From 50e7b3b0fb869d0086b56c8e71a7c7684e4f0741 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Trupti Kini Date: Wed, 24 Feb 2016 23:30:12 +0600 Subject: Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/screenshots/ultrasonic.png A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/screenshots/wave_mechanics_2.png A Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/screenshots/x-ray_diffraction.png A "sample_notebooks/sai kiranmalepati/Untitled.ipynb" --- .../chapter7_2.ipynb | 503 +++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 503 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb (limited to 'Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb') diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a7dd25a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,503 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:f33548221374c6e971e5c3a48338b6a55eced3cd1938792a2d5ebb13acf91806" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter7:SUPERCONDUCTIVITY" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg1:pg-272" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Tc=3.7 #critical temperature in K\n", + "Hc_0=0.0306 #critical magnetic field in Tesla at 0K\n", + "T=2 #temperature in K\n", + "Hc=Hc_0*(1-(T/Tc)**2)\n", + "print\"Critical field at 2 K is \",round(Hc,4),\"Tesla\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Critical field at 2 K is 0.0217 Tesla\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg2:pg-272" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Tc=7.2 #transition temperature in K\n", + "T=5 #temperature in K\n", + "Hc_T=3.3e4 #critical magnetic field at 5K in A/m\n", + "Hc_0=Hc_T/(1-(T/Tc)**2)\n", + "print\"Maximum value of H at 0 K is \",\"{:.2e}\".format(Hc_0),\"A/m\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Maximum value of H at 0 K is 6.37e+04 A/m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg3:pg-273" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Tc=7.2 #critical temperature in K\n", + "Hc_0=1 #let,critical magnetic field at 0K\n", + "Hc_T=0.1*Hc_0 #critical magnetic field at T Kelvin\n", + "T=sqrt(1-Hc_T/Hc_0)*Tc\n", + "print\"Temperature is \",round(T,2),\"K\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Temperature is 6.83 K\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg4:pg-273" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "T=4.2 #temperature in K\n", + "Hc_0=0.0803 #critical magnetic field at 0K in Wb/m**2\n", + "Tc=7.2 #critical temperature for Pb in K\n", + "Hc_T=Hc_0*(1-(T/Tc)**2)\n", + "print\"Critical field at 4.2 K is \",round(Hc_T,5),\"Tesla\"#answer is wrong in book" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Critical field at 4.2 K is 0.05298 Tesla\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg5:pg-273" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Hc_T=105e3 #critical magnetic field at T Kelvin in A/m\n", + "Hc_0=150e3 #critical magnetic field at 0K in A/m\n", + "Tc=9.2 #critical temperature in K\n", + "T=sqrt(1-Hc_T/Hc_0)*Tc\n", + "print\"Temperature is \",round(T,2),\"K\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Temperature is 5.04 K\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg6:pg-274" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Hc_T=1e5 #critical magnetic field at 8K in A/m\n", + "T=8 #temperature in K\n", + "Hc_0=2e5 #critical magnetic field at 0K in A/m\n", + "Tc=T/sqrt(1-Hc_T/Hc_0)\n", + "print\"Transition temperature is \",round(Tc,1),\"K\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Transition temperature is 11.3 K\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg7:pg-274" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Tc=7.26 #critical temperature in K\n", + "Hc_0=8e5 #critical magnetic field at 0K in A/m\n", + "Hc_T=4e4 #critical magnetic field at T kelvin in A/m\n", + "T=sqrt(1-Hc_T/Hc_0)*Tc\n", + "print\"T =\",round(T,2),\"K\",\"\\nThe temperature of the metal should be held below\",round(T,2),\"K\" " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "T = 7.08 K \n", + "The temperature of the metal should be held below 7.08 K\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg8:pg-275" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "T1=14 #temperature in K\n", + "T2=12 #temperature in K\n", + "T=4.2 #temperature in K\n", + "Hc_T1=0.176 #critical magnetic field at temperature T1\n", + "Hc_T2=0.528 #critical magnetic field at temperature T2\n", + "Tc=sqrt((Hc_T2*T1**2-Hc_T1*T2**2)/(Hc_T2-Hc_T1))\n", + "Tc=int(Tc*10)/10. #rounding off\n", + "Hc_0=Hc_T1/(1-(T1/Tc)**2)\n", + "Hc_T=Hc_0*(1-(T/Tc)**2)\n", + "print\"Transition temperature is \",Tc,\"K\"\n", + "print\"Critical field at 0 K is \",round(Hc_0,3),\"Tesla\"\n", + "print\"Critical field at 4.2 K is \",round(Hc_T,2),\"Tesla\"\n", + "#answers in book are wrong because value of T2 is taken as 13K in calculation which is wrong." