(radians(theta))))/(m*c);\n", + "Nlambda = lamda+delta;#'Wavelength of scattered X-rays\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Wavelength of scattered X-rays is %.4f A'%(Nlambda/1e-10)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Wavelength of scattered X-rays is 1.7152 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.6, Page 288" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "lamda = 1.12e-10; # Wavelength of light in meters\n", + "theta = 90;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "delta = (h*(1-round(cos(theta))))/(m*c);\n", + "Nlambda = lamda + delta;#The wavelength of scattered X-rays \n", + "E = (h*c)*((1/lamda)-(1/Nlambda)) ;#Energy of electron\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'The wavelength of scattered X-rays is %.3f A'%(Nlambda/1e-10)\n", + "print 'Energy of electron is %.2f *10^-17 J'%(E/1e-17)\n", + " \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The wavelength of scattered X-rays is 1.144 A\n", + "Energy of electron is 3.76 *10^-17 J\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Exampe 9.7, Page 289" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos,radians\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "lamda = 0.03e-10; # Wavelength of light in meters\n", + "theta = 60;#angle in degrees\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "delta = (h*(1-cos(radians(theta))))/(m*c);\n", + "Nlambda = lamda + delta;\n", + "E = ((h*c)*((1./lamda)-(1./Nlambda)))/1.6e-19 ;#Energy of recoiling electron\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Energy of recoiling electron is %.3f MeV'%(E/1e+6)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy of recoiling electron is 0.119 MeV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eample 9.8, Page 289" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos,radians\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "lamda = 0.5e-10; # Wavelength of light in meters\n", + "theta = 90;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "delta = (h*(1-cos(radians(theta))))/(m*c);\n", + "Nlambda = lamda + delta;\n", + "E = (h*c)*((1./lamda)-(1./Nlambda)) ;\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Energy of electron is %.2f *10^-16 J'%(E/1e-16)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy of electron is 1.84 *10^-16 J\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.9, Page 290" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "lamda = 1.5e-10; # Wavelength of light in meters\n", + "E = 0.5e-16; # Energy of electron in J \n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "Nlambda = ((h*c)/lamda)-E;#'Energy of scattered electron\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Energy of scattered electron is %.2f *10^-16 J'%(Nlambda/1e-16)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy of scattered electron is 12.74 *10^-16 J\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.10, Page 290" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos,radians\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "lamda=0.022*1e-10;#wavelength in meters\n", + "th=45;#angle in degree\n", + "m=9.1*1e-31;\n", + "c=3*1e8;#velocity of light in free space\n", + "h=6.62*1e-34;#planck's constant\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations&Results\n", + "x=cos(th);\n", + "dlamda=h*(1-cos(radians(th)))/(m*c);#delta lemda \n", + "print 'delta lemda is= %.3f A'%(dlamda/1e-10)\n", + "lamda1=lamda-dlamda;#wavelength of incident X-rays\n", + "print 'wavelength of incident X-rays %.3f A'%(lamda1/1e-10)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "delta lemda is= 0.007 A\n", + "wavelength of incident X-rays 0.015 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.11, Page 314" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "a = 1e-10 # Width of box in meter\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "n = 1; # Single electron\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "E = (n**2 * h**2)/(8*m*a**2*1.6e-19);\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print'Energy of electrons is %.1f n^2 eV'%E\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy of electrons is 37.6 n^2 eV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.12, Page 314" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "a = 1e-10 # Width of box in meter\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "n = 1; # Single electron\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "E = (h**2)/(8*m*a**2);#Energy of in lower level\n", + "p = h/(2*a);#Momentum \n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'Energy of in lower level %.f *10^-18 J'%(E/1e-18)\n", + "print'Momentum is %.2f *10^-24 (kg.m)/s'%(p/1e-24)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy of in lower level 6 *10^-18 J\n", + "Momentum is 3.31 *10^-24 (kg.m)/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.13, Page 315" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "a = 0.2e-9 # Width of box in meter\n", + "m = 9.1e-31; # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in Js\n", + "c = 3e8; # Velocity of light in vaccum\n", + "E5 = 230*1.6e-19 # Energy of a particle in Volts in 5th antinode\n", + "n = 5;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "E1 = E5/(n**2);\n", + "m = (h**2)/(8*E1*a**2);#Mass of electron \n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'Mass of electron is %.2f *10^-31 kg'%(m/1e-31)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Mass of electron is 9.30 *10^-31 kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.14, Page 316" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "n = 1; # Single particle\n", + "a = 50e-10; # Width of box in meter\n", + "deltax = 10e-10; # Intervel between particle\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "p = (2/a)*deltax;#The probability of finding the particle\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'The probability of finding the particle is %.1f'%p\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The probability of finding the particle is 0.4\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.15, Page 316" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt\n", + "\n", + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "h = 6.62*1e-34; # Planck's constant\n", + "m = 1e-9; # Mass of particle in kg\n", + "t = 100; #Time reqired by the particle to cross 1 mm distance\n", + "a = 1e-3 ; # Width of box in m\n", + "v = 1e-5; # Velocity of particle in m/s\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "E = (0.5*m*v**2);\n", + "n = sqrt(8*m*a**2*E/(h**2));#The quantum state\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'The quantum state is %.f*10^16 '%(n/1e+16)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The quantum state is 3*10^16 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.16, Page 317" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Varaible declaration\n", + "h = 6.62e-34; # Planck's constant in J.s\n", + "m = 9.1e-31 # Mass of electron in kg\n", + "nk =1;\n", + "nl = 1;\n", + "nm = 1;\n", + "a = 0.5e-10 # Width of cubical box in meter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "E = (h**2*(nk**2+nl**2+nm**2))/(8*m*a**2*1.6e-19);#The lowest energy level will have energy\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'The lowest energy level will have energy %.f eV'%E\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The lowest energy level will have energy 451 eV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file -- cgit