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Transition temperature is 14.8 K\n", + "Critical field at 0 K is 1.673 Tesla\n", + "Critical field at 4.2 K is 1.54 Tesla\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg9:pg-275" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "D=1.0 #diameter of Pb wire in mm\n", + "Bc=0.0548 #in Tesla\n", + "mu_0=4*math.pi*1e-7 #absolute permeability of air in N/A**2\n", + "Ic=math.pi*D*1e-3*Bc/mu_0\n", + "print\"Current is \",int(Ic),\"amp\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current is 137 amp\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg10:pg-276" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Hc_0=6.5e3 #critical magnetic field at 0K in A/m\n", + "Tc=7.18 #critical temperature in K\n", + "Hc_T=4.5e3 #critical magnetic field at T Kelvin in A/m\n", + "T=sqrt(1-Hc_T/Hc_0)*Tc\n", + "print\"Temperature is \",round(T,2),\"K\"\n", + "D=2 #diameter of the lead wire in mm\n", + "r=D/2 \n", + "Ic=2*math.pi*r*1e-3*Hc_T\n", + "Jc=Ic/(math.pi*(r*1e-3)**2)\n", + "print\"Critical current density is \",\"{:.1e}\".format(Jc),\"A/m**2\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Temperature is 3.98 K\n", + "Critical current density is 9.0e+06 A/m**2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg11:pg-281" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "T=3.5 #temperature in K\n", + "lamda_T=750 #penetration depth of Hg at 3.5K in Angstrom\n", + "Tc=4.153 #critical temperature in K\n", + "lamda_0=lamda_T*sqrt(round(1-(T/Tc)**4,3))\n", + "print\"Penetration depth at 0 K is\",round(lamda_0,1),\"Angstrom\"#answer is wrong in book because of calculation mistake " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Penetration depth at 0 K is 528.2 Angstrom\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg12:pg-281" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "m=9.1e-31 #mass of electron kg\n", + "mu_0=12.56e-7 #absolute permeability of air in N/A**2\n", + "e=1.6e-19 #charge of electron in coulomb\n", + "ns=1e28 #number of super electrons per meter cube\n", + "lamda_0=sqrt(m/(mu_0*ns*e**2))\n", + "lamda_0=round(lamda_0,9)*1e10\n", + "print\"Penetration depth at 0 K is \",int(lamda_0),\"Angstrom\"\n", + "Tc=3 #critical temperature in K\n", + "T=1. #temperature in K\n", + "lamda_T=lamda_0/sqrt(1-(T/Tc)**4)\n", + "print\"Penetration depth at 1 K is \",int(lamda_T),\"Angstrom\"\n", + "#in book lamda(at 3K) is printed,which is wrong. Correct notation is lamda(at 1K)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Penetration depth at 0 K is 530 Angstrom\n", + "Penetration depth at 1 K is 533 Angstrom\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg13:pg-286" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Tc=9.25 #critical temperature in K\n", + "T=0 #temperature in K\n", + "Kb=1.38e-23 #Boltzmann's constant in J/K\n", + "Eg=3.53*Kb*Tc/(1.6e-19)\n", + "h=6.63e-34 #planck constant joule-sec\n", + "c=3e8 #speed of light in m/sec\n", + "print\"Energy gap Eg is \",round(Eg*1e3,2),\"meV\"\n", + "lamda_min=h*c/round(Eg*1.6e-19,23)\n", + "print\"Minimum photon wavelength is \",\"{:.2e}\".format(lamda_min),\"m\"\n", + "print\" This wavelength lie in the far-infrared region of electromagnetic radiations.\"\n", + "v=round(Eg*1.6e-19,23)/h\n", + "print\"Frequency needed is \",\"{:.2e}\".format(v),\"s**-1\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Energy gap Eg is 2.82 meV\n", + "Minimum photon wavelength is 4.42e-04 m\n", + " This wavelength lie in the far-infrared region of electromagnetic radiations.\n", + "Frequency needed is 6.79e+11 s**-1\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Eg14:pg-286" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "M=200.59 #average atomic mass of Hg in amu\n", + "m=204 #mass of isotope in amu\n", + "T=4.153 #temperature in K\n", + "t=4.118 #temperature in K\n", + "dM=m-M\n", + "dTc=t-T\n", + "alpha=-(M*dTc/(dM*T))\n", + "print\"Isotope effect coefficient is \",round(alpha,3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Isotope effect coefficient is 0.496\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file -- cgit